The Onaga Democrat from Onaga, Kansas • 4

BIO PLUM FOR TRADERS. THE ONAGA JOURNAL. PROF. SYMMES ON THE OPEN POLAR SEA. European manufacture he obtained came through the slave-traders, and he had no means of getting them except in supplying slaves for them.

But if trading-houses could be established he undertook to en ON AG KANSAS. gage in legitimate traffic. Human sacri ideas and valtses obtain with the Parisian young lady, and you may talk by the hour without fear of being referred to mamma or summoned for a breach of promise, as you are in England nowadays. The Paris young lady not only talks, but does so well. She dances divinely, and is not found spending most of her time in the cupper-room cramming herself with cutlets and sherry, and in a perpetual defense of her hunger, with thousands of excuses from a tight shoe to the "lancers.

I have known more English girls driven into starvation by the "lancers" than by total abstinence for a day. Why not be honest, and, as Dean Swift said about the brandy and water, say you "like it?" There is no logical relation between tight shoes or "lancers" and ham sandwiches and champagne, that I can clearly define. No, cram is the cause. fices, he said, were made in his country, but as they were among the traditions of his kingdom he could not do away with them if he felt inclined to do so, but he said he had power to regulate them, and from that time they have been less, as he had promised. The result of the interview was that the king was willing to substitute the palm-oil trade for the slave-trade, provided he could get what he wanted.

Craft returned to England, and at the suggestion of Sir Roderick Mur-chison, President of the Royal Geographical Society at that time, and also Dr. Hodgkin, who was very much interested in Africa, he made a statement of his visit, and a company of merchants was formed for the purpose of engaging in the African trade. These gentlemen got Craft to go out to Whydah as their representative. He established a house there, and also other houses on that coast. The trade went on very well for Several years, and he remained there until 1867, when his health became poor, and he desired to visit his family in London.

Before he left he informed the king of Dahomey, and he was much annoyed at the proposition. There was a running account between the king and the company, and at the the time he was be had surrendered, and then he was hurried to trial before he was able to sit up in Court. This courageous, mild-mannered, conscientious, but perhaps rather fanatical man, whose treatment at and after his capture was a disgrace to the civilization of Virginia, was thus spoken of by Gov. Wise, the chief instrument in hastening the execution "They are themselves mistaken who take him to be a madm an. He is a bundle of the best nerves I ever saw, cut, and thrust, and bleeding, and in bonds.

He is a man of clear head, of courageous fortitude, and simple ingenuousness. He is cool, collected, and indomitable, and it is but just to him to say hat he was humane to his prisoners, and he inspired me with great trust in his integrity, as a man of truth. He is a fanatic, vain and garrulous, but firm, and truthful, and intelligent." I have written of these matters, which are historic and known to the world, in the hope that it may serve to stimulate the people and authorities of Kansas, where the memory of John Brown is cherished with peculiar veneration, to some action looking to the bestowal of proper and permanent honors upon that memory. By all means, let his be one of the statues which our young State shall contribute to the National Pantheon, the old hall of the House of Representatives. It may be that the influences which seem likely to dominate Congress in the near future would refuse to receive the gift, preferring to accord to the martyr tho opprobium which belongs to guilt, rather than the glory which attaches to lofty purposes and heroic achievements.

But surely, in that emergency, Kansas could find some niche in her own Capitol to be honored by the effigy of a man whose brief residence within her borders has added measurably to her fame. A Newsboy's Version of Hamlet's Soliloquy. Toby, or not Toby, that's -what's the matter with Hannor Whether 'tis just the cheese to suffer The kicks and cuffs of these outrageous cops Or put your props up and bust 'em on the snoot, And when yon bust 'em, end 'em? To fly to dust No more and by this git-up-and-gittmg to say we end The racket and the thousand sockdologcrs That we fall heir to 'tis a consummation Devoutly to be wished. To soak to hock Yer upper-benjamin at yer uncle's to git The "sugar" for a good square meal ay, there's The purty work. Major Burke For in such scrapin' for yer daily bread Yer liable to be pulled and shuffled off A fore His Honor.

That's when you drop To yer calamity, and tumble to your condition Oh I who would bear these flat-cops' thumps And pressing wrongs too numerous to mention, The fangs of rabid dorgs or hash delayed, The inching up for keeps upon a cove. When ho himself might make himself a "stiff. With laudnurn. easy Oh who'd go broke When he might nip tho boodle But that the dread of six months twicst a year In Sing Song, with nothing to bribe tho jailor, liather makes a fellow wish he had Been "counted in" than "counted out," Or have had the eight spot when the seven hovctl But, to depend on snow balls for yer food, And have a clothesline for your virtshus couch Ain't so hunkydory, by a big majority. Thtis doth an empty pocket cow us all And thus, what little erve a fellow's got Is sicklied o'er with this hard kind of hick, When playing both ends against the middle.

With this regard I'll hie myself away To Roberts' cent hashlerie, where I'll Get action on this too empty stomach, And make a plate of soup lose through. Over-the-river tra-la-la-lee I must away I'll meet you in the park So long lEzit Paddy McGulligan, newsboy. Garby Owen. evening of the 14th, a package to an actor, directing its delivery the next day to The National Intelligencer. The actor confesses that he, frightened at the risk he ran, broke the seal, read the enclosed matter, and at midnight burned it.

