The Montgomery Advertiser from Montgomery, Alabama • 4

FOUR THE MONTGOMERY SER SUNDAY, APRIL 22 1945 Spang Put This In Your Pipe By The, Way By DONALD CAMERON MicGUTRl Bstaanaaea ita rwltlM Imi Moraia la IM Iw 1 TUB asvtaTlsta COT that we tried It once twenty years oV more ago. It dids work then but maybe we were too easily discouraged. Tell It To Old Grandma rtcaa try to cwaftM letter la IM vara. 11 ll ir 1 J--- -if el Peataffiea MM'jawri aa. eca Claaa Mali Maitee Oaaet aat ee Omkd ea elarek VI irt MUMOM Hnmaaei a irm aanee CM.

IIMI efcikea Hsrrn, KM flM 0. IMIH rmi Report Ol ASSOCIATED PRESS rtM Aaeuciiiea frees a exclusively nutMd to use twkiicaMD at all oewi dupe -cue crediiea una Mt oUriwia credited in this aapef tod else the iesi aewt published hereia. Blast el auaiweuoe eeeciai 4UpaUt-ea reaered THE BRILLIANT RUSSIANS There are days when we despair of the Russians and decide that they will always be suspicious and unpredictable and difficult to live with. There-are days when we think that the Russians almost deliberately annoy us by arbitrary actions made without consultation with their allies. Our mood was something like that a couple of weeks ago, when it looked as if the San Francisco conference was headed for failure even before it started.

Then it seemed that Russia was intent on stirring up differences which would make it difficult for the leaders the Big Three, to say nothing af the representatives of small nations, to agreement at San Francisco. Then Russia denounced her treaty with Japan. It was a brilliant move, striking the world suddenly and Inspiring high hopes. Of course, the treaty denunciation was not a suddenly conceived decision, but had been discussed and agreed upon, certainly, by the Yalta triumvirate. Russia has heavy scores to settle with the Japanese, dating back to 1905, and they have not been unconscious of the increasing dangers since the Japanese have been maintaining strong armed forces just across the Amur River in Manchukuo.

The brilliance of the move came in its ttmirig. It came just at thenoment when it would best remind all of us that Russia is in this war with the rest of us, has the same enemies as the rest of us. and desires the 1 aSa V)JV VX -V. V5--f Washington Calling By MARQUIS CHILDS WASHINGTON While the delegates af San Francisco are debating the form which the World Security Organization is to take, Congress will be considering the economic and financial props that are essential if any international organization is to be more than a hopeful gesture. The reciprocal trade agreements bill and the Bretton Woods agreement are just as important as what comes out otSan Francisco.

That may be why the administration has apparently decided to allow these measures to get no further than the committee stage until after San Francisco. That seems to me a dubious decision. It I might be better to out the full resDonsi-1 bility squarely up to Congress and, let the debate go on while the delegates of the 45 nations are our official guests. Bretton Woods, in particular, is a test of our intentions. Are we going to talk a noble peace while, on the economic side, we insist on keeping the old weapons' that finally lead to war? The Bretton Woods plan agreed to by representatives of 44 nations sets up two international organizations.

One is a bank for reconstruction and development. Everyone, including the American Bankers Association, is for that part of the plan. The second part of the agreement has stirred a controversy. This is the international monetary fund. It is a pool of money formed by the contributions of all member nations.

We put up so roany dollars, Britain puts up so many pounds, the French so many francs, and so on. Then, if a country feels that its currency is depreciating slipping downward in relation to world prices that country can como to the monetary fund and get a stabiliaSk tion loan. If England had large payments to make in France, she would get francs from the fund and agree to repay the credit later in pounds sterling. This would help to do away with currency speculation the kind of gambling in mqney which has made big profits for a few people at the expense, often, of cur One of the moat significant and fateful meetings man has ever held will open in San Francisco on the 25th of this month. Look ing at it in perspective there are fw questions that keep recurring to one's mind.

