The New York Age from New York, New York • Page 12

Page Twelve (He tm Ace ASCRIPTION HATES IT MAIL PAIS ONk. YSAI IX MONTHS LIS IHRIC MONTHS INGLE COPY CANADA tO Oil VXAR FOREIGN COUNT JIES ONI YEAR flaurtd ttct Cbu Matur, Stfteabtr tl, ISIS, at fast OSes at Ntw Yerk Uadtr Act e( March PnMitkad aad Priittd By. THE FRED ft. MOORE CORPORATION Ofcct el Publicatira. 210 Wnt Uitk Item 1ELEPHONE8: KDtccemba 4 M4H lattrttatt Uancd Nwspasrt.

lac, Matioaal Adtrtiia ftttmtautlvaa. S4S Filth AvtatM, Ntw Vera Addrtia all BittM and nail all chtcka aad areaap erdin MMbla to THE NEW YORK AGE VOL. 55. No. 27.

SATURDY, NOVEMBER 30. 1940 Notice To All Subscribers. Date of expiration of your subscript ton is stamped on your address wrapper each week. This is for the purpose ol giving you constant notice of the date your subscription expires. Postal Reg ulations Require Payment in Advance ot All Subscriptions.

JOHN L. LEWIS yyHILE VVJi HAVU, not always agreed with the policies of John L. Lewis as head of the Congress of Industrial Organizations, we regret his passing from the scene as head of thi organization because of his outspoken attitude with respect to Negro labor. Mr. Lewis is the one labor leader in the United Slates who has championed the cause of fair play for the Negro in organized labor and he has fought incessantly to break up discrimination in the local unions of hisorganizaton.

hether his resignation as head of the.C. 1. U. will result in unity and peace in organized labor is problematic this is nevertheless the hope of ail who would like to see labor hold the gains it has made during the past ten years; We feel that these gains have been due much to the leadership of Mr. Lewis as to any single individual.

And at no time has his stature as a statesman in the field of labor been larger than on the eve of his retirement. Lambasting of the poll aax sys tcin of the South was generally applauded. If William Green and the leaders of the A. F. of L.

and Railway and the Brotherhoods had the same broad minded attitude as Mr. Lewis, the lot of the Negro in organized labor would be much easier. Negro workers owe a debt of gratitude to John L. Lewis for his tight against discrimination in organized labor and because of race and color a debt that we cannot soon repay. Labor needs more men of the type of John L.

Lewis. 1 THE SOUTHS LARGEST WEEKLY JHE NORFLOK JOURNAL and GUIDE, under the able' leadership of P. B. Young celebrated its fortieth anniversary last week with a special edition of 40 pages. Normally this newspaper publishes 20 pages and covers Virginia and North Carolina in the matter of news.

It also has a large number of readers in other sections of the country, who originally came from these states, and boasts of ociiig the. Souths largest weekly. Nothing belter illustrates the improved relations between the races of the South than tiic prosperity of such newspapers as the Journal and Guide. On the front page of the Anniversary Edition is a letter from Governor Price of Virginia to Editor Young commending the policies of the paper and ex tending his personal congratulations There was a time when white people cen facilities at Tuskegee Institute for the train ing of Negro air pilots in the U. S.

Army. 6. Continued and increased federal aid to Negro Land Grant 7. A $10,000,000 federal appropriation in 1941 to assure Negroes of professional training at Howard University and Freedman's Hospital as doctors, dentists, nurses lawyers, engineers, technicians and business experts. 8.

Immediate calling, by the War Department of Negro reserve officers to be placed in command of the four Negro regiments of the regular. U. S. Army and the newly formed emergency defense 9. Enlistment without reservation of Negroes in the Army, Navy and Air Corps', and a Negro civilian aide to the Secretary' ot the Navy with similar duties as the aide "to the Secretary of War.

10. The National Negro Council, the United Government Employees and affiliated educational and church organizations pledge a $100,000 fund to support this legislative and executive program in 1941 Mr. Brown will be remembered as the apologist for Stephen Early, press secretary at the White House, for his attack on Patrolman Sloan of the New York Police Department. His demands on the government are on par with his action in the Sloan case. He seems to think thateconomic problems can be solved by legislation, a fallacy among New Dealers.

