Sioux City Journal from Sioux City, Iowa • 25

I ii I I n. II I I 1 111 1 nui ii i J'' -'7 1-, i i society I i -2 y. SIOUX CITY, IOWA, OCTOBER 15, 1922. Building of New MriMe Briim II11' I'l 11 1111 I II llll I I I iy --t 4 4' ffirr rr.r. i.

7, rn mUt Bi.ilMi.irUrnpWWwl 'J ll 11 i -r I.iii5.-r'-i i- TT rTS.t CA-i- Lf-Vtii I Structure. Center, Mrs. Rose Paquette, Widow of Paul Paquette, Bi Sioux River Showing the Bridge Which Is Being Replaced. Lower Owner jtf First Ferry. Lower Left, View of the Old Bridge and Right, Keeper of Temporary Bridge Construction Work Collecting Toll.

duct type, 42 feet wide and 336 feet. long. It was designed by J. S. Kirkman, state bridge engineer of South Dakota, and is to be constructed to withstand the heaviest travel.

In the arch type of bridge the dead weight is centered at one or two focal points. In jthe viaduct type the. weight is distributed. In the case of the Big Sioux bridge there will, be nine bents, or points of support and each bent will rest upon three piers. These piers are made by, sinking a stee-l- caisson, or tube, eight feet in diameter into the bed 6f the river.

The enclosed space is then pumped dry and 12 30-foot piling are driven through the jcaisson into the river bed their entire length. The tops of tho piling extend for perhaps three feet into the lower part of the steel where they are -braced, clinched, interwovem with -steel rods, and steel reinforcements. Concrete then is poured. Into the caisson which is constructed so that- the lower pbrtion, from, six to eight feet, can be unbolted Irpm the upper portion and, lef 8 in "place, a permanent protectloB and1 brace. The weight of the Big Sioux to bring the ferry.

At last with a con-temptuous disregard to Ayotte and his license. Gen. Harney gave a commission to Paul Paquette to operate a ferry at the spot known for years after as "Pa-quette's ferry." There is living a son of Paul Paquette also Paul Paquette. He resides in Riverside not far from the old" family homestead location. He remembers the old ferry and describes it as follows: 'It was 12 by GO feet and was made of solid black walnut timber, hand sawed.

It had aprons on either end which were let down to make a landing, and were drawn ui to firm an enclosure when the ferry was irv motion. My father operated the ferry by ropes and pulleys. There was a guide rope across the river and the ferry was fastened to it by ropes at either These ropes could be fixed so the ferry was slantwise and the current helped float it across." Recalls Paquette Ferry. In 1S57, Paquette brought his bride. Rose, to live in house sl( the ferry.

She came from the "east" and found it hard to ret used to her new surroundings. She is Top, Panoramic View of the rfOW FERRY TO MODERN SPAN SISTORY OF SIOUX BRIDGE IS RECALLED' IN DETAIL. TOLL CHARGE HAS PRECEDENT First Permit to Collect Fee for rossing Stream Was Granted to Henry Ayotte Old Bridge Was Swept Away in Flood of 1831. By Gertrude Henderson. 5hall not pass." cried Iforatiua the bridge, and- he pot away with it, fr-o, so there is nothing new in" the ioratius in coveralls who guards the i rr.porary bridpe over the Sioux, stop-I- np the thousands automobiles that across.

They shall not pass, until thy come across with the toll." Protests have been long and loud, but and in this matter, too, hia-t'ry is but repeating herself. Toll to cross the Big ioux was an ancient griev-i-ice, which became so sore- that the r- atter was several times discussed, on ihp floor rf rfnrris lta tf ffri nsst find consolation in scanning tlie i llowing schedule: M. r. Moore, acting county judfre f- Woodbury county, hysby certify that from the next day's Journal peaks thus of the i-jss: "The bridge is a total less. Some of the pieces floated down past this city during th-i night.

