The Boston Globe from Boston, Massachusetts • 3

3 Ml The National Park Service unveiled a plan yesterday to refurbish the beleaguered tomb. THE BOSTON GLOBE THURSDAY, APRIL 28, 1994 all! 'i Resurrection for Grant's Tomb 172nd anniversary of Grant's birth and the tomb's 97th anniversary. It followed stories detailing deteriorating conditions at the tomb where Grant and his wife, Julia, are buried. On Monday, descendants and admirers of Grant sued the federal government to restore the monument. a target for vandals and homeless people, and attendance has dwindled.

The proposal, which needs congressional approval, would provide $400,000 for the current year and $450,000 next year. The current budget, including salaries and operating costs, is $323,000. The announcement was made on the ASSOCIATED PRESS NEW YORK After months of bad press, the National Park Service unveiled a plan yesterday to refurbish and revitalize the beleaguered Grant's Tomb. The Manhattan burial site of Ulysses S. Grant, the 18th president, has long been Medical Notebook RICHARD SALTUS Emphysema surgery benefit is touted THE FIRST 20 PATIENTS TO UNDER-go a new lung operation for disabling emphysema have dramatically improved, a St.

Louis surgeon reported yesterday. For pa-" tients with the smoking-related disease that affects 1.6 million Americans, the surgery removing damaged parts of the lungs may become an alternative to transplants, said Dr. Joel D. Cooper of Washington Universi- ty School of Medicine. "It has given me back my life," says Bon- nie Gillmore, a 49-year-old computer software engineer from Plainville who had the operation in January.

She added that she can walk, talk and exercise far more vigor-piisly without becoming breathless. Gillmore, who smoked heavily for 24 years, developed emphysema about 15 years ago and became so disabled she recently had to quit her job. She a went to lung transplant pioneer Coo- per, but then opted to try the new procedure he began doing 15 months ago. The operation removes 20 or 30 percent of the lungs, which become enlarged and lose their elasticity, giving the remaining lung tissue more room to expand. In a report to the American Association for Thoracic Surgery in New York yesterday, Cooper said the first 20 patients have had an average 82 percent improvement in AP PHOTO iTlf uu-" 1 1 4 "it-i -fiiivrini 1M1I 1 MThMan An honor guard of cadets from West Point yesterday fires a rifle salute during the birthday commemoration of President Ulysses S.

Grant at Grant's Tomb in New York. The National Park Service unveiled a plan to refurbish the site. DR. JACK KEVORKIAN Protecting "autonomy" Kevorkian says goal was to end suffering By Edward Walsh WASHINGTON POST DETROIT Jack Kevorkian testified under oath yesterday that when he helped a 30-year-old man suffering from a terminal illness to commit suicide by breathing carbon monoxide through a mask he was seeking only to protect the man's "autonomy" and end the victim's suffering. On the fourth day of his criminal trial in Detroit Recorder's Court here, the 65-year-old retired pathologist expressed contempt for "organized medicine" and the "socially criminal" American Medical Association.

He also acknowledged that he never intended to obey Michigan's "Dark Ages" law banning physician-assisted suicide. "When your conscience says that law is immoral, don't follow it," said Kevorkian, who has helped 20 sick people commit suicide the past four years. In cross-examination, Wayne County Assistant Prosecutor Timothy Kenny tried to portray Kevorkian as a lonely medical outlaw who has feuded with colleagues, advocated bizarre experiments and harbored a lifelong, morbid fascination with death. Kenny also attacked the key element of Kevorkian's defense that his intention had been to end suffering of those who come to him and not to help them kill themselves. Under the Michigan law, such a conclusion by the jury would be grounds for acquittal.

