The Buffalo Times from Buffalo, New York • 21

Till BUFFALO SUNDAY TEIES. 41 Succsssor to SAMUtL McCUTCHEOK C. I Coppor and CI: set I kill Uiljlli illlllJii!) HEASED EOF General STiCMl STEEL IS CUR SALVAIIOH Go ntractors -srr i for all kinds of Submarine Work, River and a Improvements, Bock and Breakwater Building, Pipe Laying for water supply, Tunnels and Pneumatic Work, Concrete Foundations a Heavy Construction of every character. OFFICE HO. II04III0 D.

i MORRIS ALLAN Builders and General (onnrs 20 Builders' Exchange BUFFALO, N. Y. and NORTH TONA WANDA, N. Y. Daniel- E.

Manns GENERAL CONTRACTOR Pile' Driving, Dock and Trestle Building DOCK AND FOUNDATION BUILDING AND REPAIRING OAK AND BEECH PILING AND TIMBER HOISTING ENGINES, LIGHTERS AND PUMPS, WITH CREWS IF DESIRED, OR RENTED, BOUGHT AND SOLD Contractors' Outfit for Rent Phone, Oxford 5354 FRANK SWEET Contractor S'lrttcluralSteet WorIC ERECTOR OF STEEL STRUCTURES Corragated Iraa and Asbestos Protected Metal Reofiof and Siding a Specialty NO. 540 GLENWOOD AVENUE, BUFFALO. N. Y. Yard at East Delavan, Gillett Ave.

and Belt Line DOTH PHONES J. G. VOGT Bell Phone, -Frontier VOGT, BERGNER CO. BUILDERS 95 and 97 Washington Street, BUFFALO, N. Y.

Specifications and Estimates Made for All Building Work Jobbing a Specialty In All Branches, Promptly Attended To. Outside Work as well as Mill Work. Sllctal r.lanufsotory fitting, and Electrical "Work 1 Steamboat and Engineer? Supplietf Machine and Bratt Finimhing. Copper ClifniB Whistles and Valves 16-18-20-22 STREET Seneca 1970-R Phone 188 BERGNER BUFFALO, N. Y.

large building, strange as It may seem, that color is most appropriate; it serves to brighten a facade In a way that no amount of modeled detail could. Some of th other Buffalo buildings built wholly or in part of Terra Cotta are the- Providence Retreat, Homeopathic Hospital, Buffalo Seminary, Lafayette High School, Wjn. Hengerer Shea's Theater, and the New York Telephone Bulldin now being erected. A Pig in a Poke. I Prom the LOndon Globe.

A pig poker is a dealer, in pigs not the large and portly fellow whom you meet now and again at the country market with a cargo of a hundred or more pigs of all ages, hape and sizes for sale, but. a. little man, who "for the' most part -carries hla wares upon bis back, or occasionally perhaps in a wheelbarrow A "poke" of course is a pocket or sack, and a pig poker therefore is one who deals in pigs carried round from place to place In a poke, (. The old proverb anent the foolishness of a pig in a poke" -has Its origin of.course In this time-honored method --of pig purveying. 1ETZ BROS.

COMPANY GEHEHL C'JILCL'j COnTRACTORS Offices, 3d FLOOR GUILDERS' EXCHANGE Yard, 1295 Filmore Avenue, Buffalo, N. Y. Mason work, carpenter work. plain and reinforced concrete work, plastering, etc. General contracts for general building construe tion solicited.

GEO. W. CARTER, President. F. J.

GAR WIN, Vice-President C. S. A. COE, Secretary. Treasurer and General Manager.

LAtJCnSTEn BRICK a TILE CO. Manufacturers of Hollow Brick and Drain Tile. Office, Works, 14 BUILDERS' ON ERIE RAILROAD, NEAR Buffalo, N. Y. Town Line, N.

Y. Who Furnished the Hollow Bricks on This Building.) 1 of a complete and well connected framework of iron or steel capable of carrying not only the floors but the walls, roof and every other part of the building, and efficiently constructed with wind bracing devices to secure independent safety tinder all conditions of loading and exposure, all loads being transmitted to the ground through columns at predetermined points. With the introduction of cheap structural steel, steel cage construction came rapidly into use. The bracing of these structures Is accomplished by the introduction at the angles of the columns and girders of beams or knee braces, or by diagonal straps or rods" attached by pin or rivet connections. AH portions of the frame are united by hot rivets of mild steel or wrought iron.

