Alabama Journal du lieu suivant : Montgomery, Alabama • 4

ALABAMA JOURNAL Why We Have To Have nvT? AC Tar iinu th-t -i ONE OF THE lines that has been Lots More Unemployment i ii i -t i. kf.ii Inrr urhinh note thm nwinle who ar wnrt. of Ing, which gets the people who are work Evary Week Jf Br THE ADVERTISER CO. 107 8. Lawrence 8ec4 Oim hU at Mratftmerr.

Alabama CARMACE WALLS' Pimlde-t and Publlibar HAROLD MARTIN Editor ad Co-Publishtr GUYTON PARKS Cmwral Moaogar RAY JENKINS Editorial Pago Editor IEN R. DAVIS Managing Editor Fill Report it THE ASSOCIATED PRESS MONTGOMERY, FRIDAY. NOVEMBER 1. 1968 PAGE 4 BallotConfusion IN THE privacy of the voting booth next Tuesday, Alabama voters will be confronted with perhaps the most confusing ballot in the country. Perhaps the best measure of that confusion is the alarm coming from the Wallace camp over the efforts of a pretender party to grab off a portion of the Wallace vote.

The presence of three parties laying claim to designation as the "Democratic Party" would lead to trouble enough. To further complicate matters, we also have some outfit which calls itself the American Independent Party which is running four unknown persons for Presidential elector. After laying low for many months, the party has suddenly surfaced and is distributing campaign literature ciaiming to be the authentic Wallace party. Seymore Trammell, the Wallace national campaign chairman, claims these handbills are "false, misleading and probably in violation of the law." False and misleading, yes, but we fail to see where there is any violation of the law. From what we can gather, the American Independent Party has met every legal qualification required to list its candidates on the ballot.

Under Alabama law or the law of any state, for that matter electors are free agents who can vote for the candidate of their liking, be it or fey For Safer Subs ing and paying taxes very upset." "Ah, yes, but you must think of this in agricultural terms. We pay farmers jiot to grow crops to keep down the surplus, and no one is too upset by that. If we pay people not to work to keep down inflation, it will be the same thing." "That's true," I saM. "But what are the people who aren't working going to do during the day with their time?" "That's not an economist's problem. The sociologists have to wrestle with that one.

We only deal in statistics." "You make a strong case for unemployment, Professor, and heaven knows we need some, if we don't want more unemployment later on. But it seems to me that the more unemployment you have, the more money the government will have to spend to take care of the people. And the debt we get into, the more unhealthy the economy will be." Prof. Upgraph said angrily, "Nobody's perfect." What's Next For Social Security By Sylvia Porter WOULD YOU like to see: Social Security beneficiaries given periodic automatic benefit raises, so they could keep pace with our nation's rising living standards as we'! as rising living costs? Children of divorced or separated parents added to our Social Security rolls? A new Social Security benefit in the form of a flat monthly children's allowance for all American children, similar to the allowances provided today in most major European nations? All of these ideas have been proposed in recent months, and while none is likely to become law soon, it's a certainty that Social Security benefits will continue to be liberalized. The only questions are how much, when and in which directions.

Both candidates Humphrey and Nixon are calling for automatic Social bei.tfit boosts to compensate for rises in our cost of living. HUMPHREY is also asking for stan-dard-of-living benefit raises and many other extensions. Nixon is proposing guaranteed Social Security benefits for Americans over age 6i, no matter what their other earnings. Candidate Wallace wants the elimination of the "retirement test." the limit on earnings a retiree can have and still collect Social Security benefits. Which new benefits are probably coming comparatively soon' Automatic benefit boosts to match living cost increases are virtually a sure thing for the near future, for the nevt President is committed to the step and Congress will not resist.

Periodic standard-of-living benefit raises also are a sure thing, although such raises are not likely to become automatic soon. A significant boost in today's minimum benefit also has overwhelming support, since 2.800,000 elderly Americans now receive only the shameful minimum ($55 a month for an individual and $82.50 for a couple). The National Council of Senior Citizens wants the minimum raised at least to $150 a month for individuals and $250 for retired couples. A more realistic goal might be a minimum at the poverty line, about $125 a month for a retired individual. -U 4.

