Naugatuck Daily News from Naugatuck, Connecticut • Page 1

PUti-NAOGATViCK NEWS (Conn.) Saturday. 8, 1972 Rhode Island Became First U.S. Free State Edfter'l Note: This Is the 13th of a monthly series of articles lookiig ahead to the nation's Mfth birthday in 1976. The chronological stories will describe each state's admission to the Union. By ROBERT BETTS Independence was never more highly valued than by the Colonists of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations.

In 1636, Roger Williams fled from Puritan Massachusetts to found in Providence the first major community in the world to advocate religious freedom and political individualism, Williams was Uie first to lay down the principle, later to form part of the U.S. Constitution, that government has nothing whatever to do with control of religious belief. He called it "soul liberty." Men of all religions and of none were safe from molestation so long as they behaved themselves. Puritans in the neighboring Colonies, who had never intended to permit such freedoms in fte new world, frowned upon the inhabitants of "Rogues' Island," as some called it. The tiny Colony never was admitted into the New England Confederation.

The defiant spirit which burned there, however, was a valuable asset when the time came to fight for independence from England. One of the earliest instances of resistance to British authority occurred on the night of June 4, 1765 (the year of the Stamp Act). A mob of some 500 sailors and boys seized a boat attached to the Maidstone, which had been impressing sailors in Newport Harbor, and dragged it through Queen Street to the Common, where it was burned. The same year Rhode Island adopted resolutions denying the right of any power but the General Assembly to levy taxes upon the Colony. The British revenue sloop Uberty was destroyed by patriots at Newport in July, 1769, in protest against enforcement of revenue laws.

It is claimed to have been the first overt act of violence offered to the British authorities in America. In June, 1772, another British ship, the schooner Gaspee, was burned in Narragansett Bay. The first naval engagement of the Revolution was between a Colonial sloop commanded by Capt. Abraham Whipple and a tender of the British frigate Rose, in which the tender was captured off Conanicut Island, R.I. On May 4,1776, the Rhode Island Independence Act was passed, which declared the Colony free from English dominion two months before the Continental Declaration of Independence.

By this action the Rhode Island Genera) Assembly established the first free republic in the new world. The Union's smallest state has the distinction of having built and manned the earliest vessels with which to fight against England. In Rhode Island were equipped more than her proportionate share of vessels during the war. Rhode Island furnished more naval officers than any other state, and from Providence came the first commander of the American Navy, Esek Hop- kins. Another Rhode Islander was Gen.

Nathanael Greene, Washington's "right-hand man," It is said that during the Revolution every male citizen between the ages of 16 and 60 fought for independence. Parts of Rhode Island were occupied by British forces from 1776 to 1779. American strategy at the Battle of Rhode Island (August, 1778), was hailed as preventing an invasion of New England and probably turning the fortunes of war in favor of the Colonies. The British began to find their position in Newport untenable toward the end of 1779. They began making plans for a withdrawal of troops and stores, and left before the arrival of 6,000 French troops on July 10, 1760.

With the Revolution won, Rhode Island continued to hold stubbornly to its own ideas of independence. It refused to agree to a national import duty, did not send delegates to the Constitutional Convention at Philadelphia and held out against ratifying the Constitution until May 29,1790. Thus it was that the last of the original 13 Colonies to enter the Union. The post-Revolutionary period saw the start of Rhode Island's industrial growth. The first successful cotton-textile mill was built at Pawtucket in 1790, laying the foundation of an industry thai eventually employed more workers than all other Rhode Island industries put together.

Today this highly industrialized state is still noted for its textile production, together with dyeing and finishing of textiles and manufacture of textile and other machinery, rubber, plastics and electronic equipment. It also pioneered in the manufacture of silverware and jewelry, and Providence is one (if the world's biggest jewelry centers. U.S. Navy installations in tlie Narragansett Bay area also are important to the economy. Farming takes second place- to manufacturing.

More than half the state is covered by forest. Dairy and poultry products (notably Rhode Island reds), potatoes and apples contribute mainly to agricultural income. Commercial fishing also is important, the shellfish catch being particularly valuable. For many years Rhode Island was the most densely populated of all the stales. I-atest census puts its population at 949,723, averaging 905.4 persons per square mile second to New Jersey's 953.1.

Rhode Island is not itself an island, but Narragansett Bay contains many islands. The coast is lined with resorts noted for their fine swimming and boating facilities. Among the many ancicnl buildings and historic sites reflecting Rhode island's Colonial heritage are the Touro Synagogue at Newport, oldest synagogue in the country, and the Old State House at Providence, where a tablet proclaims: "May 4, 1776 (was passed) the Act constituting Rhode Island the first free and independent republic in America and asserting her absolute independence of England, two months before the Declaration of Independence in Philadelphia." East Germany Clamping Down YOU CAN ALMOST feel the coolness o( the water as these youngsters splash during a free swim period at YMCA Camp Naboca. Many Naugatuck children are already enjoying the facilities and there is still time to sign up for the second and third sessions at the If yw haven't done so already. Pictured above from Ml to right are Jimmy Macareo, Alan Schiavo, Irene Paizani, Buddy Kudzma and Paul Macareo.

