The San Francisco Examiner from San Francisco, California • 144

PAGE 16 1 Letters Science Around the World 1 Aii air accident took the life of 36 persons when an East African Airways jet nosedived at the end of the runway on takeoff at Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, and slid over a cliff. Some 47 persons escaped injury in the worst air disaster in Ethiopian history. A shoot order was given to U.S. warships in the Caribbean to prevent Cuban vessels from seizing the merchant vessels of countries ''friendly" to the U.S. The new instructions stemmed from the seizure by Cuban patrol boats in December.

A Himalayan avalanche killed 15 of 18 members of a South Korean expedition when snow poured into a camp on 26.700 foot Mt. Manaslu in one of the worst tragedies in the history of Himalayan mountain climbing. Pakistan's President Zulfikar Ali Bhutto got a vote of confidence from the National Assembly as the leader, who replaced Yahya Khan at the end of Pakistan's debacle in the war with India, also pledged to lift martial law this week. The Davis Cup tennis tournament, for the third straight year, was closed to South Africa on the grounds that threatened withdrawals would endanger the entire tournament. The ruling was made by the Davis Cub committee in Copenhagen A hijacker, Mario Mainmone of New York, commandeered a Swiss Airlines to Rome, said he was a CIA agent and the son of a Mafia overlord and demanded to see the Pope and the American ambassador.

Impostors helped police capture the man. Turkish Prime Minister NihatErim. reportedly caught between the demands of powerful military leaders and a resentful parliament, handed in his third resignation to President Cevdet Sunay in Ankara, and it was accepted. "State of Internal War" was declared by Uruguay for a 30-day period to combat Tupamaros left-wing guerrillas after a burst of killing left three persons and eight guerrillas dead. A chess championship between the U.S.'s Bobby Fischer and Russia's Boris Spassky seemed unlikely after the International Chess Federation said that Fischer had refused to play for the world title in either Belgrade or Reykjavik.

Iran's earthquake of April 10 now counted an official death toll of 5000 in 41) villages in southern Iran, the army reported. Another 1300 were injured. South African Dean, the Very Rev. Gonville French-Heytagh, convicted undei South Africa's Terrorism Act last year and given a five-year sentence, was freed alter an appeal court reversed the decision for the 60-year-old Anglican dean of ILL FROM a gall bladder operation two months ago, Japan's Nobel Prize winning novelist, Yasunari Ka-wabata, 72, committed suicide by inhaling gas in his suburban Tokyo apartment, 17 months after the suicide of his celebrated disciple, Yukio Mishima. makers of Zactane, Wyeth Laboratories.

But in Indianapolis, Eli Lilly which manufactures Darvon, announced that it was studying the methods used in the Mayo study and might have astatement forthcoming shortly. RELIGION The Bishops and Population Growth At their last meeting, in the fall of 1971, the nation's Roman Catholic hierarchy of bishops had declared that the war in Vietnam no longer could be called a "just war." At their latest three-day meeting in Atlanta last weekend, the emphasis was different. In addition to disposing of assorted administrative matters, the Atlanta convention concentrated its energy in denunciations of the recently released report of the Presidential Commission on MEDICINE Aspirin Gets a Big Plug It was in 1898 that the giant German pharmaceutical firm Bayer Farberrfa-briken developed a cough suppressant which it trade-named "Heroin." One year later, the same firm's prolific research laboratory produced another pain-killing drug which it called "Aspirin." In the 70-odd years that followed Bayer's brainchild had been challenged by any number of analgesic (pain-relieving) drugs. But last week, no less an authority than the prestigious Mayo Clinic pronounced plain aspirin was still the best and least expensive pain killed among all common drugs. The report, prepared by a Mayo investigative team headed by Drs.

Charles Moerte and David Ahmann, both cancer specialists at the Rochester clinic, was published in the current issue of the New England Journal of Medicine. It came on the heels of an announcement by the Federal Trade Commission that it planned to investigate the advertising claims of nonprescription analgesic drugs. Cancer Patients Financed in part by a research grant from the National Institutes of Health (the research arm of the U.S. Public Health Service), the Mayo team selected 57 cancer patients to help determine the effectiveness of aspirin and other pain-relievers, including prescription drugs. All of the patients in the study had "significant pain" from cancer of the abdomen and pelvic regions.

The patients were given a variety of analgesics along with placebos harmless sugar and water pills all of which were prepared in identical capsules so the patient would not know what he was getting. The investigators reported that they found aspirin was the superior agent for relief of cancer pain among oral analgesics including the popular and widely used Darvon, which was found to be not significantly better than the harmless dummy placebo. Matter of Cost Furthermore, the researchers noted that aspirin frequently costs less than $1 per hundred doses of two five-grain tablets (650 milligrams), compared to such prescription drugs as Darvon, which could run $9.50 per 100 tablets, and Zactane, which cost about $7.40 per 100 tablets though neither "showed a significant advantage over placebo, and both were significantly inferior to aspirin." No comment was immediately available from the Population Growth and the American Future. The 24 members of the commission, after two years of research, had concluded the U.S. ought to follow policies giving priority to the "quality" of life rather than its "quantity," and that the individual's freedom of choice should be "maximized." 'A Confined View' In a 750-word retort, the bishops took umbrage at the commission's recommendations as "beset with inconsistencies" and suffering from "a confined view of the inherent value of every person." Their statement, drawn up by a committee headed by Terence Cardinal Cooke, declared: "We take serious exception to the general approach taken by this commission that is, to equate quality of life simply with a lower rate of population growth, on the grounds that a smaller number of people will result in greater affluence and material comfort for all "Experience has already taught us that our social problems poverty, disease, injustice and violence are not solved merely by population decrease but require a change of heart and reordering of priorities tor the entire nation." Especially they challenged the commission's view that abortion on demand was an accepted social policy, "particularly when the child's prospects for a life of dignity and self-fulfillment are limited." Dissenting Voice A few bishops attempted to broaden the statement to include comment on the threats to human life posed by aspects of American policy in Vietnam.

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