If that package had been preserved it would have revealed the declaration that until noon that day its writer had not premeditated murder, but, feeling deeply the humiliation of the south, to the people of which he bore all the love that Brutus ever felt for Home, he would strike down that night the leading men of the victorious hosts, who were shouting the paean of triumph. When dying, with his face lit up with the blaze of the burning barn upon the Garrett farm, just at the break of day on the morning of April 24, he muttered some words. A soldier bent over him and caught them from his fast-ebbing breath, first a message for his mother: "Tell her I did it, as I thought, for the best;" and then he said: "Tell others that the communication I wrote addressed to The National Intelligencer will explain why I did what I did." During the conspiracy trial at the arsenal Joseph Holt, the judge advocate, called John A. Coyle, then the publisher of The National Intelligencer, and asked if that communication had ever been received. His reply was, "No.

It was, continued Mr. Ford, burnt in tho grate of a chamber of a boarding house, and a Catholic priest now living in Washington had the fact confessed to him soon afterward. I had the occurrence related to me, with the added information of the confession, by the party who was the custodian of the package. This fully sustains my theory that John Wilkes Booth had not contemplated the assassination of President Lincoln when he met Mrs. Surratt at mid-day, and he never met her again.

A Gastronomic Contest. Whitehall Times. The following challenge has been handed to us for publication. If the challenge is accepted, great sport may be expected on the ever glorious Fourth of July. Whitehall, June 3, 1878 Sra I have been tole by my frens that Mr.

Teff, of the Chronicle, can eat more than I can at a single feed, and that Mr. Teff made little of my effort on the foot bridge friday last. Now, sar, I will send this, my Challenge to mr. Teff, and I want you to print it in your paper so that peples ma now that mr. Teff can't eat me, CHALLENGE.

Eli Paquet, will eat Mr. Teff of the Chronikle for 1 minder $dolar a side on the 4th of July, 1878, at noon of that day, pay or play, good day and good track. Mr. Teff may have the choice of the vittels, which may be either coked or raw, and waid out in quantitys of not less than five pounds each, and repeat, and the match to be tho best in three with only 10 minutes rest between heats. I aint any objeck-shins to Mr.

Chancy F. Bates be In steak holder, but the steak mus be all up on the of July, at noon, ail preliminary arrangements can be made through the under-ainned. his Eli Paquet. mark George Marcoo, witness. Since the above was in type we have been informed that if the match can be brought about, the Opera House will be given free for the occasion.

No doubt much money will be staked on the result, as both men have records as eaters. A REMINISCENCE OF SLAVE TIMES. FXCURSION TO HARPER'S FERRY. The Romantic Story of a Runatcay Slave. Wm.

Craft, a colored man, and formerly a slave, has brought suit against the firm of Nay lor of Boston, for damages. He alleges that they have generally circulated a report to the effect that he is an imposter. The Boston Advertiser, in an account of the trial, which is now taking place, gives the following interesting testimony of the plaintiff William Craft, the plaintiff, was then placed on the stand. He testified that he -1 $15,000,000 Tratle'Offered to American Shippers. Philadelphia.

Record. One of the most important instances of the commereialfamewhich America has obtained in South America has yet to be chronicled. It takes the form of a proposition which is now under consideration by the Executives of two of the South American Republics, which, if it assumes practical shape, will result in bringing to this country a trade the value of which may be reckoned by many millions of dollars. Every one familiar with history knows that the republics of Peru and Chili are chiefly noted for their vast deposits of nitrate of soda and guano, the fertilizing qualities of which are known the wide world over. In Peru the nitrate deposit is chiefly centered in the district of Jarapaca, where it is extracted from an immense plateau of several hundred miles in area.

Tho prime material is known as caliche, a mixture of nitrate of soda and earth, with more or less admixture of iodine and borax. The deposit contains from 30 to 60 per cent, of pure hit rate, and is found in tho plateaus in beds of seven feet in thickness, and covered with two or more feet of earth. The caliche is first extracted by picks or blasting, and is then conveyed by carts or tramways to the factories, where it is washed, boiled and crys-talized by a peculiar process identical in every factory. The plateaus from which the deposit is extracted are the property of the Peruvian Government, which has allowed the refiners to dig unmolested, but at the same time making them pay a royalty to the republic in the form of a tax on every ton of refined nitrate taken out of the country. The extent of the business can be realized from the fact that 18,000,000 pounds of refined nitrate, of from 93 to 97 per cent, fineness, are turned out of these factories every year and exported to Europe, where it is used both as manure and for chemical purposes.

Recently the Government has arrived at the conclusion that they were jiot making as much out of the business as they had a right to expect, and so after mature deliberation they have notified the present refiners that they intend to conduct the business themselves for the future. Having made a clean sweep in this direction, they propose to follow it up by making an entire change in the method by which the refined product is transported. Hitherto all the carrying trade has been monopolized by English shippers, but the authorities have now resolved to give the preference in this matter to Americans, and if a sufficient fleet of United States vessels can be obtained this country will for the future be made the chief point of distribution for the world. The export of nitrate from Peru now averages a value of about $12,000,000 per annum, and the advantage which might be derived from this vast business being brought to this country needs no elucidation. The same statement may apply also to Chili, the Government of which country has expressed its willingness to put its guano and nitrate carrying trade, worth about 3,000,000 a year, into American hands.

