The Ottawa Citizen from Ottawa, Ontario, Canada • 7

The Ottawa Citizen Jan. 14 1963 Page 7 bosses facing- Sylvanus Olympio African's murder blow to the west SHOWDOWN IN BERLIN Top world Communist leaders meet in Rerun this week to shape future policy. Observers believe that the meeting might force a showdown between widely-split factions. The real power of Premier Khrushchev is expected to make itself felt in this struggle that will have an important impact on future East-West There have been a spate of them throughout Europe the last few months. All have been showcases for pro-Khrushchev proclamations of support.

And, of course, there have been corresponding denunciations of Red China. goland, with some 200.000 Ewes, voted before Britain set it free to join Ghana. Nkrumah proposed annexing the Ewe tribal territory in Togo as a province of Ghana. Olympio, a Ewe, replied that "we don't intend to throw away our identity." The Juvento party supports Nkrumah's proposal In Washington, the White House issued a statement that "The United States government was profoundly shocked by the news of the assassination of of Africa's most distinguished leaders." There were fears in Washington that the new regime might turn out to be militantly nationalistic and far less friendly to the West. Olympio's visit to Washington last year was prompted by a famine threatening of his people.

He received a pledge of 6. 000 tons of eornmeal and sorghum, some of wnich was shipped before he left Washington. The slain president was a strong supporter of the United Nations, considering it a protector of emerging countries. The British government expressed "great dismay" at the assassination of Olympio. It called him singularly well equipped to help bridge the gap between the English and French-speaking countries of West Africa." The military committee which seized power yesterday was reported headed by-Emmanuel Bodaj, who apparently had not been active in politics before.

"Wilh chief? moment of decision UK Market entry LOME. Togo The Western nations lost a staunch friend with thp death yesterday of president Sylvanus Olympio. shot down by insurgent soldiers. During his trip Olympio visited Niagara Falls, where he received a key to the city and inspected the Niagara power project He had sought to make sister cities of Niagara falls and Lome. The London-educated Olympio was the only African head of state with a command of both English and French, and he also knew some German.

His language skills earned him an influential position in African councils. Togo, a country of 1.500.000 people, is about the size of West Virginia. It was a French United Nations protectorate when it gained independence in I960. Before the First World war it was a German colony. Popular A witty man with an engaging smile.

Olympio a popular with women. Women, who control most of Togo's trade, are a powerful force at the polls and helped elect Olympio to the presidency. The main opposition to Olympio's. government consisted of the Progress Party and the allied Juvento Movement, two groups accused of plotting against the regime with aid from Ghana. President Kwame Nkrumah of Ghana also has been the target of several bomb plots and his government had accused Togo of harboring Ghanian conspirators.

The Dahomey government, concerned over the Obmnio assassination, sent its foreign and finance ministers to Accra to appeal to Nkrumah not to intervene in Togo. Nkrumah promised the ministerial mission he Would not interfere "in any way in the Togo interior conflict." according to a statement issued in Cotonou. Dahomey's capital. One major source of friction between Nkrumah and Olympio was the Togo-Ghana border splitting the big Ewe tribe. The border was a legacy of the division after the First World War of German Togoland between the British and the French.

British To Qualified All is up to de the same cast Gaulle's eyes, the United Kingdom has a fundamental preference for the sea, the Commonwealth and the United States. The Nassau agreement between President Kennedy and Prime Minister Macmillan appears merely to have strengthened this view. Thus once more the man whom playwright Jean-Paul Sartre called "this mountain of silence" is defying the Anglo-Saxons. Just as in wartime he often exasperated President Roosevelt and Prime Minister Churchill, so now he vexes not only Britain hut a United States which regards British membership in Europe as indispensable to Kennedy's "grand design" of a low-tariff Atlantic community. A surprising aspect is that despite his stonewalling, des public usually battens on the names Ulbricht and Benjamin.

It could conceivably slacken off some if they were removed. That temporary relief might, at least in Communist planners' thoughts, induce farmers and workers to produce more. Or certainly more than they are producing now. It would also provide for a safety valve in which steam, generated so bitterly among nearly 17 million East Germans, could be vented and ventilated, perhaps without too much harm. Further, it would be intended to show that Premier Khrushchev was intent on his pro-gram of "liberalization," which is a misnomer for a transistory let up in Communist control.

As experience has shown in the USSR itself, as well as in satellite Poland, the relief is transitional until "safer" controls are introduced quietly while the outside world breathes in relief that captive peoples are getting a better break. For Mr. Khrushchev the problem of dumping both Ulbricht and Frau Benjamin simultaneously is too tough. Ulbricht personally prefers the Communist Chinese method of operations. But he has been wily enough to have become an artful dodger as Mr.

