The Ottawa Citizen from Ottawa, Ontario, Canada • 6

lift i The Ottawa Citizen An mdependi-n: newspaper, founded 1S44 unknown Lust of the real Horsels 't An Eskimo group since this century start W. Southam Publisher Christopher Young Editor Bv Thomas Dmibabin become the first Sin.onie Michael of Baffin Island has just Territories Council. Kkimii tn hp elected to the Northwest Justice and judicial inquiries 4.v MmtL W'W'i tion of the law. The royal commission procedure is so flexible and convenient that occasionally, in the face of insistent demand, the government finds itself forced to provide, in addition to the usual parliamentary controls, a further method of inquiry into its own conduct or into that of its subordinate officials Surely the case against inquiries of this kind is here put succinctly, even if that was not the intention of the authors. These commissions are "convenient," they are set up in response to "insistent demand" (for which may be read "political Expediency and political pressure are hardly the basis on which justice should be sought.

It is significant that the three judicial inquiries of the past two years, starting with the Dorion inquiry, wen-set up by a minority government that faced defeat unless the commissions were established. The proper method in all these cases would have been for the accusers to go to the police with their information and ask that charges be laid: or for Parliament itself to look into cases of misconduct, where this was considered necessary. Parliament and those with information involving criminal activities abdicate their responsibilities when they insist on the ''convenient" procedure of a judicial inquiry, a free-wheeling hearing in which the reputations of innocent men cannot be given proper safeguard. A review of the Inquiries Act, and its amendment, should be Following the report by Mr. Justice Sptnce on the Munsinger case, it would be worth Parliament's time to review the Inquiries Act, to see whether it should not be amended.

Should royal commissions be set up to deal with issues that involve criminal matters or administrative misconduct0 A basic principle of justice is at stake. A judicial hearing is a quasi-trial. But whole witnesses are called, examined and cross-examined, the rules of evidence that govern the courts do not apply. Consequently, innocent reputations may be blackened, false links between the guilty and the innocent may be inferred, documents may enter into the record when they have not been proved. The entire procedure goes against every instinct of justice.

Mr. Davie Fulton rejected the Spence inquiry findings as "the opinion of one man." He might just as readily have rejected the findings of the Dorion inquiry into the Rivard case, or the Wells inquiry into the Spencer case. For the risks of holding inquiries by commissioners in cases that should properly have been settled through the courts or Parliament were equal in all instances. Mr. Justice Spence did not come to grips with this fundamental question, for obvious reasons: he was not required to.

But he did quote a monograph by Clokie and Robinson, published in 1937, which said: "Royal commissions have continually been appointed for the purpose of making investigations into the administra This can never happen to any descendant of the race of Eskimos that lived for long ages on neighboring Southampton Island. This race ha; been extinct fur 59 years. The Sadlermiuts of Southampton died out in 1907, in the 40th year of Confederation. Sir John A. Macdonald was 14 when Nancy, the last of Beothuks, the original "Bed Indians." of Newfoundland, died in Mr.

Pearson was a boy of 10 and Mr. Diefenbaker was 12 when (he last sad survivors of the Sadlermiuts died exile fmn their home island. The Sadurniiuts lived away north of Hudson Bay, near the Arctic Circle, European navigators touched at Southampton moie than years ago. None seems to have seen any of the islanders until 1824. Caught from whalers These E.

kimos had bw.n living on Southampton for ages. Excavations show that 'he island had been inhabited for at leas; 2.ikki years. They appear to have been in occasional contact with other Eskimos, but for the most part they lived in a world (if their own. After all, Southampton has an area of 15,700 square miles. It is nearly seven times as large as P.

E. I. and not much smaller than Nova Scotia. The Beothuks of Newfoundland had an island nearly three times as large, but that not help them. It was not starvation but disease that killed out the Sadlermiuts.

In the winter of 1902-3 some unknown disease, presumably caught fiom the American or Scots whalers, swept away almost all the Sadlermiuts. One woman and four children survived the winter. They were removed to the mainland and sent to live with other Eskimos. In 1907 two children were still alive. Nothing more was ever heard of these two poor waifs.