Kevorkian denied that he had an "expectation" that Thomas Hyde, who died in his presence last August, would be killed by breathing in carbon monoxide for about 20 minutes. Hyde, a landscape architect who suffered from amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, also known as Lou Gehrig's disease, was the 17th of the 20 people Kevorkian has helped to end their lives. But his case is the first to produce a criminal trial of Kevorkian under a state law ruled unconstitutional by three lower-court judges and is under review by the state Court of Appeals. This week, a state commission created under the same law narrowly recommended to the Michigan Legislature that physician-assisted suicide be made legal but be strictly regulated. Testifying in a jammed courtroom, Kevorkian said he did not want Hyde to die, "just like a surgeon doesn't want to cut off a leg" buj may do so to stop the spread of a disease.

nancial rewards, can make much of a dent in tuition needs of the middle-class. Mindful of such criticism, Segal said that community programs joining in AmeriCorps and the Summer of Safety are being selected on a competitive basis, and given objective standards by which to measure progress, such as "How many parks did we clear of hypodermic needles? How many corridor lights, alarms and locks did we restore?" "We have got to show early on that national service is really not just poetry," Segal said. "We don't kid ourselves here. We are not trying to solve the problem of crime in America. But we can get things done." In selecting participating projects, priority is given to programs with proven track records, which his corporation then rewards with government grants.

"We are careful not to dictate from the top down," Segal said. "This is still an invitation to local imagina-" tion." Quayle does By Ann Devroy WASHINGTON POST WASHINGTON Jim Baker, according to former Vice President Dan Quayle, cared about only one thing: "What was in it for Jim Baker." Jack Kemp was prone to "tangents" with no "discernible point." And President Bush's men ran "the most poorly planned and executed incumbent presidential campaign in this century." After 18 months of relative silence, the former vice president is back. His public return is in the form of a take-no-prisoners book, "Standing Firm." The book nicks nearly everyone it touches except George Bush and leaves no doubt Quayle has strong intentions of seeking the presidency in 1996. In fact the book with planned appearances by Quayle plugging it on prime time national television programs and a promotional tour map shaped by electoral politics looks like the first step in determining the viability of a Quayle campaign. It will be published on May 5, and the publisher has circulated it, obtaining written agreements from those who received it not Ill CaLIlllltl LaUOLlLV.

1 1 "I am doine thiners I haven't done in 15 years," said Gillmore in a telephone interview. TB relapses linked to not taking drugs T1 HE FAILURE OF MANY TUBERCU- JL losis patients to finish their six-month reerimen of drugs is a major reason for the growing number of TB infections that are resistant to drugs. But Texas health officials have found that fewer patients relapsed and drug-resistant TB bugs were less of a prob-" lem when nurses or aides watched patients to make sure they take the drugs. lie I ciouoc i ate iui j. jj in ai am.

wuuir ty, which had been nearly zl percent ol pa-- tients treated from 1980 through 1986, -lwvrrm1 tn Pi narncmt ftnm 1 QSfi tlirniltrVt i o-- 1992 after officials adopted a "direct obser- i i mi i vauon treatment program, ine nuniDer oi infections that were resistant to drugs also dropped significantly, researchers report in this week's Journal of the American Medical i Tnpnmnlptp Hrnor trpatmpnt can mate resistant i a Dactena dv Kiuinff ou me i i mn i i i weaker bues while allowing the fittest to sur- yive. Massachusetts has a similar program for TB patients, said Dr. Alfred DeMaria, head of the state's communicable disease program. If patients won't cooperate with a nnrao nntrpnph wnrlcpr nr fflmilv mpmhpr. may be sent to the Shattuck Hospital and treated as inpatients, he added.

Physicians cut back on cigarette smoking DOCTORS HAVE QUIT SMOKING AT a dramatic rate since the mid-1970s, with only 3.3 percent currently saying they smoke, a new federal study shows. Registered nurses have also cut back drastically, but licensed practical nurses have slowed their smoking the least Researchers from the Centers for Dis-' ease Control and Prevention said when doc-' tors and nurses smoke, it undermines public 1 health messages about the harmful effects of tobacco use, and they urged health professionals not to smoke. lie repui in uie juui iiu ui uie aiiici i- can Medical Association said between the mid-70s and 1991, smoking prevalence among doctors dropped from 18.8 to 3.3 percent, among registered nurses from 31.7 to 18.8 percent, and among licensed practical 07 1 (VT 4. nurses irum 01.1 ujiix percent. Nearby buddy cuts stress in monkeys TT MAKES SENSE THAT HAVING A Igood buddy around helps a person deal better with stress.

