St. Albans Daily Messenger from Saint Albans, Vermont • 1

PRICE TWO CENTS ESTABLISHED 1861. ST. ALBANS, VERMONT, THURSDAY, JANUARY 4, 1917. DEPORTED MEN Says Individuals Should Be Held to Account to Taxpayers Recommends Vesting Central Executive Authority in Board of Control Favors Concentrating Duties of Several Boards in Few New Officials in Interests of Efficiency Advocates Number of Court Reforms Other Recommendations Bases Plan on His Long Experience. RUSSIA'S LIKE Last Remaining Hold in Dobrudja May Bs Broken by Fall of BRAELA SERIOUSLY.

THREATENED Teutons Pressing Heavily in Western Moldavia Entente Defense Seems Firmer at That Point. Russia's last remaining hold In th Roumanian province of Dohrudja haa been so badly shaken by the loss of Matchin to Field Marshal von Mac.U-ensen's forces that it seems doubtful if she can much longer retain her gray-on any of this trans-LKinube territory. Dispatches from Entente sources indicate an expectation that she probably will be forced poon to abandon it. West of the Danube at this point, Uraila, the important Roumanian grain and oil storage depot, is still held by the Russians, but is considered doubtful if it can hold out long under as serious a threat as is supplied by the German-Bulgarian operations across the river. The line of the Sereth.

to which the Russ'ans have retired further northwestward, runs just north of B-aila. The expectation Is indicated in the dispatches, however, that the prolonged defense of the city has given time for the removal of the valued stores of provis'ons and materials which it contained. On the western Moldavian frontier, where heavy pressure by the armies of the Central Powers has been exerted, the defense of the Russians and Roumanians seems somewhat firmer. The latest Perograd official statement doea not concede any further withdrawals along thrs tront in the face of attacks, although, "further progress at one of two points was claimed by Berlin. No operations of importance have been reported from any of the other fronts.

Russians Gain in Carpathians. The capture by Russian forces on the Roumanian front of 600 prisoners, three cannons, and 16 machine, guns, together with some mine throwers and bomb mortars, is announced in to-day's war office statement from Petrograd. This success resulted from an attack on hostile positions on heights to the south of Botochu in the wooded Carpathians. Ends Dobrudja Defense. Tlie capture of Matchin is regarded in London as ending the defense of Dobrudja.

The Russians held the Matchin bridgehead in order to protect Draila from the rear, says a dispatch. Nothing now remains to them except a narrow strip of land between mcrshes which carry' 'he highway to Braila. The Germans and Bulgarians are in a position to push their guns within a mile of Braila and it is assumed that, if the invaders capture the latter town, the Russian line west of the Danube will bo withdrawn. It is taken for granted that the prolonged resistance to the German advance has enabled the defenders to remove the stores of grain and other material from Braila. Norway Maintains Embargo.

A Copenhagen dispatch to the Elx-c'nunge Telegraph Co. in london say that most of the' Norwegian papers have attacked the British minister In Christiania in connection with the eri-bargo on coal proclaimed by Gr3at Britain. One newspaper reports that the Norwegian reply has been handed the British representative and that it leaves no doubt that Norway in loyally maintaining the export prohibition regarding tish and other goods. The Gazette says that there is a great fpiantity of coal in Norway and prospects of a shortage. Swjas to Represent Austria.

The Austrian (government has oskeJ Switzerland to represent interest in the unoccupied portion of Roumanin, says a Geneva dispatch. The peditical department had Accordingly instructed the Swiss clnrge d'atTVres at Jassy to tk n' lntretn. Fleveal-j Crand! in British Army. An army scandal, involving the exercise of influence over high officer VOTE TO SUPPORT HOGAH Franklin and Grand Isle County Legislators Will Urge St. Albans Man for a Judgeship.

(Special to The Messenger.) Montpelier, Jan. 4. 'With the opening of the legislature no time has been lost in the preparation for the contest for the judgeship which it is expected will be occasioned by the retirement of Chief Justice Loveland Munson from the supreme bench. The ordinary procedure when a supremo court justice retires is to promote a judge from the superior court, and this is what will be done this time, in all probability. St.

