Reading Times from Reading, Pennsylvania • Page 7

A pistol signs its maker's name and maKes lis own mars on eveiy uuuci shot from its How and why this is so, Maj. Cal vln Goddard, of New York, one of the 'world's greatest living experts on small arms, told the jury trying Daniel Donahue for the murder of Chief of Police Lewars yesterday afternoon. With a blackboard and. chalk, with actual gun barrels, with microscopes and with photographs of bullets magnified hundreds of times, Goddard told his story. And that story, technical and sometimes dry as dust 1 I I THE READING 1MES, A I A RI A NtN 'J '14, 9 2 9 TOT2S PHONE 6161 Marr, "his assistant, who made the photographs of the bullet which killed Lewars and of a test bullefwhlch Goddard fired from the Smith and Wesson Police positive revolver which the commonwealth claimed Donahue fired at Lewars.

He swore the two bullets were marked alike and hence must have been fired from the same gun. CHALK TALK ON BULLETS ARTIST'S SKETCH OF SCENE DURING MURDER TRIAL SPECTATORS' GEORGE M. LUFT STANDING The Great HAM SALE Is How On f. i it I 1 I I vm i fran i Ij ftl I i 1 This Is" the blackboard Maj. Calvin Goddard, famous small arms expert, used at the trial of Daniel Donahue yesterday to show the jury why he was willing: to swear the bullet which killed Chief of Police Lewars was fired from the gun the commonwealth claimed was Donahue's.

At the left are drawings of bullets, side and bottom views to show how different makers make different kinds of bullets. At the right above are three sketches of gun barrels "split open," the wide diagonal lines being the grooves which Goddard said were different In every gun barrel and marked every bullet fired with the "name of the gun maker." In the center, below, Goddard drew two bullets to show finer lines made by little irregularities in the grooves. These he said put the gun's own, individual mark on every bullet. The other sketch illustrated the marking of a bullet due to, wear and tear of the gun barrel. wound up with the flat, unequivocal statement: "I am certain that this pistol is the weapon which fired the fatal shot." Link in Evidence Chain That statement was one of the strongest links in the chain by which the state was dragging Gangster Danny Donahue to the electric chair.

How does a pistol sign its maker's name? "Every small arms maker patterns the inside of his pistol barrels differently," Goddard testified. "Every barrel has grooves to give the bullet POLlCfc OAMU 0OA9tfUt a twist in its flight. These grooves are of different number or twist more sharply or less sharply witn dinerent makes. The grooves mark every bullet going through the barrel. Here nre the marks on this bullet.

We measure the marks and we know the name of the maker of the weapon through which the bullet was dis charged." How does pistol pui lis own individual mark in addition to its name upon the bullet? Goddard answered that by going into the details of gun barrel making. He showed barrels in different unfinished states and the tools used in boring them and in putting in the grooves. no two Are Aiuie "No two cutting tools can be ex actly alike," he said. "Each must have Its little saw toothed edges dif ferent from every other, see the saw teeth on this photograph of a blade taken with a microscope? Those lit tle teeth mark each groove differently. There ars no two groove even in one gun exaciiy aiute.

jujq tC T.JH CLOTHES these little differences in the grooves make these other little differences of the lines on the outside of the bullet. It is really Goddard testified that he had been a small arms consulting expert for 20 years. Here is "how good he is," as revealed by what lawyers call "qualifying testimony" yesterday He is a bachelor of arts and a doctor of medicine, receiving both degrees from Johns Hopkins. He taught a year at Hopkins and another year at Cornell. He also was graduated from the Army School for Surgeons.

For 10 years he was In the army and had the rank of major and now is a lieutenant coionel of ordnance in reserve. He has been consulted by both the state and the treasury departments of the federal government in homicide cases, and works with the Bureau of Standards in fixing small arms standards. He has testified in "half the states of the United States" and after he had named most of the countries of Europe and had reached India as governments for whom he had done work, Defense Counsel Matten "He's competent," said Mat ten. rf He named technical magazines and scientific societies no one in the court room had ever heard of. He wrote SOME FOLKS" Say It Can't Be Done See Jack Lehmans Ad on Page 21 1 1 1 1 Randall Tropicals $15 Why pay marc when the faultless stylo and guaranteed worsteds in Randall Clothea No'matter what price you pay, you can't buy more perfectly developed style than you get in Randall Clothes.

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