The Montgomery Advertiser from Montgomery, Alabama • 4

MONDAY, AUGUST 27, I MOMttUMtRY AOVtKMStB Gcir.g Up New York Day Bv Day tf O. alt IS TT Eg News Behind The Ne'J rati HALLO! I aaaaaiBajaaaaaaaaas jajajaaaapaaja ft- r.a ic is Featiaaar rra la 1. aaa aa HK aUMCMEAD Ah.Ct.HCtJ t.tF'tei:.v Willis B. JUrkhead, Alabama, atKeusces kis iity for Speaker cf tie Hju, and he Lis the bleu ft of all AUtir iipea fcim. Ti.

common is that Eepre-tsiativt Byrns, of TtBii has the ad-tan tage ia the race, due the fact that he at present the majority leader ia the r- tr Ltd il IwStNG il I SI JWi 'i sr t' -asv: i "I Off The Bench By JUDGE WALTER EC JONES WASHUiGTCX. A tt. Tht sadam ta at Mfw Deal km is 1X4 on scout IM Nauonal Laaor aft General Jebbaee fc-jse to save wt E.ue aie laca in iiat Dodo- van caae. The General i break do, eva Dow wzitn iney Mj out lEaide tUJTT of bow it happened. Hen as the treat of Ail industry, bo u4 all enipkeri vhat tbeir la aor reiauooa should be.

Here be ha4 fired tor in- an trkaome i to bins young sr-wr. John Dodo van, union bead Ot KRA worsen. Tel the tALL labor court, which tbt mighty General Jim4 helped to set up, orer-rukd turn and ordered Donovan's restursuon. It hard to late. Won charactensuc nonchalance, the Gen eral tape tt to the surf.

That Is to tar, be was imnurii at a small Delaware Bead) r- aort when the labor court verdict was ren dered, and. ears later, be was sUll swimming. Apparently, be bad not come up for air in tt interim, as the energetic efforts ot newsmen to let comment from him was a com plete failure. aaaa REASONS The explanation offered by the labor people for the outcome of the case is that they bad a good case and the board could lux have decided otherwise. A more interesting Inner view Is expressed by some KRA officials who whisper that labor put them on the spot, an excessively hot spot.

There was Bothinc to do but to sacrifice the General's pride and let labor win, with as little tius as possible. Otherwise, the NRA would certainly have lost prestige with the labor groups. There are Indications that even the General subscribed to this view. He tumbled around with the matter at first, but soon found the most influential labor groups were banging on bis neck. Donovan was shoved into the background and labor leaders and lawyers took up bis case, tt was then that the General finally agreed to arbitration before the new national labor relations board.

aaaa MACHETES It is significant that the board cut the bearings to a single day, and even more significant that Johnson refused to appear to defend himself. When pressed, be sent a written statement which was almost trivial. The court then fumbled 12 days more. When suspected of dilatory tactics, tt Issued a decision upholding Donovan. It was a strong victory for labor, but one which, they say, is not yet complete.

The la bor boys now have machetes bidden la their belts for a certain KRA official (not John son) whom they consider responsible for Donovan's difficulties. They will not celebrate their victory until be is out. WISDOM No one knows the depths of wisdom which the NRA explores In its thousands of decisions, which, unlike the Donovan case, never reach the public eye. A small Rhode Island textile mill appealed to Its code authority six weeks ago for exemption from the order curtailing production per cent It wanted the exemption for one month only, until Aug. 23.

The code authority declined. An appeal was taken to another NRA board. It also declined. A final appeal was taketo by the. company to the industrial relations board.

On Aug. 21, the appeals board Issued a decision reversing the two lower boards, and approving the exemption until Aug. 25. That' left the company just four days in which to manufacture all it wanted. LIBERTY There has been more warm speculation concerning the motives behind the new American Liberty League (Al Smith, et al) than any other political development of the year.