Khrushchev zigs and zags. Decision When the loss of manpower became so unbearable in the flight of workers and farmers to the West, it was Ulbricht who convinced K. that the wall should go up. It did within hours of Ulhricht's own return from a hasty consultation in Moscow. Moreover, he has from vast experience in survival in the Communist jungle, built up a party apparatus loyal to him.

Premier Khrushchev is always reminded of what happened in Hungary when the odious apparatus in control was demoted and split at K's own direction. East Germany is much too important in the East West power pattern for dangerous experimentation. culture The Great Temple and the Little (or Queen's) Temple, dedicated to three gods. Aman-Rah. Ptah and Re-Harakhte.

the god of the rising sun, were hewn out of solid rock in the reign of Rameses II and his Queen Nefertari about 32 centuries ago. If the is found, UNESCO will use an Italian project to save the temples. Estimated to take more than six years to complete, it calls for raising the two blocks of rock in which the temples are embedded to more than 180 feet above their present site. Before lifting begins, roads will be built to spots chosen for storing materials, an airstrip prepared, a floating dock constructed to offset changes in the level of the Nile and an electric power station erected as well as a temporary city to house the workers. By Seymour Frririin Herald Tribune News Service NEW YORK By simply turning up in East Germany Soviet Premier Khrushchev custom tailors a crisis that he can form fit or alter to measurements he deems practical.

It's the first time since the near crunch in Cuha, when he backed down in a confrontation of super power with the U.S., that Mr. Khrushchev can be a real take-charge political leader. East Germany, called "the German Democratic Republic" but not German, nor democratic nor really a republic, is real home ground for Premier Khrushchev. It cannot exist without Soviet power; it was created by the Red Army and the Russian regime and its authority is kept alive by the presence of Soviet troops. The immediate reason for K's trip to East Berlin is-a Communist Party congress.

WILL IC WIN HIS POINT? By William L. Ryan Assticiated Press news analyst Nikita Khrushchev is heading a high powered delegation of close associates to East Berlin to lay his case against Communist China before satellite Communist leaders. It appears to depend upon the Chinese whether the meeting leads to some sort of reconciliation or an irreparable breach between the two Communist, giants. The excuse for the world meeting is the sixth congress of the Social Unity (Communist) party of East Germany-It opens Tuesday to the background noise of a violent propaganda exchange between Moscow and Peking which is spreading confusion in the world Communist movement. Basic theme One basic theme dominates the propaganda war: Is the rapid expansion of Communist domination worth the risk of an explosion which could lead to nuclear war? Red China says it is worth it.

Khrushchev, ever since his backdown in the Cuban crisis, advocates caution. For that backdown, the Red Chinese are denouncing him now on two counts: First, he was an "adventurist'" for getting himself in a bind in Cuha. Second, he was cowardly and damaged the world revolutionary movement hy retreating before the United States' "nuclear blackmail." There is much more to the quarrel than that It involves differences of opinion about how much aid Russia can afford or is willing to give Red China, and how much enthusiasm Khrushchev has for welcoming the Red Chinese into the nuclear weapons club. But there is no doubt that Khrushchev's role in Berlin will be devoted largely to the problem of this split in the Communist camp. Most of the people travelling to Berlin with Khrushchev-are specialists in international Communism and Chinese affairs.

LIFE SPAN CUB AX DISAPPOIXTED Gaulle pite his capacity for acting as the pea in the western mattress, de Gaulle commands an awed respect. Ambassadors cowed before him. Officials hesitate to change a line of his instructions. Commentators ransack their vocabularies for glowing phrases. The.

French press, though much of it is sympathetic to Britain's position, offers little encouragement. Even the independent-minded Paris paper Le Monde, which would like to see an Anglo-French rapprochement, can do no better than remind Macmillan of a song made popular by' Edith Piaf "Ne Pleurez Paz. Milord" Don't Weep. My Lord. France may eventually find that if Britain is excluded from Europe, there will be tears on both sides of the channel.

that made yesterday's refugee flight took 15,000 pounds of medicines to Cuba as another installment of the in food and medicines guaranteed for release of 1.113 Bay of Pigs nvasion prisoners. The American Red Cross said all future shipments of ransom supplies will be made hy ocean freighter. The steamship Shirley Lykes is being loaded at Baltimore with G.500 tons of food, drugs and medical supplies for Havana. Sixty-eight of 89 refugees brought here yesterday are Cubans possessing American citizenship. The other are Cuban nationals but either the husband or wife holds U.S.

citizenship or their children were born in this country. The U.S. Immigration Service refused to release names of arrivals. The Cuban-Americans had lived in the United States previously and for one reason or another mostly homesickness had returned to Cuba. iFTER RETURN 'HOME to India border plan Key or en East- Germany is a key area for Mr.