Will the high contracting parties maintain the unity that held them together in past conferences? The absence of Roosevelt may at this point be fatal to close cooperation between the Big Three we fervently hop notv The second question is, What mood and Ipir-it will prevail at the conference? What voice will sway the judgments of the group? The absence of Roosereit is not the only new difficulty that faces the conferees. Past conferences dealt, in the main, with general questions. To be effective this one must take up specific and detailed matters. We have come to the defining point, and no cynicism intended to the division of the spoils. The going will be hard from now Let us look at the situation in this way.

Each participant is going to be on the alert for the interests of his own country. It therefore inevitable that there be a certain of suspicion in his mind. He will question silently, no doubt the motives and" purposes of delegates from other countries. There will be sparring for favorable openings, and certain powerful voices will be audible speaking for Self. In the end one of these voices will prevail, and settle the fate of generations yet unborn.

The voice of Power. Consciousness of power will determine, to a large extent, the askings of the different groups present. It seems reasonable to suppose- that the point will be reached where, implicitly or explicitly, the question of the surrender of sov--ereignty will arise. If it does not come up at San Francisco it must come up at another conference, for the permanent peace will not be secured until all interested parties are willing to leave the narrow, stifling prison of nationalism, and risk the wider field of international unity. When it does come up the whole question of world peace will be in the balance.

Here is where the voice of Power may well play a decisive role. If it speaks imperatively, as has been its custom, for the principle of Whal we have we hold, then whatever camouflage it may use, the world will be ruled by the ancient precepts of the Balance of Power, and power politics will-prevail. That way lies ruin, and Kipling's tragic lines will find their second vindication: "Comfort, content delight, The Ages' slow-bought gain; All vanished in a night-Only ourselves remain." The Voice of Greed. Wherever men meet there is heard that strident note. Who among th Big Three is willing to give up land, or trade or rich concessions for the good of.

the weak and the small? And if one of the Big Three insists on such a so-called right, wiu not the others put forth their claims also? If such a condition occurs, if once the acquisitive, spirit is et loose and articulated it' would be very naive indeed to hope that altruism and goodwill can win the day- It is equally naive to hope "that the acquisitive spirit be not present. Only an operation by me xauiy opiru on we neartg 01 every oeie-gate present could remove the deep desire for gain that is rooted there. '-J But there is a brighter side to the aitna- tion than the above would indicate. For the ai.owj fcllG vile 1 1 1 yvijs, ujr pcmiiasiuu, ue iieai at ine conierM- MfP True, it will he henrri inlirAptltr mA not directly. There will be nresent reDresent nlhra.

1 A 1 Sdiiifcouuiu All bile vapatHr Ul BUyiACU Billow counsellors. This is art immeasurable gair'' and augurs well for the future not onlx.of religion, but of the nations as welL-It shows a new trejld in, political thinking; a recogni-, iioa oi me iaci mat new iorce must De put to work in the building of a iusttand durable social order. The past has proven that treaties and compacts of whatever kind are little more than scraps of paper in the face of the imperious demands of national desire. Here, at last, the Voice of humanity, ana tne voice of uod have some however small, of helping to make the foun-' dations of a new world order. Under such circumstances is it not both the right and the duty of every person' who wishes an end to war, and the coming, of permanent peace, to make his iudgment known to our representative at San Fran cisco? burely this would be democracy at work, and the citizen exercising his right to make his voice heard at the seats of the mighty? He would be taking to himself that which is his both by Divine right and hy government edict the privilege of express- intf hill desire tn thnee nrhn are hie urvanti his elected representatives.

For the sov- -ereign power in a democracy is always in the keeping of the people. WHY NOT? A dancing master who is introducing a new dance in which one step is taken forward and two wants suggestions for naming it. Why not Call it civilization? St. Louis Star-Times. SUMMER DUTIES And we still think science is recreant in not devising a beautiful green grass that grows one and a half inches high and quits for the season.

The Memphis Commercial-Appeal. BEST BUY ANYWHERE A Fifth Avenue department store in New York displays the following sign: "You can't beat these values anywhere. Full value, $25. Now $18.75. No size problems.

