Oakland Tribune from Oakland, California • 72

mm lots Face Viet SAMs and Thirst 1967 i i weapoa alt: of the pilots refer his Flto'figijterrbomber from the Royal Thai Air Force Base at Korat, northeast of Bang- have it in their sights," anoth-erpilotsaid "They-had -to pull off slow and exposed." defense does not prevent the "air attacks on the'TTOrmTTF makes them difficult and es. based on second hand sources, BunnTervTewswith military responsible for the By ORR-KELLY WASHINGTON Pilots in thJultir war againstNorth Vietnam invariably 1-ence a terrible dryness in Rok, said, a bomb hung up on his plane during an attack on tne Doumer bridge in Hanoi in mid-AujgusT 'I had choice of dropping i in aowmown nanoi "'Q fridges, railroads and high-ting out oflhere fast or drag- Frequently, the goal is ging it out wi me to a safe (o train -or area. I brought out, he Qy C(jlting rails "or the road in front and "I've, watched guys pull off a target because they didn't Continued Page 25F, Coll For Professional Results at DO-IT-YOURSELF Rent a BISSELL Electric Rug Shampooer! You can deep clean your rugs and carpets with professional results and low, low with a Bissell Electric Rug Shampooer and Bissell Rug Shampoo. $1)00 It's the quick easy, economical way tp ijito clean your ugs. No deposit necessary See Your Authorized Rent and Save Dealer Today! to with an.

awe bordering on reverence perhaps because, if they are luckyTtheycarTseeTr coming. "Tf I sef one xoirLUiLl.fljye then pull straight up, said one pilot aboard the Constellation. "If I'm lucky, it will follow me down and then explode while I'm going up." This works fairly well if the SMs are fired one at a time. It is hard to snot them all if they come in a barrage. A crewman who flies in the rear seat of a Navy F4 Phantom said he caught a quick i our of control.

I thought the war was oyer for me glimpse of a SM over his right shoulder on one mission and called to the pilot in the front seat, But it was too late to take evasive action. "We flew right through this big orange cloud. We came out with a lot of holes and out of control." he said. I thought the-war wa nver for me. But the pilot managed to pull it out and we got back." The great danger from the SAM is that the quick dive that gives the.

pilot a chance to evade the missile brings him into the thickest concentration of anti-aircraft fire. If his plane is hit. at least half the rredit probably should go to the SAM that missed. The fourth element in the air defense system is the small force of North Vietnamese MIG fighter planes. By themselves, they are not a major threat, and many U.S.

fighter pilots wish they would come up more often to fight. But they pick off stragglers, force bombers to jettison bombs before reaching the target or lure American planes into murderous concentrations of anti-aircraft fire. Although this coordinated Although attention centers on big raids close to Hanoi -andHaiph6ng. the great j)ulk of the bombing is aimed at ro1 iHiroltr cm i1 1 trtft ItUo luauvciy on i an iaii.c;u3 unc mm THURSDAY TIL 9 pensive. Since the bomhing of North? Vietnam began in February "of 1965.

the United States has lost 723 fixed-wing planes and i helicopters over the north. About 1.000 crewmen have been shot down over the north Of these, about one- third have been rescued, and nearly 100 are believed to have lost their lives. Something over 100 are believed to have been eaptured. and the -other are listed as missing. Planes used in the air war are assumed to be worth about $1 million apiece.

This would bring the cost of the lost planesrHfKjiearJy three-quarters of a billion Although both pilots and planes are difficult and expensive to replace, the cost of the air ar in planes and men lost is relatively low when compared with the $2 billion a month cost of the Vietnam war and the total death toll which, so far this year, has averaged 177 a week. The United States has not been reluctant to put its very best new weapons into the attacks on the north. The walleye missile, which is guided by television to its target, has recently been introduced with considerable success and the Air Force reportedly is" preparing to use its brand new Fill fighter-bomber early -next year The bombing is the most heavily concentrated in the history of warfare. Hanoi has succeeded to a considerable extent in equating the bombing of the north with the deliberate bombing of cities and civilian populations by both sides in World War II. Reporters are not permitted to fly on combat missions over the north and only a few Western reporters have been permitted to visit North Vietnam, so a judgment on the nature of the bombins must be 1 Super Value Red Fox Market Harold's Market Entby Foods 1 Hackman's Hardware Short Stop 17 Harold's Market fleltjie Market Willies Market Island Market Haveoscourt liauers New Island Market The Hardware Mart Williams Hardware Yale Market Imperial Market Freeway Variety Vat Super Market Lakeshorg Hardware Grand lake Hardware Ellis Hardware T.OH.

Supply Co. Simon Hardware KAY CHESTERFIELD MFG.CO. Fino Custom furnltr A Upholstering lne1921 OAKLAND OPEN MONDAY their rnouths as they head toward their targets. Soine carry plastic baby bottles. They slip the nipple Under the edge of their oxygen masks and squeeze enough water into their mouths lo gain relief without relaxing' the vigilance on which their lives depend.

The dryness is a symptom of a well-justified fear of the most sophisticated air defense system ever employed. According to pilots who fly day after day against the north, the defense system is an intricately coordinated effort to keep them away from their assigned targets and to knock them out oHhky. It succeeds often enough to be extremely dangerous. it doesn't succeed entirely is due to constantly re-' vised tactics and increasingly effective methods of counteracting North Vietnamese radar. The system goes into effect the moment aircraft leave then- carriers the Gulf of Tonkin, in view of Russian trawlers that shadow the earners night and day.

Early-warning radar aJong the coast gives an indication of what targets the planes are headed for. As the planes, either from fiie carriers at Yankee Station -or from ground bases hi South Vietnam or Thailand, near their targets, they are met by a barrage of anti-aircraft weapons designed to thwart them no matter what altitude they fly. From the ground up to about 4.000 feet, nfle and machinegun fire fills the air. Navy pilots interviewed on the earner Constellation and Air Force pilots interviewed in Thailand say it is tantamount to suicide to venture below 4.000 feet over any heavily defended area of North Viet- nam. The sky from 4.000 feet up to about 12.000 feet is defended primarily by 57 and 85 mm anti-aircraft guns.

It is these guns that shoot down most of fiie planes lost over the north, but it would be a mistake to say they are the most effective element of the air defense system. They are just one part of a coordinated while. The major threat above 12.000 feet comes from the surface-to-air missile SAMi. a radar-guided rocket that looks to the pilot like a flying 1 on Although SAils-haveccountedJor-only-l a small percentage of the planes shot down, this is the Too do have a choice. You can let your hair continue to get thinner and "thinner or you can combat the focal causes of abnormal hair-fall -with the modern, proved Thomas treatment technique.

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