Oakland Tribune from Oakland, California • 20

rttoe Serial puj? HOME OWNED, CONTROLLED, EDITED i lick amyone iMe Housed US. Vietnam Goals Remain Obscure 18 TUESDAY, JULY 25, 1967 By ORR KELLY Prescription for Stalemate Despite its proven failure, the Johnson Administration apparently is going to continue-the negative defensive strategy that has cost so many casualties and yielded so little positive results in prop, for i 'AN gg! Editor't Note: Tkt followint views art those of tkt autkor and are presented ktrt to givt readers a variety of viewpoints. Tkt Tribune's opinions art ex pYessed only in editorials. WASHINGTON The latest round of decision-making on the Vietnam war, which wound up with a press conference Jn the living quarters of the White House, has left an uncomfortable feeling here that people still don't have a what's going on over there. This feeling has surfaced jagain and again in the course of the war, expressed in an attempt always futile, as it has turned out to but some It is hardly surprising that top military professionals in the Pentagon are reported to be vigorously opposed to this new attempt to further hamstring their strategic planning.

The whole idea of the defeatist "defensive enclave" theory that was bandied about year or so ago and rejected. Six years of defensive war has failed to convince Ho CM Minh that he is not going to be permitted to take South Vietnam by force. He isn't likely to be convinced until the very existence of his dictatorship in the north is at stake That can never be accomplished by defensive strategy the Johnson Admin-istratioh has followed: If this country had followed the same tactics in World War II, we could never have defeated Nazi Germany and Japan. Instead of repeatedly reassuring Ho that the Communist sanctuary Jnthe north is secure from meaningful air at- Vietnam. That the only conclusion one can reach from the incredible report that U.S.

forces will be directed to clear a sort of "jungle Maginot Line" along the so-called Demilitarized Zone that divides North and South Vietnam. This 600-yard strip, cleared of plant growth and structures, is aimed at giving Marine forces occupying that area a clear line of fire to stop Communist troops infiltrating from North Vietnam through the DMZ. Since the Marines were prohibited from launching a decisive counter-attack at the source of this infiltration, there was some justification for the initial H-mile barrier in front of the defensive positions manned by U.S. forces. But to extend this barrier arther In land, into roueh mountain territory.

tack and ground assault, we should, stop wouia simpiy commit a suDsianuax pan of America's fighting forces indefinitely kind of a simple label on the' war. It's" as though some immense satisfaction could be' obtained if we could only point to what's bothering us and giveitaname. In recent weeksr the ques- tion has been asked whether the present war situation can be described as a "stalemate." Gen. William C. Defense Secretary-Robert S.

McNamara and almost everyone else who cares to be quoted publicly has, predictably, replied that, whatever it is, it isn't that. Another labeling attempt was the phrase, "war of attrition," which Westmoreland himself used in a speech in April. But, perhaps because the phrase has picked up some unpleasant connotations in the last three months, McNamara now" insists that it isn't a "war of attrition," either. --This pressure to put a name on whatever it is that's happening in Vietnam may go back to World War II, when we had a simple word for aavemsing pur strategy, urn mm sweat over what our next move will be. If Johnson Administration spokesmen did not constantly reassure North Vietnam that it needn't fear invasion, Ho -Chi Minh could not afford to send so many infiltrators southward.

He would be forced to have his troops dig defensive fortifications. Unless the United States starts fighting to win, we could be engaged in a defensive war for another six years the very thing Ho Chi Minh and the Communists are counting on. We don't think the American people will stand for that kind of a stalemate and the needless deaths it would cause among bur troops. to a static defensive line that the Communists could attack at their leisure. It would be accepting the prospect of a bloody stalemate along the DMZ and give the Communists the advantage of a potentially decisive military initiative in that area.