There are rumors that it Is the beginning of a third party, that it will advance Al Smith 'or the residency in 1936, that it will go into the congressional elections against the New Dealers. Some of the founders of the movement may have had some of these Ideas remotely in mind, but the Immediate purpose seems to be to throw a little ice water on the hot reformers in the New Deal, by issuing public statements and organising. The only immediate hope seems to be that the organization will deter the Administration In some of its advanced reform notions. After that, It will be like the monetary policy and Topsy i.e., it will grow to whatever dimensions it reaches. NOTES rloor Xesder Byrns" Is in a very delicate position In his race for the speakership, fie happens to be chairman of the congressional campaign committee and is in a position to favor Democrats who would vote for him for Speaker.

He will not do it, of course, but there may be some trouble about it. There has been a. lot of Just and unjust criticism on the inside against Byrns for taking the campaign jab while he'was floor leader. The secret reason he took it was to keep a certain Democratio representative from getting It. And It is well he did, for the man who would have received the Job has already been defeated In the primaries.

Commerce Secretary Roper knows how to hold press conferences. When there was no news the other day, he served watermelons. The New Dealers privately refer to the new Liberty League as being composed of "2 ex-Democrats, 2 ex-Republicans and an angel." Confucius On Music Is it possible that by their music a people may be known, not only because it Is their product but also because of the effect It has on them? Let those who may suppose that there Is no connection between the character of a people and their music consider the observations of Confucius on the subject. for Instance, the following from the current issue of Tempo: "When you enter a State," said Confucius, "you know what subjects have been taught. If they (the people) show themselves men who are mild and gentle, sincere and good, they have been taught from 'The Book of Poetry'; If they are big-hearted and generous, bland and honest, they have been taught from 'The Book of Music." Commenting on the music of various States of the Chinese Empire of his days, we find In the "Ll-Kl" (Book of Ceremonies, edited by Confucius) the following: "The airs of Kang go to excess and the mind; those of Sung speak of slothful Indulgence and of women and submerge the mind; those of Wei are strenuous and fast and perplex the mind; those of KM are violent and depraved and make the mind arrogant.

The airs of these four States all stimulate libidinous desire and are Injurious to virtue." And again, he says: "However small the sphere of government, the highest Influence of propriety and music should be employed." The ancient Chinese philosopher's mind may have been a little warped on the subject. Certainly many must consider his views regarding life and music a little extreme. Nevertheless, muslo Is of a people and a people are to a certain extent of their music. All of which leads to the Idea that In the course of human events those who believe they were born to supervise the goings and comings of their fellows will doubtless undertake the censorship of music. Chattanooga Times.

WE AIM TO PLEASE Peddler "Any teapot spouts, pencils, pens, plates, or baskets today, mum?" Lady of the House "If you don't go away I'll call the police." Peddler" 'Ere you are, mum whistles, sixpence each." Humorist. KEW TCRK, Aug. it Diary: Out to see a vVt-vHian Adaics djg canvas and to a Greek tare Tom Mard ted me about far a tjeuau omelet. Home and a leser from u.e hard-faJ oqbucs, Uitchell and Durant. Aaw a note from WiJuam Lyon Phelps and a Vancouver (tf card from Corey Ford.

Typed a spell and off charioteering with mj dt to Far Rocaawsy, the first tube there ia a dosen yean. And along the way a jerry -b-oiil roadside fcuich advertised the former FoLe girt, Imcgena Wilson, as an entertainer. So lotting sucks the sea for the Boston to retrieve. To the city to dine and talked to Gary Cooper, of the monea, and bis lady. Ako saw Ura.

W. R. Hearst, Mrs. Margaret Amory, and Prances Landlord of the radio. Early to bed reading a gripping first novel.

Slim," about journeymen lineman, so exatmg I did not put tt do until 4 am. 1 aaaa Because I was pupped in the shadows of the ten-twent-thirt, any revival of their blood and thunder draws me down front on the aisle. After witnessing "Hawkshaw, the Detective," recently, I fell to wondering why there has been no rediscovering of "Bertha." the Beautiful Cloak Model" or was it I never remember which was the cloak model and which the sewing machine girl, and Owen Davis does not list those classics in hit otherwise revealing paragraph in Who's Who. aaaa. Street begging in New York for the able-bodied moocher has touched an all-time low.

