The Boston Globe from Boston, Massachusetts • 11

Eleven THE BOSTON GLOBE MONDAY, JULY 17, Life in Training Camps Beats Clerking All Hollow Marching Down the Glory Road to Bull Run And the new levies continued much lost motion in the way forms, their rocky airs, and to win fame and glory, was perhaps a little headline- 10 come in, cay and lull ortne new regimenti were re- the numbers of them. Detachments of these before cut him loose from his old moorings, a one-time friend of the South who was prex- I ently to become the most hated man In the entire Con- tn this 100th anniversary weeTTof the Battle of Bull Run the first of two bloody conflicts that scorched the tame Virginia terrain and signed the death warrant of more than 500,000 Americans in the four vcan of Civil War that high ipirits, brandishing their happy, and apparently he was destined to have a spectacular cruited, equipped, and drilled, the government was moving weaponi ai if they were play long were sent across the Potomac to occupy the hiizh role in this war. with remarkable effectiveness things for holiday use. to make the long fringe of the ground on the southern shore, and Federal soldiers pitched in hi i jr0oul(j-fl Globe is privileged to I vl i fin in A Connecticut regiment border states secure. As he led his men into Alexandria, Ellsworth spied a southen flag on a stump of a flagpole on the roof of a hotel came cruising up the PotomBC federate legend.

In Washington itself there had been uneasy moment! in the days just after Fort Sumter's surrender, whttn the cutting of railroad and telegraph their tents on an estate known as Arlington, lately the home by Bide-wheeler iteamboat, the men lining the rails to cheer every ichooner, aloop, or barge oi Kohert fc. Lee. While Arlington was occupied, other troops were sent that displayed the United States flag. a lew miles downstream to quoe rrom i ms naiiowea urouna, Bruce at ton's absorbing narrative dealing with the Union side of the War Between the States. Only the Pulitzer Prize-winning Catton, with his magnificent feeling for the human aspects of history and his ability to translate historical fact into a brilliant and stirring book, could have written this account of In Maryland there was Ben Butler (of Massachusetts) his troops camped on Federal II 111 overlooking Baltimore Harbor, himself camped at Annapolis, opening a new road to Washington; Ben Butler, who had worked energetically for southern rights In the Democratic convention lines through Baltimore -eft the capital temporarily isolated.

There were hardly any soldiers in the city, and it was easy to imagine armed Vir If they met one flying no flag, the men would level their muskets and order: "Show your colors! Show your seize Alexandria. The outfit chosen for this job was the 11th New York, a flamboyant and slightly riotous organization wearing the bag ginians coming across the Potomac and bringing the war CATION Full of dramatic ardor a correspondent for the New York Tribune was along Ellsworth drew his sword and dashed into Uie building to cut the flag down and died ingloriously when the hotel proprietor, a mere civilian but a staunch secessionist, thrust the muzzle of a shotgun against his belly, and pulled the trigger. The hotel man was promptly bayoneted, Ellsworth's body was brought back to Washington to lie in state in the White House, and the North mourned a lost hero. to a quick end by seizing of 18C0, all out for the Union now, grinning sardonically gy pants, short jackets, and capital. President, and government entire.

When the flag was hoisted as it always was, with all those fidgety fingers under the trigger 1 I turbans of the Zouaves. Most of the members had been recruited from various New York Are companies. Colonel of the Zouaves was young Elmer Ellsworth, who with eyes that did not mesh, revolving monstrous ambitions in his mind as he followed a new political tack; Ben Butler, with bis lawyer's mind and his flair for administrative detail and bis whole-souled lack of scruple, contriving to make capital for himself out of this war that guards the men would give three cheers, and laugh, and peer ahead for the next chance to enforce a display of That period quickly passed, and now Washington was full of troops state militia, for the most part, called in for 90-day service, poorly trained and almost totally unorganized, but impressive nevertheless with their bright unl the nation's darkest hour. By BRUCE CATTON The country went to war gaily; it was all abubble North and South with flags and oratory and bands and training camps where life beat clerking all hollow; but ahead there was unutterable grimness, not simply because a great many people were going to die but because, before the war had properly begun, it had been determined that no price for victory would be too high. had made something of a profession of being an amateur soldier: his Chicago Zouave Things went with a whoop and a holler, and if there was Hallow-! 1B58, by 'From the book.

"Thin Ground." Copyright, 1955, Bruc Catton.) COL ELLSWORTH Tht North mourned a lost hero. Brady photo is from Harper'a Weekly. drill team had given exhibitions all over the North in the year or so just before the war. Ellsworth was dashing, eager ON TUESDAY'S EDITORIAL PAGE The Confederates lose a future state. i i and without stopping to reason about it.

it was the Lincoln administration that bad made this decision, but the country at large accepted it, instinctively Of all the misunderstandings that had produced the war, no single one had more tragic consequences than this that the men of the South had completely failed to realize how deeply the concept of nationality had taken root in the North. The great wagon trains had gone rolling west, a wilderness had been opened, new towns and farms had sprung up, limit i i less hopes and great sacrifices had been invested in the development of a rich new land, and out of it all had come a conviction that the national destiny involved unity. Whatever the North might do to win the war and it would rf A do just about anything it could lay its hand to would be done with the conviction that this attempt at secession was mor mm .1. -m ally wrong, a blind attempt to destroy something precious, a wanton laying of hands on the Ark of the Covenant The Southerners were not merely enemies; they were traitors, to be treated as such. BEN BUTLER He would become the "most hated man in the entire Confederate Photograph by G.