(NEWSphoio by Peter ITT: Looking Back By William F. BucfcUy, Jr. Beauty Care Theory Works With Hair, Scalp Not very many people troubled to examine the arrangements finally entered into between ITT and Ihe Nixon Administration, and agreed to by the courts. The legend was as follows: that an innocent and incorruptible official in the Justice Department moved against ITT in connection with three projected deals two acquisitions and one merger (with the Hartford Fire Insurance Company). That officials of ITT thereupon took to political maneuvering.

That secret deals were made, involving on the one I hand Government per-1 missivencss, and on the other hand ITT largesse I to GOP causes; where- i upon the Government suddenly abandoned its objections to the all-im-. portant merger, which was thereupon concluded. None of which would have got public notice except that the indiscretions of an ITT lobbyist fell into the hands of Jack Anderson, who passed them along, obligingly, into history. Along comes a remarkable analysis of what actually happened under the law. It is by Mrs.

Eleanor Fox of the firm of Simpson Thacher Bartlett in New York, and is published in The Conference Board Record, an organ of TCB, formerly known as The National Industrial Conference Board. It is her learned and dispassionate conclusion that if anyone troubles to look into the matter, he will discover that the Government won quite extraordinary victories in the cases in question. Victories that easily transcend the language of antimonopoly laws. She concludes, in the bloodless language of the lawyer, "There is no bona fide basis for a challenge to the merits of the ITT judgments. Those judgments are fair.

Indeed, they are exemplary; and they may be precedential in limiting by consent the growth of large diversified firms." What happened was lhal the Government attempted, in effect, to persuade the courts to rule on what they call "aggregate concentration theory." The Government had specific complaints, to be sure. It alleged that in the acquisitions, as in the merger with Hartford, ITT stood to diminish competition by a variety of means. For one, "reciprocity." This is the word given to business done between companies commonly owned. For another, the Government asked Ihe courts to hold that ITT, if it wasn't actually acquiring firms which were dominant in the market, was acquiring firms which threatened, in combination with ITT, to dominate the market, or to dominate it in certain parts of the country. And finally, the economic graph which shows thai there are more and more conglomerates, that the 200 largest firms in America have command of 58.7 per cent of the market in America, by contrast with 48.1 per cent in 1948: from which growth the reasonable assumptions are to be drawn.

However, the district courts flatly turned down the Government. They ruled that the Government had not made a factual case, tailored to the prohibitions of the Clayton Act, and declined to accept arguments based only on theory. The ITT case did not go to trial, but a preliminary injunction against the merger was denied by the court upon reading the Government's brief. There it stood in the summer ol 1971, when suddenly the company and the Government got together and hammered out three consent decrees, which the courts looked over, and promulgated. The remarkable thing about these consent decrees, says Mrs.

Fox, is what the Government got from ITT, rather than vice versa. ITT seemed to be playing from a situation of great strength, having won striking judicial victories on the first go- around. Then suddenly, as if it had been the Government that won, ITT agreed to do all kinds of things which have the effect of giving life to the metaphysical theories of the Government on the matter of aggregate concentration. ITT agreed to limit its growth by domestic acquisition. Unless ITT meanwhile gets rid of Hartford, it may not, except on consent of the Government or the Court, a) acquire a domestic firm having assets of more than $100 million; or b) acquire a domestic firm that occupies more than 15 per cent of a concentrated market.

"By the consent judgments," Mrs. Fox summarizes, "the Government won something more than it could reasonably have expected if it won all three cases on traditional grounds: limitation on ITT's growth by large-firm and leading-firm mergers." Apart from the vindication of the Nixon Administration, Mrs. Fox's dry analysis tends to show that large companies in the United States are prepared by the most convincing means to document that they are not profiting from bigness per se: by eschewing, voluntarily, further growth by acquisition. The Almanac By United Press International Today is Saturday, July 8, the 190th day of 1972, with 176 to follow. The moon is approaching its new phase.

The morning stars are Venus and Saturn. The evening slars are Mercury, Mars and Jupiter. Those born on this date are under the sign of Cancer. American industrialist John D. Rockefeller was born July 8, 1839.

On this day in history: In 1835 the Liberty Bell in Philadelphia cracked while being rung during the funeral of U.S. Chief Justice John Marshall. In 1950 Gen. Douglas MacArthur was appointed United Nations commander in Korea. In 1951 Paris celebrated ils anniversary.