The whaleis who knew them in the second half of the 19th century describe the Sadlemiuts as a bold and hardy race. Until the whalers came to the coast they lived in the Stone Age. making their tools and weapons of stone. They were mighty hunters of the whale and killed large whalebone whales. For the rest they hunted ti seal and the walrus on the sea and the caribou on the land.

In the summer the island sw armed with birds swans, geese and smaller migrants. Left to themselves, the Sadlermiuts might have gone on living happily for centuries. And what is known of their dealings with the whalers suggests that but for the fatal disease they could in time have fitted well into the world of the white men. It has been suggested that the Sadlermiuts were the last survivors oi the Eskimos of the ancient Dorset culture. Excavations have shown that the Dorset Eskimos once lived on the island.

Skeletons discovered "Anybody knon hotc long a lady-in-tvaiting has to trail: Letters to the editor Disputes claims of medical director The need for recreation areas with Expo '67 and bilin-gualism. The frustration that Miss Woodfield felt in Montreal due to the predominance of the French language on the site of Expo '67 will probably turn out to be a good experience for her. She will be in a better position from now on to understand not only the frustration, but the indignation of a great many French speaking Canadians visiting Ottawa and not only finding a predominance but a quasi exclusive use of the English language in the capital city, seat of the bilingual federal government of ours. MAURICE PERRIER Gatineau, P.Q. Southampton Island was Thomas I he iii'si European to see who named New Wales to the square mile area already owned by the province on the North shore of Lake Huron and Georgian Bay.

Prof. Xorman Patterson, of the University of Waterloo, suggested that some sections be left as wilderness and others turned into resorts, with the government owning cottages and leasing them to vacationers. There is nothing wrong with private enterprise developing holiday resorts. However, some areas should be reserved for people who cannot afford the prices or who are interested only in a day's expedition into the country. In the United States, Interior Secretary Udall was able to report the other day that more acreage is now being turned into parks, recreation areas and wildlife refuges than is being swallowed up by urban development, highway construction and industrial development.

This is an example which Canada could profitably follow. Button, tne Welsh navigator wet of Hudson Bay. II? wa The Ontario legislature's select committee on conservation was told recently that developers and speculators, some from the United States, were buying up large tracts of land in vacation areas. The implication was that if this trend continued, there would be fewer and fewer places to which the general public could go. The committee and, indeed, the provincial government should pay heed to this warning.

Already, large stretches of the shoreline of Lakes Ontario and Erie are privately owned and public recreation areas are limited. Certainly the sections open to the public should not be allowed to decrease still further, and steps should be taken to ensure that even in the remotest corners of the province, there will always be some parts to which everyone has access. An imaginative proposal was made recently for the development of a Editor, Citizen: In answer to a letter of Sept. 23. sent by the department of health unit, Carleton County, I as a parent of a child recently attending public school No.

10. Osgoode Township, feel the statements made were unjust to all us parents. We know that recommendations were made by the department of energy and resources to our school board (after our complaint) that the following steps be taken to rectify hazardous heating unit in No. 10 school: 1. Oil furnace must have 4-inch hollow blocks under it, as furnace is not safe as now installed on wood flooring, i Flooring is saturated with fuel oil.) 2.

All combustible material must be 24 inches from front of burner. (Combustible material now only 2 inches from burner) 3. Chimney requires a clean-out door. 4. Furnace is unsafe above only door.

5. A second exit should be provided. 6. Strongly suggest that item No. 1 be corrected at once or discontinue using unit.

Is this not enough evidence of fire hazard, or fire trap if you like? It was also stated that an inspection was made by a qualified public health inspector of the school grounds, and no poison ivy was found. Some parents went down to there in 1612, but saw no affront i Northwest) Foxe in 1631. But inhabitants. Nor did Luke Cartoon an Editor, Citizen: This letter is the editorial and the gro- in reference to page of Sept. 22 caii a car- tesque attront vou the school yard and took samp-ples of a suspicious weed from three different areas in the school yard.

