New Pittsburgh Courier from Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania • Page 7

The PittsfeiiFglh CoiifIf9 Feature Page pursuit Of Democracy BY MARJORIE McKENZIE I 1 I I firing the black American tioIut pquality which is "rt. But this is the point 1 jf bring out I lack the n't nf what procedure I to most effectively uith vour neorle. I 'lame what I could but it is r.ot enough, as is many liberal whites. inow just what we should iU)S FOR f'mpdon adds that she Pi eaident "urging him on the Supreme that she "has help fnendu business" and pok out against Jlm nisri iminaiion, dui i rnnrh more that she rhiti people could do. hand she suggests Nro be better in 'v h.n nwipapera on what 'i 'white people are do ntt rnpn to wipe out and the inequalities." Kd thht "tnn murW mt tsi tniuatices' perpetrat nano'v, prejudiced, un 7i, as mat.

VMCFDirj, W1 hatred of Cldn. niurai trait or rrt r. i their con km Prompted brj nn group," which stressing, she says, has the effect of discouraging many friendly white people. "We, whites, of my group," she adds, "want to do all we can. Educate us to that understanding we now lack.

For give us our past mistakes and do not reel so bitter towards us. Right Is bound to win." RECOMMENDS ROOK Yes, education on both aides of the fence is the only solution I can see to this problem. My radical friends will think that process too slow. They want immediate action. but I hope they will tell me how, apart from holding a gun at a man's back, you can change his action on things without first changing his ideas about them.

The Negro's great task is how to UN DEFAME himself, and this can be done only by making known the more constructive side of his his tory and his role in the making of America. IN this respect I want to recom mend aa a starter an excellent book full of up to date information which has lust reached me The Nearo Handbook for 1942. edited by Florence Murray, and published hv Wendell Malliet and 209 West 125th street, New York City. which sells for 53.50. Here we have In 269 large pages a summary of the activities of the Negro such as is to be found in no other book that I know of.

There is a. chrono logy for the year imi, toiiowea by a review of Negro business, which I think speaks more elo quently of the Negro's progress than anything else I can tninK or. COVERS WIDE RANGE OF ACTIVITIES These facts and they are off! cial because they come from the U. S. Department of Commerce tell how the Negro spent approx imately J2.000.000.000 of the several billions he earned In 1940.

we also learn that in the year ending De cember 1940, Negroes deposited in their own banks (6,258,884, not a very large sum, it is true, d.u worthwhile wiien you consider the eeneral fewness of Negro banks. The insurance companies, however, made a better showing. Their Income up to June 1941 1 was 14.297.290, while they had $303,972,207 insurance in force. mnihfin of the white I Facta on other Negro businesses. hypocritical and ma IT is not believed here that most of them entertain a natural ha tred for the race.

In their public capacities they probably are ap pealing: to what they tninK is tne sentiment of their white constitu ents. If this is true, then their official deportment is all the more deplorable, because they are not leading, but following a supposed brand of sentiment of their constlt uents. which probably is no more real than their own. Now, this may he only wishful thinking; but in the absence of anything better, the hope may be Indulged that the politicians are catering to what they think is the sentiment of their electors, and their electors to that which their leaders, by their pre tense, are teaching them. If such mutual artificiality does obtain, then there is a chance that at some time there win arise on the Southern scene a real, courageous leader a statesman with a vision to see that it is no real service to masses of people to en courage them to persist in bitter soss and opposition, such a leaaer tlrsM be able to convince tna COLORED AMERICANS FIGHT FOR FREEDOM FOR OTHER MEN IN DARKEST AFRICA C.

rticination of American Negro troop 8 in the African campaign gives rise to a 01 anuniaiica ouicijr unique jlu xucu ucocukc oiwiii; tuua uic mat, wvsun nn freedom and slavery, bearing a second, perhaps holds the answer to the final book. It has taken over three hundred years to close the cycle that completes hook rr The Ions; pull from 1" frf to elavery 10 ueeuum, black. warrior ox the IforMt to (ir niich th Hp 01 Mol hv th. LilhfV 01 I 11 the I thrtr III Miss McKrntle t0 expect them iny kinchip with this new i but reitalnly their Menace rmt imaRinstlons Are star rllftlon lhat. through tlx i'" "gainst their fore wn it IniK re avenged.