AND AMONG the other likely Social Security liberalizations are: a raise in the retirement earnings test (but not its elimination; inclusion of all elderly Americans in the Social Security system, bringing in those whose jobs were not covered arri who therefore did not pay Social Security taxes; a reduction in the waiting period for disability benefits, perhaps from today's six months to three months. Not among probable new benefits in the near future are: day care centers for children of widows: special benefits for victims of automation: college benefits for children of Social Security beneficiaries. As for costs, a substantial amount of benefit boosts, above and beyond cost of living increases, could be financed simply out of the added taxes collected because of today's rising wage levels. This assumes the earnings base (the maximum on which your Social Security taxes and benefits are figured; will be lifted from time to time. When we go beyond the benefits which can be financed this way, we will get into the murky-murky land of welrare-type benefits which could be financed only out of the Treasury's general The more we move toward this, the more we change, in a fundamental way, the con-tribulory nature of the Social Security system of the U.S.

tiiiiftummtiiimmrHtiiitiriiiniHiiinminiu ALABAMA JOURNAL rJtSSr18 Alabama mnr aacoot mm rtWIwii. get. ting Richard Nixon a big hand in his campaigning the country is "Rather than more people on welfare rolls, we want more people on payrolls." No one can argue with this statement except possibly Nixon's economic advisers. While the Republican candidate is promising more jobs for the people, his economic advisers keep insisting we're going to have to have a lot more unemployment if we're going to prevent inflation and a recession. I talked to an independent economist the other day, Prof.

Ulrich Upgraph, who runs the nonprofit Economic Health Institute: "Professor, Richard Nixon says that we have to get people off the welfare rolls and onto the payrolls if we want a healthy economy. How do you feel about this?" "Terrible," Prof. Upgraph said. "Everyone knows that when you have full employment, you have inflation, which causes a recession, which causes more Polls Don't Tell Reason For Votes By David Lawrence WASH1XGTON PUBLIC-OPINION polls and other reports which indicate that the gap between Nixon and Humphrey may be closing are, oddly enough, more or less welcome news to the Republican campaign managers. For several weeks now, they have been afraid that their party workers would become overconfident, and also that many Republicans in different parts of the country would not even bothe.

to vote if they thought the outcome in their favor was assured. Unquestionably there will be much more intensive work done by the Nixon organizations everywhere than would have been the case if the polls had shown an increase in Nixon strength, as this would have produced overconfidence. Polls have their value, and in many an election have turned out to be accurate. But there are campaign years with different issues which do not affect the various sections of the country in the same way, and a sample taken in one area may not at all reflect the sentiment in another part of the country or even in another section of the state. AS LONG as the electoral system prevails, and a majority or plurality however small in each state decides which candidate shall get the state's electoral votes, it is unlikely that a sample of a few hundred voters is necessarily a reflection of the final balloting, particularly in the more populous states.

Out of the 73 million persons expected to vote this year, there are probably not more than 10 or 15 million who could be considered as in the informed segment of the population individuals who either have read speeches or familiarized themselves with the issues. But what of the other 60 or 65 million? Many of them will go into the voting booth and pull a single lever, thus voting a straight ticket. Lots of them will vote the same way they have always voted. But there are millions who have acquired prejudices on one issue or another and have heard from their neighbors or friends that a particular candidate or party will not be helpful to them. The negative vote in many Presidential elections has taken victory away from a candidate who was not only capable but obviously better qualified than his opponent.

Resentments arise, however, during the four years of an administration, and a large" proportion of people vote for or against a party without knowing much about individual candidates. IT HAS BEEN assumed tl.at, with the introduction of radio and television campaigning, voters would be better informed by hearing what candidates have to say on public issues. Long before radio was introduced there were candidates who were spectacular enough to draw the biggest crowds during a campaign-perhaps out of curiosity but sometimes even such a candidate was defeated by a landslide vote. One or two issues that the people do understand can be decisive, and it docs not much matter who the candidate is. This correspondent recalls particularly the campaign of 1920, when James M.

Cox. Democrat, and three times governor of Ohio, made an excellent showing as he travelled all across the country. A relatively unknown candidate on the Republican ticket. Warren Harding, made few speeches but was elected by a landslide vote, primarily because the people were displeased with the Democratic administration which had been in power for eight years. If anybody could poll the voter who isn't well Informed and measure the various prejudices that can affect the election, we would have a better way of finding out how each state is going on November 5.

But voters in nearly every district of a state would have to be canvassed in order to make sure whether the views were uniform. So, while the public-opinion polls have often been a good Indicator of the outcome of an election, they sometimes are unable to reflect the true feeling of the people about Presidential candidates. ment, then you have a shortage labor, and that means labor demands pay raises. This cause prices to go up and naturally causes inflation." "I know I'm dense about economic affairs. Professor, but what I don't understand is how you can get people off the welfare rolls onto the payrolls if you have to increase the rate of unemployment." "You raise a very interesting question," Upgraph said, "partieular'y when everyone is so mad at so many people being on welfare.