Several other offers are also held out by this Government. At present the mails for Chili, Bolivia, Ecuador and Peru are conveyed by steamers sailing under the English flag, which are recompensed with liberal subsidies. Of late years certain acts of the corporations by which these steamers are controlled have given displeasure to the subsidy grantors, and as the contract expires on July 1 the latter have resolved that if American steamers can be found to take charge of the mail, tho English shall have that soft snap no longer. "There is no realizing the magnitude of these offers which are now within our grasp, says a gentleman who has received an official notification of the facts as given above. only a syndicate of a couple of dozen powerful mercantile houses could be formed we could sweep the whole of the West coast, and bring in a permanent export trade of not less than $100,000,000 a year, while, in addition to the guano and nitrate, we could capture the whole of the products of the silver and copper mines, as well as the great wool crops.

Tho most sanguine individual could not arrive at a rough calculation of the immense amount of wealth which determined effort might bring to the Jteminiscences of the Bwira Haiti. Ward Burlingame in Atchison Champion. Washington, June 4, 1878. I had long had a great curiosity to visit Harper's Ferry. Tho memorable foray of John Brown, with its tragic termination, has rendered the place historically interesting to everybody; but John Brown was so intimately associated with the early struggle for freedom in Kansas, and imparted so much of his own religious zeal to that struggle, that the place where he offered up his life in an ill-judged but nobly-purposed effort for the relief of those was born in Mason, in 1826.

His first held in bondage has a peculiar interest for a citizen of that State. Hence it was, that taking advantage of one of the many cheap excursions provided upon Decoration Day, I was enabled to carry out my long-cherished purpose. Harper's Ferry is some fifty odd miles from Washington by the Baltimore and He Contrasts His Father's trith the Xeicto-ninn Theory. To the Editor of LouisviUe Courier-Journal. As I am making an effort to have the "Symmes Theory" thoroughly tested by the Howgate Exploring Expedition, and so few persons understand what that theory is, I will undertake to state what it is, and show the difference between it and the Newtonian theory.

According to the Newtonian, it is one vast solitude of eternal ice, clear up to the 50th deg. of north latitude. According to the Symmes theory (that is, my father's Capt. John Cleve Symmes) the explorer will find that, after he passes the 80th the weather grows milder; when he reaches the 81st deg. he will find some open water and great quantities of wild animals, and some water fowls; when the 83d degree is reached, he will find the open Polar Sea, that is 2,000 miles in diameter, and, if he will go out into that sea when the weather is warm and genial, he will find the country that the Symmes theory says can be found, of large forests of timber, largo rivers, and rich land, and the home of more wild animals than can be found anywhere else In creation, and the water fowls in abundance.

Now, sir, I propose to give the experience of many explorers in the North, and if they don't prove that there is more truth in the Symmes theory than in the Newtonian, then they may say, as they said of my father during his life, that his theory is "reared upon the baseless fabric of a vision." I will briefly state the experience of Capt. Parry, who made five voyages up there, and after the experience he had I do not think any man can doubt for a moment which theory has the most truth in it. Parry knew nothing of the Symmes theory, nor did any of the explorers I will mention. You will bear in mind that all the explorers start to go to the North Pole, and expect to get there on ice. When Capt.

Parry made his third voyage, ho was provided with reindeer and sleds, so that he could travel speedily over the ice to the Pole. He could not get his deer beyond 81st degree, for the much open water he encountered; but he went on, making his men propel his sleds (which were small boats on sled-runners) and when he came to open water he used the little boats to ferry from one cake of ice to the next, and the further north he got the more water he found, and the milder grew the weather. When he got to the 82d degree he found the ice only four feet thick, and his only safety in a storm in pulling his boats or sleds upon a cake of ice and thus outride the storm, and he began to feel some alarm but he went on, and when he got up to 82 he found the ice only three feet thick, but he encouraged his men to go on north, as he thought the ice would certainly get stronger, but when he got up to 82 degree he could not find a cake of ice that would bear his own weight, and the sun so hot as to melt the tar out of the seams of his boats, and small flies came on board, and all open water north of him, so he had to turn back, and came safely home. How does that agree with the Symmes theory? Capt. Ross, who made two voyages up there, says: "I stood on the bank of the open sea when it was calm and clear of ice, and experienced warm winds coming directly from the north, that melted the snow and ice at out him and far south of him.

How is that for the Symmes theory? Dr. Kane's men found open water when up to the 82d degree', and "climbed a mountain 500 feet high, and gazed out on a great waste of waters and not a speck of ice to be seen, and a wind coming directly from the north that blew a gale part of the time for three days, and came so warm as to melt snow and ice far south of them. "They found water-fowls in abundance, and their nests so plenty on the mountainside that they could have gathered a wagon load of eggs." They saw extensive grassy plains, and gathered many kinds of flowers. Capt. Hill went into winter quarters with his vessel at 80 degrees 38 and from thence took a sled-ride directly north, and did not go but fifty miles before he came to an open sea, and encamped on the bank of it and spent two days, and while there wrote his last dispatch to the Secretary of the Navy, in which he says; "I find this a much warmer country than I expected, and it abounds with life seal game, geese, ducks, musk cattle, wolves, foxes, deer, bear, rabbits, partridges, teeming with snipe and plover, and all kinds of wading birds." Does not all this go to prove that there is more truth in the Symmes theory than the Newtonian? Yet who knows anything about the Symmes theory, that has been lying dormant as it were since the death of its author in 1829? He petitioned Congress in 1822 and 1833 to fit out an exploring exdedition for him, and in his petition said: "I will go as far north as I can get with the vessel and then go on shore and go north by land, and will follow in the wake of the wild animals that go north in the fall from Greenland and return back there in the spring fat and leading their young, and where they go I can follow and they will show me the way to the new world that I say can be found, that I intend to call Symmzonia.