Suits everybody. Makes every age happy." Yes, advertising, war bonds. Philadelphia Record. there's a word of truth in that, but Tdo know all sorts of rumor3. most of them without foundation, in fact, fly thick and fast in mining communities in situations like the current one, and that the net result is a general confusion of facts and issues which find fertile soil in the minds of men already considerably prejudiced against conditions and things generally.

Take, for instance, the spectacle of a certain local union voting, of an afternoon, to return to work the next day. and then not doing it. Or of men reporting for work and then deciding fo go back home. Men don't do things like that without some reason, or, at least, without what they think is cause or reason. It all adds up to just this: The men hold their meeting They talk over points at issue.

They get assurance from accredited sources that these issues are adjusted or in the process of adjustment. They like the prospects and they vote to get-back on the job. Comes tomorrow and somebody had had a final word a whispered suggestion here, a veiled threat there, and all is doubt and confusion again. If Bill Jones don't work, then Sam Smith won't, and on it goes. "No contract, no work.

No contract, no work" been the battle cry of the mfrier. and right now he doesn't seem to comprehend fully that the union and the operators have signed a contract What's eating on him is that WLR hasn't approved it, and it's whispers! to him 0er the back fence that WLB probably will not, und that he ought not to work without a contract. There wood to be rut. gardening to be done, and Soring housecleaning, ana he stavi at home another dav Nothing herein is to he taken as an answer to or an excise for uircnt work stoppage for which, the," i--. ii this I iter'l Way of thinking, neiUier answer nor excuse.

rency stability. It would help to eliminate the kind of funny business with blocked currencies which the Nazis, under the guidance of crafty Hjalmar Schacht, carried to fantastic lengths. The bankers object because, they say, the privileges of getting credits is "non-discriminatory." That is a banker's word meaning they would like, to see tighter restrictions put on the privilege of borrowing from the fund. The treasury experts, who have nfarsed the agreement along from the beginning, reply that the 30-page Bretton Woods agreement contains very careful provisions limiting the right to obtain credits. Certain requirements are laid down, and if the borrowing country does not comply, then the director of the fund can refuse the loan.

The adoption of the Bretton Woods plan is not going to bring the millennium, with Wall Street paved with gold and choirs of Angels singing the stock exchange building. As Ahe bankers have pointed out, its usefulness is limited. But it does seem to be a beginning. The United States worked with Britain and France to hold the chief currencies of Xhe' world on an even level. Our treasurer entered into bilateral stabilization agreements with Latin-American countries, and out of' that operation came a profit of $100,000,000.

Bretton Woods carries stabilization the next logical step, in a formal international compact-President Truman, at his first press conference, gave his complete approval to the plan in language that no one could misunderstand. Hearings before the House Banking and Currency Committee are still going on. Representatives of many large organizations have come out for Bretton Woods as an economic prop under the political plan that will evolve at San Francisco. The delegates out on West Coast are going to have one ear cocked at Congress. They will w-ant to know whether we intend to stand behind our noble professions of good will.

(C), 1945, by United Features Syndicate, Inc. Children's Clinic, and that they are regular supporters of the Red Cress. Moreover, most of them have somebody in this war a son, nephew, daughter or other close relative. All of which simply adds to the incongruity of the situation and vastly complicates i any attempt to find the answer: I Nevertheless, it is essential, in the interest of fair evaluation of the picture, to remember I That miners, as a class, are inherently imbued with conviction that their lot, over the years, has been a sorry one economically; that while there has consistently been raised a hue and cry as to the essential I nature of their occupation in times of war, thev have not been paid wages comparable with industries classified as less essential, and that they have been able to get where I they are today only through liberal use of the onlv weapon they Jcnow the strike. Striking is traditional with the coal miner.