Most of it, however, is reported lodged with the railroad bridge about a miie below its old site." The piling of this old government bridge caused a week's delay in the construction noft' under way. Soon af ten work began these old pilingswere "encountered, and to remove them was a real problem-Some cf them were smashed with a steel beam, others were driven farther into' the ground. Another Ferry Established. After the government bridge was washed put. an action was started against the railroad for damages, on the- ground that it was their bridge, tha.t in giving way, struck the wagon bridge, which was the' immediate cause of its loss.

In the' meantime crossers over the Big Sioux again paid toll. A ferry license was granted in June after the bridge was destroyed in April to S. G. Bourrett "to keep and- operate an exclusive ferry, at the Big Sioux crossing." i In October of that year a contract was let to H. E.

Horton to build a bridge for $9,500. An additional $8,500 was voted by th boa-d of supervisors in January, 1882, and $100 the following April. This was the span on the Sioux City side of the bridge that has just been taken. down: Union county, S. suffered such heavy losses in the flood that, it was unable to build a.

eteer. bridge at that So 'a 'large pier was constructed in the center of the river. The Woodbury county bridge, was a steel span reaching to this pier. The Union county end of the bridge was of piling several years. Later.

Union county, put in a steel span which was a newer type than the Woodbury This was the reason for the two. types of spans in the- old bridge, which detracted not a little from any beauty which it thave. had. Combines. Strength, and iJeauty.

The bridge under construction will be one of architectural beauty- as well as strength and It Is of the via ME R.I CAN WOMAN' REAMS on the New warm water gushing into the frozen Missouri and Sioux. The warm water flowing under the ice forced the ice upward in huge moun'ds that rapidly broke, piling ice on ice. Gorges were formed along the Missouri as far south as Council Bluffs. The gorge that did the damage to this pajrt of the country, sending the waters of the' Big Sioux-back upon Itself, carrying issouri river ice for miles up the Sioux was a gorge that formed near Serge'ant Bfuffs. A message to The Journal on April 2.

1SS1, from Elk Point is graphic: "Elk 8:45 a. m. Water has been above town since 10 yesterday and the water runs north into the Sioux, running over the track a foot deep. last night, was running under The Big Sioux bridge within two feet pf tfle rails. The water is filled with Missouri river ice three and four feet thick.

I telegraph this from a boat in the lake three miles down the track from Elk Point. The water is 10 feet deep in Vermilion. The gorge at Sergeant Bluffs -piled stronger as, it caught, and wedged more of the ice borne down current. It held. damming the flood -until the water tlowed north in the Big Sioux, carrying ice and flotsam many miles upstream, John Campbell "described the gorge and tts going cut in a letter as' follows: The Gorge Goes Out.

"Sergeant Bluffs, people were watching the gorge from, the, hill back, of town. Just before sundown they saw it let go. The "whole mass of ice filled five miles of river-channel, and moved with a low rearing sound that could be plainly heard from the hill four miles off fc where there the watchers stood. The immense masses of ice that had formed the gorge were ground and broken up as the mass moved on. Parties watching say- the water fell as much as 12 feet in a few minutes aft-er -the went out." When this occurred the terrific current bearing the burdens of thef flood swept down the Big Sioux.

The railroad bridge went first and, crashing into the government bridge, swept 'it out. An. extract TO ST AY New York World: Mme. Maria Kous-nezoff opened the door of her suite at the Ambassador hotel, and a reporter for. te World unleashed a string of purest doughboy French.

The Russian prima donna speaks 12 languages, but here was one she never had encountered. Madame Invited tho reported to be She smiled charmingly, smoothed out her blue silk batik tea gown. and fired three drums of French adjectives, verbs and nouns with the rapidity of a Hotchkiss gun. It was apparent she was explaining her secretary was out, and she poke no English. Whereupon 6he was implored to 5 speak" more slowly, lobbing each word over the het for a little practice before trying a Lenglen serve.