Congress thought his theory "wild and visionary." and laid his petition on the table; but now they will fit out Capt. How-gate at an expense of $50,000 to do the very same thing that Capt. Symmes proposed fifty years ago. Howgate is to land his men as near the 81st degree as he can, and then go by land in search of the North Pole; but instead of reaching the Pole he will find his way into Symmes' Hole, or all the experience of explorers will amount to nothing. There are 1,131,000 square miles of this world lying in the north yet undiscovered, and 1 want to accompany the Howgate expedition so that there will be no turning back when it is found that the Newtonian theory will not carry the exploring party on ice to the North Pole, but into Symmes' Hole, where the climate is warm and genial, and where the big trees and the vegetables and flowers grow that come floating down from the north and lodge on the northern coast of Spitsbergen and Norway.

All explorers in the extreme north will tell you that such is the fact. Where do they come from? Certainly there is no country laid down in the Newtonian theory from whence they could come. Yours with respect, Amebic us Symmes. master was a merchant named Craft, with whom he lived until he was 15 or 17 years old, at which time he was learning the trade of cabinet-maker. At that time his master became financially embarrassed, and he and his sister were sold, the latter passing out of his sight forever.

He passed into tho control of an officer of a bank having a mortgage on his old master's property, and continued at his o.d trade until he ran away, in 1848. He agreed to pay his master so much a month for his labor, agreed with the cabinet-maker to work for him at a certain price, and then made an arrangement with a hotel- keeper across the street to wait at table during meal hours for his board. By working late at night at his trade he managed filially to accumulate sufficient money to pav his wife's expenses "while escaping from slavery, and also to have a little money in his pocket when he reached Boston in 184 9. He was married in 1846 to the maid of a lady in one of the first families in the city, and he escaped by his wife disguising herself as an invalid gentleman while he pretended to be the valet. Up to this time he had received no education, except that he had by stratagem learned how to read a little, for it was unlawful in Georgia for slaves to be taught how to read and write.

However, knowing that it was essential to be able to write making their journey to the north, he made his wife put her hand in a poulticed sling, and if the name was wanted for a hotel register the clerk was compelled to write it. On leaving Macor the pair first went to Savannah, thence to. Charleston by steamer, to Wilmington also by steamer, then to Fredericksburg, Petersburg, Richmond, Washington, and Baltimore by rail, and finally on to Philadelphia the same way. Craft related one incident that occurred on the way from Baltimore to Philadelphia. A man got into the- iar in which he was riding and asked him where he was going.

He said he was traveling with his master, who was in another car, and that they were going to Philadelphia, when the man ad Franklin's Religion. A correspondent of the New York Evening Post, who has been studying the life of Franklin, writes. From a child Franklin was so fond of reading that all the little money that came into his hands was always laid out in books. And the first collection of books he ever made, the very nest-egg of "his library', was of John Bunyan's works in separate little volumes, a purchase induced by his love of the "pilgrim's Progress. That and "Plutarch's Lives, with the book of Do Foe's, called an "Essay on Projects, and another of Dr.

Mather's, called "Essays to Do Good," gave him, he says, a turn of thinking that had an influence on some of the principal future events of his life. It was "his bookish inclination" that determined his father to make him a printer, and he began his journeymanship under his brother James at the age of 12 years. At the age of 15, "after doubting by turns on several points of principles and morals," as he found them disputed "in the different books he read," he began, he says, to doubt of revelation itself, till he became a thorough deist, and at the age of 19 he wrote a pamphlet to prove the doctrine of fate, from the supposed attributes of God. But, in 1730, at the age of 24, he wrote a pamphlet on the other side of the question, "which began with laying for its foundation this fact, that almost all men in all ages and countries have at times made use of prayer." His earlier pamphlet "appeared not near so clever a performance as he once thought it, and his doubts now took the form of self-doubting. He "doubted whether some error had not insinuated itself unperceived into his argument, so as to infest all that followed, as is common in metaphysical reasonings." At the age of 58, in 1764, we And him writing to his daughter Sarah: "Go con stantly to church, whoever preaches.

The act of devotion in the common prayer is your principal business there, and, if properly attended to, will do more toward amending the heart than sermons generally can do. For they were composed (the prayers) by men of much greater piety and wisdom than our common composers of sermons can pretend to be, and therefore I wish you would never miss the prayer days. I pray that God's blessing may attend you, which is worth more than a thousand of mine, though they are never wanting. From tms impressive record we pass on to the age of 78 in 1784. We find Franklin reviewing the course of his own and his early partner, Strahan's, prosperity, and the causes of the success of the American revolution.