Uioi Mrru Garvey! Back to but not as some un iviT'iiwd. unwanted American, to aaxK coiner 01 xns riitf mn' problem. Back to fx 1 ym. nui in in roie 01 nr. hentilding it like Colossus, iinf freedom witn tne uitl lirzwae.

tneir very iire vorrRniis will HUN IN AFRICA hzin th second nook of ifilorv arm tr.e seeona great )rly Thoy return, not to iree Iund of their anccsTors una hlack. yet enslaved brothers, exact parallel would free the conquerors them selves. To free Africa from one set of conquerors and band her rback to another. IN June, I wrote a column about 1 Eboue, who was appointed Governor General of Free French "Africa In 1940 by General De Gaulle. Eboue is a Negro and a French citizen, the nrst rencn colonial governor to disclaim allegiance to Vichy.

Up to the moment of the American occupation, the Free French feared a Vichy or Axis attack to regain the territory under Eboue which Is not only rich in strategic natural resources, but is also a short cut for either the land or sea routes from America to Egypt, Southern Russia and India, It was hoped that Eboue, who Is extremely popular with thu diverse tribal people, would be able to unite them into an effective fighting force to assist in the pro tection or Free French Africa. A BITTKJi TASK Th Ftee French made no guarantee of increased freedom to these colonials, who always have been cruelly exploited and taxed by the French government. Appar ently it was Eboue's job to sell them the idea of fighting first and asxing tor mora freedom after the war, which is the same bill of goods being handed to the Negro in the United States and to the people of India. Therefore, the ano maly persists and la heightened by the combination or brown Amerl cans and black Senegalese and Ubangi, fighting to free Africa from the Germans and Italians in order to preserve her for the French and the English. WHAT a to fight for freedom In pieces! What a bitter, Inescapable choice there lies in saving only the land for free dom, in accepting the fact that the people to whom Africa truly be Rogers Says: By J.

A. ROGERS longs may not have freedom in thla generation. Thus, aa the ab normal circumstances require, and out of the strength of long ac quaintance with opposing slavery, the American Negro troops battle tielr way across Africa to free an enslaved Europe. How can the white, man endure it, how can he accept this supreme gift which he Is not yet ready to return in Ulnar FINAL BOOK IS AN AMERICAN STORY If our boys have considered these things, as well they must, since the situation is without camouflage or subtlety, how shall they resolve the last anomaly, how shall they end the trilogy? The final book Is an American story, to be written on American soil, in New York City, In Decatur, Alabama, and in Jackson, Mississippi, In Detroit and Chicago and San Antonio, Texas In what spirit will these men te turn, for they shall feel like gods! Creators of freedom for other men can they ever war the bonds of economio and political salvery again? What will they think of us puny creatures here, who temporize, who engage in the barter of small chains for larger ones, who with coward's tongue still mutter about the pragmatic value of sep aratism? VEGRO leadership was not pn pared after the last war to fulfill its obligation to translate the enthusiasm for democracy of the men who returned from France into progress. It helped quell race riots without understanding or in terpreting them.

This time the leadership had better get ready to channelize the currents of thought and action which will flow across the pages of the last book of the trilogy. It augurs well to be a saga of which one would be proud to be a coiaborating author. WE NEED TO EDUCATE HfE WHITE AMERICAN 1 AND UN DEFAME OURSELVES IN BETTER.UNDERSTANDING Tfl epks aPCi 1 Rflid that it was mv belief that" the Trminn'tv nf urTitfa nannU in this country are not so much against the Negro as that they really don't know about that cither they have been hearing only the bad side or that they hadn't given thought to the matter. As a solution I suggested the formation of a society for nr Aegro literature ivtth wrutt and colored, some on th order of the fin both tit'ii I nj tm v.t Offers. Annie '4 fumpdon j'.

'AMtnwn, rn ''You J11 net In a are much Ik. Va Bible surh itHSv rnn Mr. Rogers against heavy odds ziMm daya to the present, fcj hive pioduced so many a this period re I a Negro I would thrill 1 prd to he a member of iprosreaalve race. 1linita American I have al 1 Mntd to contribute my such as retail stores, hotels, beauty culture parlors, theatres, and the Incomes of white and colored families are given. IT seems to me that the entire range of Negro activities is coveted in this book.