She said slowly: "Perhaps you speak Japanese?" "The reporter.thought of all his (French questions. Obviously it was absurd fto jask- what, regiment she belonged to, 'where was her platoon, leader. -and did she ha an extra drag of via rouge her.canteen. Formed Company In Paris, On the other nand, it would be equally absurd to in a ui re where could" one buy some haza ui -heeew axA how much a ferry, license has been granted this day. December 3, to Henry Ayotte.

to keep and run a ferry across the Big Sioux at a point on said river, (description of location of present bridge sitet. to ntinue for five years. The rates toll as fixed by this court for said ferry are as tewit: For every double team if oxeror horses, 50 cents: for every sinirle team. 40 cents: for every horse and rider, 25 cents; for every footman. cents, and for loose cattle or horses, 18 cents.

"In witness whereof I have hereto set my hand and affixed my official seal this 3d day of December, F. Ayotte Not a Success. It is a question which would have caused the greater commotion, to have come galloping up to the ferry in a flivver or to present oneself at the bridge with a. "double team of oxen." Ayotte as a ferryman was not a success owing to his conviction that water was something on which to float a ferry. Certainly to be taken internally.

In fact he was found dead on the river bank one with the dirt all clawed and scratched about him where the T.s" had got him. ft. tv (vever, he lost the ferry lonjj. before In the early 50s Oen. Harney was How that- stationed across the Big Sioux with no small number of men.

They- say he used to be furious when he was forced to spend time hallooing for Ayotte at the crossing, and more otten having to send one of his men to swim across velvets, furs and rare brocades in the same manner that a painter thinks of his pigments. The customer is" his canvas. To apply the one to the "other and produce a beautiful pfcture that Is his calling as he sees: it! "What Poiret doesn't realize." f. De-'May continued, "is that "the American women who are smartly, dressed will not have some one come to them and say. 'Here is the style.

You must wear.it. because Paris 'says bo. Formerly all jrore the same thinar. Now there is a multiplicity of styles in America. say to my customers: "Here is a salon of art and fashion.

We win make f.ir you what best suits you. It will be the proptr frame for the proper picture." If "they came me for a gown and I said. 'Here it Is you must wear It whether it suits you or not because it is the thing every one is wearing. they would laugh at me. "The Parisan couturiers are still trying to make styles.

The best of the American desijrners are adapting gowns to the wearers' personalities. The tall, angular woman cannot be draped In the same manner as one who is petite' and The' quiet. woman requires different treatment from one' who is 'fall of life and fire. What would be Just the thng for. cne would look absurd on American Know.

i "The American wcron know that When they go to Paris and see something they like. they boy it if it suits them. If it does not they do not buy until they come home. I could name many. customers 'who returned' recently from Paris who told me, that they bought not, one single gown.

VFrm the time- they are young g'rl American women buy, what suits them-They do not buy what someone tells them the mode. That, is the great fundamental difference on which Paris and. America split in regard to clothes. "The French. women are slaves of fash- I to cross, so I was told.

The Yankton stage crossed on and Indians, and stock, and people traveling by horses or oxen. There were never any accidents, as I remember." The immense tonnage of freight for the ip country" was brought on the Missouri river steamers to Sioux City, unloaded at the levee, which was at the foot of Pearl then taken in wagon trains overland to its destination. All the hauling went over the Sioux at Pa-quette'a. When a "bull whacker" (oxen were used on the earliest freighters), desired to cross he made a megaphone of his cupped hands and yelled, "Ferry, Ferr-ee." Bridge Project Flivvers. From the early 50s on to the tlmo of the Minnesota massacre the Indians were more or less a menace, and it was necessary for the government to keep troops etationcdf across the Sioux.

To transport the. men, to send them supplies, the government paid a havy tax at the ferry. Using this as an argument. Judge A. W.