Mendicants are facing rebuffs as stlffling as a general strike. Charity organization propaganda that promiscuous alms giving defeats their endeavors is largely responsible for growing indifference. The panhandler who used to pick up 10 and ia a day finds it difficult now to garner cigaret change. Sport togs that offer little variety save In color have completely rubbed out the Summer dandy, a distinct tizzy type that shimmered with the beat waves. On Broadway it used to be the actor, enjoying the seasonal lay-off and in full pocket.

Kyrle Belie for instance, was the first to promenade in all white duck, red tie and ice cream sneakers. Raymond Hitchcock sported the first Panama with gaudy band, turned down In the back. George M. Cohan standardized the bamboo cane and the Roger brothers gave a sartorial perk with wide black silk girdles Instead of the custom try suspenders. And is any wearing apparel so hideous as suspenders a a a Birth of slang note "Chicken feed" as a term for small change was popularized.

If not coined, by Barnum, the showman. aaaa Writing rooms of big department stores have a dally quota of genteel and almost poverty utrkken widows flung at fate. They are mostly those who have an income so slim they can only occupy a high up ball-bedroom and subsist on a furtively cooked tin fsre. The writing rooms give the Old Lady lit opportunity to wstch other people and remember things about the other half of life without a feeling of intrusion. aaaa Circus clowns have become dregs on the amusement market.

The generation of youngsters, who, In the old days, thrilled to splotch-faced mimes today finds them tedious. The clowns in their bounding opulence were paid top salary of $40 a week and keep. The average was $30. Msrcellne, Silvers 'and Bluch never made more than $75. Today there are more clowns than Jcbs at $15 a week.

A clown boarding house on 10th Avenue Is now vaeant. It once had 50 patrons. aaaa Bsgatelles: Ollda Gray's country place near Lynnbrook Is now a funeral parlor. Bob Ripley is a sucker for every new-fangled trunk. Q.

K. Chesterton paid $1,800 recently for a Cairn. Sir Ernest Shackleton always liked to talk to cab drivers. John Ring-ling's financial losses in the past four years topped 100 millions. Duse wss poisoned by anything tasting of egg.

Midgets are the most incurable of cross-word puzzle addicts. Noel Coward is fascinated by big bridges. Lady Nancy Astor has not missed weekly church services In 21 years. Raquel Meller, whose violet song captured the world, Is opening an art shop in Paris. aaaa Is there an alienist in the house? I know a writing wretch who Just galloped into another loom of his apartment and Inquired: "What do they call that thing they used to rake leaves?" (Copyright, 1934, McNaught Syndicate.

Inc.) Letters To The Editor lease be brlet We resenre the right ti eat letters more tbsn 306 words long. HE. WANTS INFORMATION ABOUT THE COTTON TAX Headland, Aug. 23, 1934. Editor The Advertiser: Dear sir: It is generally understood in this section that the Bankhead Cotton Control Act taxes all cotton in excess of 10,460,000 bales not including cotton grown by governmental agencies nor long staple cotton.

Converssly we take it to mean that no cotton Is taxed by the Bank-head Act in 1935 under this limitation of bales, etc. This Is accepted to be true whether the cotton is grown in Oklahoma or Alabama, or whether the cotton Is grown in Henry County, Alabama or Walker County, Alabama, or whether the cotton Is grown by Bill Jones or Tom Brown. We also understand that the admlnstering of the Bankhead Act is committed to the AAA It is also thought that the AAA In administering this Act assumed that the total product tion of cotton would exceed the limitation of 1 10,460,000 bales and made its, allotments to the various States and the various counties in each State on this assumption. Now the Crop Reporting Bureau informs us that we are not expected to make more than 8,195,000 bales of cotton which is under the exemptions allowed by the Bankhead Act as free from taxation. And yet the program of "gin permits" with suggested residues of taxable cotton is being carried forward.

