The San Bernardino County Sun from San Bernardino, California • Page 2

SAN BERNARDINO DAILY SUN. THURSDAY, JANUARY 2, 1941 German Raider's Victims Tell Story PAGE TWO SURVIVORS OF THREE SHIPS HELD BY NAZIS Reich Armed Boats Sail Under Japanese Colors, Names in Attacks od Pacific (Tlv Associated Press CANBERRA, Australia, Jan. 1 Survivorg from seven merchant vessels gunk by German warships in the Pacific disclosed today that passengers and crewmen from three other craft were still held captive by the raiders. Vivid stories of the weeks that they also were prisoners came from 496 survivors including 70 women and seven children brought to Australia after they were marooned Deo. 21 on the lonely Island of Emlrau.

They reported their treatment was good, but rations were short The thunder of guns in fresh en-g agemenU, they said, cams to them several times between decks. JAPANESE COLORS Some survivors said the German raiders masqueraded under Japanese colors and names. "The raider that captured us," aid one of the rescued, "was teaming under the name Manyo Maru and was provisioned from a storeship under the name of Tokyo Maru. Immediately before my ship was shelled, the raider hoisted the Nazi flag. (Lloyd's register of shipping lists a Japanese freighter Manyo Maru and two Japanese-flag vessels named Tokyo Maru, one a 6.486-ton freighter and the other a 903-ton tanker.) The former captives, apparently put ashore because the Germans could not continue feeding them, were rescued four days later on Christmas day by an Australian ship.

Those reported still held captive were the crews and passengers of the 9.691-ton British ship Turakina, the 7.203-ton Norwegian ship Ring-wood, and the Notou, a French vessel. CREW FIGHTS TO DEATH From their German guards, the other survivors brought to Australia said they learned the Turakina, armed only with a defensive gun aft, fought for two and a half hours before it surrendered to a faster Nazi warship armed with several guns and a trained fighting crew. Unconfirmed reports were that only 23 of the Turakina'i crew of 58 were alive when the battle ended. The seven sunken ships from which the survivors here were taken were the Rangitane, the Trladlc, the Triaster, the 4.413-ton Triona, the 8.900-ton Komata and the 773-ton Holmwood, a four-master schooner, all British, and the Norwegian merchantman Vinnl of 5,181 tons. The Holmwood's crew and passengers were under three months of floating captivity, "Our German captors treated Us well and none of us had a really bad time." "A warning shot was fired by the raider.

We stopped, and the cap tain addressing the passengers, aid: Tm sorry but we are going on a long eruise with the enemy. We must make the best of FLOATING FORTRESS The passengers were astonished by the efficiency of the German crews and the quantity of armaments on the raider. "It wag a floating fortress," they aid. The crew of one ship became aware of danger, the survivors said they were told, only when a searchlight suddenly bathed their ship in light and shells began dropping around them. The attackers were accused of attempting to prevent the merchantman from sending distress signals by "jamming" the ether.

The Rangitane, largest of the craft known to have been destroyed in the German forays into Pacific waters, suffered "many casualties" and was set ablaze by shellfire Nov. 26. they said. Food staples were listed as black bread, raw bacon and sausage. In one case, it was said, 132 prisoners were held beneath a hatch for three days with only a pot of rice to share for their breakfast.

Captains and crewmen among the survivors told of being threatened with death if they were again taken by the Germans from armed ships. After being landed on Amirau, an islnnd of the Bismarck archipelago 1.650 miles southeast of the Philippines, the survivors obeyed a warning from the captors to delay for 24 hours any attempt to reach Kavieng, in the mandated territory of New Guinea. Later messengers were sent to Kavieng in a motorboat owned by islanders. George VI Approves Award to Arizonan LONDON, Jan. 1.