These samples were taken to a department of agriculture office, examined by the agriculture representative, and identified positively as poison ivy. Now we know we didn't pick all the poison ivy; there was lots there when we left. Our complaint was with the condition of the grounds and the fire hazard. If it wasn't a just complaint, why was school closed down? M. H.

COTTERCHIO Greely, Ont. Official prying Editor, Citizen: I was interested in your article "U.S. bill aims to end absurd, offensive prying" (Citizen, Sept. 24). This sort of thing is not limited to the Great Society to the south.

It exists even in our own government. In 1963 when I joined the department of external affairs I was required to complete a series of personality tests, one of which was a questionnaire containing a number of questions quite similar to those asked of Peace Corps volunteers. Just how can one be expected to answer a statement such as "My sex life is satisfactory," with a simple unqualified yes or no especially if you are not married? Such a question is extremely loaded, and whether your answer be negative or affirmative, a great deal could be implied from it. I resigned from the government several months ago, so I don't know whether this sort of ridiculous testing still exists. If it does, it shouldn't.

A person's sex habits, financial interests, religious faith and such are strictly his own business. If they are irrelevant to the job, then anyone prying into them should be told curtly, and with feeling, to go to hell! CLIFF ALLAN Ottawa. Foxe's men reported that they had come upon a number of graves. The skeletons, the seamen told Foxe, were in rough coffins enly four feet, six inches long. This does not prove that the people buried in the graves were a race of dwarfs.

Probably the bodies were buried in a contracted position, with the legs drawn up. Some remote connection with the world outside is indicated by the report that bits of iron were found in the graves. It may have come from some previous visit of Europeans or hav been passed on from hand to hand from some distant source. Ln 1908 whalers brought Aivilik Eskimos from the mainland to Southampton. Later came some Okomuit Eskimos from Coats Island.

From these stem the present Aivilik and Okomuit of Southampton. In 1951 the Eskimo and half-breed pjpulation numbered 223. toon. We Canadians do have a sense of humor but we draw the line when it comes to our Canadian flag. To think you would allow such vulgarity.

For all Canadians our flag is sublime, and should be treated with honor and respect ALINE (Bourgault) FERGUSON Ottawa. Strictly personal Names for two parkways Timely tips from the horse's mouth IS. a and the public would end by compressing it into "East Parkway" which would be neither precise nor exciting. For there are parkways fanner east than that. Maybe "Diefenbaker Parkway" would be suitable.

After all, it was Mr. Dief-enbaker who, as Prime Minister, decided and rightly that the Union Station be moved, thus making the new-parkway possible. Although The Citizen has in the past argued that only politicians who have gone to their reward should be honored in this fashion, perhaps an exception could be made in this case. Other possibilities are Mas-sey Parkway or Vanier Parkway, honoring either of two great governors-general. As to the NCC's second problem, Sawmill Creek Parkway is obviously superior to Airport Parkway, which is flavorless.

There's a Sawmill Parkway in New York City, but that need not deter the NCC. Another possibility, since the road will be part of the main approach to the airport, might be "Parkway A-Go Go." But somehow, we don't feel the NCC is ready for that one, yet. the pot, a cake that is either eaten or kept, a heart in the wrong place, cooks who improve the broth, penetrable darkness, a velvet hand in an iron glove, and a power before the throne. And, just once, an absence that is not prolonged, a ship that does not pass in the night, a bolt that is not shot, a burden that is not shouldered, a silence that does not reign, a suspicion that is not sneaking, an atrocity that is not brutal, and an axe that is not ground. And just once, a document that is signed and sealed but not delivered, a five foot-pole for people only half as bad as the ones we wouldn't touch By Sydney J.

Harris I should like to read, or hear, just once, about a man with a deuce up his sleeve, a man who was alive and not kicking, a man who was not all things to all men, a man who was at death's window, and a man who was not Grand as well as Old. And, just once, about a distance of 60 miles as the buzzard flies, an inauspicious occasion, a battle that is non-royal, a plot that thins out, a straight and broad path, a tepid congratulations, a dog that is let out of the bag, an elephant's share. And, just once, a lock and a stock without a barrel, a fish without a fowl, a flash Bilingual ism Editor, Citizen: Further to Miss Jean Woodfield's letter (Citizen, Sept. 14) in connection "Isn't there some operation I need before you get too busy with medicare?" Split voting pattern hurts Ontario urban life with a 10-foot-pole. and a person who is cool and calm but not collected.