Albans has a candidate in the person of George M. Hogan, who has been given the support of the Franklin County liar Association and at a meeting held late yesterday afternoon by most of the members of the Franklin and Grand Isle county delegations to the general assembly; i was tht unanimous opinion that Mr. Hogan's candidacy should be actively advanced. Friends of Mr. Hogan found, by circulating among the lawyers who attended the meeting of the Vermont State Bar Association here Tuesday night that the St.

Albans man's candidacy was looked upon with favor lawyers from all sections of the state It is recognized, of course, that the sentiment of the bar is one thing ami the sentiment of the legislature, which has the electing power, is another, but the approval of Mr. Hogan by hi brother attorneys is considered source of strength to him at thts time. Grand Isie and Franklin county feel that they are entitled to a judge, and especially when they can present a candidate of the recognized worth ol Mr. Hogan. and the argument that these two counties, covering a considerable territory, now have to journey to Hurlington or some other place in order to get any court paper signed, is admitted to have great weight.

For the of litigants, and to save ex'pense, it is felt that a judge should be nearer at hand. This is the view that the legislature had always taken up until the death ol Judge A. A. ill, a few years ago. Mr.

Hogan's friends are greatly eiv conraged by the show of strength lit is making, and now that the legislators from this section have taken such a decided stand in his favor, thev are not without confidence as to the outcome. Federal Reserve Board Reports or Finances of Leading Powers at War Allies Hit Hardest. Washington, Jan. 4. The increase the national debt of Great Britain France, Russia, Germany, and Austria-Hungary is estimated by the feueru reserve board at $49,4.15,000.0110 fron the beginn'ng of the war to the lattei part of 1316, with the exception o.

Austria-Hungary, in whose case tin estimate extends only to May, 1916. Twenty-nine billions is the threi F.ntentc nations' share of the total and twenty billions is that of the t.v 'i tral Powers. This estimate, the board stated, tabulations made public to-day. is approximate and does not cover the cost of the war, as lange revenues of undetermined amount have been raised by internal taxations. Following an the estimated national debt increases: Great Hritain, to Novemb 11, France, to August 31, 1S1 r.uo.ooo.

I'uissia, to December 31, 1916 Total nor the Entente O'-tO. Germany, to Octolier 27, 1916 $1-V Austria, to May, 1916 $3,716.200,0 -Hi Hungary, to May. 1916 con. Total for Germanic Notions 192.200,000. Great Britain's national debt, tla board estimates was in November, 'having risen from $3,449,813,130 in March 1914.

KEYES NOW GOVERNOR. New. Hampshire's Executive and Other Officials Take Office To-day. Concord, N. H-.

Jan. 4. In the presence of state officials, members of the legislature, and a large ot other spectators, Henry IW. Kcyes was to-day inaugurated governor of New iamprhi'-e. At the same time other tate offices chosen at the November election were" sworn into office.

The. lew governor is a Republican nn-3 mcceeds Holland H- Sv.auldir.tr, also a jepublican. Gov. Henry W. Keyes, in his inaugural address to the legislature, said that in view of present uncertainty in tegard to the futur eof the National Guard," it seemed desirable that a state constabulary" should br established.

He urged legislation to prevent state troops from being deprived -of their vote when absent from the state, as was the case with tht New Hampshire guardsmen at the Mexican border last fall and suggested rorsideration of a general law for absentee voting. GATES DELIVERS tiring Executive Makes Sug gestions in Address to Legislature To-Day WANTS ROAD POLICY CONTINUED Discusses Parole System and "White Plague" Fight Would Tax Hydro-Electric Plants. (Special to The Messenger.) Montpelier, Jan. 4. iov.

Charles W. Gates, ho retires from' the office ot the chief executive of the state to-day, this morning delivered his farewell mcspage to a joint assembly in the chamber of the house of representatives: The galleries were filled with visitors and the governor was given a most cordial reception. 1 Governor Gates dwelt with the various departments of government and state activity separately and his message was a lengthy document. His recommendations were more in the way of suggestion than in the outlining of any definite policies. He expressed his appreciation of the cooperation which has been given him during fiTs" terra, saying that he felt that "no governor in all the history of the state could have been more fortunate in his associates than I have been." The retiring governor gave his thinks to the press of the state for their "unsolicited and unstinted support." He bespoke for his successor.