King George VI has approved award of the royal fold medal for architecture to Frank Lloyd Wright, now of Phoenix, Anions, it was announced MM 1 1 1 fi St4M VfJ Death Comes to 51 Thrice tossed into the air and impaled on the bull's horn, Alberto Balderas, one of Mexico's famed bullfighters, was killed at Mexico City. The animal has just caught Balderas on the left horn for the first time. Balderas was the first matador to encounter death in the Mexico City ring. BETTE MEIELOPE (Continued from Page One) elates could not supply the information. Miss Davis wore a white jersey evening dress with long sleeves and lilies of the valley while Farnsworth was in a dinner jacket when the Rev.

Mr. Price performed the marriage. Mrs. Justin Dart is the former Jane O'Brien of Hollywood and an old friend of Miss Davis. The Dart ranch is a huge tract with a large ranchhouse in Spanish style.

Warner Bros, studio said Miss Davis was scheduled to start work Monday in her next picture, "The Bride Came C.O.D." Miss Davis, frequent academy award winner, previously was married to Harmon O. Nelson, also a childhood friend from New England. Nelson, at the time of their marriage, was an orchestra leader. But his work kept him away from his wife so much that he gave up his band and became a Hollywood theatrical agent so that he could be closer to Miss Davis. In spite of that change.

Nelson complained at the time he filed suit for divorce Miss Davis seemed to prefer her career to marriage and was "cruel" to him In other ways, reading books when they had visitors and absenting herself from his presence to read. Miss Davis did not contest the divorce case, and Nelson obtained the decree by default Dec. 6, 1938. Miss Davis came to the screen from the Broadway stage in 1930 after having appeared in several plays which had mediocre success. She played simple ingenue roles for a time in films until given a leading role in Somerset Maugham's "Of Human Bondage." That role projected her to stardom and in 1936 she won her first academy award for her role in "Dangerous." Two years later she again won the academy award for her spitfire part in "Jezebel." Farnsworth, 34, is the son of a Vermont dentist.

He formerly was assistant manager of a White mountain vacation lodge, at Littleton, N. where Miss Davis spent several vacations. Matador (Continued from Page One) that the coming year might be a tough one. Philoff's Vienna trip was described officially as for "medical consultation," but some observers believed his chief object was to learn what Adolf Hitler plans to do with Nazi troops in the Balkans and what part Bulgaria would be asked to play. "God helps those who help themselves," the premier told Bulgarians in his broadcast.

"Let us remember another ancient truth: Namely, that every nation must shape her own Bulgaria, caught between leanings toward Soviet Russia and increasing axis pressure, long has been viewed as the next possible objective of an axis thrust into the Balkans, towards Greece, Turkey or both. The little kingdom had been considered a likely convert to the axis, but on Nov. 25 Berlin sources disclosed that Bulgaria, for the present at least, was staying out. Diplomatic circles in Sofia at that time took this to mean that Germany and Russia had failed to see eye-to-eye on their respective spheres of influence in the Balkans. Concession to Japan Cancelled in Mexico (By United Press) MEXICO CITY, Jan.

1. The Mexican government was reliably reported today to have secretly cancelled an exploratory oil conces sion granted to the Japanese Vera Cruzana Co. in the State of Vera Cruz. Londoners in Bomb Shelter 1,184 Hours (By United Press) LONDON. Jan.

1. Londoners spent 1.184 hours in air raid shelters in 1940, it was computed today. During this period, equivalent to 48 days, air raid sirens sounded more than 400 times. at the time of Dunkirk (May 31-June 4) Britain's vulnerability to invasion was "great though not of long duration." Britain naturally cannot overlook the possibility of invasion, and so the R.A.F. continues to bomb French and Belgian ports and the army and navy maintain vigilance.

But it must be remembered that for the whole populace in and out of the fighting services the invasion scare has definite propaganda value. With the British navy and air force each stronger than they were at the beginning of the war or at the time of the French collapse, German invaders would face a herculean task with a forlorn hope of even temporary success. Consider these facts: At the beginning of the war the British required five weeks to land 158,000 men in France. That operation had been worked out years in advance with the French general staff and was carried out against no opposition with the cooperation of the Anglo-French navies and the world's biggest merchant marine. Troops and equipment were landed at specially prepared ports and railway sidings.