Furthermore, it would tie down vast numbers of meif to clear such a strip and even greater numbers to defend those who were engaged in clearing the jungle. At a time when Secretary of Defense Robert McNamara wants to get more, combat use out of, the troops we already have in Vietnam, it is incon-N ceivable this proposal could get serious consideration. LETTERS TO THE FORUM Praises Library been devoted to them. It is called the Latin-American Li- EDITOR: May I make some brary, located at 1457 Fruit-comments and suggestions re- vale. Puerto Rico Votes 'Si' what we wanted.

We wanted "victory" and that meant "unconditional surrender." Measuring the progress toward victory in those days here at home was a simple matter of crossing off spots on The decisive margin by which the nennle of Puerto Rico decided to re incentives to promote industrial growth to provide jobs for its 2.7 million people. tain its commonwealth association with the United States was a solid vote for In the past two decades, more than 1,500 new factories have been attracted tn Puerto Rirn. nreatint an estimated prosperity, Although statehood backers earned g70oo direct jobs and 172,000. indirect a substantial minority vote (nearly 39 jobs. The island's economy-has been FCC's Phone Ruling May Hurt Service garding our library system? The Charles S.

Greene Branch Library at 14th and Grove is one of the architectural treasures of this area. All taxpayers should go to see it. It was built at the turn of the century when the dollar was worth 100 cents and arti- sans could spend months- on fine wood paneling and conn- thian columns. The modern lighting fixtures, however, cut across the lower part of the beautiful Matthews murals. Surely a little ingenuity on the part of lighting experts could have avoided this.

Then there are all those aged men who sit in this branch day after day reading newspapers and creating the atmosphere of a flop-house. The city administration should find a warm, comfortable room for them near the li- brarv and. the library could supply their reading material. Recently The Tribune criticized the library system in an editorial and perhaps it was somewhat justified but you spoke from ignorance in mentioning a lack of service to our Spanish-American i i-zens. An entire branch has growmg at the rate of 8 or 9 per cent a year.

The chief argument against statehood now was that it could end those tax incentives before the island's economy was sufficiently developed to assume the responsibility of statehood. per cent), more than three out of every five voters want to continue for the Immediate future the associated free state status that is credited with spurring Puerto Rico's phenomenal economic growth. Under this system, Puerto Ricans are ITS riti7ens and retain virtually com a map of the Pacific or watch-Jng the dotted lines moving "across the face of Europe, although at the fronts the business of crossing off the spots or moving the lines was often difficult and bloody. In Vietnam, course, there is no such simple way to measure progress. McNamara was encouraged, during his five-day visit to Vietnam, to see that traffic was moving more, freely on some of the roads a measure of progress.

But he was careful to add that it doesn't move freely all of the time, nor as freely in the dark as it does in the daylight. Instead of "victory" or "unconditional surrender," the goal in this war has been described by Secretary of State Dean Rusk as an attempt to "get the other side to, stop doing what they are Any attempt to measure progress toward the U. S. in these terms', is bound to be mislead jngJbeaMewaxeaJmojL forced to concentrate most of our attention on the U.S. effort with very little information on its effects.

It is likely, in fact, that, if the United States does finally achieve its goal, it will not be announced with any fanfare or even ratified at a conference table. Instead, it will simply happen. We will suddenly, or perhaps gradually, note that the other side has, in fact, stopped doing what it has been doing. Thus, still without being able to put a simple label on what is happening in Vietnam, it is possible to narrow th? questions to be answered in the next few months to these two: Will the United States and its allies be able to make the planned increase in troop strength? Will the Viet Cong and the North Vietnamese be able and willing to match that buildup? Copyright 1M7, Th Washington Star HAZLITT other industry. It must therefore be able to earn and to offer investors a return comparable with that offered by investment in other industries, relative risks considered.

Contrary to common impression, it has not over the long run been doing that. In the 20-year period from 1946 to 1965, dividends per-share increased much less than the average of those of the 125 leading industrial companies or of the 24 utility companies listed in Moody's compilations. In the same period the market price per share of has gone up less than Moody's 24 utilities arid much less than the 125 industrial average. In view of some comparisons that can be made, the" may even have understated the return it needs to maintain its efficiency and expansion. Because of inflation and soaring interest rates, it will have to earn a higher nominal return in the future than it has in the past, if it is to continue to compete for capital and investors' confidence.