It is something of a ritual to him; a threat, as it were, to any who might have the idea that he'll ever go back to the days of sunup I to sunset work at a rate of pay entirely in-' adequate to provide the ordinary necessities of life. I And there are unwholesome influences at work, influences to which the miner is readily susceptible largely because he is. as rule, more than ordinarily superstitious. Coal miners are not brought up in luxurious surroundings. Their educational advantages have not been the best and many of'them have fal'en victims to just plain ignorance to which is added a liberal sprinkling of superstition, especially among the Negro workers.

I Take the case of the shooting at Mfllga, for instance. It did not help the situation a bit. Apd on top of that, came reports that several 1 men had been beaten up" at another mine. The reports spread, as repoits have a way of doing in mining camps, embellished as they spread, until there was a general jittery feeling over a large secticm of trie operations i One Negro man, held in personal high es- 1 teem by his employer, was certain someone with a rifle across his lap had sat throughout the dav to take a pot shot at him when he left the mouth nf the mine. He wasn't at work the next dav and neither were the other members of his family Now these unwholesome influences sre insidious and elu ive A lot of it comes from men who are just plain trouble-makers by nalure and by preference some members of the union, some not.

There probably are several motives he hind it all. hut a predominant one is and his bern a veil rerogni-ed plot or plan to di'Teriit the local distrirt officials It t-a hern sa d- anrl tn; is a tough nnr to reprat sorrp of it VPs Company inspued. Tersonaily, I do not know whethei "KW v. GERMAN PRISONERS Editor, The Advertiser: It appears Congress has appointed a committee to investigate the pampering of German prisoners, and this is well; however, why" hasn't Congress renounced the principles of the Geneva Convention in so far as Germany and Japan are concerned, which bind our armed forces in the treatment of prisoners, and the men charged with the duty of looking after 'em? Germany and Japan have violated every precept and obligation of this covenant, and is there any earthly reason why we should feed and fatten, and give these vermin cig-arets and other luxuries, when our boys who have been taken prisoners by Germany and Japan are denied the necessities of life? We hear the soft headed gay the Germans and Japs might retaliate. Well, how could it be any worse, except death, and we have enough instances showing they even commit murder by killing prisoners, besides we have more of them than they have of us.

It should be clear to any one who has sufficient intelligence to keep out of the home of the feeble minded, that these fiends fear nothing but force. How long are we going to be soft headed as well as soft hearted? These gangsters have a contempt for our softness, and when under the Geneva Convention we return the millions of prisoners to Germany, they will be fat and sassy as ever, and immediately commence the foun- dation for another war which our children and grandchildren will have to fight. Have we the right to jeopardize the future of our children, and the children yet unborn? As I see some of these German prisoners riding in cars, smoking cigarets, looking fat and sassy, smiling at our stupidity, I rebel, and in my opinion all who hve children in this war also rebel. Congress can at least renounce the covenants of the Geneva Convention and unshackle the hands of our armed forces in dealing with all such. Certainly Congress needs no investigating committee to do this.

Those who are stupid enough to differentiate as to these Germans, should first learn to unscramble eggs. They are all Nazis and should be dealt with accordingly. Dothan.Aia. OSCAR'S. LEWIS.

RECOGNITION OF FRANCO SPAIN Editor, The Advertiser: I am writing to you on behalf of the Friends of the Spanish Republic, of which I am the chairman, to ask your help in an important undertaking in connection with the United Nations Conference at San Francisco. The Friends of. the Spanish Republic, formed by the Nation Associates, of which Freda Kirchwey is president, is submitting to the conference a request for a hearing where it may present its proposals for United Nations action to end recognition of Franco, encourage the formation of a democratic government by Spanish Republicans, and reserve a place in the new security organization for such a democratic government when formed. The time has come to project this issue not merely as an act of simple justice to a sorely betrayed people and country, but as a matter of self-protection, for it should be obvious that there will be no peace or security in Europe as long as the front door to Europe is left in the hands of Hitler's ally, Franco. Very recently, representatives of the State Department, in a national broadcast, told the world of their knowledge of Nazi plans to prepare for World War III.