With increased appropriations for national defense, we fail to understand how anyone can see the government appropriating so unprecedented a sum as live billion dollars for relief in .1941. The government has already spent billions for this purpose without solving the unemployment problem. As for the demands for a square deal in the Army and Navy, these demands could have done the good during the recent campaign at a time wiien Mr. Brown an' his followers were painting a picture of the'New Deal as ideal from4he Negro's jwint of vic v. Let the National Negro Council firs', raise the $100,000 has already pledged and the will more criously the organization's claim of representing 12,000,000 Negroes.

What the Negro heeds is not more organizations making foolish demands on the government to spend money in our behalf but more cooperation with existing organizations and more working together to help ourselves. If the problems of the Negro are to be solved, they will be solved by Negroes themeslvcs and not by paternalistic aid frtom the government. A STEP IN THE RIGHT DIRECTION HE AGE EDITOR is in receipt of a com munication from Hon. James S. Mead junior Senator from New York, in which he states that; "Photographs have been required by the U.

S. Civil Service Commission solely for the purpose of preventing impersonation and fraud in examinations, and the Commission is convinced that such impersonations and frauds can best be de 1 tected by the use of finger prints For the reason stated the Commission will take steps immediately to abolish the use of photographs in connection with civil service examinations." While we do not agree that "photographs have been required by the Commission solely for the purpose of preventing impersonation and fraud" we do feel that the substitution of the fingerprint system will do much to counteract the tendency toward discrimination in the federal civil service. In far too erally, and especially white politicians were i cas" Negroes have been eliminated hostile to Nigro newspapers. Now they examinations after submitting their pho realize that thee papers fill a definite and we can hope that the new useful place in the leadership and guidance ruling the 'vil Commissioners ot their peopte. While the Journal and Guide has been outspoken in its criticism of jim crowism and injustice, it has also sought to be constructive and conservative, and a a result enjoys the goodwill of a large following.

We congratulate Editor Young and his staff on passing its fortieth milestone and wish for them many more years of useful service. FOOLISH DEMANDS JHE NATIONAL NEGRO COUNCIL ts the name of another "paper" organization set np by Edgar G. Brown, president of the United Government Employees Association and a New Deal appointee. On November 17 a convention of the National Negro Council was held at Shiloh Baptist Church in Washington at which the following demands were made on the government in behalf of Negro citizens: 1. Appointment by the I'resident of a Negro as one of the six secretaries at the White House, and the appointment of a Negro to the next vacancy on the U.

S. Supreme Couit Bench. 2. Passage of legislation by Congress to compel private industry and labor unions to lift the color ban against the employment of Negroes in public projecst and defense industries. 3.

Authorization of a five billion dollar relief and work construction appropriation by Congress in 1941 in order to put every able lodid unemployed man and woman to work, regardless of race creed or color. 4. Protection of all citizens in their Civil Rights regardless of race, creed or color. 5. Appropriation of to provide may jcrve to improve the chances of Negro applicants in the federal civil service.

TRAINING FOR NATIONAL DEFENSE QELOW IS A MEMORANDUM from Dr. THE NEW YORK AGE Across3E)esk Congress Revolts! By LUDLOW W. WKXVSX meat ft ef the preaumably faithful Democrat stayed away tram the Haute aa that they would not be present cast their votes either to eaibarraaa the Administration or themselves. It may be too early to hazard! a guess ot what the new Congress will do with the precedent shattering Third Term when President Roosevelt takes his oath' of office again on January 1, 1941. If this revolt is an indication it.

presages no easy time for the Admin is 1 tration. I doubt seriously the Congressmen wUl this coming year allow themselvea to gibber stamps. And it's a healthy thing, too. I for one, do not believe in any man On Tiesday of Uat week the Congress 'of BOOK REVIEW THE COBBECT TH1NU, Te gay, To Do, To Wear," by thar lotte Hawkins Broun: published by the author, Bedalla, N. C.

As a book ot etiquette gr. Charlotte Hawkins Brown has written a complete treatise on the subject. Simply stated and clearly defined it may be of value to many young persons as a handbook on coereet behaviour. It is written, no doubt, eut et her experiences and contacti with the students at her school cannot "probe the causes of the Negroes failure" or success without questioning a cross section of the enure' community. U'k fc.

uuw vi.ij pit wmj timm wx dews la bia own atyta some of the United Stale staged revolt ag'but; Administration leaden by voting Itt 141 against sine die adjourn 1 or any party becoming so powerful that the minority is completely disregarded or held up to. public scorn and "ridicule. And I am lure, too, that the Third New Deal having analyzed the recent election statistics has found some interesting facts. Despite President Roosevelt's enormous Electoral College 'majority, measured in terms of popular votes, this was the closest election since 1916, when Wilson and, Hughes were thf standard bearers. With a total vote of close to fifty the President's plurality was Under five million.