.1 If the FCC persists in its hostile attitude, it can impose on our telephone system the same stagnation that the ICC has imposed on railroads. The great problem that! the; FCC has apparently ignored is it is going to puf a tight ceiling on earnings regardless of innovation and efficiency, what incentive will it leave for innovation, expansion and efficiency? Copyright 1947, Lot Angelii Timti HERE ARE ADDRESSES OF NATIONAL AND STATE LEGISLATORS U.S. Senators Striate Oftlct Building, Waihirnton. O.C.. JOJ10.

San. Thooiaa H. Kuchtl, Sn. Gaorga Murprty. Congraumafi Houtt Offlc Building, Washington, D.C..

J05I5. Rap. Jaffary Cohalan, 7th DlttrH tap-raiantlng Albany, Barkalay, EmtryvMla, Pladmonr pod part at Oakland! Rap. baorg Millar, 1th, raprawntlng Aia- parts of Oakland and San loranioj Rap. Don Edward), fth, raprawntlng Hay ward, Framont, Newark, Union City, Llvermor, Pltaianfon, San Ramon and part of San Loremo In Alameda County, and trie northeaitarn halt of Santa Clara County; Rep.

Jerome Waldie, Uth, representing Contra Costa County, State Senators and Asiemblymen State Capitol, Sacramento, 95001. Alameda County State senators art Ittt District, Lewis F. Sherman; lltri. Nicholas C. Petrls; lath, Clark Sradley.

The Itfi and 11 Districts covtr the same area, with Sherman and Petrls representing all of Alameda County except Castro Valley, Llvermore, and Pleasen-ton. Those communities and a large section of Santa Clara County are repre-sinted by Bradley, Assemblymen pre Carlos Bet, IJttl District; Robert W. Crown, 1lh; Mrs. March K. Pong, IJrhi Don Mulford, lfh John J.

Miller, 17Th. Contra Costa County State Senator, 7th District, Oaorge Millar Jr. Assem. Wymen James w. Dent, ion, District; John T.

Knox, 11th. But the most significant aspect of the plete control over the island's internal government. The United States controls 1 1 -1 1 2 plebiscite was choice, more xoreign iraae, aeiense anu. mreign eu-fairs. This partnership has been the vehicle for Puerto Rico's "Operation Bootstrap," an industrial promotion program that has lifted the island's per capita in- xnx 4h 0)1 fWlA a raar marV Tha ers chose to continue merto itico close political arid economic ties with the U.S., either as a commonwealth or as a state.

The noisy but fractional independence movement suffered a possibly fatal defeat. It received less than one per cent of the vote. Puerto Rico has demonstrated that it regards itself as a healthy, developing partner within the U.S. political system. commonwealth status permits U.Sjcor-porations to operate on the island without paying federal taxes and the local government also grants generous tax Common Front Against Violence WASHINGTON REPORTS At our Jack London Branch at 3140 San Pablo a science club has been organized.

All of the members are Negro boys. The California Room in our Main Library is known by researchers of Californiana thrmicrhmif this rnnntrv nnrf Department in that has the lareest collection of pictures and prints in the west. Libraries are the backbone of the cultural community and we can be proud of much in our library system. But tfiese things receive little or no publicity. I am attempting' in this letter to rectify that a bit.

MRS. JOHN K. DuMONT, i Piedmont. Tax Jolt EDITOR: I see that we, the small property tax owners, are to get another tax jolt State and county officials get a pay raise. We get a tax raise.

Our forefathers did not beg for lower taxes. They had a tea party. CHARLES PETERSON, Oakland. By ROSCOE DRUMMOND NAACP backed up Senator Brooke's view without reservation. Its resolution condemning the riot and calling upon "all law-abiding citizens of both races to act promptly and sternly to put down such violence" was not passed just -overwhelmingly; it was passed unanimously.

