The Yorkshire Herald and the York Herald from York, North Yorkshire, England • 3

THE YORK HERALD MONDAY, JULY 6, 1874. WHAT IS ADULTERATION J)LMJ charming occupation, THE CATS LOVE OF HOME. It is true that in general the cat is fonder of places than of Deonle. lie hen cAA hnma THE TROUBADOURS. The Troubadour looked up to his mistress with deep respect in her presence he felt timid, and hesitated to speak to her of his feelings.

Thus, LfEUTENANT CAMERON'S EXPEDITION. The following is an extract from a letter which has been received in that city from a brother of Lieutenant Cameron, of the Livingstone expedition. We have very good news from my brother. we have letters dated February 25 and 28, at Ujiji, on Lake Tanganyika, where he had arrived after a long and dangerous march. He had found Livingstone's map and papers and intended to send them with some of his own men down to the coast at an early opportunity.

He had already taken several observations, and appears to have determined the much-vexed question of the attitude of the lake, about above the sea. He had engaged a large canoe, with 14 oars, and intended to explore thoroughly this great inland sea. This has never yet been done, and will settle once for all as to whether this is the source of the Congo or the Nile. He seems, poor fellow, to have suffered from a bad leg, and to have been two or three times on the verge of recurrent fever; but he writes very cheerily about himself, and was full of pluck and energy. We have also heard, strangely enough, within the last few days, that Colonel Gordon, who has succeeded Sir S.

Baker, has had tidings of my brother being in his canoe on the Lake Tanganyika. If Gordon presses southward and my brother northward the Nile problem may be solved. THE EXCAVATIONS AT DURHAM CATHEDRAL. The explorations mentioned in our last as having been commenced on the site once occupied by the Chapter House of the Cathedral, but now laid out as part of the Deneary garden, were continued during the past week with important and interesting results. As previously stated, three slabs had been found bearing the names of Bishops Ralph Flambard, Galfrid Rufus, and llliam de St.

Barbara. These slabs, apparently, had been displaced from their original positions, as they did not cover graves. Since then three graves have been discovered lying a little to the west of the slabs bearing the names of the above prelates, but it cannot be said with certainty which was the burial place of each. The probability, is, however, that the one farthest to the north, the earliest, is that of Bishop Ralph Flambard, the middle one being that of Galfrid Rufus, and the tomb to the south being that of William de St. Barbara.

The firslnamed grave was made of several stones, with six stones forming the cover. The remains of the bishop were found interred apparently in some of the episcopal robes, among which the chasuble and stole appeared, but in a very decayed state. They were made of plain silk. On the right hand was the episcopal ring, of massive gold, set with a dark-coloured sapphire. On the right side lay the remains of his episcopal staff, the tip of which, a spike of iron, reached down to the feet, whilst the crook end lay close to the head.

The head of the staff was of iron, covered with some white metallic substance, the nature of which has not been made out. Upon the white metal were patterns in dark coloured liiiis. Between the spike and the crook were the remains of the wood shaft This body had, to a certain extent, been disturbed at the head, probably when the new wall at the end of the Chapter House was built. The next grave, that of Galfrid Rufus, was formed out of one block of stone and appeared to have been enlarged at the upper part subsequent to its first formation to admit a larger body than it was originally intended for. There was no cover upon this grave, and the body had gone almost entirely to decay.

The episcopal ring was found upon the right side, occupying the position where the hand would have been. The ring was of a still more massive description than that discovered in Bishop Flambard's tomb, and set with a large and beautiful pale-coloured sapphire. From the remains of gold thread which were abundantly found throughout the whole of the grave, it was evident the body of the prelate, at the time of interment, had been vested in very rich robes, the third errave, containing the remains of Bishnr. Ac Kfc Barbara, was, like that of Bishop Rufus, made out ui uuc uiuua ui stuue, ana mere was no cover. The body was in a moderate degree of preservation.

The episcopal ring, of gold, set with an oval shaped sapphire, was on the right hand. The iron spike of the pastoral staff was found near the feet, but no other remains of that insignia was discovered. There were some remains of gold thread found, indicating vestments of some degree of richness. In each of the graves the heads pointing westwards had been placed in recesses formed in the coffins. In addition to the explorations mentioned above, the apsidal termination of the Chapter House has been much more fully exposed than it had been previous to our last notice, the remains of one of the buttresses having been brought to light.

Two steps leading up to the episcopal chair, which occupied the centre ofhe apse at the east end, have been discovered. It is intended, we understand, to clear out the whole of the area of tne lUtimately be deposited in the Dean and Chapter Library, old Chapter House. Durham Chronicle. DESTRUCTIVE FIRE IN LIVERPOOL 10,000 DAMAGES. A fire of an alarming character broke out in one of the warehouses in Ilawkshaw-street, off Victoria-road, near Sandhills, owned by Messrs.