In. 1969 withdrawal of U.S. troops from Vietnam began as 800 infantrymen arrived at McChord 'Air Force Base in Washington state. By ALAN DEAN WEST BERLIN West German Chancellor Willy Brandt's Ostpolitik is doing nothing to improve the lot of 17 million East Germans living under Communist rule. Instead it looks very much as though East German leader Erich Honecker is intent on imposing a neo-Slalinist program of ideological discipline on the party and the country.

For several months, as Bonn edged nearer ratification of treaties with the Soviet Union and Poland and currently moves toward a general treaty to govern inter-German relations, Neuer Weg, the official East German weekly, has warned readers against such heresies as pluralism, social democracy and convergence the theory that communism and capitalism will eventually merge as industrial societies advance. And on the eve of Bonn's signing the Soviet and Polish nonaggression treaties, Neues Deutscnland, the East Berlin daily, wrote that coexistence must be accompanied by a sharpening of ideological confrontation. While the frontiers were opened at Easter and Whitsun in Berlin to permit West Berlin families to visit kith and kin in East Germany for the first time in 20 years, any lulure arrangements along these lines will remain a one-way event. East Germans will stay totally cut off from travel to the West. A reason given by East German officials for not allowing their citizens to travel lo the West is the claim that there exists a danger of "job enticement." Aware that West Germany enjoys a far better standard of living, the Communist regime in East Berlin fears that if the gales were open to alloA East Germans to travel to the West few would return.

A thought for the day: American naturalist John Burroughs said, "Life is a struggle, but not a warfare." ADJUSTER ADJUSTED QUEENBOROUGH, England circus' cannon for the human cannonball needed a little adjustment so Tom Pretty climbed into the barrel to have a look. The next thing he knew Pretty was flying feet first 30 fett through the air over his back garden. "The trigger must have slipped," Pretty said later, a little Ihe worse for wear with a wrenched back and a mild electric shock. "I suppose it was partly my fault. 1 should have made sure there was no explosive capsule in it." By CIMA STAR NEW YORK Is your hair too fat, thin, dry, oily, whispy or lusterless? With the end of the era of teased, bouffant hairdos, more women are sighing into their mirrors over locks that just aren't right for the shiny, look they want.

What they need, according to a young French-Moroccan named Pierre Quaknine, is a process known in France as etheirologie, or a very special kind of hair treatment, which until recently was available only in Europe. Now, however, Pierre has brought the treatment to America and Rene Furterer Hair Clinics are springing up in major cities around the country. The Furlerer method, which Pierre studied for 18 months in Paris, is a combination of precise technique and the Furlerer products, which are all completely organic. These are blends of plant oils, herbs, flowers, fruit and vegetable extracts and animal proteins. Formulated in Paris by Furterer, Ihey are prescribed to revitalize the hair.

"I won't let just anyone handle these products," says Pierre, to whom a woman's crowning glory is a serious matter, "until I know they un- derstand what they are doing." Technicians from salons which want to become "clinics" receive a week of intensive instruction and practical workshop at Pierre's New York salon, "Pierre Michel." They learn every phase of Ihe method, from massage to hair analysis to treatment. For if there is any "magic" in the Furterer method, it lies strictly in the proper analysis of hair problems and the selection of correct remedies. The salon is divided in half. Once section looks like a typical beauty salon, where cutting and styling are done. CLIP SA VE OFFER GOOD ONE DAY ONLY JULY 8 PRICE SALE ON ANY CARVEL SUNDAE SUNDAE PER NAUGATUCK CARVEL I New Haven COUPON The other section is the "clinic" where problem heads are treated all day long under Pierre's personal supervision.

The treatment at this "hospital for hair" begins quite literally at the root of the problem. Astrandofhairisplucked from your head and analyzed under a special microscope called the Microvisionneur Projecteur, a device which magnifies the strand 200 times. Then, the technician makes the analysis of root, shaft and cutide of the hair, to determine whether dry or oily condition exists, il the problem is dandruff, psoriasis, split ends, oft, or some other condition. "Every head of hair is different," says Pierre, "and often, the condition of the scalp different from the condition of the hair." For example, a woman can have a normal, or even otry 1p and yet have very dry hair. Or her hair can appear yet the root can be The head gets two distinctly different treatments one for the scalp and one for the hair itself, and starts with a massage.

"The massage always begins at the shoulders," says Pierre, "but it is geared to the hair condition. If you have oily hair, you do not want too much massage." The hair is brushed "only with a natural bristle" from back to front in an unusual circular motion. "This exercises the pillar erector muscles, and lets the hair breathe," says the specialist. The real treatment begins with an individualized selection of the Furterer products. "It is like a medical prescription," says Pierre.