H. Loomis of Boston appeared in Harper's Weekly. MASSACHUSETTS VOLUNTEERS PASS FANEUIL HALL ON WAY TO WAR. This 1861 sketch is from Harper Weekly. Aid Tied to Work Old Fitchburg Depot to Be Razed; Newburgh Opens Drive To Curb Welfare Abuses Helped Make Railroad History The 84-vear-old Fitchburff Rockefeller's nexft move was Union Station depot, now NEWBURGH, N.Y., July 17 The great relief crackdown got cracking here today.

to take off yesterday for a 10- standing on the city's modern dav vacation in Venezuela. Main st. as a silent reminder of I the heyday of railroads, is due to be razed soon. Starting today, Newburgh is With hostile state welfare Investigators on hand to ordering able-bodied men to The structure, featuring one watch, city officials began putt work for their relief checks. of the two tower clocks re ing into effect a 13-point assault against alleged relief maining in the town, was built in 1877 by the Fitchburg Rail Cash Outlay Slashed road Co.

chiseling. City Manager Joseph In place of the imposing The city also will inquire into the morals of mothers receiving relief aid for child support. "We don't believe it's moral to finance illegitimacy," Mitch edifice, which resembles an ancient Bavarian castle, the Bos McDowell identified the main issues as home rule for the city and good morals in the homes of relief recipients. ton and Maine Railroad has made arrangements for a wait Mayor William D. Ryan ell says.

"If they are off the public dole that's their busi blasted the program as "creep ing fascism." ing room at the rear of a diner, now being constructed next door to the old building. 1 A ness. If on the dole, that's our business. When the building goes, so Rocky Takes Vacation will many memories of His figures indicate there may be illegitimate children in Not to be upstaged, Mitchell aent his orders across the America before the advent of two dozen of the 134 families automobiles and airplanes. For receiving aid to dependent fitchburg, situated at the Site- children.

Other Mitchell measures limit payments to able-bodied reliefers to 90 days a year, and substitute food, clothing and rent vouchers for cash atreet to the city welfare office under police escort. He lambasted state investigators as "a couple of gestapo agents." The Newburgh relief war split Republicans and delighted ome Democrats. It has enmeshed Gov. Nelson Rockefeller, who issued a succession of alternating threatening and placating comments. Mitchell showed how he way of the Mohawk Trail, was for a long time one of the major railroad centers of the East.

The Union station was hub of rail activities. In the 1880's, 50 passenger trains arrived and departed daily at the station. Among the lines that serviced the area were Fitchburg R.R., the Cheshire R.R., the Old Colony's Northern division, the Fitchburg and Worcester R.R., the New Haven R.R. and the Boston and Maine R.R. a prosperous in dustrial and shopping-center city of 31,000 is budgeting $983,085 for welfare this year.

state and Federal funds pay feels about Rockefeller over $559,275 of this. (Globe Photo by Charlrs Dixon) FITCHBURG'S 84-YEAR-OLD DEPOT That leaves Newburgh with a bill of $423,810 for welfare, ompared to $442,725 for fire irotection, $443,524 for public vorks and $370,250 for police w. and this is Cousin Flossie. The only thing she euer saved was string' Cousin Flossie was, let's face it, the flighty one. If she needed money, she looked hopefully behind the sachet in the second drawer (on the left) of the highboy.

But visiting a bank was not her notion of what one did. Too unsettling, really, with passbooks and interest and all that. We think Cousin Flossie would have liked the Idea behind 'our new Special Savings Account at The FIRST and so might any other lady. For one, there's no passbook (and so, no frantic search for it). Instead, you receive a copy of every transaction.

Every three months, you get a printed statement of your account, including the interest your money has earned. (And since we've mentioned interest, may we add one happy detail? Your money earns interest from the day you deposit it until the day you withdraw it unique in Boston!) Sound good to you? Then come on in and let us tell you all about this new, easy-does-it way of saving. the line built the Union station. They are helped by Bour- the week-end by paying a ceremonial visit to the Washington office of Sen. Barry Goldwater, rightwing rival to Rocky in national Republicar politics.

gault's father, Victor, 65, who retired this year after 44 years nd other major expenses. as a foreman carpenter on the Today only the B. and M. remains, and less than 50 trains leave the old station during a week. The man who pioneered Fitchburg's railroad system, and helped make the town one of the bujsiest double track Probably the most famous line at the Union station was Joe Cushing's railroad the shortest in the nation.

It went 500 feet, from the depot to the 134-year-old Cushing Stone Mill. The line, which in 1890 used the first electric locomotive built in America, was abandoned in 1947. DENNIS THE MENACE By Hank Kctcham B. and M. Across the lobby is the barbershop of Andrew Spyropolos, 75, of 32 Exeter who emigrated from Greece 52 years ago.

freight arteries in America, 1 111 I III I i.rl I rtJL tmrnmsi Moll was the industrial magnate Alvah Crocker. The famous white faced tower clock augured the building's demise two years ago. Its mechanism stopped and For years, Crocker fought to give the town an outlet to the sea. In 1845, his Fitchburg Two occupants remain in the doomed building. Mr.

and Mrs. Leo Bourgault of 90 Harvard st. run the Armstrong Co. luncheonette concession. the clock has recorded 10 past Railroad linked to the port of Boston, and 32 years later 12 ever since.

4 iv i -v I if '4- I 1 NATIONAL BANK of I BOSTON Old Colony Trust Company MCMBU F.OJ.C OUTMODED High ceilings, ornate columns of Fitchburg depot "Look, Dad! I brought SCISSORS thia time!" ir.