As long as Franco Spain continues in existence it will continue to serve as the transmission belt for the Nazi underground. Remembering that-half a world was conquered ploodlessly, through the method of propaganda, it iseSgy. to relate the plans of the Nazi underground with the appointment as new minister plenipotentiary to Washington of Manuel Azaar, erstwhile military and diplomatic commentator of the Falange newspaper "Arriba." The connection between the Falange and the Nazis requires no new emphasis at this late daft; this is obviously the old device In a new disguise. The record of Franco Spain in support of Italian and German Fascism, and the work of the Falar.ge in undermining democracy on the South American continent will be submitted to the consideration of the United Nations Conference. It is certain that the issue must come up.

indeed the question will undoubtedly arise in the discussions of the places which are to be left in the security organization for so-called neutral countries. For Franco Spain is still not only regarded technically as a neutral, but, insofar as our own country is concerned, we have seen in recent days an extension of our business, as well as our diplomatic relations with the Spanish dictatorship. Thve is also the fact that a powerful pro-Franco lobby is being organized in San Francisco. In case you ever want any additional material on this subject which you might wish to pass along to your large audience, we would be very glad to dig it up for you. Your support of the issue of Republican Spain would unquestionably have an important effect, rot only on the delegation of our country, but on representatives other countries associated ia.

the United Nations. New York Citv. WILLIAM L. SHIRER. THE ISSUE AT SAN FRANCISCO Editor.

The Advertiser: On Aug. 21, 1944, there convened at the historie ind beautiful "Dumbarton Oaks." in Washington, a conference among the representatives of sundry nations led by England, Russia. American and China for the purpos? of establishing an association of United Na-tiors to procure and perpetuate permanent peace. The gathering delegates were welcomed hv President Roosevelt. Secretary of State Hull, and Under Secretary of State The conference did excellent work and adjourned about the middle of October.

Upon the results of this and other conferences and of the great conference to take place in San Francisco on the 25th of the present month will depend the future happiness of mankind and the prospects of peace fin 1 1 times to come. Prior to the present war. all hope oeace lay in the poer anil might of tl, individual na'ions or in a system of local ri of sur.drv nations, geographically valuable to each other or bound by fconomie ties of mutual interest. This balatire of dow-ei theory, provrd in practice, a sorry farce, ard tended to foster and promote wars rather than to prevent them. After the first World War.

President Wilson, the first of our great idealists and altruists, sought to found the League of Nations, and avowed its purpose as being to end all war In spite of jibes and jeers ranging from Clrmenceau's hitter jest regarding Wilson's insistence on his 14 points, "But Your Exrellency. the Good God was content with onlv ten," to other and more violent opDosi-t on. Mr Wilson had tue germ of a great idea Though his plan, due to our supposed geographical immunity from attack, and the powerful efforts of self i -h isolationists (per-haos aided by Mr. Wilson's lack of tact) failed, the idea persisted. When the astute Mr.

Roosevelt saw the present "ar threatening our count rv and clamored for preparedness his belief in Mr. Wilson's plan and his humanitarian heart and mind. raueH him to sponsor rfnd urge some orearira'ion to renew pnd the task Mr Wilton had begun In rffoit he vat favored hy the exposure r.f the fallacy thai 'if "ejr geographical! n.r.mne fron a'tark. t-r rx''enr ho--, ore and cost of ti a and 50 marked an influence over other nat.ons, that he could SUBSCRIPTION He TES aformna advertiser ailernooa Journal ftf Carrier or by stall Wbcn Carrei Nvvspepej service is alaicuioati sad Bevnad Zones and 3 I ft a aaoa I aaoa I no Mora. In.

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Near Centar BMe.i Sap PVeneleen 100 Mftmrrnwerv Street "I PMON1 Ll OtPAHTMtNTS rim 1,30 oa to 10 30 on Da Hi After 10 30 0 av sal 1 On Buads'S Telephone New Department 6201 Met Ad Department Colore News Bureau lal) houral 1-1886 Ctrcalattoi and Del'ver? T7 CADET NURSE RECRUITMENT Montgomery young women who wish to serve their country, who wish to become a Teal part of the war effort this week have an opportunity to join the U. S. Nurse Cadet Corps, and train at home. Tomorrow, through next Saturday, Cadet liurse Recruitment Week will be held in Montgomery. j8t.