We would like for to answer in this column, if you can, whether or not cotton ir excess of a Henry County farmer's quota will be subject to tax even though the ultimate number of bales made In the United States In 1935 Is less than the 10,460,000 bales which are exempt. In other words which prevails; (1) the provisions of the Bankhead Cotton Control Act? or (2) the orders of the AAA? It seems to this writer that the general acre age reduction brought about by the Government rental program combined with Mother Nature has accomplished the intent and purpose of the Bankhead Cotton Control Act in keeping cotton production for 1935 under 460,000 bales and that the "ginning permit and the "tax" features of the bill are useless. and so far as taxing 1935 cotton Is concerned, the Bankhead Cotton Control Act Is without a field of operation. I will thank you for your comment. Headland, Ala.

J. J. ESPY, ICE TO THE ESKIMOS Voice, Over 'Phone "Are you the blankety blank-blank sales manager who sent that salesman to my office to sell me your blankety- Bales Manager "Yes, yes, but, my dear man, why?" Voice "Well, I gave orders to all of my staff to admit no one to my private office, and your man was so persistent that they were forced to get a gun" Sales Manager "My goodness, man, they didn't shoot him, did they?" Voice "Ne, but my bookkeeper wants his gun back." Niagara Falls Review. 6 tot all IU4 ii Saiara SI ai-atara 0 a a THE ASSOCIATED PRESS tu aaaaeta.taa' lraaa la ajeiuai) aatriia a ca. tor ra.afritcuaa a a lnrtN tL la aei twviM ia ta a- p-r l4 ajaaaa tacai aa aiit.a tarata SLbS'KHT10f IlIU' k4 Ml I I Tear tU Hoatha I aa 1IHIM Ctaa On Sara.1 Fraa Dalivarr Aawiaa ia A a UtL Mail.

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caaefca. ale aaoa aayaala la las AVEKTloE CuHM auKM.n am kELXT-SaUTH CO. rri ftaaraaaaialt-a CSa BnirL( Peat BudS- Cfclca-ffli Or AJO! Na Tarki Walarua B.Cf Baatea al Bir lo Giaa Bid, itiuu. 4ara atdiara b.C- trail Carraat adJttaaa af Taa afvartiaar air aa aaaa. la taa Aaadtas 1 1 at la.a ha Tarfc Paaua THE ADVERTISER TIXLTHOXES PrtnH Branch.

All Dpa.rLas!'j Cadsr-1200 1 to. to il pa. daily. pjn. and os Sundays, telephone: Circulation Department Men Depanmeut Cedar-4204 Want Ad Department Cedar-42S2 FAITH AND MEDICINE Devout persons should minister to thel oul and leave the nodical treatment of the body to physicians.

One the human body is afflicted with disease, the prsyers of the faithful should bo designed to give strength to the ministrations of physicians. Tho latter ahould not be driven from the bedside to make room for those who know no medicine but prayer otherwise the death rate will increase. When rattlesnake bites an evangelist by invitation good show follows, but the fact remains that the rattlesnake carries deadly poison in his mouth a poison which was made by the same God that made the human being into whoee flesh the poison is released. For what purpose the poison exists, we are not yet permitted to know. The Carolina evangelist nearly died.

This is fact to which he in his stupidity will attach ne importance. If faith is the thing that saved him, faith would have prevented injury and illness in the first instance. It is useless to argue with such a fool, but the fact is that his survival may be due to a number of factors entirely unrelated to his faith. It may be that the snake was ilL It may be that his poison sac eentained but a slight amount of venom; it may be that the bite on the arm was superficial and that the poison could not therefore circulate freely through the body. Certainly it is known that one the poison of a venomous reptile passes freely through the body that body will die, faith or no faith, unless competent medical care la given It distresses one to read that the fanatics of a sect in DeKalb County have abducted an eight-year-old boy to hide him from physicians who wished merely to treat him for an infection which they say may kill him if he is not treated.