"But after all, my dear friend, do'not imagine that I am vain enough to ascribe our success to any superiority in any of these points. I am too well acquainted with all the springs and levers of our machine not to see that our human means were unequal to our undertaking; and that, if ft had not been for the justice of our cause and the consequent interposition of Providence, in which we had faith, we must have been ruined. If I had ever before been an atheist, I should now have been convinced of the being and government of a Deity! It is He who abases the proud and favors the humble. May we never forget His goodness to us, and may our future conduct manifest our gratitude." Let me close this notice of Franklin's religious convictions and habits with a quotation from his speech in the federal convention at the age of 81 in behalf of his motion for opening with prayer, after four or five weeks spent in confusion of counsels and without progress. Let the focus of this lens of opinion and advice be directed upon our present congress after nearly a hundred years.

"In this situation of this assembly," said Franklin, "groping, as it were, in the dark to find political truth, and scarce able to distinguish it when presented to us, how has it happened, sir, that wo have not hitherto thought of humbly applying to the Father of Lights to illuminate our understanding? In tho beginning of the contest with Britain, when we were sensible of danger, we had daily prayers in this room for the divine protection. Ourpray-ers, sir, were heard, and they were graciously answered. All of us who were engaged in the struggle must have observed frequent instances of a superintending providence in our favor. To that kind providence we owe this happy opportunity of consulting in peace on the means of establishing our future national felicity. And have we now forgotten that powerful friend? Or do we imagine we no longer need his assistance? I have lived, sir, a long time, and the longer I live the more convincing proofs I see of this truth, that God governs in the affairs of men.

And if a sparrow cannot fall to the ground without His notice, is it probable that an empire can rise without His aid? We-have been assured, sir, in the sacred writings, that 'except the Lord build the house, they labor in vain that build I firmly believe this; and I also believe that without His concurring aid we shall succeed in this political building no better than the builders of Babel; we shall be divided by our little, partial, local interests; our projects will be confounded, and we ourselves shall become a reproach and a by word down to future ages. And what is worse, mankind may hereafter, from this unfortunate instance, despair of establishing government by human wisdom, and leave it to chance, war, and conquest. therefore, beg leave to move that henceforth prayers, imploring the assistance of heaven and its blessings on our deliberations, be held in this assembly every morning before we proceed to business, and that one or more of the clergy of this city be requested to officiate in that servfee." The only notice by Dr. Franklin of the result of his motion was that of simple astonishment, thus: "The convention, except three or four persons, thought prayers unnecessary!" hind-hand to the amount of about $0,000. He said he had no money, and it was not the oil season, and if Craft woidd wait until the next season the account should be settled.

This the witness could not do, and the first thing he knew he woke up one morning, and in the yard surrounding his house there were about sixty slaves chained together, which the king had sent in payment of the claim. The messengers refused to take the people back, saying their own heads would not be safe if the king's decree were not obeyed, and, besides, the people would only be offered up as sacrifices. They were fled for some time, aud then Craft took them to Lages, where there was a British colony, and they were then set free, the government approving the action of Craft and giving him a statement which he has in his possession now. The English merchants were annoyed at the return of Craft, and deducted from the money due him on commission on the goods the sum the king could not pay. Craft remained in England until 1869, when he returned to America and told his English friends he thought he should run a school here.

They thought he and his wife would be good people to return to Georgia, and out of consideration for services rendered in Africa and England they gave him and his wife a sum of money, and papers of recommendation. Among those who interested themselves in the plan were the Right Hon. W. E. Forester, M.

Thomas Hughes, George Thompson, and Miss Martineau. The man was to purchase a suitable plantation and get a certain number of people together as the nucleus of a colony, tho people to work on the land and pay part of their products for the use of the land and for the benefit of the school. Craft remained in Boston until 1870, and in the month of April he went south. While here he saw Samuel E. Sewell, William Lloyd Garrison, Mrs.

Child, Wendell Phillips, George S. Hillard, James Freeman Clarke, and a large number of other ladies and gentlemen to whom he stated his intentions, and all of them thought his plan was a good one, and some of them assisted him with money. There was really no systematic plan at that time, and these friends "We shall be glad to have you do whatever you wish, and the money was given with that understanding, He also received letters from Senator Sumner and Vice President Wilson. Craft first went to Savannah and there saw a man named William Thompson, who had leased a plantation called Hickory Hill, on the Charleston road. Craft agreed to take the place from him, and the first year a very good crop was raised.

He then went to Macon, and while there heard a plantation could be procured in Bryan county, and he agreed with Mr. Ulmer to buy the place for something like $3,000. He then came north and borrowed $1,500, which Mr. Sewell collected and sent to Savannah. Unfortunately, tho money was not forthcoming at the time promised, and Ulmer used this as a pretext for not letting him have the place.

The money was returned to the north and paid back to the subscribers by Mr. Sewell. Then some ill-disposed persons set Hickory Hill on fire and everything was destroyed, the children escaping only in their night-dresses. This caused a loss in crops and money of about $9,000. In 1871 Craft was in Savannah and saw Col.

E. C. Wade there, and promised to lease Woodville for 1872-73-74, and in 1872 he got a man named Charles Delamotto to join him as partner in the growing of the crops. This is the place held by the witness now. It is nineteen miles from Savannah, on the Atlantic and Gulf railroad, and when Craft took poses-sion it was in a wretched condition.