We have the question of civil rights and the progress that has been made: crime, World War II, and the part the Negro Is taking In It; Negro coast guards, Negro churches, their number and wealth, leading Negroes who died in 1941, education, with a list of colleges, schools, and number of students and graduates; library service and librarians; labor, industry, and the professions; property owned by Negroes; health and other vital politics and government and the role the Negro is playing in same; muaio and art; radio, stage and screen; sports and so on, with YMCA's, Negro lodges and other societies. LIST COLORED NEWSPAPERS Especially interesting I found, too, the section on Negro books and periodicals, and the list of books by and about Negroes, which I here recommend to the friends who write me from time to time about Negro literature. As for the Negro newspapers and magazines hundreds of them are given here And just to think that there are millions of Americans who have never heard of a Negro newspaper and millions more who have never looked Into one. A LL in all I found Miss Murray's Negro Handbook one of the most fascinating and inspiring books I have ever looked into be cause behind the facts and the figure, I saw living breathing peo ple in all the states of the union. It Is indispensable, especially for colleges, students and for every one who Intends to prepare a paper on the race question.

for one, wouldn be without it. P. I am asking readers of this colurnn not to send requests for The Negro Handbook to me but direct to the publisher whose ad dress I have given above. Also, at another time I shall give some of the other letters 1 have recelvd on th starting of a society for the dls tributlon of Negro literature. A RKAL COURAGEOUS OUTH ERN SAY SO WHITE STATESMAN IS NEEDED IN THE SOUTH NOW BY M.

S. STUART MR. at times human nature certainly can be queer. Have just been thinking tho nf snmp of riiir Southern finncressmen povemors. lppislafora And 'tEf officials and politicians.

It is almost funny the way they do. They not onjy Cfnly oppose nearly every movement begun, 'propositions made, or bill introduced in i o. Ncin.n. most of whom most of whom n'Prenf 6ut therefore, "01 liciOUS? With 1 1 rnn. it i.

inrv 'ty fr.i a Mb S'L', processes of White South that, in holding back. holding down and keeping poor, both in spirit and worldly effects, nearly one half of its population, it is to that extent retarding the progress of the whole section. Now a few more thoughts on the ques tion of the sincerity of Southern white politicians. HUMAN NATURE HEAVILY HYPOCRITICAL Nearly every fellow, when you catch him alone, is a different, better animal than when he is acting In a crowd or in company. Argue with him in the presence of others about something he ought to do, some obligation he owes you or society, and most often you meet resistance or refusal.

Now if, in the beginning you take that same fellow off aatde in a friendly spirit and appeal to him to do the same thing as a personsl favor, the chances are that there will be manifest a more cordial and co opera tive spirit. ALL over the South, every week l)lvMml vlilli man tr rfnlnr important favors for Individual col ored men. There art thousands of cases of warm friendships of long standing between whites and Ne NAVY YARD JOBS FOR 700 MEM LOS ANGELES, Nov. 10 According to Clarence Johnson, repreaentatlva of th War Manpower Bureau here, that department has a call for 700 Journeymen for the Mare Island Navy Yards in San Francisco. Sheet metal workers, electricians, welders, laborers and ethers re badly needed.

Wagea begin at W.lt per day with time and half for overtime. Transportation la furnished and housing facilities may be had In a nearby dormitory at the rate of SJJS0 per week for two or $5 for single. Interested applicants apply at once at 511 Federal Building. Your History "Vf mmxl ic IM THE SAHARA MM IN THE SAHARA grbVi. In many cases there are srenuine bonds of friendship be tween Southern members of State Leelslatures and Negroes and be tween Southern United States Congressmen and Negroes.

Now, queer lv. in some cases, these same in dlvidually friendly white legislators become violent opponents or any piece of legislation promising even remote to Denent negroes en masse. What migni ne termed their public policy Is in confllrt with their private conduct. Only In extent are they different from most of humanity in thla respect. INDIVIDUAL EQUALITY l'RACTICED A number of Instances are re called in which, both by choice and by force of varied circumstances, individual equality of association has obtained between white and colored persons.

In the old horse and buggy days, a. colored man driving a white Southern aristocrat encountered a swollen stream which interfered with the Journey, causing aa all night wait. There was a not distant white plantation home where the white man could have had accommodationa for the nizht. A nearby, decent colored home offered to care for the Negro, but shied at the proposition to entertain the white man. The lat ter, however, persuaded the colored family to take hlniln.

UE refused to eat at "a flrst table" supper prepared for him. and insisted on eating at the aame table with the colored family and guest. Some derangements were under way to make room ror tne white man to have separate accommodationa for aleeplng. He would have none of It, preferring to sleep in the same room and bed with the colored guest. This same white aristocrat later ran for, and was elected to.

the State Legisla ture on a social IN equality plat form. Numerous other cases might be mentioned in which, on fishing trios, hunting and traveling togeth er in the South, white men alone with Negroes have congenially associated on tsrms of perfect equality. In some of these cases, these same white men, when later approached in the presence of other white people, have appeared coldly different, aa if to aay thereby, "Do not Attempt to ft out ox your IS ONE OF THE WEALTH IEST COUNTRIES FOR ITS SIZE. ONLV SIX MILES 10NG BVTWO MILES WIDE IT HAS AND SALT IS MORE VALUABLE IN CERTAIN PARTS OF AFRICA THAN SMALL BLOCKS OF SALT ARE STILL USED FOR MONEY IN SOME THE SALT WELLS OF AGRAA ARE PROTECTED BV A FORT 240 FEET LONG BY150 Kfl Duke Edward, Abdicated English King, May Head Caribbean Union LONDON, Nov. 19 If King George VI sanctions a petition of the Caribbean Dominion Assembly, signed by its president, David S.