And. just once, a flea or a bee instead of a fly in the ointment, a fool's inferno, a charge that is not hurled, a new car that is not unveiled, a single-dyed villain, a cup that depresses, a fully-fleshed corpse in the closet, and a tale that does not thereby hang. And, just once, a heart that is worn on the lapel or the pocket but not on the sleeve, a welcome with closed arms, a sheep in wolf's clothing, 80 winks, food for thoughtlessness, an unlucky star, long shrift, a finger in every cake, and too little of a good thing. And. just once, an ounce of flesh, midwinter madness, an undisguised blessing, wheels that are not within wheels, a nest that is papered or twigged but not feathered, an analysis that is penultimate, a sight for healthy eyes, a character that is only silver plated, and time that limps or staggers or runs but does not march on.

And, just once, a hurting hand, a hook without a crook, by a different token, alligator tears, crying over spilt Burgundy, praising with faint damns, drifting together, and killing two swine with one pearl. And, just once, the thigh of luxury, the straw that broke the llama's back, the fully-clothed truth, the forehead to the grindstone, the unscholar-ly gentleman, and the rank without the file. The National Capital Commission has an important problem on its mind. It is seeking advice on what to name two new parkways, one to be completed next spring, "the other still a gleam in the government's eye. The first parkway will extend along the Rideau Canal from about Pretoria Bridge to Little Sussex Street and Sussex Drive.

The NCC has tentatively named it "East Rideau Canal Bank Parkway," admittedly an awkward and unsatisfactory label The other parkway, still in the proposal state, would start at Bronson Avenue and Heron Road, and extend southerly along Sawmill Creek to about the CNR railway line, finally ending at the Ottawa Airport Terminal Road. It is tentatively named Airport Parkway, and the name Sawmill Creek Parkway has been suggested. As to the first, it is self-evident that Editorial notes The last members of the Inter-American peace force have left the Dominican republic. No one will be sorry to see them go. The whole affair was a sorry story which reflected no credit on the United States and little enough on the Organization of American States.

With all the construction in progress on Sparks Street preparatory to establishing a permanent mall, perhaps the city will arrange to take down the traffic signs indicating it as a one-way street. They are both out of date and misleading to visitors to the city. One of the proud international ventures of our time has been the United States program for the international exchange of "teachers and scholars, this year marking its 20th anniversary. It began with the "Fulbright providing for the two way sponsorship scholars with funds from the sale of U.S. surplus war materials abroad.

Since then, co ordinated through the U.S. state department, it has had its terms of reference vastly expanded and enlisted assistance from a multitude of public and private organizations in the U.S. and abroad. Sponsors of the program report 82.5S5 grants have been awarded: an estimated 11.7 million school children and nearly a million university and college students have been exposed to teachers who were either received or dispatched by their respective countries under the program. ''East Rideau Canal Rank Parkway" is impossible.

Nobody would call it that. By Harold Greer Citizen special correspondent TORONTO The vote in the Kenora by-election last week raises again the fundamental question of Ontario politics: is there any real prospect of the Conservatives being voted from office as long as the opposition is split between the Liberal and the New Democratic parties? On the surface, the Conservative victory in Kenora was a solid one. Mr. Leo Bern-ier, the winning candidate, received close to 6,000 votes, a respectable 2,000 more than his closest opponent, Robert Clark of the NDP. But Mr.

Bernier's 6,000 votes were also some 2,000 less than the combined vote against him, and a closer look at past voting patterns in Kenora reveals clearly that the Conservatives did not so much win the riding as the non Conservatives lost it. Give or take a few hundred, the Conservatives have been able to muster 6,000 votes in Kenora for some years now. Mr. Bernier himself polled 5 334 when he ran against the late Robert Gibson, the winning Liberal, in the 1963 general election. Similarly, in the 1962 byelection won by Mr.