The answer is that you have to find jobs for people and then lay them off so that you don't have a booming economy running away from itself. My solution is to change the name 'welfare' to something else, like 'economic health Nobody will get angry if someone else is collecting economic health insurance. It's the word 'welfare' that is causing all the trouble." "But it's still the same thing, Professor," I said. "You have the government paying people for not work- Greek Military Drew Pearson when Agnew first jumped from an obscure county official to governor of Maryland. Skouras staged a luncheon for Agnew at that time to which prominent Greeks and Greek-Americans were invited, including some of the lords of the shipping world Aristotle Onassis, new husband of Jacqueline Kennedy, Stavros G.

Livanos, once father-in-law of Onassis, and Stavros Niarchos, Onassis's brother-in-law; Manuel Kuluktindis LATER. WHEN' Nixon was looking around for a vice presidential running male, Pappas played a part in Agnew's selection. At a meeting in the law office of Lord, Day and Lord, of which former Attorney General Herbert Browncll is a partner, it was decided that Mayor John Lindsay of New York should be Nixon's running mate. But when Sen. Strom Thurmond turned thumbs down, Tom Pappas was one of those who encouraged the selection of his friend Gov.

Agnew of Maryland. I was suggested at the time that Pappas could raise substantial funds from Greek-Americans to support Agnew. This financial support, however, has been disappointing. Greek shipowners who were expected to contribute have been reluctant. Many Americans of Greek descent have also held back, though they have been anxious to support the three Greek-American Congressmen, John Bradcmas of Indiana, Peter Kyros of Maine and Nick Galifianakis of North Carolina, all highly respected members of Congress.

Pappas has worked hard at the money-raising job and even took a trip all the wav to New Orleans to contact William Helis. a leader of the Greek-American community. He came back empty-handed. Pappas has now returned to Athens to handle pressing business affairs, somewhat discouraged over the failure of Greek Americans to support the governor of Maryland. Among those who have contributed, however, is Joseph M.

Llnscy, the former Boston bootlegger who Is also part owner of the Suffolk Downs race track and the Taunton dog track, and whose underworld ties combined with generous charitable contributions have made him one of the most controversial figures In Massachusetts. By Art Buchwald unemployment in the end." "Then what you're saying is you need a healthy unemployment rate to have a healthy economy." "Of course. Any fools knows that. When the unemployment rate goes below 4 per cent, then the inflation rate goes up 5 per cent. The only way to stop the economy from overheating is to slow down, and the best way to slow an economy down is to have 4 or 5 million people out of work." "That seems hard to believe." "Look, stupid, if you have full employ Agnew Supports BOSTO.Y HOW MUCH WILL Spiro Agnew aounuaie puuey toaid tut-ece once ne becomes Vice Preswent is tne question oeing asised oy our ames annost more man in the United states, 'lne Lonaon aunday Times receni.

puonsnea a icature story on tnis suojeci. uov. nas become an en-Musiastic supporter oi Uie oic'ek nihua.y juiua wnicu nas been unuer seme criticism Dy many Greek-Americans and by some oi our NATO anies lor having imprisoned tne 6,848 leaders of the political opposition momiing tornier premier Ueorge Papaiwreou, togetner witn his son Andreas, a tonner proienaor at me University oi Minnesota and tne University of Caiiiornia. In the United States, interest has concentrated more on Agnew's conflicts of interest in AiarWand, as developed by the New York Times. Its report on Agnew dealt with the tact that he was a director and stockholder in a bank which held in state funds while he, as governor, was entrusted with administering the banking laws of Maryland.

The Times also pointed out that he bought up land which was later selected as an approach to a bridge. Agnew, as governor, helped select the location of the bridge. Many diplomats, however, are equally if not more interested in what Agnew's interest would be on foreign policy as Vice President. Gov. Agnew's support of the Greek Military is reported to be inspired in part by his association with Tom Pappas, one of the fund-raisers for Nixon-Agnew and probably the biggest businessman in Greece.

Pappas operates a steel mill in Salonika; one of the biggest oil refineries' in the Mediterranean, also in Salonika; a petro-chemical plant; and recently secured the Cocoa-Cola concession for Greece. Pappas is also a vigorous supporter of the military regime and has been used by the Central Intelligence Agency to siphon secret funds to Greece, reportedly to influence Greek politics, through his various foundations. Pappas has three foundations: the Thomas and Carrie Pappas Charitable Foundation, the Pappas Charitable Trust and the Pappas Family Foundation. Tom Pappas, unlike his brother John, is a Republican and has been chairman of various Republican financial committees for New England dating bark for a dozen years. John Pappas, a Democrat, is president of the Suffolk Downs race track outside of Boston.