"Each product has a specific purpose." Special shampoos for every kind of hair, conditioners, rinses, revitalizing creams, and even vegetable and mud packs are used, separately on hair and scalp. OBVIOUS REASONS DRAPER, Utah (UPI)-Warden John Turner said Friday inmates at Utah State Prison got to see an X-rated movie because he didn't know it was X-rated. Turner said it was part of Uie weekly film program in the medium security section and he didn't learn its nature until il was being shown. "Because of obvious security reasons we permitted the inmates to see the remainder of the film rather than to stop it after it already started," he said. LYNN, Mass.

J. D'Eon, 24, and William J. Appleby, 25, both of Lynn, were arrested on charges of assault and battery with a dangerous weapon after they allegedly fired shots into a home on Ocean Street. Police said a shotgun Hast fired about 1:20 a.m. Friday shattered a door at the home.

APPLIANCE SERVICE Repairs on all makes. Washers, Dryers, Stoves Small Appliances. 739-0158 ftftwufy -Wed. With Coupon $095 '9 Mon. Tue.

Wed. With Coupon PERM WAVE 48 Main Fails 729-6306 WASH 075 HAIR CUT No sooner had the East Germans shut the frontier for West Berliners at Easter than Communist border guards shot and seriously wounded a 16-year- old girl as she and two young men tried to scale a tall barbed- wire fence to enter West Germany. Only one of the trio escaped. A similar incident occurred after the Whitsun visiting period adding to the thousands of incidents involving would-be freedom dashers over the last two decades. Meanwhile, one year after taking power, Honecker has clamped down on the East German economic scene.

Some 3,500 remaining private small concerns and 5,000 semiprivate firms with partial state ownership have been forced to hand over their reins to the government. Most of these companies were engaged in textile and other consumer industries where the premium is on skill and imagination. They accounted for 9 per cent of the country's annual $31 billion gross national product. The nationalization moves are expected to affect exports to the West, say observers. East Germany's private firms tended to react more flexibly than wholly nationalized companies to changing markets and earned generous amounts of hard currency.

One such semiprivate company was the Lucie Kaiser women's fashion firm, near Leipzig. Employing 370 workers, it has maintained annual sales figures of $3 million and last year exported 65 per cent of its total product. Until now the government had only a 37 per cent interest bought in 1960. There are serious doubts by the former management as to whether Ihe firm run under state control could keep up sued results. Nixon Takes Heat Off Trudeau Policy By GREG CONNOLLEY OTTAWA Canadian ventures in 1970-71 aimed at improving relations with Communist countries now look rather tame in the context of President Nixon's visits to Peking, Moscow and Warsaw.

There was considerable criticism raised both in Canada and the United States when Ottawa established diplomatic ties with China. There was also concern over the "excessive" friendliness Prime Minister Pierre Trudeau voiced for the Soviet Union. But although Canada now has diplomatic relations with Peking, the efforts of President Nixon seem to have put the United States more in the forefront of Communist affairs than was ever dreamed of by Canada. The major difference, of course, is the position of the United States as the leading power of the Western world while Canada is only a middle- ranking power. What is ironic is that President Nixon's assorted treaties and pacts with the Russians and Chinese have largely silenced Canadian suspicion of Trudeau's expansion of relations with Peking and Moscow.

The prime minister has been accused of being a left-leaning Socialist and this could have cost him votes in the general election due this autumn. However, the indirect support given Trudeau by President Nixon has not quelled all suspicion of Trudeau's motivation. Paul Hellyer, former defense minister, who quit the Trudeau cabinet, has charged there has been serious Communist penetration of government organizations and that Trudeau has not moved to clean house. Hellyer named some bodies he claimed had been taken over by the Reds ami he urged establishment of a Royal Commission to investigate subversion in the Canadian government. Thus far the prime minister has shrugged off the proposed inquiry apparently he believes Hellyer has an overheated imagination.

Even the Royal Canadian Mounted Police deny there is any serious Communist subversion problem in Canada and the Mounties are usually the first lo warn aboul Communist infiltration. No one in Ottawa really expects the Russians to stop their espionage attempts in Canada because of the warmer political atmosphere between Canada and the USSR. But the RCMP keeps such a close eye on Russian Embassy personnel that there have been no serious Red spy threats for years. The one cloud in the sky is that posed by the new Chinese Embassy in Ottawa. Security officials don'l know quite what to expect of the Chinese although they suspect the men from Peking will use their Ottawa embassy as a base to gather information on the United States.

Commissioner William Higgitt of the RCMP has already warned about Chinese espionage in America and has been lectured by Trudeau for so doing an interesting commentary on how delicate the prime minister regards Canada's new diplomatic and rewarding trading relationship with Peking. WOMEN'S WHIRLD SHOE STORE FOR WOMEN ONLY IS COMING LOOK FOR US IN THE TRI-TOWN PLAZA SEYMOUR SEE YOU JULY 13th.