Not a single German warship interferred and enemy air attacks were almost entirely lacking, German invaders, oa the other BULGARIAN 1 III JAUNT DETECTOR NIGHT RAIDERS British Believed to Possess Equipment to Be Used in Driving Off Nazis (Bv Associated Press) WASHINGTON, Jan. 1. Military men expressed belief today that the British have developed a way to equip their warplanes with a detector for locating enemy aircraft in the dark. Ground detectors of that nature have been in use in Britain for some and well-informed sources here said the statement of Air Chief Marshall Sir Hugh Dowding at Ottawa earlier this week that the menace of enemy night bombers would be greatly reduced sometime this spring, indicated the device had been adapted for installation in royal air force planes. "It's just a repetition of the old military maxim that for every new weapon there is always a defense developed," one official said.

"The question is whether the British can develop the defense in time." WORK RAPIDLY Sir Hugh Dowding said the necessary equipment for Britain's new defense was being completed rapidly and by springtime would remove the "whole weight and sting" of the luftwaffe night bombers. Both the United States and Britain have been working for years on various types of plane detectors but war and navy department officials have maintained a tight-lipped silence regarding the success or failure of their experiments. Some published accounts of a ground type of plane detector have described It as capable of accurately locating airplanes 100 miles away 150 miles under favorable conditions. It is said that clouds, fog and noise cannot interfere with it and airplane engines can't be shielded or protected against it. MAY CATCH RAYS The latter fact led to conjecture in some quarters that the device picks up infra-red rays from the exhausts of airplane engines.

Military aviators said that if such a device were perfected so that it could be installed in fighter planes, it would be quite poasiolo to synchronize the plane's guns with it and thus make the detection and destruction of enemy craft almost automatic. If the equipment can be used only in the larger type of planes, such as bombers, its usefulness would be restricted. Adaptation for use in single-seat fighters and pursuit ships, however, one qualified official said, would be tantamount to the elimination of the factor of darkness and aerial combat would resolve itself largely into contests between small, speedy fighters just like the daylight air battles. Masonite Plant Shut Down, Accord Fails (By United Press) LAUREL, Jan. 1.

The Masonite Corp. plant here closed down today after negotiations between officials of the Union of Masonite Workers and of the company failed. The plant, employing approxi- mately 2,000 workers, is the largest industrial unit in Mississippi. The company's contract with the unaffiliated union of masonite workers expired at midnight. The union members asked an average hourly wage increase of 11 Vi cents in a new agreement.

hand, would have to elude the Brit ish navy and air force, get through mine fields and effect a landing on fortified beaches raked by artillery and machine-gun fire. The defense system provided is organized to enable British light forces constantly on guard to "contain" the invaders upon the beaches until the arrival of Strong, mobile reinforcements kept ready at strategic points. An enemy force which succeeded in penetrating beach defenses would immediately encounter other troops in strength, Including armored forces. Coastal defenses have been strengthened until there are guns In every Imaginable out-of-the-way place. Air-borne invaders, parachutists or troops landed In big transport planes, would Immediately face speedy armored cars, tanks, Bren gun carriers (baby tanks), regular troops and the home guards, of whom there are 3,000,000 to 4,000,000 just itching to get at the Germans to pay them for the merciless bombing which all Britain, even rural districts, has undergone.