Wendell L. Will kie received the largest vote ever given a Republi Wetaet President Roosevelt's percentage of the total vote was about 54.5 per cent which is a comparatively slim margin inasmuch as he needed 52 per cent to win. because of the excessively heavy majorities the Democratic ticket' always' rolls up in the South. The 22 million votes that Hi. Winkle received are not to be forgotten and certainly will net be lightly regarded by the Democratic board ot strategy.

While' the BepubUeaoa lost seats in the House and made small gains in the Senate, the probability is that some of the eld tin. Democrats, will align themselvea with the Republicans In opposition, te. the Now Deal Democrats. the Democrats who formed orgunbatlona and campaigned for Wendell L. Wlltkle continue those organisation aad campaigned for Wendell L.

effect on the Democratic Ugfc Jcommand. lest other Deasocrata join these Insurgent ranks in opposition te the New Deal' i a The election just passed, was a healthy event because made more people conscious ot their elective franchise than ever before. Issues were debated more vehemently arid more intelligently: by more people than ever before, too. Jne pre election promises' will be trotted out time and again during the coming session 'of Congress and an effort made to carry them out. I hope that Tuesday's revolt in Congress is the beginning of a new era in history with, our Congressmen in deadly earnest in their legislative efforts, and deliberations.

Wne An FrVnr? Wllhlna, columnist of the Amsterdam II 11 All UrUl. 1 jewv aad assistant secretary of the National Association for the Advancement of JColored People, did some strange reasoning recently in hia "Watchtower" column of Nav. IS. Discussing the election and the, complaint ot a Brooklyn reader who wrote: "Think of it our oik being bought for, a ham or a food ticket. What can we do?" Mr.

Wilkins replied: "My answer is that the present situation is not ideal, but I am glad Negroes have progressed to the point where they will' vote for hams and food tickets and relief jobs' instead; of a slug ot bad whiskey and $2 as they have done in the past (and are still doing in some places). "The Republicans got off to a good start with the really courageous speech of Mr. Willkie at Chicago. September, 13.... One major error, it seemed to me, was the emphasis on Jobs as against relief.

This is a hlghsounding philosophy ad may have gone down pretty well with whites who have some chance, of getUng Jobs in But to tell Negroes, many hundreds of of, whom are here only because of relief, that the main objective of the party was to get them jobs instead of relief, was jkjo psychojpgy." Poor psychology might ieor. psychology an the part of Mr. Wilkins to continue to glorify rMief father than deplore it. of ua will admit that relief Is sbeolutely necessary and ssseUUSl to prevent people from starving. But, to continue to glorify relief and make of it the ultimate goal rather the temporary meaaure ta mighty poor psychology whether It comes from a columnist or a day laborer.

Of course if one so far removed from the people aa to be unable to observe the effects of uef. then there Is eueuse far the philosophy or psychology aa gives byv Mr. Wilkins. There is a rising generation young people, who were unthought of during the prosperous times and forgotten during the depression. Should they be doomed to an unproductive, life' merely because we have so many of our leaders who regard relief aa the lit Commandment? If the Negro is to got out.

of the obvious rut which he has fallen, be first will have to change his leaders or the philosophising of his Columnist Wilkins can do the race a greater service by fighting for advancement along aU lines rather than accepting relief as something ordained of Cod and thus not to, be criticized. 1 the personalities psrts of ijarlem and has shown some of its varied sections this reader does not feel that he has presented a clear picture of us as a whole. G.WJt.; LETTERS TO THEEDitOR We're Voted Thanks Each chapter deals with a phase. Editor. The New York.

Age: of etiquette outlined for easy At a meeting of the officers of reading and absorbtion. As rfg the Welfare Equity. Aasociation re Robert Weaver, assistant to the. dvisory 1 ulations for students with which held in its 'offices at 203 Commission to the Council of National Defense: The policy of the Advisory Commission has been definitely stated at equality of opportunity in defense training for all groups. In addition the supplementary appropriations bill states that no person shall be discriminated against on account of color, and further, that funds may be used to sec that training is provided in those states where separate schools are maintained." In New York City this defense training program has already been put into effect.