And now there is scientific evidence to support the notion at least in monkeys. Scientists at the Yerkes Regional Primate Research Center in Atlanta studied individual rhesus monkeys that were removed from their social groups, separations that have previously been shown to reduce the number of certain infection-fighting immune cells in the blood. The Yerkes scientists report in the April issue of the journal Physiology and Behavior that the effects of stress on the immune system were lessened when the monkey removed from the group was given a monkey companion. And not just any monkey it had to be an animal with whom the first monkey had previously preferred for grooming, huddling and playing. AP PHOTO in new book ous diplomacy" of his foreign policy trip to concentrate on "cute and colorful vignettes." Another chapter, "Baked, Mashed and Fried" starts with the infamous episode in the 1992 campaign where Quayle misspelled "potato," giving it an "e' at the end.

But he laments that his staff did not help him spin better afterwards to mitigate the damage. Another chapter deals with the "Dump Quayle" effort he believes was orchestrated by Baker, then secretary of state, and Robert Teeter, the campaign chairman. While the book contains much of Quayle's self-deprecating humor, it also offers extensive self-justification. It is not a serious examination of the Bush presidency or any sort of prescription for the future. It is largely a "setting-the-record straight" book that one friend of Quayle called "a small book," in reference not to its size but but to what it accomplishes.

Sources involved with the book said Quayle, his wife, Marilyn Tucker Quayle, and a ghostwriter were the major authors. Quayle did extensive interviewing of reporters for the book, part of a personal quest to understand what had happened to him. port last year. By the beginning of 1995, AmeriCorps is scheduled to enroll 20,000 college-aged students, Segal said, "more than any who ever served in the Peace Corps at one time." There have already been 40,000 inquiries about the program, he said, via a toll-free phone number, 1-800-94-ACORPS. This summer's program will help neighborhoods cope with crime while serving as a pilot project for Segal and his aides.

About 7,000 participants from a range of service programs, such as VISTA and the National Senior Service Corps, will join in. About half will be in AmeriCorps-type programs, eligible for the $1,000 tuition stipend once they complete their summer. Critics say that national service programs often evolve into well-intentioned but poorly-managed government boondoggles. Some Republicans also question if the AmeriCorps program, with its modest size and fi the bashing to discuss it or release it until then. But copies are already in GOP circles, where its swipes at prominent Republicans have been the grist of gossip.

To some extent, the book offers a realistic appraisal by Quayle about his airhead image from the August day Bush selected him in 1988 to be his running mate. Some chapters, such as one called "Meeting the Media" amount to a Quayle effort to discern why he was subject to so much ridicule. Whole chapters in the nearly 400-page book are named for episodes in his vice presidency that excacerbated that image, and one, "Flaps, Gaffes and Serious Diplomacy," deal with a slew of them. That chapter, for example, explains the circumstances surrounding Quayle's reference to "happy campers" in the Samoan capital of Pago Pago that appeared to be patronizing. Quayle complains that because of reporters such as Maureen Dowd, then one of the White House reporters for The New York Times, things he said came out in print differently than he meant them and he was never able to set out his side.

He complains that many print reporters ignored the "seri prevention programs in a summer youth camp at Fort Devens; join in a Lawrence community police program and try to reclaim and revitalize parks and neighborhoods in Lowell and Fall River. In Concord, N. 20 participants will help staff an assistance program for victims of domestic and sexual violence. Other programs are slated for Maine and Connecticut The Massachusetts programs are among 90 projects in 35 states that will run for 8 to 10 weeks this summer as a prelude to the kickoff in September of the administration's new national service program, Segal said. President Clinton often calls his Ameri-Corps project, in which students get $4,725 stipends toward college tuition in return for working at community service jobs, one of the crowning accomplishments of his first year in office.

It was crafted with the help of Sen. Edward M. Kennedy and was passed by Congress with bipartisan sup National service program to get a tryout By John Aloysius Farrell GLOBE STAFF WASHINGTON The Clinton administration will give its new national service program a test run this summer, awarding summer jobs with crime-fighting themes and $1,000 stipends for college tuition to hundreds of Massachusetts recipients and thousands of their counterparts across the country, the project director said yesterday. Six Massachusetts projects have won the right to participate in the "Summer of Safety," Eli Segal, chief executive officer of the Corporation for National Service, said yesterday. Segal, who is from Boston, is scheduled to announce the awards formally today.

The 435 participants in the Massachusetts programs will: organize crime watches in Dorchester, help protect senior citizens in Boston public housing; try to deter gang activity in Lawrence and Lowell; run violence.