The London source from whom this information came predicted, however, that there would be other British stories of an invasion threat "especially If somebody thinks the public needs another shot in the arm." TOUCHTB.LT Qerman Invasion Threats Called Propaganda to Aid British Morale (Continued from Page One) the story of an attempted invasion in September and in reiterating almost dally that a threat of invasion still exists is to stimulate home morale to keep keyed up the millions of arms workers and the millions of troops who now are idle In the islands, according to this experienced observer. It must be said in fairness, however, that an American observer who arrived here recently from Berlin, by way of France and Portugal, said that in all these countries reports of an imminent invasion of Britain were plentiful, Nothing would be more natural, however, than for Germany to keep such reports alive in Germany and German-dominated territory, for the same reason Britain circulates them at home morale. Nazi leaders have promised their followers Britain will be invaded and conquered and such a promise given cannot be withdrawn. Why is Britain immune from successful invasion at this time? Because it would end in catastrophe if launched while the British r.avy rules the aea and the royal air force enjoys a definite local air guperiority over Britain. In this connection a British official spokesman said recently that -x rW Italian Soldiers Captured by Victorious With shelled ruins of their Sidi 10,000 captive Italians march away (Continued from Page One) won the theme prize for the float most faithfully portraying "America in Flowers." More than 200,000 chrysanthemums, azaleas, pansies and roses went into the beautiful float, which was a reproduction of the U.S.

capitol dome. The slow-moving, blossom-built floats took more than two hours to cover the three-mile route through Pasadena, The flowers remained fresh throughout the parade since they were fastened to wet burlap and sprinkled at intervals by lus cious, bathing-beauty attendants. The City of San Diego, center of the west coast's naval activities, presented a float which won the class A preferred prize. The float depicted a great, flowery wave breaking at the rear of a warship the U.S.S. San Diego made entirely of white stock and narcissus.

Portland, "the City of Roses," won the prize for cities outside of California with a float car rying jyjjat American Beauty roses from rose-colored sweet peas. A huge eagle, entitled "Protection," won the class Al prize for Santa Barbara, Magnolia leaves fashioned the eagle's outstretched wings and body and its head was of white pompoms. One of the most outstanding floats was a 30-foot fish made of 80,000 marigolds, which lashed its tail and opened and shut its mouth. It was presented by San Pedro. San Francisco's Forty Niner riding through the "Golden Gate" won second prize in the class A division.

A great number of the floial-floats were made even more breathtaking by the presence of honest-to- goodness Southern California beauties, riding on the floats. And as each float finally reached the eastern end of Pasadena, the terminus of the parade, all those spectators who weren't in too much of a hurry to reach their cars saw some mighty tired "gods and goddesses" and "spirits of "41" climb down from their pedestals and heave some very un-godlike but happy sighs as they headed for the nearest chairs. Russians Ready For Any Moves (By Associated Press) LONDON, Jan. 2. (Thursday) The London Daily Mall reported early today it had picked up a radio broadcast by Joseph Stalin in which the Russian dictator declared "Soviet Russia is ready for every eventuality and for this purpose is in a state of total mobilization." (This broadcast had not been re ported from any other source at the time the Daily Mail had It.) AUNT IIET By ROBERT QUILLEN "I made mistakes raisin' my girls, but they didn't learn to cook by usin' their husbands' stomachs to practice on." MET SEEN I.58IIJ1 I I Barranl base in background, some I to concentration camps after fall- Program Submitted To Prevent Inflation (Continued from Page One) either for monetary or industrial reasons, the day might come when priceg of most articles got so high that money would lose much of its purchasing power.

In Germany, after the world war, a monetary inflation went so far that a bushel basket of paper currency would not buy a loaf of bread. The report asserted that while it dealt primarily with monetary aspects of the situation, protective steps should also be taken in other fields, "such as prevention of industrial and labor bottlenecks, and the pursuance of a tax policy appropriate to the defense program and to our monetary and fiscal needs." F. D. R. NOT READY At the White House, It was learned that the plan had been presented to President Roosevelt before its publication, but he was not ready to comment on It.

A treasury spokesman said Secretary Mor-genthau, also consulted by Ecclea about it, was unwilling to comment but "saw no objection to the discussion of these problems at this time." Leo J. Crowley, chairman of the Federal Deposit Insurance also begged time to study the plan before saying anything about it. Officials warned, however, against interpreting this silence as a hint of opposition. They noted that Ec-cles has been one of Mr. Roosevelt's closest advisers on many kinds of economio problems for years, even though the president has not always followed his advice.