Governor Graham, "the same loyalty and co-operation fiiat have been afforded me." The governor made no mention ot the situation that has developed as a result of the suggestion contained in the report of the trustees of state agricultural schools that the state might be able to effect a real economy by supporting only one such school instead of the two which are supported now. Neither did the chief executive have anything to say regarding a change in the frame work of adminis-'ration of the state's business, which lgured so largely in Governor Graham's address, delivered this afternoon. No mention is made of the direct primary act. which, it is urged by many, should at least be amended rc, that parly enrolment, giving the state a closed primary, will be required. Mora, Money for State Building.

After referring to the convenience in the transaction of state business that had come from having the permanent executive offices of the state always open at Montpeliep-. Governor Crates took up the matter of the state building which is under construction for the use of the state library, the supreme court, the historical society, and other state purposes, for the construction of which was appropriated in If the building is to h-pioperly finished giving it "a charactci more nearly in accord with this class of modern structures in other states and in keeping with the dignity of the state, an additional ajipropri-uion will be necessary." but the sum needed was not stated by the governor. State Insurance. The legislature is asked to consider whether the time has not come whe the state should carry a part of its own insurance and "thereby red lire the amount of premiums now being paid annually." The passage of a law, providing for the creation of an ade-ouite sinking fund, is asked by Mr. Gates.

House of Correction and State Prison. The governor is very well pleased with conditions at te house of correction at Rutland and at the state nison in Windsor. He recommended tlie purchase of more land for the house of correction. Conditions never have been better at Windsor, according to the governor. The prison population is smaller than it has been for vears.

and affairs are so conducted that "there is no reason why many of these unfortunate men cannot become Tond citizens and get a new grasp on iife as they go out from there." The "00-acre farm purchased at a cost of $4,000 has justified itself in the governor's oi'inion. Extension of Parole System. The parole system has been carefully worked out to advantage and warrants for recommitment have been irsued on the slightest breach of tlie conditions of the paroles. Imring the vist two years more than TiO have been returned to serve out their sentences. The system ought to be ex-fended and enlarged, although no suggestion os to how this should be done is made by the governor, "and some system of obtaining positions far these men as they leave prison would a grent help." The Industrial School.

The governor found during his ad-ciinistration that the industrial school Vergennes was a most useful In. stitution, although boys and girls are now sent there who ought to be on fifth page. FAREWELL WORDS BADLY TREATED Belgians Returning Home from Soltau, Prussia, Camp in Broken Health SOME SEEM TO NAVE TUBERCULOSIS Little Nourishment in Food Given Them Some Driven Insane Deaths Occur Daily. The Hague, Netherlands, via London, Jan, 4. The lirst reports received directly from Belgians deported to Germany, who have been invalided from the camp at Soltau, Prussia, has iiecn given to The Associated Press.

These persons were returned from Germany because they were in ai-most a dying condition. A number ot them who were interviewed while separated from each other agreed in their stories of conditions prevailing in the Soltau camp. Seventy of the Belgians were sent home in a crowded cattle truck attached to a freight train. It took them three days and three nights for the journey, which is usually made by express trains in six hours. They arrived home in an emaciated condition, coughing, the greater number of them bearing evidence of having contracted tuberculosis.

According to the statements made by, these Helgians, while in the civil camp ut Soltau, they received at 6 o'clock in the morning- a bowl of some decoction mule orn acorns. At mi 1-day tlioy received half a liter ot soup, containing much water and a few turnips, caots, and shrimps-, served without bread or potatoes. At 3 o'clock there was given to them 200 grams (slightly more than half a pound) of black bread, bad and often mildewed, in the evening, as at midday, they received half a liter ot soup, sometimes containing bran or brown maize. Under this regime the stronger men went under and the weak soon fell ill so that, the say, deaths occurred daily. Two of the Belgians are said to have become insane the first week.