Khrushchev to carry again and in person, this time the ideological conflict with Red China to local comrades bound to cheer Moscow. Important as this may be in the hurly burly of Communist idealogical wrestling, it isn't the paramount reason behind Mr. Khrushchev's trip to East Germany. He is in rather serious trouble there and must make some quick alterations to stave off another blow up. The economy is in a sad plight: East Germany is definitely a have not territory even by East European standards, and the wall the Communist regime built to seal off east from West Berlin is mocked bitterly today by other supposedly sister regimes in Soviet Europe.

Two personalities, universally despised in East Germany, happen also to be loathed by other Communists with whom they consort at international conferences. One is goat bearded, veteran international Communist, Walter Ulbricht. He is No. 1 the Communist pro consul for "the German Democratic Republic." The other is a woman, perhaps the moat hated woman in the world. Her name is Hilde Lange Benjamin, heavy-bodied, chain smoking, brandy-drinking minister of justice.

Mrs. Benjamin preaches hate and carries out the judgments accordingly. Escorted constantly by bodyyguards, she hasn't hesitated to decimate her ow-n staff. Neurotically suspicious, she never has shown an iota of mercy in political court cases. In a Communist run state, most cases are political.

The unrest that runs through the police ridden rump re lo save old PARIS (Reuters)-The United Nations Educational. Scientific and Cultural Organization has taken a new step to save two 3, 000-year-old Nubian temples at Abu Simbel in fgypt from flooding by the River Nile, UNESCO's executive committee for saving the monuments called for voluntary contributions from the 113 member states to reach the target now needed to save Abu Simbel. The 15 man committee, set up at the UNESCO general conference here in December, authorised Director General Rone Mahcu to circulate the appeal to UNESCO members The temples will be doomed under Egypt's Aswan dam project unless measures to save them are launched before the deadline, only 11 days after the March conference. EXTENDED ago, Britain's doctors were united for better or worse with a state-run National I I CK 08 MYLES By Alan Harvey Canadian Press staff writer LONDON (CP) In the end it all comes back to President de Gaulle. As the negotiators return to Brussels for another weary round and reporters delve deep for a new way of telling readers for the umpteenth time that this is the crunch the true moment of decision everything seems to depend on the lonely man in the Elysee Palace.

It is as clear as anything can be that Britain will stretch every nerve and make every reasonable sacrifice to enter the European Common Market. Welcome Plainly, five of the Six European countries would welcome her admission. Belgium, Holland, Italy, West Germany and Luxembourg all made encouraging noises. Perhaps even in France the consensus would be for Britain but the average Frenchman is happy to leave the decision to Charles Andre Joseph Marie de Gaulle. And old "King" Gaulle, anything but a merry old soul, seems huffily disinclined to budge in Britain's favor.

Seen from London, de Gaulle's intransigence is hard to understand. The French see things, as they say, with a "different optic." A correspondent of the Paris weekly newspaper L'Express puts it succinctly: "Gen. de Gaulle is impregnated with the ancient grandeur of Europe and France. For him, there is no real and great civilization except on this side of the Atlantic. "He is nostalgic for the time when Europe was itself History, when it made History.

"This is the Europe of nations each with its own earth, its own dead, its own soul." For de Gaulle, such a Europe does not include Britain. There is Europe, and there are the "Anglo-Saxons." In ric 000 1 a year. It is expected to increase in the next few years as it has almost annually since the service was launched. Only a small section of the medical profession would like to see the NHS scrapped. Some BOO doctors have remained in private practice, approximately 35.000 work in the service of the state.

There is widespread acceptance of the social factors that brought the NHS into being. No dispute exists over the principles underlying the plan. But in medical circles, there are many misgivings over the shortcomings of the service and its method of operation. A committee representing the country's nine leading medical bodies recently completed a four-year review of the service. It reported: "In general we feel that this (NHS) has proved of great benefit to the rommunitv, hut Nkrumah Ghana involved acceptance be put before Parliament, due to meet Jan.

21. This was taken to mean the Indian Legislature, dominated by-Nehru's Congress Party, would endorse the government's reaction. An official communique last night said the government would abide by parliament's decision. Sabry. who left for Egypt today, told reporters he believed the six non-aligned Colombo, powers achieved a "great success" in their efforts to bring China and India together for peace talks.

Meanwhile, The Times of India in a front-page story-says Nehru will make an official motion in Parliament recommending a "favorable response" without in any way-abandoning the basic Indian demand for restoration of the China-India frontier as it existed before last Sept. 8. would scrap the service in its present form and start again on entirely new lines." On a different level, British public has its own personal complaints about the-health service. Readers write to the papers to complain little Tommy was kept waiting for six months before his tonsils were removed The other big public complaint is over crowded surgeries. Fewer than 10 percent of NHS doctors have an appointments system.