The program calls for free training in selected trades and pre employment refresher courses for those unable to find work at their trade. These coures are available to any citizen from 18 to 65 years of age and include: Aviation mechanics, automobile mechanics electrical tardes, machine shop prac pattern making, radio communication, welding, woodworking trade mathematics, drawing and blue print reading, also bont building, loftmanhip and pipe bending. Negroes in New York are urged to lake advantage of this opportunity. Training centers mr be' by inquiry State Employment Agencies or at a public school. Apnrkation blanks will be Minnlied upon request.

ih. author la in riaiW contact this Went 115th atreet. a motion was book wjll be especially valuable' passed to write you a letter of but in some instances there are thanks for your kindnesa in cov parts which would not apply to ering the public meetings the As the ordinary rank and file Negro holds every Tuesday at boy and girl. I Its meeting hall 69 West 133rd The book may be obtained from The New York Age tor $1 00 plus 10 cents postage. 'HARLEM: Negro Metropolis," by, Claude McKay: E.

I. DutUn New York. Claude McKay, author of "Harlem: Negro Metropolis," has written what started. to be a survey of Negro life. The street The news items you have been so' kind to.

carry are much appreciated by our members and those who arc in sympathy with our movement to assist the "unfor tunate. Wodriire you to know that at our meeting this week, and at those in the future, announcement will be made that The York Age carries articles about the As as far as it goes, is well written, aociation, and it will be advised Interesting rdmg and a partial that the members read it every picture of life In that section. week exclusively to keep inform To white people it may be giv ed of our progress. ing new information or clarifying You might be Interested to know some of that of which they have that we have received scores of beard. Also they will acclaim it letters from inmates of penal, in because it is written by a man solutions, in many parts of the who has done other good work in country, stating that they read of the literary field.

our activities through The Age; After reading the book' any Ne many of them, we find possible to gro who has lived In Harlem or help, therefore the good that they had any great contact with it will nay receive, though directly from know that the author only coo ua. will, necessarily have to be sldered a part of the aactioa of credited to you for the' publilcty which he is writing. Actually thc( you gave. books is a aeries of thumbnail Ttanking you. and hoping that sketches of tome few individuals, you will count this organization and some few types of businesses among your ardent supporters.

carried on in the area. On man WELFARE EQUITY ASS. Samuel Richardson. New York City. Pres.

FOB Htwi while U's ews, read TIM New Yerfe Age every week. 1:45 r. M. COMMITTEE A 'Y A TEACBEKv Members of the radio audience and I hope you are parents', and taxpayers as well as 'teachers. public education In New" York State is under an' attack which should give, conpern to all.

who feel that (hf free public school is one of America outstanding qon struggle and sacrifice. 5. The. opening of the member ship, lists will introduce into America the very totalitarian method, and spirit which the committee proposes to. Nothing is more characteristic of totalitarianism than the of free trade union movement through government' inter vention and control.

Is pre Saturday, UtrcmOer jto, 1 1 i i i tANDK NOBLE FREE TALK OVEB STATION WVD great gains which organized labor high as 80. WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER acheived through a century of sion of library THE COVDEBT AND THE I 1 1 in Di.a. We want the exten. service to the rur al areas so that the farm boy may have access to fine litcature. In short we want the country boy of North Dakota have an equal chance with the city boy of New York; the Negro boy of Missis sippi to have the same' opportune ity as the white boy of California.

As a Negro, bitter because, of the discriminations my race suffers lis this so called democratic country, I am that the Negro 1 uiuuuohb hi ouvm; piyi i else me cuure uwuwea i.i KprurM oualiW on basic element in oui democrat sia. IU1y and Germany. If would jJMje res to JM way of life. be tragic, if a legislative commit hi In every way the school is a public Institution: its support comes from public funds; its stu dents and teachers are gathered from all classes of society; its purpose and program are designed, to promote: the public welfare." It is therefore the right of the public to examine often and carefully this system to determine whether it is serving the 'purposes. for which It was created.

Such an inquiry, though, must be as open and public In its aims and meth ods as the school system. This is not the case, however. ment regarding the demand for the membership "The Execuuve Council of the! American Federation of Teachers is vigorously opposed tq the action of the Joint Committee of the New York Legislature in' demanding the membership lists of Local In opposing this action, the Council offers to Local 5 the resources of the national body. The Council takes this step, not because it has the' slightest sympathy with the teaching of un democrauc. doctrines in the public school jnor because it desires to' protect any totalitarian political faction in the Teachers Union of New York City.