What is crucial is to build a wider common front to do at every level of government from slum ghetto to city hall to Congress and the White House more of what needs to be done to reduce Negro poverty, to better Negro education and job-- training, and to improve Negro living conditions. These conditions do not justify resort to violence, but we must break the vicious circle in which the Negro' poor feel that the only way they can get attention is by rioting and more and more whites turn 1 against what needs to be done because of the rioting. However 4 understandable, the white resistance born of the rioting to doing what is needed to deal faithfully with the Negro poor is self-defeating. by Brickmon House Moves to Halt Cotton Egypt Police Helped On Sunday, 'July-9, we lost one of our little boys; in Lakeside Park, Larry, who is only 2J4. After we searched without results, we notified the Oakland police.

Within minutes there was a patrol car at our disposal to drive around looking for him. The officers were extremely courteous and reassuring. Their calmness did much to alleviate our distress. In a very short time, we heard over the radio that Larry had been found. A very kind family had turned him over to an officer who cared for him until we arrived.

To that family and the police officers, we would like to say thank you so much for finding our little boy. We were impressed by the quiet efficiency of the Oakland police and we have nothing but praise for them. DR. and MRS. R.

L. SMITH, Pinole. The Forum is always open to all reasonable opinion. Brief, typewritten, signed letters are accepted. This is the vicious circle which must be broken, for Senator Brooke is assuredly right when he says that, if any arm of government "out of fear or anger continues to choose the path of inaction, racial violence in the United.

States will not only continue, it will recur with increasing intensity." New Jersey Governor Richard Hughes is completely accurate and profoundly misleading in saying that the Newark rioting was not a "civil rights protest" but a "criminal insurrection." It is true that the violence did not spring up merely because some constitutional civil right had been denied, but it was racial uprising and it does not help one whit to pretend otherwise. We need to keep in mind: That the racial problem in the Cities where the sparks of violence are close to the surface is not primarily a matter of extending equal legal rights; that's been done. That the real racial problem is long accumulated, long unredressed wrongs which are the inherited blight of slavery and unequal opportunity after slavery. There is white poverty, but Negro poverty is worse. There is unemployment among whites, but far more unemployment among Negroes.

Educational opportunity leaves many Negroes unequipped to live and work in today's complex, skill-required society. Government at every level has a special obligation and a high-priority need to help the Negro poor help themselves because equal opportunity has been so long denied them. (DlilrlMJ 1M7, Publlihn-Hill Syndlctft) the fact that given a free than 99 per cent of the vot- PAUL gene Rostow expounded this claim at length to the House Agriculture Committee. He got short shrift from Chairman Poage and from Representative Mo i who has been battling the State De-" partment for years over large-scale imports of Egyptian extra long staple cotton. "Your position is unsound," Poage told Rostow.

"In my judgment the way to get peo-people to respect the U.S. is to make it costly to insult us." Morris contended the time has come for the U.S. to become self sufficient in this type of cotton which, he pointed out, can readily be achieved. The only reason it isn't is a 1939 law limiting production to 70,500 acres in "four states Texas, Arizona, California and New Mexico. (DMrlbuttd 1M1, Pvbliihtrt-Hall lyndlMt) Sales By HENRY Editor's Note: Tkt following views are those of tkt autkor and art presented here to givt readers a variety of viewpoints.

The Tribune's opinions art expressed only in editorials. The Federal Communications Commission has ordered the American Telephone and Telegraph Company to reduce its rates for interstate telephone service by $120 million a year. This order willhurt not only that company, but" public utilities in general. In fact, if the FCC adheres to its. decision and the shortsighted reasoning on which it was based, it will hurt the very telephone users in whose interest the commission ostensibly acted.

The American telephone service has been the admiration and envy of the world. That service is vital not only for home users, but for business and national defense. The Bell system has developed or participated in scores technological innovations from the transistor and new tronic switching systems to satellite circuits, "Picture-phones" and new computer systems. This service has been supplied at surprisingly reasonable rates. Since 1940 the general price level has gone up 163 per cent, but over-all tele-phone rates have increased only about 14 per cent.