The father of the child, cooperating with others of his sect, is hiding the patient from physicians and hoping to aave his child by means of prayer. Religious liberty is a precious principle which is recognized by the Constitution of the United States, and in the laws of all States; but manifestly society has a moral right to intervene when religious idiocy jeopardises human life in blind devotion to dogma which has no claim to dignity or sense. There are some things people know one 1s that deadljr microbes will kill, prayer or no prayer, if the right anti-date is not found and promptly applied. If a grown man wishes to let a rattlesnake bite him to prove a theory that il dear to him, that is one thing, but if the same type of man imposes his fill upon a helpless person a child, at that who is desperately ill, then the law has a right, as it has the duty, to intervene. STERILIZATION STARTLES FEW PEOPLE The German embassy at Washington for some reason best known to itself, has felt desirable to release for publication a defense of the German government's position on the question of sterilisation of the unfit.

In the current number of The Scientific American is what a presa release describee as a "temperate discussion" of what the Germans hope to do through the enforce ment of their new law with reference to sterilization. The writer of the statement, one Dr. Thomalla, naturally takes pains to point out' that Germany is not the first to adopt sterilization law. He says that 27 Ameri can States, and parts of Switzerland and Seandinavia, have enacted similar laws. The Scientific American's press release hints that "popular opinion" in this coun try is hostile to the German law whereas, so far as The Advertiser can see, popular opinion is either indifferent to the law or in favor of it Certainly there has been no outbreak of popular feeling against the German law.

The Germans are over-sensitive. There is no feeling against them because they have caught step with 27 American States and in that respect put themselves in ac-- cord with the best opinions of intelligent people everywhere. The Germans are to be congratulated upon their law, but not to be commlsserat-ed for the persecution that is Supposed to have been heaped upon them in consequence of their action. Nobody is abusing them about it. First thing you know, the papers will be talking up the polltax, business, and what a botheration that will be.

Now a jazs tune has been named for "Stars Fell What a miserable ex Istence this may yet become I Don't the song writers know that Alabama is not a privileged subject. Do they not know that Alabama is a sacred cow? --Ci1 1 -n ft jrr role system as we have it today has broken down. I have bad the experience myself, some years ago, of sending a big Montgomery crook to the penitentiary, and then to find myself before the weekend is out sitting behind him at a football game. And. as I recall, another convict while out on parole gave a big shooting party, birds, of course and had a swell turnout of the upper crust in attendance.

One of the worst crooks in Montgomery only recently received a 10-year sentence In the penitentiary and was out on parole, and gone, within 10 days. Another big Montgomery crook never even got behind the bars Just put on a nice white suit and took things easy around the Kilby dairy But finish reading what Commissioner Mul rooney said, I like bis way oT saying things," Interrupted the Major. Well, he goes on to say: Your criminal of today I mean the very hardened young criminalbelieves that the law of the land Is the dollar. If you talk with him he will tell you that if he can get sufficient money be can continue to commit crime, that he is going to oe abie, with money, to evade arrest, escape prosecution, and, if be is sent to prison, that his money will enable him possibly to get out sooner than be should get out and that he la going to get a little better treatment through naving money while be Is That is the way he looks upon conditions today." Making Heroes Out ef Criminals "Don't you think the -newspaper and the movies have something to do with the way a lot of criminals are looked upon as heroes by young ooys ano menr- asked the Major. "Yes, I think that's quite true," I replied.

"You see the total weekly attendance at the movie theaters in the country of children under 21 years is around 25,000. Investigations that have been carefully made show that of a sample of 110 Inmates of one prison, 49 per cent virtually declared that the movies stimulated them with a desire to carry a gun. Too many pictures show criminals as heroes. Prohibit the showing of this kind of picture and it would be better. Them, too, I think the nicknames given criminals by over-zealous reporters have a tendency to make great heroes' out of criminals and crooks.