Tom Pappas, together with Spyrns Skouras, chairman of 20th Ccntury-Fox motion picture company, has been active in supporting Gov. Agnew since 1966 FSsl George Wallace, Hubert Humphrey, Alf Landon, or Pat Paulsen. Wallace is the victim of the same set of circumstances that beset Hubert Humphrey; he has competing slates of electors which claim to be working the same side of the street. All of this confusion could have been avoided if the state's election law had been revised as it should have been years ago to provide for the listing of Presidential candidates by name on the ballot and permitting each candidate the option of designating his official party. This is routine procedure in many other states, and the sudden proliferation of splinter parties this year in Alabama ought to provide the incentive for the Legislature to make the election law revisions that are long overdue.

Unfair! WE SEE where the British House of Lords has ruled that Maria Callas, the Italian opera star, is the legal owner of a Liberian shipping company which was given to her by the Greek shipping magnate, Aristotle Onassis (alias Mr. Jackie Kennedy). Our patriotic sentiments are ruffled; how come the United States got dealt out of the action? With present capabilities, crews cannot be rescued below depths of 300 feet. Of course even rescue vessels such as the ones planned could not have helped the 99 men on board the Scorpion, which went down last May and has only now been located. But if a submarine operating at a great depth became powerless to maneuver yet remained intact and in communication with the surface, it would be an agonizing national tragedy if the men could not be rescued.

As it stands the ship that would make such a rescue possible will not be ready for operation until 1970. Of Violence phenomenon which has many causes. Sifting through these causes certainly must be a challenging task. At least one fragment of testimony strikes us as ary enough to be disregarded by the commission. A Yale University law professor urged the commission to "reject the simplistic rule that the law should always be enforced." He felt that civil disobedience should not be prosecuted especially when the person does no physical harm.

If this idea were accepted, civil disobedience would cease to exist; there would be nothing left to disobey. Skywatchcrs looking for the planetary tag game will find it in or near the constellation Virgo, which rises in the east after midnight in November. Besides offering a planetary alignment, November 16 marks the peak of the Leonids, a major meteor shower. Once every 33 years there is an unusually fine Leonid display. In 1833, they appeared with such awesome brilliance that sinners fell to their knees, repenting, and many men and women awaited the end of the world.

The Leonids came back in 1866 with equal intensity, but have been less dazzling since. However, in November 16, observers at Kitt Peak, Arizona, recorded about 40 meteors per second at the shower's peak. Normally, the Leonids average about 25 very fast meteors per hour. The radiant, or point of origin of the Leonids, lies near the bright star Regulus in the constellation Leo, which gives the shower. its name.

The constellation shines in the southeast. THE DISCOVERY of the remains of the nuclear powered submarine Scorpion should draw some attention toward modernizing the Navy's submarine rescue capabilities. Although plans have been in the works for more than two years to develop a submarine rescue vessel, budget squeezes have altered deadlines and set back the project. Now a new budget cut has crippled the rescue undertaking even more. The plan calls for a fleet of six rescue subs which could dive to the aid of crewmen of trapped or disabled submarines anywhere in the world.

In Hot Pursuit THE REPORT from the Presidents Commission on Violence won't be out until the end of the year. But the results promise to be interesting enough to make the wait worthwhile. Outbursts of temper erupted last week when Eric Hoffer, a member of the commission, objected to the testimony of a witness and tried to outshout him with a rebuttal. It would be safe to assume that the report will stir up prejudices and provoke outcries in the fashion of the Kerner Report on civil disorders. There will probably be some overlapping of the findings of the two reports also, judging from the subject matter of the testimony.

But violence is a Skywatcher's Guide For November By The National Geographic Society THE PLANETS will play a game of celestial tag in the early weeks of November but it's really Just an illusion. On November 6, ruddy-colored Mars will be seen only about a third of a degree from Jupiter. On November 12, the red planet will pass within a degree of Uranus. The bright, first-magnitude stars Spica and Dcncbola, glowing nearby, will add to the display. The heavenly tag game ends in the early hours of November 16 when observers across the United States can see all three planets Mars, Jupiter, and Uranus just north of the waning crescent moon.

Although the planets appear to be very close together In November, they really are Just lined up. In fact, they remain several hundred million miles apart. Io November, Mars reaches aphelion, its farthest point from the sun about 1SS million miles. Jupiter is some 4oo million miles from the sun, and Uranus more than one billion 700 million miles away. and wtltnrM mill p.

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