Slater, Cussons, and Brassington, of Brunswick-street, Liverpool, on Friday afternoon. The warehouses are three in number, but built in one gigantic block, which is flanked to the north by Errington-street, to the east by Hawkshaw-street, and to the west by the Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway. The buildings, which are known as Lewis and warehouses, are about 60 feet high, about 50 feet deep, and are divided into five stories. To the front, on the opposite side of Hawkshaw-street, there is a wide open space a disused brickfield and the block is bounded to the north by a similar space, thus affording free access for the wind, which it unfortunately happened on Friday afternoon was very high. In one of these fields 862 was on duty about twenty minutes to five when he observed flames issuing from the third storey of warehouse 972, which forms the northern portion of the block.

He instantly proceeded to Athol-street Station, and there gave the alarm. Information was at once telegraphed to the Central Station at Hatton-garden and other places in the neighbourhood, and the steam and other fire-engines were despatched to the spot. By the time they arrived, the fire had made great progress, for, favoured by the wind, which at that time was almost blowing a gale, it was rushing from the windows and apertures of the building, and spreading to a distance on all sides. Fourteen branches were brought to bear on the burning building, and the most strenuous efforts were made to suppress the conflagration. It was apparent from the first that there was no hope of saving either the stores or the warehouse in which the fire had originated, and the attention and exertions of the firemen were directed to prevent the flames from spreading to the adjoining warehouse.

The building was throughout well stored, and that portion in which the conflagration occurred contained in the cellar a large quantity of bacon on the first floor cotton on the second a considerable quantity of wheat in bulk and on the third, fourth, and fifth floors cotton, of which there were in all about 1,400 bales. Notwithstanding all efforts the roof of the adjoining warehouse caught fire. The biulding was stored with cotton, and some damage was done to the property. The contents of No. 972 warehouse were, as may be expected, nearly all destroyed or rendered almost wholly valueless, and the damage is roughly estimated at from 10,000 to 1 5,000.

Fortunately, beyond the comparatively inconsiderable damage we have referred to, the adjoining warehouses and its stores were uninjured, the fire being otherwise confined to the northern portion of the block. To illustrate the rapidity and intensity with which the fire burned and spread, we may mention that in less than an hour after its outbreak the roof of the warehouse and the floors gave way. The owners of the property stored in the bured warehouses are Messrs. Ralli Brothers (cotton), Mr. C.

P. Maddock (wheat), Messrs. Sechiari Brothers (cotton), Messrs. Ellis and Hargraves, Messrs. Bamford Brothers, and the London Bank of Commerce (bacon.

The neighbourhood abounds in extensive warehouses, stored with valuable property, and the consequences may be imagined if the fire had baffled the efforts that were made to keep it under. Its origin is at present unknown, but it may be stated that there were some men engaged in the warehouse at its outbreak who were completely unaware of the fire having broken out until the alarm was raised. We are informed that both building and stock are insured. Liverpool Albion. RESULTS OF THE CRUSADES.

But as the motives which led to the crusades "were complex, so their results were complex also. We must not forget that by rolling back the tide of Mahomedan conquest from Constantinople for upwards of four centuries they probably saved Europe from horrors the recital of which might even now make our ears tingle that by weakening the resources and the power of the barons they strengthened the authority of the kings acting in alliance with the citizens of the great towns that this alliance broke up the feudal system, gradually abolished serfdom, and substituted the authority of a common law for the arbitrary will of chiefs who for real or supposed affronts rushed to the arbitrament of private war. Worthless in themselves, and wholly useless as means for founding any permanent dominion in Palestine or elsewhere, these enterprises have affected the commonwealths of Europe in ways of which the promoters never dreamed. They left a wider gulf between tjhe Greek and the Latin Churches, between the subjects of the Eastern empire and the nations of Western Europe but by the mere fact of throwing East and West together they led gradually to that interchange of thought and that awakening of the human intellect to which we owe all that distinguishes our modern civilisation from the religious and political systems of the middle ages. The Crusades.

By George W. Cox, M.A. THE BUILDING SOCIETIES BILL. We take the following article from the Build-iny Societies and Laic Companies' Gazette for the present month Last month we left the Bill in the critical position of having been re-eomuiitted for the introduction of certain amendments required by Government, but of the precise nature of which it was impossible to obtain distinct information and of being thus exposed to the further danger of a flood of amendments, which, if not prejudicial in any other way, involved great risk of the loss of the Bill by mere delay. Of the latter class, the amendments of which Mr.

Waddy had given notice, were satisfactorily dealt with by private arrangement, while the graver difficulty involved in the Government propositions was grappled with in a conference held on May 30, between the Government, as represented by Sir Stafford Northoote, Chancellor of the Exchequer, Mr. Cross, Home Secretary, and Mr. WT. Smith, and the promoters of the Bill. It then appeared, as we had ventured to foreshadow in our last issue, that the Government had been advised to insist upon the doctrine of liability, as developed in Joint Stock Companies, so far as to attach liability to withdrawing shareholders for a period of twelve months after the cessation of their to require the use of the word limited" as an adjunct to the name of the society upon every official announcement or document; to limit the interest of every shareholder in a Building Society to a sum not exceeding two hundred pounds and to sweep away all exemptions from stamp duties heretofore enjoyed under the existing law, including those upon transfers and receipts, the loss of which would involve practical difficulties in working of far greater consequence than the more money value, of the exemption.