The torments of hunger drove them to such extremes that they crept into the kitchens and collected pealings of potatoes, turnips, and carrots. RtPLY OFF TO MEXICANS Mott Carries Message to Conferees New York Answers Carranza's Rejection of Protocol. Washington, Jan. 4. The American reply to General Carranza's rejection of the protocol for withdrawal of American troops 'rem Mexico was today taKen to Xuis Cabrera, chairman of the Mexican commissioners, in New York, by Dr.

K. Mott, of the American commissioners. The report of the American commissioner that further negotiations with the Mexicans were useless ha-s received the approval of President Wilson, and if there is another meeting it will be merely for the observances of the formalities of'ending the conferences. The American commissioners advised the President to act independently and of his own initiative in the withdrawal of troops and to provide lor dipjomatic channels through winch other questions can be taken up. MEXICANS SAY NOT GUILTY.

Men Accused of Shipping Munitions Held Under Heavy Bail. New York. Jr.n. 4. The four Mexicans indicted with Juan T.

Burns. Mexican consul-general here, for con-fpiring to phip munitions of wa" to Mexico in violation of President 'Wii-son's arms embargo proclamation, pleaded not guilty in the federal district court to-day. Ixiuis Gotting and Wencesloa Mont, in business as the Adic Kxport Impart Co. alleged tJ have been the shippers of the munitions, were held in $10,000 bail each and Jose la Paz. an employee of the company, and Iteuben Mier, arrested in Texas anil brought here, wenj held in bail each.

Consul-General Burns pleaded not guilty yesterday and is now unccr bail. RESCUE ENTOMBED MINERS. Ten of Twelve Buried at Gilrriore SavedThree Killed by Explosion. I'illon, Mont. 4 Of 12 men c- tombed by an explosion of gasoline flip 400 foot level or the Pits slnir'-f leal and silver mine at GUmore.

Idaho. es-terday. 10 were rescued early to-lay. Three men were killed by the "Third, before you send to the governor a measure for his approval, first ascertain if the public good or the pio-t'-Ction of a private right really for its enactment. We already have tor many laws more honored in the breach than in the observance.

Iyet us not 'it this session continue to till The s'atutes with further useless and unnecessary legislation. "When this nation and this stitt were founded the wants and needs of the people were few and simple. population and increased tnd ways of communication became morf general, our constantly changing anj advancing civilization demanded tint tlie general government of the nation and of the state take on new activities. "The form of the legislative department of government has remained substantially unchanged, likewise the judicial department, Unit the executive deijartment has continued from decade1 to decade to Increase in number ol departments and officials. Executive ofhoers, some appointed by and responsible to the chief executive, others appointed in the same manner but an-, pi.rently thereafter responsible to tin.

one. all exercising extensive functions of government, some similar and some conflicting in character. hove bee! created; until to-day the problem confronting not only Vermont but her sister states is now best to re-arrange these different officers, boards, and commissions so as to give at once si simple, and efficient, and economical administration. "We cannot return to the simplieit of the fathers if we would, therefore we must try to set our house in dti to meet existing conditions. "To-day the state must certainly provide for the education of her youth, the construction of her highways, the care of her criminal, her insane, her feeble minded, and her wayward and her unfortunate people.

She must Iook to her financial institutions, the proper! collection and expenditure of her revenues, the encouragement of agriculture, the advertising of her resources and tlie preservation to iier people of those natural resources that belong to the people a i a whole. These and like matters concern you, and the ways ami means by which these things shali lit done, are for you to plan and work out. "The recommendations I r-lmll maki are not based on theory or hearsay but are conclusions I have reached l.j daily contact of over 14 years with the business of the state. "Our large private corporations art successful not because of the effort? of some particular individual, but because of the united efforts of a number of persons, each of whom is held responsible for some phase of the corporation's activities. An individual, not a group of employees, must render account and pay the penalty Jl stewardship is not satisfactory.

Tin modern state is a business corporn'ior and idnmld be run as such. Individuals not boards or commissions, should bf held to account by the taxpayers. imposing upon one officer duties now being performed by one or mort boards or commissions', such an of tit er will require assistance, but ea fc officer must be held responsible fur the aits of the state's employees under him. "As the heads of the numerous departments of a private corporation a advised and directed by its pros id and directorate, the heads of stjti derailments should be under the exe- utivo ar.tj a board to advise and net with him. Recommendations.