Nathan, the monarch's brother, Edward, Duke of Windsor and Governor of the Bahamas Islands, will become officially Governor General of British Guiana, British Honduras, Jamaica, Trinidad, Barbados, Ba hemes Islands. Winward Islands. Dates back beyond the cotton fields of the South; back thousands of years before Chxiitl 8 By J. A. Rogers ninatratAri hv RAlfTTKL.

MTLAl Copyright, 1934, by The Pittsburgh Coufer Publishing Company Reproduction Expfeasly Forbidden tr Id) ft nn Looks At Books Intimate Friends Belle J. Benchley's "My Friends, the Apes" (Little, Brown Company, Boston, $3), isn't just another book about animals. Jt is more than that, it is a deligntiui presentation of the author's own personal friends, the apes, whom she Introduces and "snowse off" with aa mueh pride and sen tlmentality aa a fond mother would Here we meet personalities and individualities of four families of the great apes in the collection or the Zoological oaroena or san Diego, of which Mrs. Benchley is director. We meet Amos ana Anay, Old Mom and Blackie and a host of other members of the gibbon family.

We enjoy their joyous vo calization and marvel aa they swing gracefully through some boundless space. We meet Maggie, the mischievous orang utan with incredible strength who entered the San JJiego zoo aa a naoy immi grant in 192S and ia still there. We meet cunning Little Jiggs. another orang utan who was at one time Maggie'a cage mate, and watch with Interest aa Maggie makes the bed for him. Among the many other characters we meet are Di nah, the erratlo and clever chim pantee.

and her comical and Jeal ous mate, Bondo; rgagi ana Jnoon place because we were congenial when alone together. MORAL COURAGE LACKING There la much to support the belief that many white people in the South are tiring of the awkwardness, the inconvenience, the complications and. petty annoyances that grow out of the unnecessary anxiety and technical fears exhibited lest the social standards be violated. While believing as strong ly aa ever In the necessity of separate social standards, many are becoming dlsgustted with the ridiculously unnecessary measures of meanness practiced In the name of upholding those standards. AS 'yet, unfortunately, however, the moral courage to oppose such atrocious folly ia lacking.

go. the dignified and indifferent mountain gorillas of the Belgian Congo. The book is packed with the very best information concerning the reaction of these animals to being hampered by "nun and wire and steel," as well as the natural his tory facts about their true habitats. Mrs. Benchley, "the only woman zoo director in the world, and author of "My Life in a Man Made Jungle," really knowa her animals.

Her experience along this line started immediately after she first entered the xoo life as bookkeeper in 192S. Then a "self Im posed? Job, she used her spare time observing and studying the animala In their collection, and making personal friends. She fon dled and cuddled them, controlled them, gave them personal atten tion, watched them through sick ness and grieved at their death. The book is divided into four parts, each devoted to one of the four families of the great apes in the order in which science has classified them in relation to man trie orang utan, the chimpanzee. and the gorilla.

The hook contains 29ft pages, in addition to 23 photo graphs of some of the characters in interesting poses ana maxe upe. Pleasant, easy reading, a copy of this book should be placed in every school library. Evelyn Wiggins snarpe. DeLand. Fla.

Healing the Mind "Doctors of the Mind, the Story of Psychiatry." by Marie Beynon Ray utile, Brown company. Boston, 13), traces the history of mental healing from Hippocrates, one of the first to conceive tee hrin to ha the Beat of thought. thxenih. Mesmer, Charcot, PUSHKIN, RUSSIA'S GREATEST GIBT, AND A NEGRO, STILL HA5 DESCENDANTS LIVING IU IS ONE OF HIS GREAT GRAND DAUGHTERS WoOTSH, A NEGROWAS ONE OF THE WEALTHIEST CITIZENS OF HUMBLE BEGINNINGS ON A COTTON PLANTATION HE ROSE TO 8E THE OWNER OF 350 DWELLINGS IN MEMPHIS. WITH A TOTAL VALUE OF MORE 1912 AGE 74.

rrr SScfc? LESS THAN Vrv AND 'i CAR OWNERS MUST SIGN GAS COUPONS I IH 7J 7 I'M WASHINGTON. D.O. Nov. 19 Car owners and others holding gas oline books under mileage ration ing win be required to write identi fications on the bacK of their cou pons to Insure against theft and misuse, tne OMce of Price Admin Istration announced tills week. Dubois.