Hubbard, then representative in secured an appropriation of to build a free wagon bridge over the Sioux. The man who was appointed to superintendent the job spent some 52,000 or $3,000 in getting timber for piling, andt the the story goes, he spent -La, sheep. There the matter rested. So the buyer of sheep as deposed as superinteadent and, with new man at the head, the'building of the bridge was once more agitated. But it was.

necessary to have more nioney. of coarse, Burleigh, of Dakota, asked congress for an appropriation of to build a bridge over the Big Sioux. The bill was about to be passed when someone scratched his head and remembered something. He rose to ask If there hadhot been a previous appropriation of $20,000 for this same purpose. It is a matter of record that Burleigh explained that Mr.

Hubbard had asked- for $20,000, thinking bridge need be but 300 feet long, but. it was found that it would have to br 600 feet long, so they must have $20,000 more. The bill was passed without further; delayanother instance of the curious happenings in "congress of 1866. i Span Finally Finished. The pine' timbers, for the bridge were hauled overland from the railroad terminus no farther west than Boone.

Later they were hauled from Denlson, when, the railrpad-: reached that point. This bridge was completed in 1867. A traveler-of the times writes of it; "I arrived' In Yankton last evening, after one of the most pleasant trips that I -ever-enjoyed. Those horses of Haskell and Cheeney's dash overthe road at an eight-mile an hour pace all the way through. Half- an hour from Sioux City to the Big Sioux bridge, whaf a beautiful scene.

The semi-circular streamwith wooded bank; the long grass dipping into the water, the fowls and 'fish playing above and beneath its smooth, silvery You see, the natural beauty of the scene was too much for i our traveler's coherence He continues: "Two hours to two more to Point change horses, on to at the Adelphi hotel, on to Lincoln, and on. to Yankton." Swept Away by Flood. The government bridge was used until It wasy swept away the historic flood of 1 SSI. A late in Iowa- and Nebraska kept the Missouri frozen with Ice three and four feet thick; but up north Mivy- warm, spring rains fell, melting the. heavy snows and sending floods of i A A OUT 100 A bridge will be distributed to 27 such piers.

The bridge Will cost abot two-thirds to be naid by Sioux and third by Union county. The Schrieber Construction company, ot Watertown, S. D- 'a building the bridge. Unless some unforeseen obstacle presents Itself the lights will be4 lit on the completed structure by Christmas. In the meantime, ai Allen.

Reid recentlj expresses it; "South Dakota folks are kicking. "'Cause the contractor is nicking "Their bank roll at the toll' bridge on the Sioux. time they cross the river, "With their produce on thehv fliver. "The gateman must be paid to let them through." To make the disabled soldiers lot as easy as possible, manufacturers in Germany have installed special machinery in their factories for blind, men and men with only one arm or one leg. At these machines the disabled men are able td turn out as 'much work as normal men.

Booth theater, it will be in pantomime, comedy, ballet and She will stage her first number in costumes designed for her patra and "Thafs" settings for her. "How long will you stay in "About J00 years," said madame. She saw the reporter ebek one eye-at this symptom of hokum. She explained: "My uncle was Metchnikoff, the great professor associated with Pasteur. He gave pi- the secret of eternal youth." And madame hummed six bars from "Thais" in full concert pitch to prove this.

She -has a lovely coloratura we should venture. will' you go hack to Moscow?" said the reporter; trying a simple sentence he had 'been' composing for 15 minutes. "When you go I will be the "next to follow her reply-' Madame is a wit as well as 'Russia's best known actress. She is, we are ungallant jenough to say. anywhere" between SO and years old." wears her jet black hair slicked back over, a bold forehead, as eyes to match arid is unmistakably a "personality.

In, doughboy French she could described as "oon femme sharmant." 1 "In two months," said madame, "I TIB spik Inglis goot." It'sV ood -bev T5Sn giving now in Montana, and when asked about the ferry, she wrote: "The permit for the ferry was granted by Gen. Harney to crps the soldiers from the Dakota side to Sioux 'City from the up country. The mail also, was ferried across, sometimes on the stage and sometimes on horseback, accorxlin? to weather cooditions. Gen. "Harney was the 'first ion.