The report listed five points as follows: 5 1. Restrict bank lending by increasing tho percentage of deposits that the banks must lay aside as reserves. The banks now have a record total of $7,000,000,000 of idle money in excess of existing reserve requirements, and an increase in reserves would make some of this money ineligible for lending or in vestment. 'GREENBACK' REPEAL 2. Remove the president's power to make a further reduction in the gold content of the American dollar.

(The president exercised this authority once, in 1934, and under remaining powers he could create nearly $4,000,000,000 of new money by raising the legal price of gold from $35 to $41.34 per ounce. This power will lapse next June 30, un less renewed. When the president asked its renewal in 1939 and oh talned it over bitter congressional opposition, he said he had no inten tion of using it except when necessitated by a great emergency.) Re peal the "greenback" powers of the 1933 agricultural adjustment act, un der which the treasury could issue $3,000,000,000 of new money, backed only by the government's credit, in stead of gold or silver. Repeal the treasury's unused power to issue $1.29 worth of currency for every ounce of foreign silver purchased regardless of actual cost. This metal is bought currently at 35 cents.

The report made no recommendation about similar powers to issue $1.29 worth of currency for every ounce of domestically-mined silver bought by the treasury, currently at 71.11 cents. 3. Neutralize the credit effects of Imported gold. No method was suggested, but In 1936-38 the treasury tried to do this by using borrowed money to pay for the gold. This meant that the treasury was bor rowing money from the public as fast as foreigners were creating new bank deposits with the cash they got for their gold, and the net ef fect wag no substantial change In the amount of money available for credit in this country.

At present, the treasury pays cash for gold and gets the cash by reselling the metal to the 12 federal reserve banks. SELL BONDS TO PUBLIC 4. Sell government bonds, in the future, to the general public and not to banks. Monetary experts said that when the treasury spends borrowed money, the contractors, employes or others who get the money deposit it In banks, generally, and thus create new lending powers for the banks. They suggested that if the government i ing into hands of victorious British should borrow Its money from indi viduals or corporations who would have to draw money out of banks to pay for the securities, this would offset the deposits made later by those who receive funds from the government.

5. Balancing of the federal budget, Increasing taxes gradually until they equal expenditures, was advocated by the report on a "some day" basis, Officials indicated no hope of accomplishing it quickly, since President Roosevelt was reported to be preparing at $17,000,000,000 budget for the next fiscal year which may involve a deficit of as high as $9,000,000,000. The report said the balance should be achieved "whenever the country approaches a condition of full utilization of its economio capacity." This was Inter preted to mean a time when every employable person has a job and every factory is going full blast Apparently, the only immediate, positive action sought by the reserve System was an Increase in bank re serve requirements. The report asked that present powers of this type over banks in the federal re serve system be extended to all banks, Including the village banks In rural areas and the huge "pri vate" banks such as J. P.

Morgan Co. The report asked congress to make one small Increase immediate ly an increase that the reserve board already has power to make It also requested authority to double any or all of the new reserve rates In the future. The proposed immediate increases were: Savings and time deposits In all cities, from $5 to $6 per $100 deposit This meant that a bank receiving a $100 savings deposit would have to set aside $6 in a reserve fund and could use the remaining $94 for loans and investments. Demand (usual checking account) deposits in New York and Chica go, from $22.75 to $26 per $100; in Boston, Philadelphia, Atlanta, Richmond, Cleveland, St. Louis, Kansas City, Minneapolis, Dallas and San Francisco, from $17.50 to $20 per $100; in all other cities, from $12 to $14.

Fascists Feel Fury oi R.A.F. (Continued from Page One) warships on Armistice day 11 bombs seen to burst around the units of the Italian fleet anchored there. Palermo harbor, in Sicily, attacked; the southern Albanian port of Valona chief port of Italian supplies in the campaign against Greece bombed for the twenty-third time. Naples assaulted, as well as the suburb of Torre del Annunziata, along with a chemical factory at Crotone, in southern Italy. Fascists troops and motor truck concentration "heavily attacked" in Libya.