It is needless to inform our readers that such provisions would have been absolutely fatal to the vast majority of Building Societies and it says much both for the tact and energy of the promoters of the Bill, and for the candid spirit in which their representations were met on the part of Government, that, after a long discussion, every one of these obnoxious requirements was withdrawn, with the single exception of that relating to the stamp duty upon mortgages, in relation to which the Government were firm in their determination to put an end to an exemption which was considered to be at variance with the spirit of modern legislation, and no longer necessary to the well-being of Building Societies themselves. Although the evidence given before the Royal Commission had revealed considerable difference of opinion as to the importance of this exemption, and some Building Societies had even declined to avail themselves of it, the re-appearance of the Bill with alterations that involved its abandonment naturally aroused alarm in some quarters, and called forth the protest which appears in our correspondence from Mr. Steedman, whose perseverance in calling attention to the doubtful expression in the clause relating to the discharge of mortgages from local registries has, we are glad to perceive, been crowned with complete success. In the House of Commons the maintenance of the present partial exemption was bravely contended for, even to Jthe peril of the Bill itself, by Mr. Dodds, the member for Stockton, who, on June 1 1 after putting the case of the societies very forcibly, and being answered very firmly, though in a very friendly manner, by the Chancellor of the Exchequer, divided the House upon the matter, with the result of obtaining only fourteen votes iu favour of continuing the exemption, against forty-six in support of the Government clause for removing it.

Upon this, Mr. Gourley intimated a desire to see the Bill withdrawn rather than carried in the only form (in this respect), to which the Government would assent but Mr. McCnllagh Torrens, though he had voted with Mr. Dodds for the retention of the exemption pleaded, in a spirit which we believe will command all but universal approval, that in the face of so decided an expression of opinion against the continuance of the. exception, it would be folly to throw away the result of so much labour, and to abandon so many solid advantages as the Bill would secure, for the sake of what he designated a few months' protracted tenure of an immunity that they could not permanently keep." Mr.

Dodds, nevertheless, with that true British pluck which can never own to being defeated, gave notice that he should again divide the House on the matter, at a future stage of the proceedings on the Bill and accordingly, on June 16, after a discussion raised by Mr. Anderson, member for Glasgow, upon a motion for postponement, on which he was defeated on a division by ninety-seven against twenty-two, the indomitable member for Stockton again, in the face of unmistakable expressions of impatience from the House, pleaded the cause of exemption, was again answered by the Chancellor of the Exchequer, and again divided the House upon the point, with the result of fourteen votes in favour of his amendment, against eighty-six in favour of the withdrawal of the exemption. Whatever may be felt as to the wisdom of pushing so far a question upon which the whole Bill might have suffered shipwreck, all must admit that Mr. Dodds deserves the warm thanks of the Building Society interest for the brave fight which he has made for the maintenance of what many, unquestionably, deem to be a very important privilege, although we think very few, if any. would be inclined to regard it as worthy of comp iu with those valuable features of the Bill i led Mr.

Torrens, in the speech reported elsewhere as delivered at a meeting of the Institute Building Society, to designate it as an immense charter of safety for the industrious portion of the Outbreak op Pleuro-Pncemosia near Redcar. TwoheifersBuffering from this disease, one on the farm of Mr. Peter Wallace, and the other on the farm of Mrs. Bennison, West Chatham, near Redcar, were on Thursday destroyed. At Hammersmith Police-court, London, 1 nomas Connor, a cowkeeper, has been summoned for selling, as unadultered, a quantity of milk, which proved to be adulterated.

Mr. Jones clerk of the Fulham Board of Works, attended in support of the summons, and applied for permission to amend it. He wished the word pure" to be inserted in the place of adulterated." Mr. Ingram said the alteration was not necessary as the summons had been made out in the usual form. Mr.

Church, the inspector appointed under the Act, said that on the 8th ult. he purchased a pint of milk at the defendant's shop, for which he paid 2d. He took the milk to Mr Burge, the analyst, who gave him a certificate. Mx. Ingram read the certificate and wished for the analyst to be examined.

Mr. Burge said that on examining the sample he found nearly all the cream extracted from it. In answer to a question put by the magistrate, Mr. Burge said he could not discover any foreign matter mixed with the milk. He relied on the Act of 1860, which referred to every person who shall sell as pure and unadulterated any article of food or drink which is adulterated or not pure." This Act was incorporated with the Act of 1873.

He considered the milk was an adulterated article, though he had not issued his certificate to that effect. Mr. Ingram inquired the meaning of the word "adulterated." Was it anything, he asked, but an alteration by addition? He referred to some dictionaries as to the meaning of the words pure and unadulterated," and said he did not think it was a case of adulteration within the meaning of the Act of Parliament. The extraction of a valuable quality was not, in his opinion, adulteration. Mr.

