The Daily Oklahoman du lieu suivant : Oklahoma City, Oklahoma • 61

India, U.S. Keep. KeiaTions 5rraine Thncs Service The present hostility tween the two capitals? its roots in the brief bloody war between In8 and Pakistan last Dec ber, though considerafili coolness existed beforl tnat. Washington open supported Pakistan eM mre ana during -ft AN AMERICAN ADVISER to South Vietnamese troops gives thumbs-up sign as bombs from B52 bombers burst on the horizon. The bombers attacked North Vi etnamese troops near the My Chanh defense line north of Hue, prior to the recent government offensive.

(AP Wirephoto RUSSIAN EYES MATCH Spassky Overhauls Game EDITOR'S NOTE When Bobby Fischer and Boris Spassky sit down over a chess board Sunday, millions of people around the rid be oiiowing By Associated Press "For me," Boris Spas-sky once said, "chess is above all just a game." "If you make a mistake it will inevitably be punished on the board," the Russian grandmaster explained. This notion of ineluctable judgment, of force manipulated according to a strict code that allows no place for cheating, characterizes the man and the player more than anything else. It goes a long way toward explaining why Spas-sky, the world chess champion for three years, has the reputation among his colieagues as a supreme realist, each complicated move with the same interest Americans give to the baseball World Series. Fischer, the American, and Spassky, the Russian, will be meeting for the world title now held by the American begins to storm the gates of the Soviet-dominated chess world on Sunday. The two men must draw upon all their stamina and character in their 24-game contest for the world championship.

Since they last met in 1970 when Spassky beat Fischer in a tournament-Fischer has played bril-liant chess, prompting some experts to say he may be the best ever. Spassky was on the sidelines during the long elimination process to select a challenger, and his game may have suffered. In his last tournament appearance in the Soviet Union in December, Spas- As a realist he knows that his unblemished record in five earlier games with Bobby Fischer will count for little when the Confident, Primed Fischer Pursues Last Elusive Title 32 Saturday, July 1972 Outlook Bleak For Federation In Eas! Africa NAIROBI, Kenya (AP) Five years ago, the presidents of Kenya and Tanzania went to Uganda to sign a pact linking their three nations' futures in a single community, The aging Jomo Kenya t-ta never travels outside Knya anymore, ami Milton Oboto has since boon deposed in Uganda. Onlv Julius Nyerere. still talk's in Tanzania about building an East African federation representing 35 million people a tenth of the population on the continent.

But political and economic disparities among the three partners all with shores on Lake Victoria are unraveling the fabric of cooperation. Uganda Not Recognized Socialist Tanzania hasn't recognized Uganda's government since the army overthrew Obote, a Socialist. IS months ago. Border skirmishes cut off telephone, direct air and lake steamer communications between the two countries for nearly five months last year. Tanzani-an officials of the East Af-r i a Community were barred from entering Uganda and work on a number of community projects was halted.

The three heads of state, scheduled to meet at least three times a year as the community's highest authority, haven't met in nearly two years. Idea Isn't New The idea of an East African political and economic federation goes back at least to the 1950's, when British colonizers saw that in unity there was efficiency. They set up agencies to operate a regional airline, post office, railways and harbors. There was a central legislative assembly, a single currency, a single Industrial licensing system and even a tourist board for all East Africa. East Africa is a roughly rectangular Tegion with more than 750 miles of Indian Ocean coastline, dpm-i a linguistically by Swahili.

Its northern border is part of the continent-wide divide between Arabs to the north and black Africans to the south. Ethnic Hodgepodge Millions in the interior spoke neither of the two unifying languages Swahili and English. The area was an ethnic hodgepodge of rival tribes who had learned under the British administrators to compete for jobs and influence, instead of cattle and land. Public opinion was strongly in favor of federation when colonial rule was ending a decade ago. But the idea began dying, perhaps, as one African put it, because politicians and tribes "fear loss of identity, power, prestige and influence" in a federation.

A recent spate of public soul-searching over the future of the community suggests that momentum may be slowly gathering for a fresh attempt at reviving the spirit of cooperation among the three East African nations. Strength Seen in Unity Foreign Minister John Malacola of Tanzania said in a newspaper interview federation was still a possibility and, "I think we in East Africa could never have had a better opportunity to come together than this decade." Robert Ouko of Kenya, the community minister of economics, said, "People are closing ranks around the world and Africa must take some steps toward unity. One approach to unity is to have three or four strong trade blocs across the continent. "This is a small, harsh and very competitive world. Wo either face it singly as minute countries or wc fare it together with the strength that unity gives us." Nixon Denounced TOKVO CAP) North Vietnam today denounced President Nixon's latest plan for withdrawing American Iroops from Vietnam as another "trick." Death Penalty Studied Anew In Legislatures By Associated Press State legislators and other officials are pondering the problem of what to do in the wake of the Supreme Court's ruling that the death penalty, as presently imposed, is unconstitutional, Moves already were under way in some areas to relnstitute capital punishment in constitutional form.