As a result, patients have been kept for up to two hours waiting for the 20 people in front of them to be seen. The great majority of the public 81 per cent on the basis of a recent national opinion poll considers it is getting value for money. The same poll recorded that 89 per cent of the public evaluated the NHS as satisfactory with onlv 11 per cent MIAMI. Fla. (AP) "It was a mistake to go back.

It wasn't nice after all." With those words, Jesus Azov summed up the feelings of many of the 89 Cubans and Cuban-Americans airlifted to Miami yesterday from Cuba. Azoy is a barber who left Tampa, and returned to Havana 18 months ago "because we were told it w'as good there under the revolution." Like others in the group. Azoy said he returned to the U.S. because of problems in Cuba, including food shortages, inability to get work, and disillusionment with the revolution. Azoy was accompanied by his wife and two sons.

Alexander. 4. born in the United States, and Jesus 8 months. They were passengers on what may have been the last airlift of refugees from Cuba for some time. The Pan American DC-6B there are many defects and omissions." The committee then listed a total of 232 conclusions, many of them critical of the government's handling of the plan.

One conclusion was that the NHS is too loosely integrated. It has three main operating branches the family doctors in general practice, the hospital services and the public health authorities. Many physicians complain there is too little liaison between the three, resulting in duplication of effort and a general loss of efficiency. The committee said the division of responsibility had prevented the system "from operating successfully as a team." Medical quarters also often voice complaints that the government does not work closely-enough with the profession in planning such projects as hospital building programs, that the government spends too little on medical research By Peter Jackson Reuters staff writer NEW DELHI-Usually well-informed sources today reported India has indicated qualified acceptance of Afro-Asian proposals for settling the China-India border dispute. The sources said India indicated this to three representatives of the non-aligned Colombo Conference powers while making it clear the New Delhi government is not entirely-happy with the still-secret proposals.

Prime Minister Nehru held final meetings yesterday with Wing Cmdr. Aly Sabry, president of the United Arab Republic Council. Ceylonese Prime Minister Mrs. Sirimavo Bandaranaike and Ghana's Justice Minister Kofi Ofori-Atta. who had come to New-Delhi to present the proposals.

Nehru was reported to have told them the proposals would NHS is top heavy, cuts the family doctor off from hospital work and pays him with no regard for his experience, ability or conscience. Health service doctors are paid 19 shillings, six pence ($2.75) per patient per year with an extra 14 shillings ($1.96) for every patient within the range of 500 to 1.700 on his list. With a permitted maximum of 3.500 patients, the most a doctor can make out of the NHS is about 4.000 (S12.000) a year. Dr. James Maxwell Alston, a consultant pathologist and honorary secretary of the fellowship, says: "Our main objection to the form of health service chosen for this country is that it is too rigid." Dr.

Alston said "I and the people with me in this organization would never want to scrap the underlying purpose of this health service "But given the chance, I Fourteen years later British medicare a proven success By John C.ale Amiatct Pre-; wnter LONDON Fourteen years EXTRA TROUSERS FREE CUSTOM TAILORED-TO-MEASURE SUIT SALE It's the biggest event of the year selection includes Pic 'n Pics, Fine Worsteds, in plain and stripe designs, Twists and Tweeds, in colour combinations to suit all Priced from 81-00 125-00 (about S14.000.000 a year), that doctors are overworked and underpaid, casualty and accident services below standard, medical recruiting lagging and too little provision made for the care of the aged and maternity cases. There also is a general desire in the profession to see an element of private practice retained and it is frequently-said the NHS has tended to stifle its preservation. "Whatever arrange ments are made by the state to provide medical care." said the review committee, "there will always be a section of the community which prefers to pay the doctor directly for his services by personal contract." Among the foremost critics of the NHS is the Fellowship for Freedom in Medicine, which has about 1,500 adherents among medical practitioners. The fellowship maintains the Health Service. The marriage appears to be succeeding.

Officials claim the nation's health has never heen better. Britons are growing bigger and living longer. Diseases that once were the scourge of childhood have been put on the run. Diphtheria killed only five children of school age last year, polio only 12. tuberculosis nine.

Scarlet fever no longer is a menace. Most of all, the National Health Service has succeeded in the purpose it set out to achieve in the aftermath of the Second World War. Nobody is disbarred by lack of means from receiving proper medical attention. With the state picking up most of the bill, Britain's 52,000,000 people can afford to be ill. The cost of keeping the nation healthy is running at shout 1850,000.000 Gvt; Hank Street, Ottawa.