Stainforth, who defended, referred the magistrate to the section in the Act of 1872, which used the word every person who shall wilfully admix." Mr. Ingram thought there must be a mixture of some matter with the article of food to prove a case of adulteration. Mr. Burge said the magistrate's decision would tend to improve the Act that was forthcoming. MANIFESTO BY THE COMTE DE CHAMBORD.

The Comte de Chambord has issued the following manifesto to the French people FfiENCKMJEN, For the salvation of the country you have required that temporary solutions should be essayed, and you seem on the eve of plunging into new hazards. Each of the resolutions that have occurred during the last eight years has been a striking demonstration of the Monarchical temperament of the country. France has need of Royalty, and my birth has made me your king. I should be wanting in the most sacred of my duties if, at this solemn moment, I did not make a supreme effort to overthrow the barriers of prejudice which still separates me from you. I know all the accusations brought against my policy, attitude, words, and acts.

There is nothing not even my silence, that has not served as a pretext for incessant recriminations. If I have remained silent for many long months, it is because I did not wish to add to the difficulties of the mission of the illustrious soldier whose sword protects you but now, in the presence of so many accumulated errors, so many falsehoods circulated, so many honest men deceived, silence is no longer permissible. Honour imposes upon me an energetic protestation. In declaring in October last that I was ready to renew again with you the chain of our rebuild the si aken edifices of our national greatness, with the concurrence of all sincerely devoted men, without distinction of rank, origin, or party; in affirming that I retracted nothing of the declarations incessantly reiterated by me for the last thirty years in official and private documents which are in the hands of all, I relied on the proverbial intelligence of our race, and the clearness of our language. Persons have preteaded to understand that I placed Royal power above laws, and that I dreamt of I know not what Governmental combinations based upon arbitrary ideas and absolutism.

No. The French Christian Monarchy is in its very essence a limited Monarchy, which borrows nothing from those governments of fortune which promise a golden age and lead to an abyss. This limited Monarchy admits of the existence of two chambers, one nominated by the sovereign from certain defined categories, and the ther by the nation in accordance with the mode of suffrage settled by law. Where can a place be found therein for absolution The day when you and I are able to treat together, face to face, of the interests of France you will learn how the union of the people and the king enabled the French monarchy to frustrate for so many centuries the calculations of those who only contended against the King in order to domineer over the people. It is not true that my policy is at variance with the aspirations of the country.

I desire a strong and reparative power France wishes for it not less than I her interests lead her in that direction, and her instinct demands it. Real and durable alliances are sought every one knows that the traditional Monarchy can alone give them. I wish to find in the representatives of the nation vigilant auxiliaries for the examination of the questions submitted to their control but I will not have those barren parliamentary struggles from which the sovereign too often issues powerlessand weakened and I reject the formula of foreign importation, repudiated by all our national traditions, with its king who reigns but does not govern. I feel myself there again in perfect harmouy with the immense majority who understand none of these fictions, are tired of these falsehoods. A Frenchman, I am ready now as before.

The House of France is sincerely and loyally reconciled, rally confidently behind it. Let there be a truce to our divisions, that we may think only of the misfortunes of our country. Has she not suffered enough It is not time to restore to her, with her venerable royalty, prosperity, security, dignity, and grandeur, and with this long train of benefits those fruitful liberties which you will never obtain without it. The task is a laborious one, but with God's help we should be able to accomplish it. Let each, in his own conscience, weigh the responsibilities of the present and the stern judgments of history.

(Signed) Henhy. The greater part of Saturday's papers in commenting upon the Paris manifesto, remark that he omits to mention the question of the flag, the most important of all. The Republique Fran-caise says the doctrines of the Count de Chambord have not changed, and his manifesto is quite contrary to the object he has in view. The Rappel praises the Count's frankness, and considers that he has definitively abdicated. The Paris Journal, the Constitutionnel, and the Steele regard the manifesto as a seditious document, and as a proclamation directly attacking the present Government.

The Constitutionnel demands the prosecution of the Union for publishing it. The Soleil, an Orleanist and Right Centre organ, publishes the document without comment. The Figaro abstains from comment because the manifesto says nothing about the White Flag. The Journal des Debats observes simply that the Count de Chambord is evidently inflexible on the flag question. Consequently the check suffered by the Legitimist party last October is renewed, and the present manifesto renders the impossibility of a restoration definitive and Irremediable.

"uoncermiig Count de Chambord's manifesto, the Times says it is one prompted by the exigencies of the present emergency, and containing a positive bid for power. Had it been published two years ago or last autumn, the prospects of a Bourbon Monarchy would now be much brighter. The Standard says that Count de Chambord's manifesto comes too late. It will excite much attention, but will have little effect. The Telegraqh says practically the address, beyond admitting the French Monarchy not absolute, makes no definite concessions, and does not even mention the flag.