"We've got to have a death penalty," Georgia State Rep. James Floyd said Friday. He said he would push for a revision of the law during the 1973 legislative session to re-impose capital punishment. The high court did not outlaw the death penalty per se. Only of the five justices in the majority said that all capital pun-Ishment is unconstitutional.

The other three based their opposition on defects in the system of administering the death penalty. Two Alternatives The two most frequently mentioned alternatives to the death penalty as it now stands were re-instituting capital punishment under new conditions and tightening up on paroles so that life sentences really mean life. Florida lawmakers anticipated the court's decision and passed a measure during the last session pro-v i i that condemned prisoners saved by the ruling be given automatic life prison terms. The law does not go into effect until Oct. 1, however, and State Atty.

Gen. Robert Shevin said the result of the legislature's action combined with the court ruling creates a legal "hiatus an extremely fluid situation." Amendment In California In California, where the state Supreme Court ruled the death penalty unconstitutional earlier this year, there will be an amendment to the state constitution on the ballot this November to allow re-imposition of capital punishment. Ken Brown, an official of the California Correctional Officers Association, which supports the death penalty, said his group has "no immediate plans." One possibility, he said, was a national drive to amend the U.S. Constitution. Gov.

Preston Smith of Texas said he would ask the state legislature to pass a law providing mandatory life sentences, with no parole, lor certain crimes. Gov. Jimmy Carter of Georgia indicated he expected a similar move in his state. "I still don't think seven years is long enough for a man to serve in prison who has committed premeditated murder and is given a life sentence," he said, discussing the parole system. What Next? Alabama State Rep.

Sam W. Taylor of Montgomery said he would introduce a bill to provide life imprisonment without parole for crimes which now carry death penalty. Under present law, most life-tormors are eligible for parole after 10 years, or sooner if the Parole Board agrees unanimously- Sources in New Hampshire, which is revamping its criminal code, predicted that there would be a move in the 1973 legislature to re-impose capital punishment, but they said they did not know whether it would be successful. U.S. Rep.

Louis Wyman of New Hampshire, has suggested that the U.S. Constitution be amended to allow states and the federal government to impose the death penalty on persons guilty of deliberately taking human life. Illinois School Chief Supports McGovern CHICAGO (AP) Michael J. Bakalis, state superintendent of public instruction, abandoned Friday his uncommitted status and announced he will support Sen. George McGovern for 1he Democratic presidential nomination New York WASHINGTON six months after their falllng-out over the war between India and.

Pakistan, the United States and India remain in a state ot strained relations, mired in mutual distrust and suspicion. Rather than the "serious, dialogue" with India that President Nixon proposed in his foreign policy report to Congress last February, communications between the world's two largest democracies stands at zero. No formalized talks between the two governments have been started and United States aid to India remains No new American aid commitments were made when the 13-nation World Bank consortium met in Paris lor its annual pledge session. In past years, the Unites States has been the principal contributor to this group. The only high-level contact between the two countries -currently scheduled is the visit of former secretary of the treasury, John B.

Connally, who Is to visit New Delhi July 4 and 5 as part of his 15-na-tion world tour. The Connally visit may constitute the opening session of the much-advertised "dialogue" but Indian officials here are skeptical about the former secretary's chances of accomplishing much during his brief stopover. The differences that divide the two countries are described by both sides as being more atmosphere than substance. Both U.S. officials and Indian diplomats here say they are "disappointed" by the rigid posture assumed by the other side, but neither nation seems prepared to make a first move.

The result is a curious limbo, in which the governments of both countries profess their readiness to mend their differences, but nothing happens. This situation has aroused considerable concern among India specialists in the state department, where good relations with India have always been more highiy prized than at the White House. "My fear is that the fabric of the relationship between us and India is going to unravel as a result of neglect and petty pride, rather than any serious policy problem," a department official observed. "It is in the clear self-interest of both countries to improve their relations," the official continued, "but it isn't going to happen until there is a green light from the White House." Sources close to the situ-afion report one reason the go-ahead has not been given is, the. intense irritation that was aroused in ihe White House by the strong Indian denunciation of the resumed American bombing of North Vietnam this spring.