Flames set off in a Fascist military camp In Italian East Africa, near Gubba; stores and warehouses bombed at Assab; "numerous fires" left at Danghila. Afield, the British continued today to shell the scarred and besieged Italian base of Bardia In Libya and general headquarters also reported that there had been patrolling and "artillery activity" on the frontiers of the Sudan and Kenya. From headquarters at the siege lines of Bardia, the British an nounced their patrols were operating regularly 75 miles inside Libya and said one British armored car unit spent all Christmas day in an abandoned Italian airdrome south of the port of Tobruk, Full control wag claimed over parts of the coast between Bardia and Tobruk. RAY RILEY SUES OAKLAND, Jan. Rail- road Commissioner Ray L.

Riley and his wife, Winifred, asked 303.50 damages In superior court as the result of a highway accident in Dublin canyon. British forces driving toward Bardia. (NEA Cable-Telephoto) (Continued from Page One) The rising cost of supplementing its fortifications is duly noted. That may not be significant. Yet it indicates that among other perplexities arising from the defeat of Fascist armies in Albania and Africa, II Duce Is not losing sight of the possibility that France might return to the war as a result of the Hitler-Petaln conflict.

Unquestionably any development that brought French colonial forces in Africa or the French navy back into the war against Italy would be a heavy additional blow for Mussolini. There are 300,000 French and French colonial troops fully equipped and as yet unbloodled in this war, in French Africa. They are strongly anti-German and anti-axis. LOYAL TO WEYGAND They are primarily loyal to Gen. Weygand, who organized and prepared them for battle.

He is in personal command as old Marshal Petain's trusted agent, and beyond doubt burning to avenge against the axis the defeat he suffered as allied generalissimo in France last June. A break between Hitler and Pe-tain might lead to Nazi occupation of all Franco. That of itself would be a boon to Britain. It would further disperse Nazi armies in the west, so recently pictured by Hitler as girding to leap across the channel at England's throat. Reentry of French troops in Africa into the war would drive a decisive nail, however, into the coffin of Italian empire dreams.

It prob ably would mean swift realization of Prime Minister Churchill's threat to rip that empire "to shreds and tat ters." From this distance it has seemed probable all along that it was use of French naval ships In the Mediter raneati by Germany and Italy that was urgently sought by Berlin in the recent Hitler-Laval dealings. That would have been a serious matter for Britain, at home as well as in the east. It would have forced retention of heavy British naval forces in the Mediterranean forces that could be ill spared from Atlan tio bottlenecks. TRANSFER TO ATLANTIC Now it Is Indicated that important British naval units are being trans ferred from the east front to protect England's own North Atlantic sea lanes. That is an immediate result of British army victories in Egypt and Libya and Greek successes in Albania.

London reports a shrinking In stead of an increasing tonnage toll by enemy action in the dangerous Atlantic waters. It has also disclosed that the heavy cruiser Berwick, which beat off the most recent Nazi surface raider attack there in murky weather, had been shifted from the Mediterranean to Atlantic conviy duty. Reentry of French African forces and French warciaft Into the conflict alongside Britain certainly would release further British navy and air forces in the east for use in the west. It would be a major obstacle to Nazi attack plans in the west, whatever they are. Mess Steward Back, Patriotic Dog Stays (Bv Aflinflnte(l Press) LOS ANGELES, Jan.

1. Alipio Barrantes, who served 18 years as a naval mesa steward, has been called back to active duty after a short retirement, but "Navy Day," his English sheep dog, can't go along. It's not that "Navy Day" so named because he was born on Navy day three years ago isn't up on military etiquette. At the call to the colors, stands stiffly at attention with a small flag In his left paw and raises his right to his brow In salute. He can march almost indefinitely on his hind legs.

But there's no place for a dog aboard a submarine, and vaatul. tions forbid. NB1IN CIIS HINTED.