For instance, such names as 'Machine Gun "Two Gun 'Gyp the and the like. As one student of criminology suggests, suppose you call them what they are, 'White Llvered Kelley', Oyp the Coward', or 'James the-shooter-ln-the-back' that'd take some of the romance out of it." What About the Juries? "But couldn't the Juries of the country help out some?" asked the Major. "Yes, they could, and they are, too." I replied. "I have no criticism of the jurors. They do the best they can do, ami do darned well.

I have no patience with those who try to lay the blame for the surging tide of crime at the door of the juries of the Nation. People who try to do that Just simply don't know what they are talking about. Most of the people who Indulge In criticism of the juries haven't had any experience with them to amount to any thing. I've seen them functioning, at first hand, too, for twenty consecutive years, In the United States Courts and in the State Courts, and I am firmly convinced that if the verdicts of the Juries of the land were permitted to stand, cases were not reversed for technicalities dug up by shrewd criminal lawyers, and the criminals were made to serve out the sentences put on them by the Juries and the courts of this nation, crime would be decreased 50 per cent in the United States. Of course, the Juries acquit a lot of people, and they ought to.

Many defendants are not guilty at all. Hundreds: of cases are so poorly worked up -and so poorly presented to juries, that there ought not to be any convictions. "But take the verdicts of the juries, year In and year out, and they are fair and just. Let these verdicts Let the murderers and the gunmen and the ubrglars serve the sentences put on them by Judges and Jurors, and you won't have so much crime. Give the good common-sense Juror in-the box a Put a case before him properly prepared.

Let the State's side of the case come from reputable and creditable witnesses. Let the prosecuting officer speak out, call a spade a spade, throw' out of the courthouse window forever the little petty technicalities conjured up by lawyers, give the judge back his old common law powers, let him guide the Inquiry past all sham and pretense to an ascertainment of the truth of the charge made, and soon you'll see the criminals of the land taking to cover. Denunciation of jurors and the jury system Is just a smokescreen to keep the people from seeing the real causes of erlme technicality in the cflurts, politics in law-enforcing bodies. Interminable delays, and Inefficient criminal laws and procedure." sad the Major, "aren't you about talked out? You've been going about 400 words a minute. "No, I'm not talked out have Just scratched the surface of the crime problem.

In about a week I'll be out to see you again and tell you some more "And I'll be glad to see you," said the Major, tIFE'S DARKEST MOMENT "Yes," said the old man, have had some terrible disappointments, but none stands out over the years like one that eame to me when I was boy." "When I was a boy I crawled under a tent to see the Circus, and I discovered it was a revival meeting." Wall Street Journal. Housa. Nevertheless there is not oiJy con siderable oppositioa to Mr. Byres, but Mr. Bankhead has a following in his own right As matters stand Mr.

Bankhead deserves to win over Byras; he ia a more effective leader than Byrns, he is more capable of preserving harmony among Democrat in the House and it ia Byrns who in 1SSC sacrificed McDuffie of Alabama for itain- ey, of Illinois, ia order that Byrns might win the position of floor leader. Byrns's sacrifice of McDuffie to the sec tional interests of the country ended in benefit only to Mr. Byrns. It contributed nothing to the glory of American statesmanship. It contributed nothing to the strength and dignity of the Democratic party in Congress.

As floor leader Mr. Byrns has achieved ne new laurels for him self and has performed no service to his party which anyone of 50 other Congressmen might not have performed as welL If this estimate of Mr. Byrns is trie and his colleagues will know better than The Advertiser whether it ia true and just then the case against him is sufficiently complete to warrant the challenge which William B. Bankhead has thrown at him. The Advertiser is glad that Mr.