Nixon is described as having been personally stung on April 17 when Swaran Singh, the Indian foreign minister, charged in the New Delhi parliament that the U.S. had "mounted an aggression" by its large-scale bombing of the Hanoi and Haiphong area during the previous weekend. Although India had been critical of the American role in Indochina frequently before, the foreign minister's terms were considered the strongest any Indian official, had ever used. They came at a moment when the White House was apprehensive that the bombing might impel the Soviet Union to cancel Nixon's scheduled trip to Moscow. To underscore the administration's irritation, L.

K. the Indian ambassador here, was summoned to the office of John N. Irwin II, the under secretary of state, to be read a lecture about his country's "unfriendly act. There have been periodic middle-level contacts between the two governments since then. However, in the words of one Indian diplomat, "we meet, but we don't really say anything, at least not about the important is- December fighting whye India sent her nrmej forces into East Pakisjio on behalf of the Berigafi rebels.

To the Nixon administration, the Indian action amounted to a betrayaMf trust. Just a few wees earlier Mrs. Indira G'al-dhi, the prime ministejj-, had been assured in Walh-ington by Nixon and Henry A. Kissinger, his national security adviser, that the U.S. was actively attempting to avert war through" a policy of "quiet diplomacy" with the regimeof Gen; A a Mohammad Yahya Khan, who was then the Pakistani president.

Although Mrs. Garuihi made no promises, she reportedly left, the two men with the distinct impression that India would defer military action against Pakistan until the political options were exhausted! Indian sources insist that Mrs. Gandhi made it clear that India was reaching the end of her patience and would be forced to act shortly. They also argue that it was evident that Yahya Khan would not; spend to anything but military pressure. The atmosphere between Washington and New Delhi was further soured in January, when India upgraded her diplomatic mission in Hanoi from consular to ambassadorial level.

This sudden move was interpreted as a clear rebuff to the U.S. for its pro-Pakistani policy. Another element in the deterioration of relations was the publication in January of the secret minutes of a series of high-level administration meetings on the Indian-Pakistani war by Jack Anderson, the syndicated columnist. The Anderson papers, as they came to be called, embarrassed the administration because they docu-m the President's personal anger at India and his repeated instructions that U.S. policy should be made to "tilt" in favor of Pakistan.

If and when the two governments begin a "serious dialogue," each will probably seek a seines of assurances from the other'-'-at the outset. Girl Scouts Meet Julie WASHINGTON (AP) A i7-year-6id Girl ScOui from a small farm in Nebraska burst into tears of excitement today when she shook hands with President Nixon's daughter, Julie Eisenhower, at a White House East Garden reception. "I've never been any place like this before," said Janet Frink.as she listened to the Marine Band. "I'm just so excited." Miss i of West Point, could not. control her tears and she wasn't the only one among the 150 senior Girl Scouts from 43 states all national award winners; who were invited to the White House.

House Votes to Keep Preclearance Offices WASHINGTON (AP)j Reversing an earlier decision, the House voted Friday to allow six Customs Bureau preclearance "offices abroad to remain open if customs agents re given more enforcement powers. Pontiff Congratulates American Bishop VATICAN CITY (AP) 5 Pope Paul VI has sent-a letter of congratulations ho John Joseph Cardinal Wright, former archbishop of Pittsburgh, wfo celebrated his 25th anniversary as a bishop -Fri- sky finished a disappointing sixth. Alexander Kotov, one of the Soviet Union's 35 international grandmasters, said with some delicacy that Spassky's game had developed some "weak points." With Fischer's dazzling rise in full view, Spassky saw his game in decline. He immediately began what Kotov called a "complete overhaul" of his game and his life-style. A man who likes a pretty face, a good meal, Western clothes and fast cars, Spassky has been liv-, ing like a monk and training like a fighter.

Hours of study and experiment at the chess board, hours of exercise to develop physical endurance and a rigid diet have been the components of that life. Spassky, whose placid calm has become something of a legend, has displayed some impatience with newsmen sent to Reykjavik to report the match. He's not used to being exposed to them. In addition to his irritation, he refuses to speak about chess or his state of preparation. Yefim Geller.

a Soviet grandmaster Spassky chose to be his second, says the champion is "calm and confident." That was the most the Soviet camp would say as the match neared. Spassky was born in Leningrad 35 years ago to Jewish parents. He learned chess at an early age, challenging grown men to match their skills wilh his in the ever-present park bench games in Russia. He became a chess master at 16 and a grandmaster at IS. Nevertheless he entered Leningrad University and got a degree in journalism.

It wasn't until he was 31, and was thrashed in a tournament by an older man, that he decided to stop being what he called a "dilettante" in the game. He began devoting his full energy to it. In 196G, though he was considered the better player, he lost narrowly to Tigran Petrosian, another Soviet star, in the world championship. Three years later he was back, to win. In the Soviet Union ho lives a good life.