The greatest care is taken to see that "all-rivet holes are accurately punched, and if necessary that they are rhymed so that each rivet will have its full value. v-. i At the shop the steel girders receive a coat of paint and, after erection two additional coats; the first red lead, with oxide -paint for the finishing coat. Steel construction possesses great advantage in the time required for erection. When once the site is cleared and the foundations prepared and set, work can be pushed on the walls at different stories at one and the same time.

In the: Commercial Cable Building, New- York, seven complete tiers, aggregating 7,000 tons, were erected' in nine weeks. 1. In the Unity Building, Chicago, of 17 stories, the metal framework from basement columns to finished roof was completed in the same "length of time. Steel construction has- also made rJ 5 possible the wonderful bridges of the present! with their Immense spans. One of the most noted of these is the Queensboro Bridge, crossing the East River from New York to Brooklyn.

This bridge is the second largest of the cantilever type In the world, ''rbejng exceeded in length by the Firth of Forth Bridge, Scotland. It Is estimated that the weight of, the steep used in the Queensboro Bridge aggregates 60,000 necessitating in fit, support yards of masonry in piers and, foundations. the erection, of the bridge -the pieces of steel were excessively heavy. AH material waa floated to Black-well's Island), upon which the center pier was and unloaded with special 65-ton derricks. Eyebars were packed together and lifted as one member.

All heavy members were lifted with special- lifting Falsework was of steel, specially designed. --for the erection, of the Island spa, and later of the east and west anchor arms, extending to Brooklyn end New York respectively. The erection of the steel was accomplished by two different travelers to permit of of The first traveler was' composed of derricks and erected the lower floor system and half of tht truss of the anchor span. The second traveler was- typical inside shaped cantilever traveler, weighing approximately .600 tons. This necessary as the bridge.

Is hung In a cradle from flared columns, prohibiting an outside traveler, the height: of the traveler-being limited by the fact that, it must go under the portal, which latter must be in place on account of the thrust- in it. Therefore a large derrick had to be used on top of the traveler to raise the parts of the tower and truss above the traveler. In one day 512 tons of steel was erected which is said by engineers to constitute a. REAL ESTATE BULLETIN The members of the New York Real Estate Board of Brokers are apparently ready writers on many subjects. That is.the reasdn the "Bulletin" issued by the organization is a novel literary gem, as well as being a reliable index in many spheres of the realty business.

One article written recently by a member of the board is entitled "Waste Not Want Not." It Is in part as follows: "Have you ever noticed the blue flame over the top of a furnace fire? That is too much draft swinging the half consumed coal gas 'from the fire up the chimney. "Many men work with too much draft on, and 'the blue flame of energy, that means power, is thrown away' up the chimney and represents pure waste. "And so a famous Vienna doctor refuses to believe in the hustling methods of Americans so long as they Insist on having their shoes shlned while they are at work, in preference to the English and Continental method or putting their shoes outside the door and finding them ready In the morning. He might find confirmation of this belief in the time spent by many trying to get shaved In the average barber shop. "Personal scientific efficiency must be taken into account these days, and there are many ways In which we waste from 15 minutes to an hour's time each day.

Perhaps we might have to hurry less and have more real time for our personal use if we could all change certain personal habits which cannot be commended." Another article asks the query: "What Is Deed?" and then answers It- It says: "By old law no instrument was considered made until it was sealed, then it was thought to be done, and the word, which literally means only something done, was given to every written instrument to which a seal was affixed; and that is the legal meaning now, but thelcommon meaning of the word now ia for an instrument for the sale of lands, which by the stat- utes and usage of this country, no lands can be transferred except by deed which Is signed, sealed, ac-1 knowledged, delivered and recorded." IITICAIi The Building Material That Makes the Modern Skyscraper Structurally Practic- able and Commercially Possible. RECENT EXAMPLES IN CITY OF eUFFALO By B. B. PUTNAM. It is Interesting to note that the architectural terra cotta industry was started in this country 34 years ago by three residents of Buffalo, E.