Moreover, interstate rates have dropped 7 per cent in the last decade and are more than 20 per cent lower than in 1940. Yet 20 months ago the FCC portentously announced that it would make an elaborate inquiry into the costs, capital and profit structure of the And now, after 13,500 pages of hearings, it has come up with the 114-page finding that the company is charging too much and that it is entitled to a return on its investment of only 7 to 7.5 per cent in its interstate and foreign business; 1 The company has recently been earning about 8 per cent on that business. It argued that it ought to have this return and be able to earn in a range between 7.5 and 8.5 per This seems at first glance a difficult question for a layman to decide. Pinpoint precision is obviously impossible In determining what any rate of return ought to be. But it is not impossible to say what the criterion of such a rate ought to be.

The telephone system must crmpete for capital with all Editor's Note: Tkt views art tkost of tkt autkor and art presented kere to five read-ers a variety of viewpoints. The Tribune's opinions art expressed only in editorials. WASHINGTON Despite the Newark race riots, there is a wide Negro and white co mmo front against violence. Responsible 0 and white leaders join in totally condemning this rioting as evil, purposeless, and self-destructive and completely reject it as of value to anybody. Responsible Negro and white leaders are equally aware that this violence does not flare up without a cause and that, if we let anger deter us from dealing' with the causes, we will be piling up tinder which somebody will light.

Just before the violence broke in Newark, Sen. Edward W. Brooke of Massachusetts spoke for the best in all of us not just for his race, in warning that "riots and violence are the mortal not the servants, of the civil rights movement." And both the leadership and the membership of the By ROBEkT ALLEN and "strenuous Administration opposition. If the measure can be brought before the full House, it is certain of equally overwhelming adoption. That's what the Johnson Administration is trying to prevent by vigorous backstage maneuvering and pressuring.

As a consequence, a head-on Clash has developed between the Administration and a powerful coalition of Republicans and Democrats that sponsored the legislation and put it through the Agriculture Committee over vehement State Department dissent. Graphically Indicative of the nature and significance of this behind the scenes struggle are the number and importance of the measure's sponsors. Seventeen Democrats and eight' Republicans joined In introducing the bill. In the Senate a similar bill also has influential bipartisan sponsorship, including Senators Clinton Anderson, chairman, Aeronautics and Space Committee, and Paul Fannin, Labor Committee. Despite Nasser's long record of virulent hostility toward and provocative denunciations of the U.S:, the Administration is basing its opposition to the bipartisan legislation on the argument it would hamper peace efforts in the strife-torn Middle East, and strengthen Soviet designs to dominate the Arabs.

Undersecretary of State Eu Editor" Not: Tkt followint vitws art those of tkt anthori and art presented ktrt It tlvt rtairrt a variety of viewpoints. Tkt Tribunal opinion art tx prtsstd only tditorialt. The Johnson Administration is quietly doing its utmost to block House consideration of a bipartisan bill to cut off imports of extra long staple cotton that since 1959 have netted Gamal Nasser more than $200 million. Last year these Imports exceeded 44,000 bales for some $15 million. No official figures are avail-able on how much was shipped here this year prior to Nasser's severing diplomatic relations on the phony charge that the U.S.

aided Israel in the smashing defeat of his air force and army. It is estimated Egyptian sales were around 20,000 Vet Ism If no legislative barrier is enacted, the way will remain open for Nasser to continue to unload his cotton for U.S. dollars which he desperately needs. The law permits the tation of 83,000 bales of this specialty cotton annually. Since 1959 Egypt has heavily dominated this market, with sales ranging from 44,000 to 69,000 bales in 1964.

Peru and 1ha KnHan have) ohcnrlwri thft remainder. The bipartisan bill to ban Egypt's imports was approved by the House Agriculture Committee 22 to 2, despite the small society COtf, MAN. JOIN the humam pace WMhtntUft Star Int..