As part of the privileged class, Spassky. married and the father of two children, has access to things average Russians don't: travel, Western consumer goods, comfortable housing. He also has come to enjoy a certain popularity. His curly brown hair and bright green eyes give him the look of a Soviet matinee idol, and girls stop him on the street for his autograph, as they would had he accepted the acting career he was once offered. But unlike the great majority of the privileged stratum in the Soviet Union, Spassky is not a member of the Communist Party.

What privileges he enjoys he has won in uncompromising competition on the chess board. the century." At the age of 14 playing in a shirt, dungarees and sneakers he won his first national championship. At 15, he became the youngest chess competitor in history to win the rating of grand master. In the years that have followed, Fischer has done more than any man before him to popularize the sport of chess in the United Slates, and, single-handedly, has generated more controversy. Over the years, Fischer has complained about the lighting, the scheduling, the spectators, the air conditioning, the living conditions and the purses of his matches, and he quit some of them.

He refused to compete in the last two world champion 1 eliminations, charging that the Russian players had rigged the tournaments by playing for draws against one another and for wins against Westerners. As a result, the International Chess Federation (FIDE) has tightened its-rules on tournament draws and changed the challengers' competition from round-robin to man-to-man elimination. Now mounting his first real bid for the world title, Fischer appears to have tempered his quarrels with officials to pursue what he calls "a sense of mission to win the championship." Jiy Associated Press When he: won his U.S. chess championship at the age of 14, Bobby Fischer observed with nearly galling relish, "I like to see 'em squirm." Now 29 and facing Russia's Boris Spassky for the world title, Fischer remains one of the most controversial and most successful players in the game's history. As passionately devoted to his privacy as he is to his game, Fischer has a public record for being sullen, high-strung, a prima donna and chronic corn-plainer.

But while his actions outside tournaments may be unexpected and perplexing, his game inside is legendary an aggressive strategy dotted with ferocious attacks that have left his opponents exhausted. Bobby Fischer wants no more and no less to win. And he has done so with incredible consistency, winning a total of eight U.S. championships and dominating recent international play. Described by chess master Anthony Saidy as "the most rounded chess genius of all time," Fischer now seeks the only title that has ever eluded him the world championship held by the Russians since WIS, and by Spassky for the past three years.

Fischer, a solidly built fi'-2" bachelor, was born in Chicago and, after his parents were divorced, moved to Brooklyn with his mother and an older sister in 1949. Mis first contact with chess came a short time later when his mother brought home a small, dime store chess sot and taught him the moves from an instruction sheet. Joining 1he Brooklyn Chess Ciub at S. Fischer earned a Rosrrve Rating in the strong Chess Club by the time he was, V2 and had played in his first national tournaments. Ho burst into the big time one year later, winning the U.S.

Junior Chess Championship and having one of his competition games acclaimed by elder chess statesman Hans Kmoch as "the game of "I'm tired of being the. unofficial champion," he said. As he faces the opening game in Reykjavik, Iceland, Fischer is riding a wave of victories unprecedented in the history of chess. In the first of three elimination matches to determine the challenger to Spassky, Fischer defeated Soviet grand master Mark Taimanov by the startling score of 6-0 the first time in chess history that one grand master had shut out another without a single drawn game. Two months later, Fischer attacked Denmark's brilliant Bent Larsen like a computerized steamroller and won again, 6-0; it was the equivalent of pitching back-to-back perfect games in baseball.

With 19 consecutive victories in grand master play, Fischer then secured his right to play Spassky for the title, defeating former world champion Russian Tigran Petrosian, 6V'S to No chess player in history could show a record like it. Now primed mentally and physically for probably the most important match of his career, Fischer has no doubt about the outcome. "It's nice to be modest, but it would be stupid if 1 did not tell the truth," he says. "I should have boon world champion ten voars ago." Move Is Urged For Legislature SACRAMENTO (AP) The state architect said today the old domed California Capitol is so dangerous that guided tours should be stopped at once and the legislature should be moved to temporary quarters. Kinney Taking Job At Maritime College SAN DIEGO.

Calif. (AP) Pvear Adm. Sheldon H. Kinney, commander of the Pacific Fleet cruiscr-do-stroyer force, is retiring from the Navy to become president of the Maritime College at Fort Schuyler, N. Y.

New Park Usage Standards Urged DOUGHTON, N.C. (AP) Secretary of the Interior Rogers C. B. Morton said today some national parks have traffic jams rivaling congested urban roadways, and he declared new-standards for park usage must be set. Record Broken For Deep-Dive SAN" DIEGO (AP) Divers using the latest experimental equipment went feet below the Pacific ocean's surface, breaking the world docp-diving record by six feot, the Navy said Thursday..