Margaret's Hospital is offering the ifurse training course, and offers its facilities to local young ladies with the hope that the armed forces and possibly our own hospitals will benefit in future years Ibry 'those schooled now. Arrangements are available for thirty nurse candidates to begin training in August. Casualties in the armed forces are in creasing with approach to victory. It the wish of every American that the men and women injured in defending the principles of democracy have the best possible medical and nursing care. The armed 'forces use only graduate registered nurses for assignment with military units, but the place of the student nurse is also vitally important.

Experience has proven that 50 senior Cadet Nurses serving in Army hospitals in this country can relieve forty graduate nurses from military duty elsewhere. The 20,000 new students recruited in the Spring campaign will help to relieve the nursing aortage--both in the military- forces and Ti the home front. Graduates from accredited highschools with good records and good health between the ages of 17 and 35 can apply. Tfuition, room, board and fees will be paid tjy the U. S.

Public Health Service. Uniforms and a monthly personal allowance are also supplied. There' are many ways a young woman can serve her country. But there is no ihore inspiring way than as a nurse, both ijl peacetime and war. THIS CANT BE We are told that Montgomery is failing 111 the drive for warm clothing and for the millions in rags abroad.

This nationwide clothing collection closes on Xpril 30, and Montgomery must not fail to Bet out its full quota of clothing for the delivering people of Europe. If there were any real shortage of clothing in America, we should be expected to contribute the worn and old things in our ardrobe, but, though we can't always fjnd what we want to wear in the stores, cjux wardrobes are full to overflowing with presses, coats and suits that we wear rarely cjr never, with pants that Junior has outgrown, with many things that are longer In use but are "too good to throw away." Now is the time to make careful inventory of the storage closets in every home. a garment stiH has wear in it, it would trll provide some warmth to somebody who hasn't had any new clothing since 1839, but Ls no longer needed by youi family, then it is right for the clothing collection. After clearing out ail of this surplus clothing, you'll ffel better for two You will have done a good deed. nd It will be so much easier to take carr of the remaining clothing in your ward-lobe.

There are several agencies collecting and we note a big box in th lobby tt the Post Office. Get out the blanket nd sweaters and suits that are not brinR worn, and turn them over to this gre.it wlothing collection now. Montgomery can't fall. It' a sin to play golf on Sunday the gome people play it1 Remember wlirn a restaurant menu was tv long list of things they still had when ou ordered? Sunday fishing and Sunday golf i. why lnanjr married men carry religion in heir wives' names.

Eight Midwestern prisoi -of ar ramps paid $244,070 Into the U. Trr-a-ury from iifl. 1 to March 3. i same goal of peace and security as the rest of us. Within a few days, when people were wondering how the death of the great leader of America would affect our relations with Russia and the course of the war and the peace ahead, Russia, at the suggestion of our new President, made another brilliant move in deciding to send Foreign Minister Molotov to San Francisco, with a visit en route in Now it appears that a soIutioV'of the Polish difficulty may be at hand.

Such a solution would be due to several causes, among them continued Anglo-American insistence cyi a reorganized government to include some of the London Poles and the decision of former Premier Mikolajczyk to bid for membership in a new Polish gov-, eminent, but success will be due in great measure to the Russians. A solution satisfactory to Britain- and America would be another brilliant move on the part of the Soviets, one which all the world would welcome as a sign- of Russia's desire to live in harmony with the rest of the world. While these well-timed moves on the diplomatic front were confounding our enemies and strengthening the hands of all men of good will, the Russians have been performing with equal brilliance on the military front, where they have been forging steadily' ahead to make an early junction with the spearheads of Anglo-Ameri- can forces in the heart of Germany. We do not understand the Russians, but they make good allies. They are good people to have on our side, and there is every reason to believe that they will continue on the side of order and peace in the years ahead, still on our side.