The American' bows only to her own It is not to the clothes but to the French 'couturier' that America makes acknowledgements, said M. DeMay. Also, he said that the great dress designers of Paris, are regarded as artists, that, they enjdy', the-'same pprestlge- as does the president- of France tn short, they are celebrities. They are artists In France they are mere dressmakers in America. Slakes Them Independent.

"With their prestige." said De-May, "they feel free to do things. They do' not have -to follow they lead. The spiriv dictates to them what to do. Some it will be like that in America. No one appreciates beautiful clothes more than the American woman no woman in the world looks so well in them.

They are inspiration for the greatest designers that one can dream of for that reason a. few great American couturiers are ahead ol all in the world." That is due, not to the designer, but to the woman who inspires the gown. Remember it was to the smile of Mona Lisa that Credit' is due nor to the mere of Da Vinci. "There Is argreat field in this 'country for' the dress Many ydung men of artistic sensibilities would do well to enter "it after Jeaving college or art Apparently, they never think of it. They have always regarded that sort of thing a dressmaking.

The xme is, matter of sewing. The other is a matter of creative and interpretative art." "What element makes certain women style setters? DeMay was asked. "Smartness," he replied. "Never pecu-larities or freakishness." i Henry B. DeVore, aged 14.

is the young, est boy ever admitted Co Pennsylvania State college. -His 'sister, Lois, ged 16. claims the honor or" being the youngest girl have. both enrolled with honors Xrona their, high school, Philadelphia Public Ledger A salon or Philadelphia A salon of" fashion, for fashionable wnmen of the city, designed along the nes that border the Rue de Ja Pair! That is what M. DeMay will attempt fo establish when he throws open the oors of his new establishment at 1913 Walnut Etreet, just off Kitfenhouse s-qua re.

"And why nof T' he asKs. Vhy Paris ind not Philadelphia? Why shouldn't the vomen who want beautiful things to wear to a palatial establishment to find hem? Why should they not sit in Louis uinze chairs and listen to beautiful usic when they examine my crea- tionsT' The answer is they will. In addition to providing reception, exhibition and dressing rooms, the building will house all the departments connected with the business. There will be storerooms rooms in which 'which furs will be worked and ther rooms where the gowns, wraps and hats will be put Kver since the recent visit of Paul Poiret to America the-attention of fash-onable folk han lmn fnraiiu.1 trsa inasmuch as the Parisian couturier expressed himself rather freely on the sub- ject of an' alleged' non-existence of original of this country. M.

DeMay asrts that M. Poiret is thrice seven times at) rong. 0 Calls It "Reedeeculous." But that is not all that he says of the Frewh' couturier, who recently left the shores of America. He asserts that the Parisian is "reedeeculous" in -say frig that American women do not appreciate beautiful clsthes and that: they not this and not. that.

They are nrugh, ays M. IjeMay, "to send insane with their faces, their figures, heir feet and their beautiful clothes." Like M. Poiret, clothes, are a pa salon iJUJ Ji DeMay. He regard -htXf cms. per bottle was the three-star cognac in this towij.

So the reporter warmed up on a few bana'ities while a Shubert representative with, a South, Carolina twang sought an interpreter for the -interview, i -Madame had been here two days. No, she hadn't been in Moscow in four years. The king of Sweden enabled her to escape from, the reds, personally, giving her safe conduct. She went to Paris alone: there Russian theatrical, refugees gathered about her and she. formed her company.

She, Kousnezof of Moscow and Petrograd, who (excepting Chaliapin) was the only i actor with the Russian equivalent for'the Legion of Honor, had built up the company. The reporter was stuck again He had not more questions he talked of trkln schedules. So -he inquired which road led to the ammunition wagons. In the meantime the greaV Kousnezof kept what the Germans termed fire. "i Words flew by the reporter, like telegraph poles past a roadster on' the Boston post road.

There was a knock at the door, and the interpreter -entered. Replacement troops at last! To "Become "Oldest Mme. Kousnezof has her company of 27 persons here-to do repertoire at the.