"I am of the opinion that in addition to the six elective St ite officers constitutional and statutory, the cm-tral executive authority should vestej in a board of stat" cont ol SOME OPPOSITION TO GRAHAM'S IDEAS (Special to The Messenger.) Montpelier, Jan. 4. Practically the entire legislative day was passed today v.ith the ceremonies, incident to the change of government from the Gates to the Graham administration. Governor dates this morning delivered his farewell message before the joint assembly and the galleries were filled with visitors. One of the most interested listeners was Mr.

Graham, who this afternoon delivered his containing many important suggestions. There was nothing in Governor Gates' message that prepared the fo- Mr. Graham's, the addresses being of an entirely different nature. Toe one being for the most part a review, the other looking into the future. Govern Graham's suggestions or the remodeling of the courts, increas-ng the size of the supreme court, ai.

i abolishing the superior courts, upon lawyers' ears which did not to listen. The bar favors the continuing of the present dual court sysfrra and lawyer menibers of the house a ad the senate predict that this part of governor's program will not rceivf favorable action. It is confidently pre. dieted that evi, should the ho isc adopt Mr. Graham's suggestions, thv will meet an adverse fate in the senate.

There are also indications that the proposed new rules will ienmU'i fatal opposition in somo The rules were revised by a special commission, the purpose to eliminate those old rules -wirc'i made for delay, substituting thow which would make for dispatch in legislation. A well-informed stute official s.ii.l th's morning that there was li'tle the suggestions would be entertained, saying that he expected that ill the rules which would hurry along will be rejected and the old retained. "When they think the new rules will let them get through toward the end of February they don't like it." was bis comment. THE GOVERNOR'S RECEPTION. Hundreds at State House to Meat State's Prominent People.

(Special to The Messenger.) Montpelier, 4. Hundreds cf persons thronged the state house last evening to attend he reception ten dered by the outgoing governor. Charles W- Gates, to the incomine governor, 1 lorace V. Graham. The reception line was formed in the execu tive chamber and included Governor Gates, with his daughter.

Miss Kdith Gates. Governor Gralmm with his sis ter, -Miss Isabelle Graham, Koger with his daughter Lieutenant-Governor and rMta. Halo K. Darling; and Mrs. K.

Smith. ex-Governer and Mrs. AV. W. Stickney; ex-Governor and Mrs.

E. K. l'ingree. Congressman and Mrs. I'oi -ter Dale, and Xlr.

and Mis. Kobert Graham, ot New York. Mr. Graham is brother of tha new governor. Sargeant-at-Anns Kran.c T.

was master of ceremonies. Lee S. Tillotson, of St. Albans, direct ed ihe governor's Varty. The ushers were Maj.

Tlenjamiii Gates, who succeeds Governor Graham in the auditor's office Maj. George C. Carpenter, of Xoillifield, Mij. Harvey Goodcll. new secretary of civil and military affairs, and Taul Gates, son of the i e-tiring governor.

In the chamber of the house of representatives the Montpelier orchestra pla'ed during the evening. Reunion of 19C8 Legislature. (Special to The Messenger.) Montpelier, Jan. 1. The reunion of the legislature of liiOS will be held Wednesday, February 7.

The banquet will be served the Montpelier house. John W. I'ntredt, of is in charge of the TELLS HOW FIRE COULD BE Electrician Describes Device in Trie of Sfall at Ossipee To-day. Jan. 4.

The pos i li 'r vingemetit of an incendiary devin bv which the fire that destroyed tollhouse Jn which Mrs. Florence A. Sma! was killed could have been set eight i 10 hours after her husband. Frederic! L. Small, left for Boston September -S vas the subject of further tcslimo.n at the trial of Small on a charg, murder to-day.

Franklin S. Teioer, an electrlciin affirmatively to a quest in: whether a fire could lie timed k' st 'i 'e-l bv a eomViuition of v. snark nlugs, a coil, an slarm clock and other articles found in th" nrr the Sni'ill cottage. At least 40.000,000 persons are con nected with Christian churches in th (Special to The Messenger.) iMontpelier, Jan. 4.