WHO W.ANTS A BARREL? We do not know just how widely The Christian Science Monitor is read among gardeners in Montgomery but we'd be will- 1 inr In 'npt ffpnprniic hnnlr nf Rtrawhprrv shortcake there are devotees of the Boston paper down here in the deep South. And if we are right, we'd also be willing to make a little side bet that their- sins will soon proclaim their identity Jchn Gould recently had a piece in the Monitor that stirred us to a fever of excitement. Or perhaps our excitement was not due altogether to Mr. Gould's proficiency in Dhraseology but due in part to I a basket of high priced strawberries that we didn't buy recently at the grocery store. Much as we like strawberries and cream, or shortcake, we just couldn't see half a buck's worth of "the good life" in a quart of anything, even strawberries! And while we were still debating the wisdom in denying ourselves a few mixiutes of pleasure over a dish of berries wefound Mr.

Gculd's great contribution to victory Briefly stated, it was a concise description of how to grow strawberries by the barrel. The writer was honest enough to admit that the idea was not his own. but he did say that it was as good as if it had originated with him. And it was convincing in fart that do not srr how anyone roukl it hy wr.hoti! a trial In short all rre nffds to supply his wildest dreams bernr.s is. a largp sizd wooden barrel One end of 'he barrel is knocked cut.

and then the re-t of the barrel is filled with one inch augur holes. A small slandpipc of wood Is then placed upright in the center of the barrel. Then the barrel filled wi'h soil and a strawberry plant is stuck in'o each augur hole All one has to do after that is to pour an occasion bucket of water down the pipe and wait for the berries Nature is to do the rest is no wedine necessary. And the berries never get dirty On paper, especially th way John Oould tells it. the echelon perfect It just can't fall So we expect victory gardener will soon Odd barrelled st rawberrie to the of 'ii'ir bark yards have a hunch fan -h Boston pi in of berry cul! ure rrgardieis of the fart Why Are So Many AlaBama Coal Mines Idle? (By Robert W.

Kincey in Birmingham News) Why do Alabama coal miners continue their work stoppage in the face of a new contract which materially improves their economic position, with a war to win, with industries closing to put other union men out of work, and with the flag of the United States flying over 55 of the State's mines? That, ladies and gentlemen, is the $64 question, and, while I cannot find any answer that seems even approximately adequate, I believe I can remove some of the complexity of the picture by telling you a few fundamental things about coal miners. In the first place, we may as well discard from the start the accusation in some quarters that the miners are unpatriotic and that thev are indifferent about the war. That is not true, and to prove it you have only to consider that the miners are liberal buyers of War Bonds; that they subsrribe in greater measure than many other classes to ihe Community Chest and the Crippled persuade them to listen in friendship and ith understanding. The energy and persuasiveness of Mr. Roosevelt, combined with these other factors, brought about and made possible this conference.

The make up and the mode of functioning of the proposed United Nations Council is much better portrayed in the diagram in "Life of Oct. 23. 1944, than I could explain in many pages of manuscript. The big four. England, Russia, America and Chin (to which will speedily be added France to make the "Big and a great number of mall nations, have agreed upon the plan in principle.

There remains to be settled at the San Francisco Conference many questions such as methods of voting and number of votes, the application of sanctions, and the method of application and the extent of application of military snd naval force in case of necessity. Also the question of whether our Senate must pass on questions submitted or whether the representative or represents tives of the United States shall be empowered in advance. I am sure the brave and wise spirit of our departed President will watch with interest the launching of his brain child and that the wise and experienced Hull and the brilliant Stettiniiif and our other able representatives will feel upon their shoulders his guiding hand. Mavhap. too, the echoing voice nf the deoarted fr.ends of many of trie represent stives of the other nations ran he heard in memory its plea, for patience, selflessness, and understanding Perhaps the dream rnsv af'er all he fulfilled So let it he fiod fi'id So iet it he' Miiibrook.

Ala. LOUIS C. PHELPS..