Its ultra paternal tone is certain to jar on the nerves of all parties not legitimist. lt was a gy the first. English emi- diamond aj sorts of unnecessary useu 1 i- found little for complaint. ct juforrs, 'nt wei shaded by trees is luxury To dwell sumJner. Only the mono "never-changing mutton, though it touous nennv a pound, and the utter JJarth' of vegetables gave cause to grumble.

rXnial born did not see any inconvenience here, of course, having no other experience. Diamonds were tolerably abundant amongst the shingle. He rbo had not in memory the amazing jewel-pita of New Rush would say that they were more tolerably abundant. It is thought that about three hundred thousand pounds worth was turned out from the river diggings during these years, 86l and 1870. There were not more than two thousand diggers in the camps, though I am quite willing to believe that the population amounted to ten thoxisand or more.

The average, therefore, wotdd be one hundred and fifty pounds per man a much larger sum in Cape Colony than here perhaps three times as large, certainly twice. In the healthiest climate of the world, in work uot too exhausting, in scenes lovelier than they had dreamt of, all were making money, some fortunes. For the sportsman, there were ante-loes of a dozen species, feeding within gunshot of his tent porcupines, ant-bears, rattels, jackals, hyenas, all burrowing around him panthers not too far off, ostriches within a few hours' ride. To the fisherman, bull-heads of one hundred pounds weight, called barba, give ample amusement. The digger with an interest in any uatural science could purstie it in a new country, where his observations were sure to have value, and nine in ten made money while they thus amused themselves.

It might have been predicted from the well-known "contrariness of things," that this condition would not last. Temple, her. RUSSIAN HORSES. corresiondeut at St. Petersburg says, writing on the 23rd of June An interesting report on the supply of horses for military service in Russia has fust been issued by a committee of the general staff appointed to consider the subject.

It is commonly supposed that Russia has an ample stock of horses, and that the numler which would be required, in the event of a mobilisation of the army altout could be obtained bv conscription without causing any material inconvenience to the country. This, says the report, is far from leing the case. The total number of horses in the empire that are fit for service is about 1 1 ,000.000. Of these one at least is required on the average by each family for agriciUtural purposes. This would make a total of 10,800,000.

so that there would only be about 200JXK) left for the ordinary road and street traffic and for employment in the army. Thus, notwithstanding the Large studs kept in various parts of the empire, Russia actually possesses fewer horses in proportion to ber population than the other European States. Her population, too, is so scattered, and the distances are so great, that more horses are reqmred for conveying people and goods from one place to another than elsewhere and the great extent of her territory, which is used for the production of corn, renders it necessary to employ a very large nnmber of horses in agricultural operations, the use of machinery in the fields being as yet only in its infancy. The Russian farmer requires three times as many horses as the Austrian or the German this is also partly due to defective training, which deteriorates the breed. The committee, therefore, recommends that the district authorities should be furnished with ample instructions in regard to the employment and selections of horses for the army, so as to diminish as much as possible the injury caused by the withdrawal of horses from agricultural labour." riLATU Pilatus is one of the most interesting mountains in these parts it is easy of access from Lucerne, and is not difficult of ascent, except just at the last.

The name of the mountain has been the subject of much dispute, some alleging that it is merely a corruption of the I-Atin pileatus? capped, in allusion to the clouds which generally surround its summit. It lias been, and is to this day, the weather guide to all this part, and the popular saying runs thus If Pilatus wears his cap, serene will be the day If his collar he puts on, then mount the rugged way; But if his gword he wields, then stay at home, I say." Others aver that the name is derived from Pontius Pilate, the governor of Judea, who, when he had committed the terrible sin which makes his name a reproach, filled with remorse fled from Judea, and took refuge in the fastnesses of this melancholy mountain there the wild crags and dark precipices wei-e his lonely resorts upon these gloomy scenes his gloomy mind dwelt for many years xintil at last, unable to bear his remorse, a id fiDed with despair, he tried to put out the fire which raged in his breast by committing suicide in a lake near the summit of the mountain. But his spirit continued to haunt the place, and when travellers have gone up those dismal heights, they have seen him come up from the waters and slowly and solemnly go through the ceremony of washing his hands. Then the tempest howled, the Infernal Lake heaved, dark clouds and heavy mists gathered round the mountaiiWj head, and a storm or hurri-cane always follov jd. And so, as the spirit showed such evideut dislike to being disturbed, severe penalties were inflicted by the magistrates of Lucerne upon any one who might dare to visit the haunted place.

Such is the tradition, over which rivers of ink have been spilt. Cook's Switzerland. NAPOLEON Till: THIRD'S BOYHOOD. I was sitting on an autumn day, looking out from a room under Prince Louis's windows, cooling my thirst with a famous bunch of the Fontainebleau grapes that are still tenderly cultivated in the Arenenberg conservatories, when I entered into conversation with Fritz Rickenbach, the servant of Queen Hortense, who remained at Arenenberg from the time of its purchase till after the Queen's death, when he became valet de place to Prince Louis, and was discharged only after the Prince was a prisoner at Ham. I remember Prince Louis from his early boyhood," he said.