Gibson, the Conservative candidate was again runner up with 5,767 votes. Indeed, until last week, elections in Kenora followed the same pattern with depressing (for the Tories) regularity for 15 years: a solid Conservative vote losing out by a few hundred to superior Liberal support, with the NDP trailing a poor third. Last week, the Conservatives again polled their total strength, but the Liberals dropped some 3.000 votes compared to their 1963 performance while the NDP picked up 2,000. In short, the election was won not so much on a swing to the Conservatives as by a loss of Liberal votes to the NDP. Although Kenora is predominantly a Labor riding, with a number of the more militant trade unions at work, the Liberals have traditionally been able to hold the NDP in check by running their candidates on a "Liberal Labor" ticket a strategy which proved meaningless this time in the face of the national rail strike and the federal government's legislation ordering the railwaymen back to work.

Kenora abounds with railway workers: they burned Prime Minister Pearson in effigy at Sioux Lookout and voted against the provincial Liberals and for Mr. Clark, a trainman by trade, at the polls. The outcome, howrver, can hardly be dismissed as an aberration which has no significance for Ontario politics at large. It is lather another instance of the divide-and-conquer process which has helped to keep the Conservatives in office at Queen's Park for 23 years. Counting Mr.

Bernier, there are now 23 of the 78 Conservative members of the legislature holding seats hy virtue of a split vote against them. One should not, of course, make too much of this: it does not automatically follow that these members would have been defeated in a straight two-way contest, nor would the government have failed to secure a majority in the 108 seat legislature even if all 23 had lost. Yet some conclusions seem irrefutable. The great majority of the Conservatives with absolute pluralities, for example, come from rural ridings, constituencies so solidly and traditionally Tory that in many of them the NDP has not even bothered to run candidates. Most of th Conservative members elected by minority votes, on the other hand, come from the urban and industrialized areas Kingston, Oakville, Sault Ste.

Marie, Kitchener Waterloo, Oshawa, Hamilton and many of the ridings of Metropolitan Toronto. Clearly, the centres of opposition to Conservative party and government in Ontario are in the towns and cities. Yet it is in these urban areas that the Liberals and the NDP are knocking themselves out and electing Conservatives in the process. Political partisanship aside, this would be neither here nor there were it not for the fact that in many instances, urban Ontario is being represented in the legislature by members who cannot be said to reflect majority sentiment in their constituencies, and who are reluctant pleaders at best for the needs of urban society. It is no coincidence as a result that the record of the Conservative government on municipal reform has been poor: that its performance on public housing has, until recently, been non-exist ent; that its attitude toward organized Labor has been suspicious, and its achievements in the field of social welfare grudging and meagre.

The radical solution, perhaps the only solution, lies in a return to the two-party system through a merger of the Ontario NDP and Liberal parties. The idea finds favor among left wing Liberals who find they have no significant policy quarrels with the NDP, and among the hierarchy of the Ontario Federation of Labor and the more powerful unions, who are tired of spending large sums of money on the NDP in a losing cause. There have been overtures from both sides from time to time the most serious after the Conservative landslide in 1963 but premature publicity and denunciations from NDP die hards have brought the discussions to a halt. The current strategy of the NDP. which has enjoyed some legislative and electoral successes in recent years, is to convince the voters that they, and not the Liberals, offer the only alternative to the Conservatives in office.

The Liberals, for their part, have convinced themselves, in the face of all logic ar.d the available evidence, that any gains in NDP support will hurt the Conservatives rather than themselves. In politics, all things are possible. The probability, however, is that as long as the NDP remains ineffective in the rural ridings, any gains it makes in tK cities will be at the expense of the Liberals and only-serve to keep the Conservatives in power. message i From the New English Bible) With deep roots and firm foundations, may you be strong to grasp, with all God's people, what is the breadth and length and height and depth of the love of Christ, and co know it, though it is beyond knowledge. So may you attain to fullness of being, the fullness of God himself.

(Ephcsians 3: 18, 19.) 124th YPUT, dumber 21., Wednesday, September 28, 1066 Page 6.