3. Hall, George p. Putnam and W. C. Hall, all of whom moved to Xew Jersey for that purpose, and that many Talonians -Including Sher-man uecrs, H.

M. Watson, O. p. RamsdeM, Hon. O.

Putnam and S. S. Spaulding were among the original stockholders. Mr. George P.

Putnam Is still actively Interested, and many prominent Buffalonians today are stockholders fa the large company that developed from a modest beginning. The first move was the establishment of a small factory in Perth Amboy.S. under the name of. Perth Amboy Terra Cotta Comnanv This factory is now a part of the AtlanUc Terra Cotta the largest architectural terra cotta company fa the world, operating four plants, one i in Tottenville, S. two In Perth Amboy, jr.

and one in Rocky Hill, X. and a southern branch, the At-lanta Terra Cotta Company. Architectural terra cotta. after 34 rears of consistent development In i i this country, has reached a point where, in structural efficiency and In Possiollitles for architectural treatment in form and color, it comes tTZ ldeal metropolluu or an illustration of its various the Woolworth Building, now in course of construction in New! York Architectural terra cotta Ts well' 8hown in the towering facade, which wlH be dories in height, and from the third story to T-M0f eIltIrely of terra cotta. An in hifall cott 700 feet LmM- clearly Indicates that, in IEZa leV8" llttle t0 be desired.

Covered with i terra fcottk a nara 8rlase rec? hv unaf! acid-laden city made by f1 temperature approximating 2,300 degrees Fahrenheit, It Is absolutely unimpaired by fire. It cany not decay because the intense heat it undergoes manufacture burns out anything that might deteriorate, and partial vitrification makes it. proof against any normal chemical Influence. The Woolworth Building exempli-lies the decorative possibilities of terracotta quite as thoroughly as the structural; flexible modeling and the possibilities for color treatment are rar from being1 neglected in the design. The color of the shaft is light cream, smooth In texture, warm and slightly varying in tone.

The back-; grounds of the delicately modeled panels that occur between the window wuiiuiiicina R.na courses are treated in soft blue and warm yellows, "siennas, etc. While these colors are used chiefly to accentuate the detail of the ornament, to some extent they lend their own tone value and add life and light to the facade. At every fourth course the windows are finished in Gothic flnials and a modeled belt course extends entirely around the building. Here the ornament is aealn emphasized with stronger colors against the general tone of cream. At the main cornice, and the cornices of the tower the colors are Increased In strength so that the distance from tne ground will not neutralize thei; value; green and a remarkable, ceramic gold are used.

pure The universal interest in the Wool-worth Building as the tallest in the world, and the one most apt to justify. tne American sKyscraper on the ground of architectural beauty, focuses attention to a -greater extent than ever before upon-architectural terra-cotta. Many people will even ask what it is. for in spite of the fact that it has been for some years a great economic and commercial factor in the large building centers of the country, it has been of direct interest to architects and builders alone. The layman, if he has heard of it at all, has heard -only In the vaguest sort of way and is only too apt to have a very imperfect conception, of what architectural terra cotta really is.

Briefly, architectural terra cotta Is a of various' clays, 'modeled or molded. In shape, covered with 'a glaze of -almost any desired color or with glazes of several different colors, and burnt' to an ex ceedingly high temperature la a closed or muffled Simple as it sounds, every stage of manufacture requires the very highest order of technical-skill, and, as nontechnical school in the country offers anything, more applicable than a course in ceramics, the manufacturers have always conducted their own experimental laboratories and by their own efTorts nave developed architectural terra cotta to its present state of usefulness. Furthermore, owing to the facts that no architectural school In the country and, for that matter. In the world takes up the subject of terra cotta construction, the companies have developed along service or cooperative lines, and probably in no other branch of the building trade does the manufacturer do a greater share of the construction planning. Of course, the architect does the creative work of designing, and the terra cotta must carry out his design exactly, but it is the manufacturer who lays out the actual details, of construction, subject to he architect's approval.