"lie was about my age. After the Queen bought the chateau I was employed as a boy, to carry earth in a hod for this plateau the garden under the salon windows). I tilted the earth out of the hod over my shoulders. This used to amuse Prince Louis and once or twice, when I was about to cast rav load, he pushed me so that 1 rolled over with it. After one heavy tumble.

I cried, and this brought the Prince to me at once, with that kindness he always had for us. 'Affimuh? he called to me in a caressing tone, 4 and I will fetch you a good lump of You may imagine that my tears were soon dried when he came running out of the house with it. Another day it was years after I saw him having a talk from his window with some poor man who had strayed in from the high road. Presently, for I watched, I saw him quietly drop a pair of boots out to the man, and afterwards a waistcoat. He was always like that." Another informant on the spot described to me the Prince returning home one afternoon on horseback in his shirt sleeves he had given his coat to a man in rags whom he had met on the highway.

Tlie Lite of Xapoleon TIL By Blanchard Jerrold. Excise Duties. Mr. Robert Willis, of East Sheen, was summoned to the Wadsworth Police-court for non-payment of duties. It was stated that on the 27th of May an officer called on he defend-Wt, and found that he had not paid for keeping two Jrvant8, two carriages, three horses, and for armorial barings.

He had since paid for them; but the officer aid that had he seen defendant, when he had previously called he would have been summoned for penalties amounting to 85 instead of 5. The defendant was fined in the latter amount. Guy of zes says Into my heart, if love were weak. But little fear woidd come; They feel not who unfaltering speak The deepest love is dumb. Of her to others 'tis my pride To breathe the willing song But love o'erwhelius me by her side, And checks my trembling tongue." The Troubadours, it is true, are fond of exaggerating both their woe and their joy, and the depth of their feelings cannot always be measured by the enthusiasm of their language.

Yet, besides a great number of poems which were composed only to serve as a tribute to the then reigning fashion of gallantry, we find poems of such earnestness, that we cannot doubt the truth of the sentiments they express, e.g. the fine poem which Pons de Capdueil, after the loss of his mistress, wrote to the memory of "her who never proved false," and in which he renounced love for And he made good his wards. From that time the pleasures of this world had no more attraction for him he took the cross ami went to the Holy Land, where he died as a brave soldier in the service of his Lord and Saviour. It would be easy to give many more similar quotations Yet I content myself with citing the words of a poetess, Clara of Anduse Neither he who blames my love for you, nor he who forbids me to love you, is able to change ray heart. There is no one, however I may hate him, whose friend I should not desire to become if he speaks well of you but he who speaks badly of you, could in his whole life nithr av m.r An anything that would be agreeable to me." Such wurua cannot nave Deen written Tor the sake of form only; they seem to me to be the most natural, and therefore loveliest, expression of a woman who well knows the depth of her feelings, which nothing in the world is able to change.

Essays and Addresses. THE RUN DOWN OF THE STEAMSHIP EARS. LOSS OF 260 LIVES. Further particulars to those we have recently given respecting the loss of the Kars are furnished by the Levant Herald. The Azizieh Company's steamer Kara, Captain Constanti, which left Constantinople on Friday afternoon, with passengers and merchandise for Saloniea, was run into and sunk shortly after midnight in the Sea of Marmora by the incoming Egyptian steamer Behera, Captain Leva.

The sinking of the vessel has bean attended with the loss of fully 260 lives. The Kars had about 300 passengers and crew on board, and of these only 37 are known to be saved. Captain Constanti Cephalia and all the officers of the sunken vessel perished. The Egyptian steamer Behera, Captain Antouio Leva was on its way from Alexandria to the Bosphorous, when, at about one o'clock on Saturday, while some two miles oq the other side of the island of Marmora, the look-out observed the light of an outward-bound vessel bearing down upon the Peliera. Captain Leva at once took measures to avoid a collision, but the Kars is represented to have been manteuvred so unskillfully as to have been placed athwart the bows of the Behera, and although the latter's engines were reversed, a collision became inevitable the Kars was cut into amidships as if by a gigantic hatchet, and sunk in ten niinutes.

The Kars was a large old steamer, and the Behera one of the finest iron steamers of the Khedive mail fieet. The Egyptian vessel disengaged herself speedily from the sinking Kars, and sent boats to pick up a number of people who were floating about on barrels, spars, and such Hke. A few also reached the Behera in one of the Kars' boats and in all 37 of the passengers of the ill-fated vessel were saved. The chimney of the Kars was knocked down by the force of the collision, and, in falling, killed the chief officer the engines, too, kept in motion until the vessel sank, and this rendered the attempts to save life more ditficult. The moon had gone down, but the sea was calm.

