The Progress-Index from Petersburg, Virginia • Page 12

11 Program-Index Petersburg-Colonial Heights, Wednesday, July 20, 1960 Backyard Chefs Restore importance oi Charcoal WASHINGTON Charcoal fires will glow in more than outdoor grills in United States this summer, bringing new life to an ancient fueJ. The aroma of-broiling steaks wafted from a large brick fireplace or a portable metal brazier has become a familiar part of the warm-weather scene. In fact, backyard chefs are given a large yhare of credit for the small boom in charcoal since the end of World War II. Production has steadily increased until it now amounts to some 300,000 tons a year. Alr.iost two- thirds of the output is sold as Werry ef FALSE TEETH Slipping or Irritating? Don't be embarrassed by loose false teeth slipping, dropping or wobbling when you eat, talk or laugh.

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pillow-shaped briquets, destined or home grills, picnic grounds, railroad dining cars, and the countless restaurrnts that offer 'Char-coal-Broiled Steaks." Be- 'ore the war, briquets accounted for only about a sixth of charcoal sales. Almost pure carbon, charcoal is an excellent fuel. It produces nearly twice the heat of an equal volume of wood, burning with a sale blue flame at high tempera- It glows at lower tempera- Charcoal is made by heating wood in an enclosed space where there is a limited amount of air. The wood glows but does burst into flame. Sometimes the wood is heated for more than two weeks.

The kilns are watched night and day. A killed charcoal burner can gauge the condition of the wood by running his hands through the escaping smoke to determine whether the heat is wet or dry. Primitive man made carcoal simply by setting wood on fire and spreading earth on the logs. A small amount of charcpa! still is made in sod-covered pits. Charcoal has been used to smelt metals from ores for at least 6,000 years.

European smelting and glassmaking industries concentrated near forests, resulting in destruction of woodlands. Charcoal burners had so decimated the forests of Great Britain by 1664 that diarist John Evelyn lamented: "Truly, the waste and destruction of our woods has been uuniversal." In colonial America, howevef. charcoal burners were wlecomed by landowners with vast wooded tracts to be cleared for crops. Woodlands of northwestern Pennsylvania and the Catskill Mountains of New York once were important centers of charcoal production. Pennsylvania's charcoal helped father the state's enormous steel industry.

Improved kilns allow burners to distill chemicals from escaping gases. Some of the most important are methane (woodal- cohol), acetic acid, and furfural, a solvent used in refining motor-oil. When coke was introduced for smelting, charcoal began to decline in importance. Coal, gas, and electricity replaced charcoal for heating and cooking. Development of synthetics and petroleum carbon chemicals in recent years has reduced the demand for wood chemicals.

Charcoal still is found in such roducts as air conditioning filers, poultry feeds, pencil points, rake Hnings, and black jeans. It cures tobacco, filters vater, and controls the gas con- ent and flavor of beer. Charcoal now is used principal- as a domestic fuel. This has created the sometimes nerve- razzling problem of lighting the Driquels. One retailer estimates that more than 100 companies make fluids and gadgets to help ignite charcoal.

Fight Opens On Gypsy Moth are-used merely to- determine the presence of gypsy moths. Once a motH is trapped in a given area, then the surrounding woodlands will be sprayed with an insecticide. One-half of all automobiles the United States concentrated in just eight states: Illinois, Michigan, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania and Texas. HUSKIEST GAS-SAVING ENGINE OF ALL THE COMPACTS! See Chat. Save Compare TED CURRY INC.

19 N. Union Petersburg, Va. LITTLE MOON OF MOORE STOW N--What is that space-age shape disturbing the bucolic serenity of this Moorestown, farm? Surely not a giant squash. No, it's an RCA prototype radomp, which, is a 15-story-higjx sphere enclosing the mechanisms which track missiles. Museum To Preserve Old The United States Army Air Corps made its first independent raids over enemy lines on April 8, 1918.

University Park, Pa. (UPD -The U. S. Department of Agriculture is setting 10,000 traps this summer over an mile area in central and eastern Pennsylvania. Department agents are trying to round-up the gypsy moth, a devastating insect that can turn hardwood forests into a shambles.

Phillip M. Schroeder, the area )est control supervisor, heads the trapping expedition, which is being conducted in co-operation with i Pennsylvania State University's and the Pennsylvania Department 'of Agriculture. The moth traps beig used in the program are, in themselves, unique. They are hollow metal cylinders which have fly paper lining. Eight inches long and four inches in diameter, the traps are not exterminating devices, but STtEEt- iiiimiium U'HK VAN? Serfass Is Named To Commission RICHMOND (AP) Gov.

Almond has named R. K. Serfass of Staunton to membership on the new State Capital Outlay Commission. Serfass replaces C. CV Cloe of Triangle, unable to serve because of poor health.

its organizational July 26. First cofee trees were grown in ACCOUNT SAVINGS AMERICAN TRUST COMPANY A DEPOSIT I A CORP. HARLOW-HARDY Power Mower Special! Nationally Famous MOTO MOWER SANTA FE, N. M. (UP1) --Modern Navajo medicine men wishing to brush up on their sand painting technique often travel 200 miles east of the reservation to view a collection of paintings made by a while woman.

The paintings are housed in the Museum of Navajo Ceremonial Art, an eight-sided earthen building outside Santa Fe. The two-story structure is considered a holy building as well as a museum. It is sometimes called the Navajo house of prayer or mecca. Built in the shape of an Indian hogan, it contains the most complete record of Navajo sand paintings, chants, myths, legends and rites in (he world. It is a monument to a England woman, Mary a Wheelwright, a descendant of the Boston Cabots, and a medicine man, Hasteen Klah, one of the Navajo's most noted religiou; leaders.

"The as the Navajos call themselves, have a saying that when the last sand painting has been forgotten, the last Nava commission will hold wiu disappear from the earth Forty years ago, Klah saw his people drifting from their tradi lions and hoped that some way would be found to preserve their elaborate rituals. Without an organized priesthood, church or written language, medicine men had orally passed the secrets of the religiqtis rites from generation generation for hundreds' of years. It is important that every mark on the eight-foot paintings and every word of the myths and chants be untiianged or, the Indians believe, the ceremony will bring evil instead of good. Some of the ceremonies are nine-days long. Also the Navajos believe it is dangerous to draw or photograph an acutual painting when it is completed.

Klah was trying to weave them into rugs when he met Miss Wheelwright. She came to New Mexico in the early 1920's on vacations. On a pack trip to the Navajo country, she met Klah through a trader, whose wife had been making water color sketches of sand paintings from memory. When Miss Wheelwright expressed a desire to make a record oC the religion, Klah accepted here plans. She memorized and drew some 400 sand paintings before her death in 1958 and collected healing chants, writing hundreds of the songs in longhand.

Others contributed to the collection. The museum-shrine now contains more than 1,500 reproductions of sand paintings; 2,000 recordings of chants; 300 unpublished manuscripts of myths, legends and riles and 12 color films of ceremonies, none of which can be exhibited commercially. Klah dedicated the museum in 1937 and died later that same year at 70. He is buried near the east entrance. Most of the 85,000 Navajos re- their basic traditional be- iefs, based on harmony with na- They visit the museum from Slew Mexico, Arizona and Utah.

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