Bank- head haa announced his candidacy, for it believes that he has a good enough chance to beat Byrns to warrant the effort The outcome of the Speakership fight, as Byron Price, of the Associated Press recently said, is yet unsettled. As matters stand it is anybody's fight, with Byrns naturally having some advantage in the preliminary skirmish. Let all Alabama rally to Bankhead's sup port and give him the utmost strength that can come from the of a united home people. Mr. Bankhead would make an exceptional Speaker, he deserves to win, and Alabama is for him all the way! DOROTHY AND GERMANY Dorothy Thompson, the wife of Sinclair Lewis, is a realistic, clear-headed Ameri can writer, who has just been decorated by Chancellor Hitler, of Germany.

She has been "invited" to pack her silken pret ties and depart from the land where there are no longer any intellectual problems, now that Hitler is able to answer all questions that any reasonable person could ask about the destiny of the human race. Not only is it complimentary to Miss Thompson that she should have been regarded as of sufficient weight to be expelled from a land in which song dies note by note, but in the circumstances, it may prove beneficial to her. This Fall Miss Thompson will make a lecture tour of the country, a tour which will bring her to Montgomery in the Winter. Her subject here as elsewhere will be Germany. Her recent unpleasant experience will no doubt lend piquancy to her lecture and interest to what she may have to say.

COMMANDER M'CORD The Birmingham News, pleased at the election of Judge Leon McCord as national commander of the United Spanish-American War veterans, says: "At their reunion in Pittsburgh the Veterans of '98 chose Judge McCord as their leader by acclama tion. That circumstance, together with the fact that this is the first time a South erner haa been chosen to the office, makes the election of this beloved Alabamian all the more gratifying to the people of his State. Hearty congratulations to Judge McCord on the honor-that haseome-to him." SCRUBS FOR PUREBREDS The Selma Times-Journal knows a good idea and a good bargain when it sees them. Says Lord Raiford't paper: "It was a happy idea which was sponsored by the Dallas County Farm Bureau to secure an exchange of home-raised beef cattle for the purebred stock which has been shipped into the county from the drouth-stricken areas of the West, and use the native stock for slaughtering, instead of the emaciated animals shipped here, and now on our ranges. The exchange certainly will have the effect of building up our local herds and substituting better grades of livestock on our pastures.

The Government will likewise be the gainer because cattle already fattened will be killed to supply the canning plants." INGENUITY IN SUMERIA FIVE THOUSAND YEARS AGO Archeologists and goldsmiths can learn something from the ancient Sumerlana who Inhabited Ur famous Biblical city known as "Ur of the Chaldees." At least knowledge of arch construction and the method of building domes was known to these ancient peoples; and at least one example of their gold work, of which a copy was desired for the British Museum, could not be duplicated by modern goldsmiths. This Is brought out in an interesting discussion of excavations archeologists had made on this site which appears in the current issue of Scientific American. How civilization began at ancient TJr something like 8000 years ago and prospered there for thousands of years has been told by the leader of the Anglo-American expedition ot archeologists who have done the excavating. Digging through an eleven-foot layer of silt left by Noah's flood these archeologists found not only arches and domes constructed by the Sumeiians and very fine gold work, but also bricks COOO years old and made of concrete. Discoveries on this one site, therefore, have rendered Inaccurate textbooks which gave the Romans credit for the Invention of the arch and dome and which place the first use of concrete at a much later date.

It is Interesting to note here that to the Romans the Sumerians were more anoient than the Romans are to us. Including the eleven feet of silt mentioned above, the archeologists excavated downward through a total ot 20 feet of accumulated debris of civilization. They found eight cities In stratified layers, each built upon the decay of the preceding one. These Ur' excavations far outlived the more showy revelations of Tutankhamen's Tomb, for they take modern man back toward the beginnings of his civilization which may, after all, have occurred In Mesopotamia rather than Egypt as has been thought for many years. New York is no longer dumping its garbage at sea.