Perhaps the most interesting example of Atlantic terra cotta in Buffalo is the General Electric Company's new building at the' intersection of Genesee, Washington and Huron streets. The design is unusual, the main building being in the shape ATLA CH EC- TURAL TERRA COHA Bugustus CCebr CUT, SAWED, PLANED, TURNED AND RUBBED STONE, GRANITE AND MARBLE New York, Buffalo and' Many Other Large Cities Would Be Less Magnificent Without the Constant Use of Steel, The part that structural steel plays In modern life Is very great. Without it the tall buildings which mak eW iIork Pre-emlnent and her sky line the wonder of every approaching tourist could not exist. The bridges which span' the rivers about Manhattan Island owe their existence to structural eteel. Without it the Buffalo skyscrapers would not exist.

A glance at the great beams which are daily, carted through the streets with the half dozen pairs of horses required to draw them gives some notion of the vast quantity of the metal which Is daily consumed in this city's growth. Thousands of tons of structural steel are put in place every day. The use of steel construction in the erection of buildings is the na- III tural consequence of the conditions Imnnwil nnnn riwrir. nf nrnnprtv lying within large cities and of the introduction of new materials and devices. The form and height of buildings oractical consideration of their value for personal use or rental.

The cost of buildings or tne same class ana flnlsrH to in HrPft nrAnAfftrtn tr tholr cnhin contents, nnil tach nihio foot constructed, is commercially unproftt- aoie aoes not ao hb pan in paying interest on the capital invested. Until the latter half of the nineteenth century these considerations prac- ucauy umiteo tne neigm 01 Duna-ines on city streets to five or six StOrieS. i'r The manufacture of the wrought iron beam in 1855 made cheaper firepoof construction possible. The practical limn of height was reached when the sectional area of the maannrv nt the niers of the exterior walls, in the lower story had to be made so great, in oraer to suppmi safely the dead load of the walls and floors, a to affect seriously the value of the lower stories on account of the loss of light and noor space. This limit was found to be about ten stories.

Various devices were rnaae successively to reduce the size of the exterior piers, in 1 881 me waiis ui very large courtyard were constructed a of iron and filling the panels with masonry. a system 01 construction mti been used in tne earty p.w vU. century for a tall shot tower erected in this city. Several large buildings were later erected in wnicn me entire weight of the floors and walls 1 -Ken ovstem of metal columns placed against the inner sur- Tha -wallA face or tne exterior thus supported no load but their own hA nun of this form of construction buildings wero carried to the heieht or 18 or siuiia. Iron Is Not Fireproof.

Iron or steel as a -substitute ior wood for construction purposes was long thought to be fireproof, but in .7 that Irnn bv Itself time it na i.iiuivt is not fireproof, but mnstbe Protected by means of nre Buildings Bteei wo c.cf.. io" In BKeietou ui v. the former the columns and girders are' tmilt- without proper uro-u--- inter-connectlon -ana Uum without the, BUPPort by walls." "Cage cousu SHIPMENTS. 67,630,000 5,933,523 85,000 8.949,475 2 246,128 772,978 5,370,725 44,728,550 1,002,000 564,718,000 1,402,400 855,235 2,062 $16,789,573 feet. bushels.

Rye, bushels. busbeis. uw" Barley malt, UatS, DUSlieia nminiQ. Iron and steel, pounds. All other merchandise clay, Sundries, pounds.

Total tons Bmppeu. Total boats of freights Lire Stock Trde. i nf tho rrea.t livestock States, second mans 111 only to Chicago and Kansas City, its horse market is famous throughout the country. During the year 10 (figures for last year are not available) the receipts here were as follows: Carloads Of cattle, canuaus 01 "ve. carloads of sheep, carloads of ixed ltveatocK, The local shipments of livestock were as follows: Carloads of cattle, carloads of hogs, 3.858; of sheen, 4,902: carloads of mixed livestock 180 The receipts of horses average about 1,000 carloads annually.

CnKtOHM i-rrlpt. The custom receipts-at this port Tor the year 1910 were as follows: 59,684.32 58,701.92 136,849.43 119,397.40 115,124.87 131,478.31 90,793.43 86,311.15 61,892.21 141,191.15 162,046.09 217,305.00 .....11,420.700.29 January. February. March. April.