Its position on this question Is clear and unequivocal. It believes strongly that the public school should meet the threat of dictatorship in the world today by a vigorous and sustained teaching of loyalty to basic democratic ideas and processes. Also it is unalterably opposed to the penetration into any branch of the American FederaUon of Teachers of a Communist, Nazi. Fascist or other political faction. On this platform the present Council was elected at the August Convention in Buffalo.

The Council opposes the opening of the membership lists of Local 3 for the following reasons: 1. The opening of the membership lists can serve no' useful It certainly will not disclose the names of Communist. Fascist and Nazi teachers in the public schools. 2. The opening of the membership lists will embarrass, intimidate and penalize many teachers who are thoroughly competent in their fields of specialization and completely devoted to American ideals.

This will' inevitably impair their effectiveness as teachers of democracy. 1 The opening of the membership lists will tend to discredit the principle that teachers should organize in defense of their rights and the Interests of public education. It will tend to deny them the full rights of citizenship This will also impair, their effectivefveas as teachers of democracy. 1 The opening of the memberships lists will establish a danger us precedent which may be used to weaken and eventually to destroy the free trade union move ment fas America. The opening ef the wmberahip lists of a teaefe era union could easily lead to tne opening, of the membership hats of other unto, the tollmldationi Kn i.

and by the fundamental principles of ourgovernment The7epor. of become instru should itself an ment tor subverting American The American Federation of Teachers knows it is not sufficient to condemn the attack on educational financing through the devious route of demanding membership lists but that it is essential to carry on constantly a militant campaign for "education for de mocracy and democracy in educa I tion," It is the only teachers or? with the Rapp Coudert Committee eH labo not nnlv tne rcason appointed by the 194 New York that teacherl are workers but State Legislature. investi thal they owe. in large, measure. Lr.

rev rw inn KLiinv tn nm. cedure employed to allocate state moneys for financial ability of the state to support to what extent, if any subversive activities have been permitted to be carried on in the schools and colleges of New York City, and every other matter which may be deemed by such Committee to be relevant to the general subject of its study" This resolution was passed after a proposed cut of $10,000,000 in state aid had' been reduced, because of widespread teacher and parent opposition, to 13,000,000. From the background of the resolution and from. some. of the statements of committee members it is evident that an attempt is being made to find an excuse for cutting down state aid in the wealthiest state in the nation.

The excuse Is looked for in subversive activities. The committee has not made plain, except by its own procedure, just what constitutes subversive activities. So far, its sessions have been secret affairs between an individual teacher and a corps of clever lawyers, expert in putting the same question in a half dozen different ways. The teacher is not allowed counsel nor is he given a record ot the proceedings. He is not questioned on how he would improve the school system but on his political opinions and those of other teachers.

Most ot those questioned are members of the Teachers Union. Locals and 537. la addition, the membership list of Local 3 has been demanded. A committee then, appointed by a public agency, 'financed 'but of public funds and responsible to the representatives of the public, is using methods which are in the themielves objectionable and must be condemned. The American Federation of Teachers a national organization of which Locals 5 and 537 are a part has issued this state te' the labor movement such i gains as the free public school, tree text 'books, compulsory school laws and federal aid to vocational training.

Teachers tod. contribute their services to labor by serving on its educational committee and helping to formulate Us policies. Right now, officers of the national association are participating in the proceedings of the Convention of the American federation of Labor in New Orleans. With the help ot organized labor the Federation plans to secure Improved educational services not only in New York, but through Out the country. For children, we want aid in building sound, health through free lunches, penny milk, free dental and medical care, and farm camps for the summer.

We want better buildings with modern 90 per cent of America's schools are in rural areas arid two thirds of these are one room schools with scanty equipment. We want reduction of class size to a desirable maximum of 23. In New York with 33 set as the maximum there are over 874 class es in high school and 15,378 in elementary schools that are In New Orleans, one of the ten major cities of the coun. try class size in the Negro schools Is from 50 to 75 with a few as 1. I I ai 1 Sstatatr tay campaign.