The Jersey bather now has no way of knowing when the watermelon season has opened In Manhattan. Detroit News. CRIMINALS PICKNICKING GKOUNDS When I went down the country Monday night to see my good and valued old friend, the Major, I found him greatly stirred up. He was holding an afternoon paper in his hand, and tefore he even greeted me, be turned and said: "Well, have you read about the Paramount Theater holdup in Montgomery Monday-morning?" "Yes, I have," I answered, "and it's on: of the boldest and most shocking 1 have heard about In quite awhile." "Looks like the criminals don't fear the law at all doesn't it." Que ried the Major. JUDGE JONES "It not only looks that way, ICz.zr, ba.

it's really that way," I answered regretfully. "The average criminal today has but Utile fear of the law and its He has a right healthy respect for Uncle Sam because he knows our Uncle will spend the cost of a battleship to get the forger of a one dollar bill. And the criminal has a pratty good respect lor ins law enforcing departments of a few of our States." 'But, what about the rest of the country? Inquired the Major. Criminals Enjoy Themselves "The criminals, murderers, gun-man, rack eteers, bootleggers, and burglars do like they please In the rest of the country. They know that with few exceptions some of our most im portant criminal laws are so poorly drawn that they can always find a loophole in thsm witn the aid of a shrewd criminal lawyer," I said.

Well, do you think the menaca of crime has attained the gigantic proportions that a great many speakers claim?" "Yes, I certainly do. Major, and I have thought that for years and years and have stated it time and again from the bench. When a congressional committee Investigated the so- called rackets at Washington a few months ago, some of the ablest and best posted men in the country told the various committees that the crime situation in this country is so sen ous that It approaches a major crisis in our history, a crisis, said Major H. G. Shociley, that will determine whether the Nation will belong, to the normal citizens or wnetner it is to be surrendered completely to gangster rule.

Col. James Moss told one of the committees, and I think his figures are very conservative, that a thousand Americans are murdered every month right here in the United Statu. Thousand Murdered Each Month That's about 33. a day, one every 45 mln utes day and n.ght, year In and year out. He not only told them that.

Major, but he pro duced dependable statistics to show that yearly 100,000 law-abiding citizens axe assaulted and beaten by gangsters and robbers; that every year 50,000 peaceful citizens are being held up and robbed, 40,000 homes are bsing burglarised, 5,000 homes are set on fire by lncendiarists And I have been told," Interrupted the Ma jor, "that according to population, nine times as many people are murdered in the United States as in England, and twice as many people are murdered in the United States as in Italy, I wonder if that's true?" "Yes, It is. Major, and there are some other statistics that show that America Is just a great big plcknicklng ground for all sorts of criminals. Staggering Cast of Crime And what do you think crime costs In the United States, Major?" I asked, and paused. "Well, son, I'm just afraid that I don't know large enough figures to express my idea," he laughingly replied. "How much?" "According to an estlmat: made a short while ago by The Manufacturer's Record crime costs us 12 to 18 billion dollars a year.

That's too conservative a figure, I think. I believe It runs nearer twice that-30 billions anyhow. Where Do Criminals Come From "Well, where do most of our criminals come from?" ssked the Major. "Unfortunately from the youth of our country. It Is a regrettable but true saying that 'Youth is the age of I imagine that the average age of persons accused of crime runs under 25 years.

For Instance in New York 50 per cent of all the males arrested for felony were not over 19 years old. "Here's a little clipping that shows what one experienced law enforcing officer says, Commissioner Edward P. Mulrooney: The average young criminal today has adopted crime as a career. He is very candid and tells you that. Ha doesn't want to work, and he wants money, and he Is going to obtain that money by direct action, and, if necessary Is going to kill.

He never evidences any remorse after he has committed the most' brutal crime. When you send him to prison you feed him, and you clothe him, and you entertain him, and he is not con vinced when he goes there that he is going to remain there any great length of time. Pardons and Paroles "W.ll, Commissioner Mulrooney is certainly right there," exclaimed the Major as he came down on his thigh with a gigantic slap. I see where you convict a man up in your court, and he is hardly In the penitentiary before I read a few days later where he has been paroled. What's the use of holding criminal court and convicting crooks anyhow?" the old gentleman asked.

"Wsll, it does look like the pardon and pa If" i i I r- I 1 nJA, ftr-i--..