The books of the Azizieh Company shows that 152 passengers took tickets at" the office, but some say that an equal number, others say much less, others many more, came on board at the last moment, and paid their passage money on board. Amongst these were a number of women there are known also to have been 15 to 16 children on board; and the crew and stokers of the vessels numbered about 40. What is certain is that of all on board not quite 40 survived. The passengers were nearly all deck passengers, consisting for the most part part of Rou-meliote day labourers, Turks and Greeks, who after working in Constantinople during the winter, were returning to their homes for the harvest also some Greek and Russian pilgrims on their way to Mount Athos, and some small dealers, traders, and sarafs, bound for Saloniea, Volo, Larrisa, and other places. The only male first-class passenger was a Turkish major proceeding with hia family to enter upon the duties of a military appointment he had received at Solonica, Nearly all the women perished.

The Kars had a considerable sum in money-groups on board, and these and her merchandise were insured in the Lyons and Gironde companies for an aggregate sum of about sterling.) The Behera herself sustained some damage by the collision. The collision took place at one in the morning, when most of the passengers were asleep, and the Kars went down in ten minutes. The saved consisted of 18 of the crew (the third officer, the first engineer, 3 stokers, and 13 sailors), as also 19 passengers. Four of these were Turkish officers, of whom there were 15 on board, and one Turkish woman, who lost her reason on learning that her husljand and two children were amongst the drowned. Captain Constanti, the Commander of the Kars a Cepha-loniote frreek, might, it is said, have saved himself, but he deemed it a point of honour to stick by his vessel to the last, while there was a hope of saving any on board, and he went down with her.

Thirty Turkish ladies, comprising the harem and entire female household of Mnstapha Assym Pasha, the governor-general of Janiua, were amongst the passengers, and all perished with the exception of a slave girl who was found clinging to a spar. This is the second vessel of the name of Kars which the Azizieh Company has lost at sea. The first Kars foundered several years ago between Rhodes and Alexandria in onseqnence of springing a leak, and on that occasion one hund ed lives were lost. An official inquiry into the circumstances of the disaster was commenced yesterday at the Admiralty, and the evidence of a number of witnesses was heard. The sunken vessel was formerly the property of the late Prince Ilhami Pasha of Egypt, when she was well-known under Captain Newbold's command as the Baroness Tecco, so called in compliment to the wife of the then IHedmonteae Minister to the Porte.

Lord Francis Harvey will on the second reading of the Public Werahip Regulation BUI; move, that it is inexpedient to proceed further with a measure which does not deal in a comprehensive manner with the law relating to prosecutions of Clerks in Holy Orders for offenoes against the laws ecclesiastical. Several other notices of opposition to the Bill are already on the paper Tttn Conservatives An the Press. A Londen correspondent writes: Th Conservatives at the banquet of Wednesday managed thinga in. their own genial, pleasant, rand agreeable maniter so far as the reporters were concerned. The reporters sent to the Conference were- received by a gentleman who looked more like an inuriated porcupine than aught besides and refused such as were not Conservatives admittance.

They did sot mind admitting London, daily papera, but Liberalism in the shape of a count rr i 4 w- paper mey ueapioeu, uu wj ue convinced to the contrary, although the kindliest of words increased with them. The bare idea of a provincial Liberal attending this meeting seemed so utterly preposterous to them that they oould hardly find words in which to rebut the offenders. In the ead the reporter being thus rjeeted, the business of 'the dav because he knows it thoroughly because he has investigated its every mouse-hole and studied the advantages of its every retreat from dogs and other enemies because he, a weak animal, feels sure that he can there feed and protect himself. Moreover, his bump of locality is prodigious as is shown by the ease with which he finds his way back to the familiar spot, though carried blindfold a long distance from it. A friend of mine transported a cat several times five miles from home, and dismissed it into the wide liberty of earth' only to find ft at his house when he returned, or afterward.

A Flemish peasant, says Chamfleury, offered to bet that his cat Would get home from a distance of eight leagues sooner than twelve pigeons which should be let loose with him. The wager was accepted, and the animal won it. Another story of Chamfleury's concerns the favourite grimalkin of a village curate, who was made rector iA a little city five leagues from his former parish. Besides the cat, the priest's family consisted of an old servant and a crow. Tommy was something of a thief; the crow had a passion for pecking at his quadruped companion the granny scolded them both, and the rector interested himself in these small quarrels.

The day after the removal, to the great grief of priest, granny, and crow, the cat disappeared; A few days Later he was found caterwauling around the old parsonage, was seized and earried back to the rectory. A second flight the successor of the curate was kept awake by the nightly lamentations of the animal another forcible restitution, pussy bei-? now in a frightful state of leanness. The old housekeeper tried to win him by kindness, fed him luxuriously, and le't the pantry open so that he oould indulge his propensity for small stealings. All useless once more the ancient parish resounded with his eater-waulings; there was danger that wrathful peasants might blow him out of the world with sacrilegious fowling-pieces. But the affection of the housekeeper followed him, and she persuaded a masculine friend to undertake his reformation The cat was caught once more, popped into a sack, and dipped in a puddle, after which he was carried to the rectory dripping wet and in a state of indignation which can be imagined.