May. June. July. August. September.

October. November. December. Totals. MORGAN BUILDING 25 KENTUCKY GT.

DUFFALO, N. Y. Outside the city limits at Cheekto-waga is the stocking coal trestle of the Delaware, Lackawana Western, with a capacity of over 100,000 tons storage. At the same place the Lehigh has its trestles and stocking plant of 175.000 tons storage capacity, with a shipping1 capacity of 3,000 tons daily; and has a transfer trestle -for loading box cars, with-a -capacity of 100 cars daily. At the same the Erie has a stocking, plant, with average dally capacity 10,000 and- storage capacity for 100,000 tons.

The Reading has at the foot of Georgia Street, in the city, a large trestle and pocket for the convenience of the retail trade, and In connection with their docks, with a capacity of 2,000 tons. The" Buffalo, Rochester Pittsburgh has terminals on QanBon and Michigan streets, fronting on the- Blackwell Canal, with a water frontage of 1,100 feetp-also a town delivery yard, with a hoisting plant for loading and coaling vessels. Buffalo's Shipping. Buffalo is the fifth greatest port the world, according- to Its shipping figures. The following is a summary statement of the arrivals and depart-ures of vessels in the coastwise trade, arrivals and departures of foreign vessels in the foreign trade, together with their tonnage, in the district of Buffalo Creek, for the season of 1909 and 1910.

with comparisons of. previous years: Arrivals 1909. Vessels Tonnage Vessels in. coastwise trade entered. 2,735 6,485,163 American vessels entered from foreign ports.

491 428.541 Foreign vessels entered from foreign ports .101 80,012 Totals, 1909. 3,327 Arrivals 1910. Vessels Tonnage Vessels in coastwise trade entered. 2.874 6,615,912 American vessels -entered from foreign ports. 765 507,741 Foreign vessels entered from foreign 76 63,186 Totals, 1910.

3.715 7,176,839 Toanage of Vessels. The tonnage of the port of Buffalo, per Customhouse records, 1909 and 1910, is shown by the following statement: 1909. Number Tonnage SalL 23 13,883 Steamers. .......128 39,318 Canal boats. 14 1,667 Barges.

49 11 338 Iron Barges 15 570 Iron Steamers. 95 186,392 Pleasure yachts, Sail 1 25 Pleasure Yachts, Iron, 6 342 1910 Number Tonnage Sail. -18 11,194 Steam. 124 37,471 Iron and Steel 105 210.957 Canal, boats 10 1,291 Barges 42 8,943 Sail Yachts. 1 24 Steam Yachts.

7 522 Iron and Steel Barges. 16 7,030 Total, 1910 823 277,422 Totals. 1909. 331 258,935 Totals, 1908. 337 241,891 Totals, 1907.

.308 201,294 Totals, 1906.,..., 298 173,147 Totals, 1905. 304 172,172 Totals.1904. 298 175,614 Totals, 302 165,842 Totals, 1902. 316 146 019 Totals, 1901 313 1396S3 Caaal Coanarrrc. The following is a statement showing the receipts and shipments at Buffalo by canal, of principal articles; during the year 1910: RECEIPTS.

feet 68,468,808 Woodpulp. pounds. 6,228,766 Lard, tallow and lard oil, pounds. 606019 Wheat, bushels. 226 000 Seed, pounds.

D36 79' Dried fruit, pounds. 698,960 Kock and superphosate, 1 296,000 Sugar, pounds 34 413,384 Molasses, pounds. 1121 500 Coffee, pounds. 3'654'358 Iron and steel, pounds. b'sao All other merchandise, 121 06S 713 Stone, lime, pounds Sundries, pounds.

40 Domestic spirits, gallons. "29s'8'J0 Total tons received. 66o'l71 Value of freight 775 Office, Milf and Yard CHURCH ST. AND ERIE CANAL. of a huge octagonal and the white terra cotta of the outside walls makes It a prominent landmark for miles around.