There were no fences on the place, the houses formerly used by the colored people had rotted away, and the place was ail overgrown. The men went to work and cleared the land, built fences, repaired some of the houses so that four families could live in them, and planted a very decent crop, laying, as they hoped, the foundation for future prosperity. Unfortunately, the crop did not turn out well, they lost money, and Delamotte became dissatisfied and withdrew. About the close of the year some of the friends of Craft pressed him to accept the appointment of representative of America to Liberia, and he went to Washington and had an interview with President Grant on the matter. For some reason, however, the present incumbent was retained in office, and when Vice President Wilson asked Craft what he was going to do now he said he was going on with his old plan.

Mr Wilson then recommended him to go to the north and see his old friends, and he did so. At that time there was not a free school, he believed, in the country; ho was certain there was none for the cliildren of colored people. Mrs. Craft taught a few chUdren in her spare time, and her daughter taught occasion -afiy. Ladies Highland Kilts.

Of course, my readers know, writes a London correspondent, that fancy dress bans have become a popular institution in England now, and that women of all ages have been clamoring for invitations to these gatherings. The concoction of the fancy dress has become a welcome phase of excitement in many homes; but the last craze in the matter of fancy dress costume has brought about many hot words and quarrels in hitherto peaceful households. The most fashionable covering I can hardly say dress that a lady can now wear on these occasions is that patronized by the Highlanders. The Highland kilt has been worn with great success, I am told, by several ladies of distinction. One of these ladies appealed to a friend whether he thought it wrong to put on the Highland costume, and the friend answered that the importance was not in what she put on, but in what she took off.

I cannot and A Relle of Jackson's Time. A Washington correspondent of The Graphic writes: Mrs. Eaton, was the sensation of Wasliington during General ackson's administration. I never met her until last week, when, in search of information in regard to some former friends of hers now dead, I called upon her. She boards on the south side of Pennsylvania avenue, about three squares west of tho capitoL I found her bright and cheerful, and in spite of tho vicissitudes her life has known and her present straightened circumstances, not in the least embittered.

She has a plainly-furnished room in tho back-building of a house which, while in good repair, is long past its prime. Once the mistress of $110,000 in her own right, and when in the zenith of her reign in Washington society so beautiful that those of her own sex who remember her then are enthusiastic now in praise of her charms, it is indeed an honor to her that she can say she is happy now in a position so strongly in contrast to her past. She told me she often thought she was happier now than then. She is a a very tall woman, and as erect as in her youth. Her hair is perfectly white, but she still has enough not to necessitate the use of false hair; she wears a lace cap on the back of her head and the front hair crimped.

Those who have long known her say she cannot be under 80 years of age. She is as ready now to assist others to the extent of her abilities in obtaining appointments as when she was really a power In Washington. She told me of going to the president with regard to one case, and to the chairman of a congressional committee to ask attention to others. Her energy seems indomitable, and her health better than would be expected at her age. VALLEY FORGE.

vised him to leave his master, and said if he was inclined to do so he would direct him to a hotel where everything would be all right. Craft said nothing, but on get-tins: into the city about 4 o'clock In the morning of Christmas day, 1848 they went to the place recommended by the stranger, his wife going to a bedroom, while he remained in the sitting-room. He took out his pistol and laid it on a table, and then called for the landlord and told him they were runawav slaves from Geor gia, threatening to shoot him if he betrayed them. "I do not know that I would have shot him," said Craft, "but I told him so, anyhow." The landlord laughed, and afterward called in some gentlemen to whom the runaways told their story. They said they were on their way to Canada.

but as the weather was so very cold it was thought desirable not to make the attempt then, but to go to Boston. A Quaker Ohio railroad. It Is situated at tho confluence of the Potomac and Shenandoah rivers, on a point just opposite the gap through which the united streams pass the Blue Ridge, on their way to the ocean. The Ridge here is about twelve hundred feet in height, showing bare, precipitous cliffs on either side of the river, and exhibiting some of the most beautiful and imposing natural scenery to be found anywhere in the country east of the Rocky Mountains. The town was originally built on two streets, stretching along a narrow shelf between the base of the bluff and the rivers.

As the population increased, tho town gradually straggled up the steep bluff, and, in detached villages and scattered residences, occupied a level plateau some four hundred feet above the level of tho streams. The place has a population of four or five thousand, I should jirdge, and aside from tho features of natural scenery by which it is surrounded, is rather uninteresting, having an antiquated, dingy and rather squalid appearance. The fine arsenal and government workshops formerly in operation here were destroyed during the war, and as they stretch along the Potomac in front of the town, their mouldering ruins impart a melancholy aspect to the picture. The rivers are in themselves beautiful. The water, when not swollen by heavy rains, is of a transparent blue, and rushes with rapid current over and among the rocks which were scattered profusely over the beds of the streams.

I suppose this mountain range was called the Blue Ridge because there is nothing blue about it just as the crack band here is called the "Marine band" because it never goes near the water. There the heights are so precipitous as to afford no chance for vegetation, the rugged rocks are of the ordinary complexion, and where they are wooded, the foliage is of a deep and vivid green. There is an extensive water-power which was formerly largely utilized by the government. Everything at Harper's Ferry is associated with John Brown. Even the old citizens of anti-war times, who then considered Brown as simply a thief and a murderer, and who probably think so still, are rather proud of the distinction which his great raid has given their place, and they indicate with evident gratification the leading points of operation, as well of Brown and the immortal twenty-two, as of the several hundred valiant Federal soldiers and milita who finally overcame the Spartan band.