The remedy was effectual, and here ended his escapades. Cats are made uneasy by changes in their domicile. When I lately had a door opened between two rooms in my house, my two pussies surveyed the operations of the carpenters with evident anxiety and distrust, frequently coming up to me with a look with seemed to say, Do you know what these men are about The door finished, they examined it from one side walked around the chimney and examined it from the other side peered through, drew back, looked aloft, smelledr investigated in every fashion all this before venturing to make use of the new passage. If there is a packing of trunks, a jparation for removal or for a journey, these animals are equally disturbed. In short, they are silver gray Conservatives.

Atlantic Monthly. THE SYRIAN SPONGE FISHERIES. Some interesting information respecting the Syrian Sponge fisheries is given by Vice-Consul ago (Beyrout) in his commercial report of 1873, just issued. The total value of the sponges fished on the coast of Syria is from 20,000 to 25,000. The production is, however, falling off through excessive fishing, and the consequent exhaustion of the fishery grounds.

About 250 or 300 boats are at present employed in this industry on the coast of Syria, manned by about 1,500 men. The centres of production at Tripoli, Kuad, Lattakia, and Batroun on the coast of Lebanon. The best qualities are found in the neighbourhood of Tripoli and Batroun but the boats visit all parts of the coast, from Mount Carmel in the south to Alexandretta in the north. The majority of the boats used are ordinary fishing boats, three parts decked over, and carrying one mast with an ordinary lug-sail. They are from 18 ft.

to 30 ft. in length, and are manned by a crew of four or five men, one of whom is specially engaged for the purpose of hauling, while the rest are divers. In some cases the men own their own boats, but generally they are hired for the season, which extends from June to the middle of October. No wages are paid the remuneratiou consists in an enual share of the produce of the fishing. The profits of a good diver reach as high as 40 a season.

Diving is practised from a very early age up to forty years, beyond which few are able to continue the pursuit. It does not appear, however, that the practice has any tendency to shorten life, although as the diver approaches forty he is less able to compete with his younger and more vigorous brother. The time during which a Syrian diver can remain under water depends, of course, on his age and training. Sixty seconds is reckoned good work, but there are rare instances of men who are able to stay below eighty seconds. The men on the coast, however, make extraordinary statements as to the length of time their best hands are able to remain under water, and gravely assert that eight and ten minutes are not impossibilities.

The manner of diving is as follows The diver naked of course with an open net around his waist for the receptacle of his prizes, seizes with both hands an oblong white stone, to which is attached a rope, and plunges overboard. On arriving at the bottom the stone is deposited at his feet, and keeping hold of the rope with one hand, the diver grasps and tears off the sponges within reach, which he deposits in his net. He then, by a series of jerks to the rope, gives the signal to those above, and is drawn up. No knife, spear, or instrument of any kind is used. The Syrian diver, unlike his Greek competitor, never using the diving-dress, having an antipathy to it on the score of its alleged tendency to produce paralysis of the limbs.

Two or three fatal accidents annually occur, mainly among the skilful and daring. The diver will quit his hold of the rope, and wander some distance to secure a prize, and on returning to regain the rope will miss the spot, and be unable to find it. He then attempts to rise unassisted, and, being ignorant of the exact direction, often strikes out diagonally, and is drowned before he can reach the surface. Other accidents again happen from jagged or pointed rocks, which besides sometime wounding the diver often entangle his rope, and thus in great depths expose him to the risk of drowning. The depths to which the diver descends varies from five to thirty brasses," each equal to an ordinary man's height Below the extreme limit mentioned no good sponges are found.

In former years the Syrian coast was much frequented by Greek divers from the islands of the Archipelago. Their number is now restricted to five or six boats annually, the skill of the Syrian combined with his superior knowledge of the fishing grounds enabling him to compete successfully with his foreign opponent. Although they vary much in quality and size sponges may be generally classified as The fine white bell-shaped sponge, known as the a toilet sponge 2. The large reddish variety known as sponge de Venise," or bath sponges 3. The coarse red sponge used for household purposes and cleaning.

Twcthirds of the produce of the Syrian coast are purchased by the native merchants, who send it to Europe for 3ale, while the remainder is purchased on the spot by French agents, who annually visit Syria for the purpose. France takes the bulk of the finest qualities, while the reddish and common sponges are sent to Germany and England. The revenue derived by Government from this industry is a tenth of the value of the produce calculated upon the prices pai 1 to the finders by the traders, and which is pai rl in case-by the former to the tax-farmer on the uclusio of his sale. Pull Mall Gazette. Massacre or the Ixnoces.

Parents valuing kbelr children's safety will avoid soething medicines containing opium, so frequently fatal to infants, and will onlv Stedmaa's Teething Powder," whieh are the sales and best, being free from opinio. Prepared by a surgeon (not a cheKxist) formerly attached to a Children's Hospital, whose name, "Stedman," has but one in it. Trade mark, a Gum Lancet. Refuse all others. Also MaterfamiHas PBK.

a. tasteless and efficient substitute for Castor Oil. Jrioe JO. per box. Depot Sast Road Has ton, London,.