At the 13th story, where the shaft of the building ends, there is a beautiful piece of modeling, also in terra cotta, representing a dynamo with a boy's figure on either side. From this point the building comes to a logical conclusion in a series of three superimposed cupolas. One of the advantages of architectural terra cotta is that, it la Impervious and instead of absorbing soot and dust any accumulation may be very easily removed with soap and water, so it will be simple matter to keep the General Electric Building in; its present condition. The Lafayette Hotel Is an excellent example of the use of Atlantic Terra Cotta, gray in color, in connection with face -brick. Terra cotta can be made in an endless.

variety of colors and whennsed. In combination with other materials It may be made to match exactly or to contrast effectively. The Statler Hotel, one of the earlier examples, is an Instance of the use of polychrome or many colored terra cotta. The introduction of color In architecture Is comparatively new in but is meeting with more favor every day BUFFALO, THE CITY BEAUTIFUL Continued from Page 37.) Elevator Capacity. The following statement shows the riame and storage capacity of the several grain elevators of this ELEVATORS.

Name. Capacity, bu. American Malting- Bennett 800,000 Connecting Term. nai 950, OOi Itakota 1,250,000 Electric 2,000.000 Erie 720,000 -Evans 400,000 Exchange 500,000 Kxpcrt 1,000 00 Frontier Great Eastern (CO Husted 2000 Globe 650,000 iFon Elevator and Transfer Co. 500,000 KeJlogg 600,000 Wheeler 750,000 Marine 650,000 Monarch 500,000 utual 2.800,000 Niagara Mill and Elevator Queen City and 450.000 Richmond 250,000 Union 130,000 -Wllkeson 400,000 Total 24 1.21,200,000 Showing a totil elevator capacity 21,200,000 bushels of grain, but It may be, noted thit about 20 per cent.

should be deducted from this capacity 'for storage of lemnants, working room, and elevators out of repair. The estimated cost of the elevators is $13,. 000,000. The transfer capacity for each 24 hours would probably aggregate 5,500,000 bushels that is to say--they are' facilities for receiving from lake 'Vessels and railroads, and transporting to canal boats and cars daily the quantity named, from the 24 elevators. Buffalo's Flour Mills.

The. following statement shows the number of barrels of flour manufactured during 1910. 1908 and 1907: CUT MILLS. 3,623,897 barrels 2,927,446 barrels 2,567,232 barrels 2,625,682 barrels OUTSIDE CITY MILLS. 1919.

1909. 1908. 1907. 1910 471,753 barrels 1909......... 19(.

1907.. TOTAL BARRELS 1910.. 1909......... 1908. 1907 473,343 barrels 436,078 barrels 481,847 barrels MANUFACTURED.

4,095,650 barrels 3,400,789 barrels 3,003.310 barrels s.iU7,529 barrels CITY'S LUMBER TRADE. The following table shows the re. ceipts of lumber, staves, shingles, etc, for three years: Receipts by Canal Lumber, 1908, 71.591,141, 1909, 72,429,000. 68.190,000. Shipments by Canal Lumber, 1908, 71.564,972, 1909 72,698,000.

67.630.000. feet, 1910, feet, 1910 Rairoads Lumber, feet, 1909 272.304,329, 1910 lVo by Lake Lumber, feet 1908 i0 .1910 78 579 817; Lath, pieces. 1908 4,005,530. 1909 1,553,950, ,1910 1.700.000; Railroad Ties number, 1908 38,000, 1909 9,000, 1910 Shingles, number, 1908 897 598 ,1909 610,416,000,, 1910 690,850,000. Lumber on Hand On Dec.

3 1 at, feet roartlv 1908 150.289.656. 190S 1 Kit 418.50Q, 1910 152,958,952. 7 SHIPPING DOCKS. The shipping docks and coal pockets at this port are: Average Ca-; pacity of Pockets, tons I Pennsylvania R. R.

3,000 i ueiaware, Lackawanna ft west- 't ern R. R. 4,000 Lehigh Docks, Nos. 1 and 3 12,000 Erie Docks (Erie R. 10,000 Reading Docks 6,500 Total 35,500 OTIS SONS ENGINEERING CO.

PLUMBING HEATING VENTILATING Estimates on Work Furnished Gall or Phone.