The arsenal which, as I have said, is now in ruins, was first captured and occupied by Brown. Driven from thence ho occupied the little engine-house near by, which he defended bravely until all of his force save three or four were either killed or desperately wounded. This historical structure now bears the legend, in ilaming white paint, "John Brown's Fort. It makes one's blood boil to re-read the accounts of Brown's stubborn light and capture. The blood-thirsty cruelty displayed by the Virginians would have better become the Sioux or Modocs than the boasted chivalry of the "Mother of Presidents." One can understand how, while the actual contest was in progress, the people, wrought up to fury, could take part in deeds of unusual atrocity; but how a civilized people could be guilty of such acts as were perpetrated by mUitia and citizens upon disarmed and wounded prisoners, is more than I can conceive.

Here is an extract from a report published in a Southern paper, which will give some idea of the savagery which prevailed: "The dead lay on the streets and in the the river, and were subjected to eveiy indignity that a wild and madly excited people could heap upon them. Curses were freely uttered against them, and kicks and blows inflicted upon them. The huge mulatto that shot Mr. Turner was lying in the gutter in front of the arsenal, with a terrible wound in his neck; and, though dead and gory, vengeance was unsatisfied, and many, as they ran sticks into his wounds or bat him with them, wished that he had a thousand lives, that all of them might be forfeited in expiation and avengement of the foul deed he had committed. Leeman lay upon a rock in the river, and was made the target for the practice of those who had captured Sharp's rifles in the fray.

Shot after shot was fired at him, and when tared by this sport, a man waded out to where he lay, and set gentleman offered them a refuge at his farm on the Delaware, and they went there and remained for tliree weeks. Whue there one of the young ladies of the family taught them to read and write a little, and that lady is now tho wife of Mr. Lewis, who is in the office Messrs. Nay lor in Philadelphia, if he is not a mem ber of the finn, and with whom Mrs. Craft The Lincoln Assassination.

In an interview with a reporter of the Baltimore Gazette, John T. Ford, who was manager of Ford's opera-house in Washington when Booth assissinatcd Lincoln, made his first statement in connection with the tragedy. Mr. Ford said John Wilkes Booth was trained from earliest infancy to consider the almost deified assassin Brutus just as Shakspeare immortalized him. His father was named Junius Brutus, and his brother is now the bearer of that same name.

The great actor frequently appeared in the play "Julius and not later than 1864 three of his sons acted the three loading characters of the play to an audience that applauded the sentiments of Brutus to the echo. Now trace the assassination of Lincoln. On the morning of April 14, 1865, Booth, who had conspired for six months previous to abduct President Lincoln and convey him a prisoner to the south, was the last guest at breakfast at the National hotel in Washington. The surrender at Ap-pomax had ended all chance for him to carry out his original conspiracy. He left the hotel after 11 o'clock that morning, and walked up Sixth street to and stopped at the Surratt house, where he met the widow who kept it returning from the religious services on Good Friday, and then the act of going to her farm or country place, the vehicle to convey her being already at the door, to collect some money due her, so as to pay what was due by her to the Calvert estate.

Booth, when informed of her intended visit, requested her to get some articles belonging to him that he had left at the country tavern, and then, bidding her adieu, he walked up the street to Tenth and down Tenth to the theatre. When he reached there it was about, or probably a little later than 12 o'clock mid-day. There he heard for the first time that both President Lincoln and Gen. Grant were to visit the theatre that night. The private box was in process of decoration, and the white-house messenger had been there an hour before to procure its use.

I believe, and all reliable written or oral testimony confirms that belief, that then and there the terrible thought of assassination first suggested itself. It came like this: "If I failed to serve the south in my conspiracy to abduct, I can now be her Brutus." This thought fastened on his brain, led him to go from the theatre toward the Kirkwood house, to have a conference with some of his old conspirators. John Surratt was away; O'Laughlin was in Baltimore, and Arnold was in a suttler's store at Fortress Monroe. They knew the abduction conspiracy had been abandoned; but Payne, Atzerodt, and Harrold were In Washington. These latter he got together, and conspired with them to kill the President, the victorious general, and some of the cabinet.

He must have written between the time when he parted with his conspirators and the hour he again appeared at the theater a lengthy statement for publication, excusing his intended crime by No-man precedent. When dying he referred to it for his justification. He gave, on the A. Centennial Celebration The Centennial anniversary celebratioir of the evacuation of Valley Forge by the Continental army, was celebrated June 19, under circumstances of unusual display and in the presence of thirty thousand people. At daylight cannons were fired and bells rung throughout the Schuylkill Valley.

At sunrise there was a salute of 13 guns, and, at 8:30 Gov. Hartranft and Adjt. Gen. Latta, accompanied by Gen. Winfiold S.

Hancock, and other distinguished gentlemen arrived, and were received by the military at nine o'clock. There was a memorial service procession which was formed at the military headquarters, consisting of military, bands of music, civic societies, and ladies dressed in white. The graves of the Continental and Federal soldiers were decorated. Appropriate services were held, and the procession moved over the totrenchments, which have remained since the occupation of the place by the Continental army, and over the historic ground, which was strewn with flowers by the ladies. A grand chorus of 300 voices rendered an anthem, and then Gen.

Hancock and Gov. Hartranft reviewed the military. There were 20000, in line. Fattening Brides. Throughout the empire of Morocco there are villages where the elder members of the adult population follow professionally the pursuit of fattening young ladies for the matrimonial market of Barbary.