Those who looked forward to some progressive recommendations in the inaugural address of Gov. Horace K. Graham, ot Craftsbury, who took the oath of or-flce this afternoon, were not disappointed, for the incoming governor outlined a new 'plan of carrying on the state's business which he declares win make for efficiency and economy. The new governor said at the outset that the recommendations he was to make were "not based on theory or hearsay but are the conclusions I have reached toy daily contact of over-14 years with "the business of the state." Governor Graham has been state auditor loi many years. Uuvenuir Graham declared that "the modern state is a business corporation and should be run as such.

Individuals not boards or commissions, should lit held to account to the taxpayers." The governor recommended that the central executive authority be vested In a board of "tate control composed of the governor, the commisisoner o-agrlculture, and forestry, the director of state Institutions, the purchasing agent, and state engineer, in addition to the six elective state officers, constitutional, and statutory, the governoi acting as chairman of the board and his secretary of civil and military affairs acting as its secretary and recording officer. Mr. Graham would concentrate the power of appointment very greatly in the chief executive, subject to the approval of the board of control, ana would provide for the removal of any and all appointive officers when their work was not satisfactory to him. The members of the public service commission, the commissioners of taxes, and the members of the board of control would be nominated by the governor and approved by the senate. Mr.

Graham would create some new officials; a director of state institutions, who would exercise duties now performed Iby several commissions, a director of public health, exercising all the duties of the board of health, a commissioner of industries, combining the duties of the industrial accident board and the factory inspector, a state engineer, and insurance commissioner, and would have the commissioner of agriculture perform the duties now performed by the board ot agriculture, commissioner of agriculture, state torester, live stock commissioner and the state ornithologist. Great interest attached to the governor's recommendations In regard to the courts. Briefly he recommended that the superior court be done away with and that the number of the justices of the supreme court be increased to nine. There should be two terms of jury court in each county a year aztd the court should be open at all times for trial of issues of fact. This means that a part of the supreme bench would be doing the work of the present superior court and that each justice remain at least a year in the same circuit.

The number of terms of the supreme court should be reduced to three a year. The governor also recommended that the municipal and city courts be reorganized into 12 district court covering the whole state, such' courts to be given enlarged criminal jurisdiction and final jurisdiction up to $jflO. He also made other important recommendations regarding the courts, which will be found in his complete message. The new governor makes further recommendations looking to efficiency and economy and avoidance of duplication of effort. T.he complete message wis as follows: Governor Graham's Message.

"I am not here this afternoon to give an account of a I am here to perform a duty imposed upon me hv the constitution. Before I bring to your attention those recommendations I have in mind, I wish to oftVr a word of advice will apply to of us. 'First, do not begin woriy t-'i whether this session wUl be lonf? or short. Set yourselves resolutely to the solving of the problems as thev present themselves. and hov'iig given to those that your adjourn.

"Second. -ou be "itabi in your owl mi' rl that a pioj.rr fore of the l''v as it now st.inds or a new er.de.iver of government re.i iires it and that it. is nftt bv sime personal inter- by a prominent society woman, I de-( rihed in the repr-rt of a court of In-q'liry issued l'tst night, and Mr. Co: nwa His-West, wiTo of Col. William Cornv.Hllis-West.

nnd jitother of Wis princess of Pless. and of the Ouches of Westminster, is officially severely censured. The late Sir Arthur Basil Mark ham. Liberal member of Parliament for the Mansffrld division of Nottinghamshire, who died last At'gust. demanded an inquiry in the House Tf Com-mons into this itter and was seconded by Irish members, who declared that a young Irish officer's honor wa's involved.

It wince developed that the officer was Lieut. Patric'r Barrett, of the Welsh Puailers. (Continued on second pr-l of the governor, the commissioner of agriculture and forestry the director of state institutions, agnt and the state the governor acting as chairman of the hoard and his scc-etary 0 civil and military affairs as it? and recording officer. nients made by the governor slueilt be suli.ivit to the approval of the boar'' members i the public servo urmi sii the commissioner txes. th hank r.nvimi.-sinier nrd tlie member of this and tlu-se officers stiovl lie nominated by the governor an confirmed bv the senate.

This boar, with the chairmen of th" fininc com CTtinuPcJ on third page. States,.