I 1 Swift Exemplary Justice the Advisory Committee on Edu cation says, this regarding the education of the Negro." All the statistics for length of school term, average attendance, educational qualifications of teachers, type of school buildings and other factors indicate that a wasteful neglect is characteristic of the treatment of Negro school children in most of the areas where they are required to attend separate, schools. But of what value are health and training if young people have no opportunity to use them? Youth must leave our schools knowing that it is prepared to do well some work which society will want and use. What a tragic reflection on our civilization that we have not been willing to pass a federal aid to education bill involving from one to three hundred, million dollars; that we have appropriated only grudgingly to the jret for military purposes we can easily raise 5 to IS billion dollars. AU the resources of our country can be geared to put youth in military training camps but not for providing constructive jobs for them. While our schools must stand for adequate defense, they must at the same time point out his false sense of values and send youth out with the knowledge and conviction that society would far rather they live abundantly for democracy than die for it For teachers we want satisfactory working conditions with financial security including decent salaries, pensions and tenure.

In the three states spending the least for cducaUon. Arkansas, Alabama and Mississippi the average salary of teachers, principals and supervisors in the elementary and secondary schools is approximately $300 a year. For the Negro teacher in 13 Southern states the average salary is $462 annually, (Contlined on page eleven) A ParajrrapherV DOTTINGS 1 AT: The swiftest farm ef exemplary Jlas. tice yet te be observed was in ta ease ef those eight divinity students whe refused to register tor. the U.8.

peacetime draft Special provision has been made hi the law to excjnpt divinity students and clerics from selective Their loyalty te their country ended when they registered as required by the law. But, these young men said they were guided by their "consciences" in refusing even to register. Such strange quirk of consciences which guided them to that conclusion can better be sympathicd with than encouraged, espec ially since some raihcr strange quirks of conscjeno es are guiding a few men in their attempt to es tablish a "new order" in the world That no group nor individual has taken up their cause is evidence of the justification of the alternative they received and the serious possibls danger in the spread of like objections. The Selective Service law, hiving been passed after due consideration by the people's representatives, is in effect a mandate' of the people. Were the ideas of a few young men allowed to rise above the action of the.

people's, representatives then that would be fascism in just another form. Subversive elements, with which the country at present abounds, can quickly find a "conscience" to Justify their theories. Ifa a pity the eight divinity students are not aa loyal to thelt country aa thry are to Ihclr railed consciences. 1 FrO Tbe RTail Jr" Mwnt BameU: Tear ts a ate nseui fUtul mmtBltBM erttlelsBi ef the SW kW ffflv.S.lMl.... oin iracaa was so say war at tainkWa journalistic masterpiece.

tJiawed treat skill and ahint. 1. fl ensing a very distasteful point which was played the but hf the new recumbent Republican party during the recent election) "It greatly surprised me to see it appearing in. of all papers. The New York Age, after having to watch it for days glowingly three sheeted in front of The Age's building.

It showed definitely that The Ages policy is not as non partisan as I observed it to be in letting its writers expressing their own views, "I hsppen to know ratrolman Sloan personally. He has been on duty in my neighborhood for a number of years and "Much ado about nearly nothing" is a very mild' way to dismiss the whole "For some reason which is still partially, if not entirely vague, Joe Louis was allowed to go on the air to disgrace twenty million Negroes and attempt to wreck a culture have tried so hard to preserve. 'They'll do It every time." Cdfo' Be Tbinkfcl Among the many things that Negreefl Asaertra nennol be thankful, if respective of what day they celebrate ThanhrKifi. Is. the fart thai re ef the gcettsbeee bays arc atin wHMn the confine that Alabama Jail.

It was striking that no. one included the campaign election, election premises the release of the ScotUboro'boys. There wss much evidence of a possible magic wand. But we beard no mention i the promised release of these lads who are wasting the youngest and best years of their lives in prison. la case anyone kaa fargtttea, these beys were arrested annse nine yean age and charged with the rape ef two white woasea accredited nrnstilaiea.

The act auegtaVy tak place en a freight train en tta 'way la Alabama, tndcr all the oiwu alsaiea, extenuating a. 1 1 a a at. mmm ouirw, iiia wat inear.noys were mn scans, wwm only because ef their color and the vtrtsns haired which fa keld far Negroes by whites In the beulh that tbeaf boys were nmuted and charged whn tne offense. One nf the two wonaen aster 'repudiated bar charges and aware at wfQ anal the boys Md net offended either ef ttesn. As a result of concerted efforts of Individuals and groups, beaded by Attorney Samuel Lrlbowita, now a fudge, four ef trti Tads Ke ef the working people of released as bring Innocent.

By the same token all ol them country and the repudiation of the innocent The fight tor their raj sate asust continue..