The Moors, like the Turks and most other Orientals, give a decided preference to "moonfaced" wives over lean ones, and are more solicitous as to the number of pounds which their brides weigh than about the stock of accomplishments which they possess. A girl is put under the process of fattening when she is about 12 years of age. Her hands are tied behind her, and she is seated on a carpet during so many hours every day, while her "papa" stands over her with a mairague, or big stick, and her mother at times pops into her mouth a ball of or stiff-made porridge, kneaded up with grease? and just larga enough to be swallowed without the patient choking. If the unfortunate girl declines to be crammed, she is compelled; so that ere long the poor girl resigns herself to the torture, and gulps down the boluses lest she should be beaten. The select Senate committee appointed under the Matthews resolution is to commence investigation at once, the sessions to be open to representatives of the Associated Press only.

had always kept up a correspondence. Arriving in Boston, they attended a few meetings in the of the courthouse, at the request of some of the anti-slavery people, and afterward the witness opened a store in Federal street, where he carried on the second hand furniture business until a Mr. Fay, of this city, called to see him, with a gentleman from Macon, named Isaac Scott. Scott knew him while he was in slavery, and also owned a brother of his, and asked raft if he would not like to buy him. Cralt then thought it was time for him to move-, so he went on to Cambridge street, an 1 pursued the same line of business.

Meanwhile, although he had married his wife according to the laws of Georgia they thought the ceremony had better be repeated re, and, and accordingly they were again married by Theodore Parker, who was the nly clergy mau in the city in whom he had any confidence. He remained in Boston until tho fall of 1850, when the fugitive law was enacted, and Georgia officers came here to arrest him and his wife. They then took the train for Portland, the Rev. Samuel May going with them, and then took a steamer for New Brunswick, and hence to Halifax and to Liverpool. This was in the latter part of the year.

There they presented letters to Miss Harriet Martineau, who invited them to go to her plat at Ambleside, and treated them kindly, suggesting also that they should attend a school. They consented to go if they could find a school where they could partially pay for their education, and they finally found that Ladd Byron had such an nstitutaou under her care. Mrs. Craft did needle work, and he made and repaired furniture, their work going in part paymen' for their education, while their friends pai 1 the balance. They went to London after this, and Craft began doing business in waterproof articles, and in 1S59 or 1860 he was appointed, through a twxtaber of influentiid gentlemen in London, "With indorsemerts from the British government to the king of Dahomey, on the west coast of Af ri to try and induce him to indulge in legitimate commerce, with the hope of superseding the slave-trade.

Craft saw the king, and remained there for some months. He told him of his mission, and the king said the articles of Voltaire's Newspaper Patent. Voltaire may be called the inventor of the mode of discussion now most common in the periodical press that is, the quick reductio ad absurd um, and light satire, which plants its darts as it flies. Before his time, and long after it, controversalists assailed each other by laboriously constructed approaches, the design of which. Interning Reminiscence of the Battle of Atlanta Information Wanted.

During the battle at Atlanta, in 1864, at midnight, three Confederate soldiers called at the house of Mrs. Wm. McNort, and stated to her that one of her comrades in arms had fallen in the battle of the day before, and that the mother of their dead comrade had, in tears, exacted a promise from them, when she yielded him to the cause of the Confederacy, that should her boy fall in the strife they would not permit his remains to be buried in a public cemetery or be lost on the field; that in pursuance with said promise they had, from where he had fallen, three miles away, brought his remains, and asked the privilege, of interring them in her yard. The kind lady permitted them to do so. They wrote the name of their comrade, his mother's, and her address and then-own, and left them with her; but in a few days her house and its contents were burned to the ground by the Federal soldiers.

The three men were never heard of by her afterwards. She believes they were numbered with the dead of the next day's battle. Their names and the address of the mother of him whom they so tenderly buried have passed from her memory. She can only remember that his name was Murphy, and she knows he was from Missouri, and thinks he was from will not believe that such a bold and dar- ing form of fancy dress would ever become if it ever appeared at all, appeared only near the close of the fray. The letters of Junius are now very dull reading.

Very few first-class newspapers would be willing to admit them to their columns, and hardly anybody in public life would fear his attacks; the preparations for them are so ponderous that nobody's attention would wait to see the blow fall. But Voltaire would make the fortune of any "great journal" in our day, and would be pestered to death by the editors of monthlies and bi-monthlies, and would prove an invaluable champion of any "cause" he took up, because he would make his enemies the laughing-stock of the civilized world. popular among good and modest girls; but that it should have found favor in certain sections of even aristocratic society does not seem surprising after the recent revelations of feminine frivolity in high places. An important case was decided in the U. S.

court of claims. The Union Pacific railroad company brought suit in this court for half the transportation moneys withheld by the government, and the latter set up in offset a claim for five per cent, of the net earnings of the road since its completion. The suit raised two questions First, when the road was completed? Second, what constituted the net earnings? The decision is that the road was completed on November 6, 1869. him up in grotesque attitudes, and finallv pushed him off, when he floated down the stream. His body, and that of Thompson, which was also in the water, were subsequently brought on shore, as were all of them except a few which were taken by the physicians.

It will be remembered that Brown himself was brutally cut with a sabre and repeatedly stabbed with bayonets after he.