Hughllngs. Jackson, Kraep II Breuer, Freud, Adler, Jung, Bennett. Sakel. Meyer. Meyerson.

Burlingame and many others up to the moment. In spite of the author's prose, which is unduly "bna bt" and "chatty" like the col umns of a woman'a magazine, this Is a very excellent and stimulating study. Most of us have but vague notions about Mesmer, him wholly with Mack magic and disrepute. Here we discover that not only was he a romantic and colorful figure, but one of the greatest thinkers and performers in the history of medicine. Hie original development of hypnotism i a cure for mental ills so en raged his contemporaries that they hounded him out or Austria, soon after, he became the greatest figure in Revolutionary France, a friend of the musician Gluck, and of Lafayette and Ben Franklin.

Then, after extraordinary successes. he was hounded out of France, finally to die in obscurity. Our modern knowledge of the mind stems straight from him. MIND AND BODY ONE Priests have always tried to sep arate mind from body, while most doctors have attempted to treat the body separately from the mind, but all evidence points to the fact that they are Indivisible. Body Illnesses will often have their seat In the mind, or at least be re flected there.

Mental sickness can produce bleeding, swelling, fainting and organic symptoms almost unbelievable. Freud and the psychoanalyses tried to cure the mind. like Mesmer. with hypnotism and suggestion, but such "cures" have not been lasting or rename enougn to please the physiologists. The fight between tne two ecnoois is still on.

It looks aa if the best from each will aurvlve. Josephine scnuyier. New York. N. X.

Leeward Islands and the Virgin Islands all Caribbean territories. It would also be necessary for the petition to be endorsed by the Prime Minister and British Parliament. However. If King George grants his approval, the aanctlon of the Minister and Parliament is held a mere formality. REASON FOR ACTION The petitioners based for a Dominion of Caribbean territories on the perilous outlook of the present war and on the presence ta their environment of one of the world's foremost executives, "Duke Edward." It was explained that the Inter Caribbean Labor party has voted unanimously for "Dominion Status" In the Carlbee with Governor Edward aa Governor General.

Copip of the petition were sent not only to Klnir George, the Prime Minister and Prttlsh Parliament, but also to the President and Government of Cuba. Haiti. Dominican Republic. Argentina. Bolivia.

Chile. Brazil. Colombia, Costa Rica. El Salvador, Ecuador. Guatemala, Honduras.

Mexico. Nicaragua. Panama, Peru. United States, Uruguay, Venezuela, and the Allied War Council at Washington, D.C., UJJA DISTINGUISHED LABOR AWARD TO LEGAL 'ACE' NEW YORK. Nov.

1 The Award for Distinguished Service for Labor's Rights, granted annually by the Workers' Defense League, win be formally presented John F. Flnerty, noted constitution al lawyer, at a WDL dinner Friday, Nov. 20. rt 'Hotel Brevoort here, according to the WDL national chairman. Rev.

Laurence T. Hosie. The presentation will be made by A. Philip Randolph, with AU torney Arthur Garfield Hays in the role of presiding officer. Guest speakers Include Editor Alfred Bingham of COMMON SENSE.

Bishop Francis J. McConnell, Chief Victor Rotnem of the Civil Rights Section of the U. S. Department of Justice. President Moss A.

Dun kett o. the Southern Electoral Re. form League and Norman Thomaa. The award to Finerty was made possible chiefly on his influence In securing favorable action on the Pepper Geyer anti poll tax Mil and his outstanding work In defense of sharecropper Odell Walker. VV RESENT YANKEE INTERFERENCE IN DEEP SOUTH DEMOPOLIS.

Nov. 19 "Outside Interference of people of any color who do not or will not understand the spirit of respect and mutual helpfulness between white and Negro residents of Alabama" was deplored at a recent mass meeting of local Negroes to celehrste over subscription of their quota In the State War Chest campaign. Governor Dixon's office disclosed the resolution in the form of a letter from the local Chamber of Commerce. In the resolution, white and Negro workers were called on to "cease this sabotage" of the war effort by cresting racial strife and unrest leading to labor conflict and strikes. MUTUAL UNDERSTANDING The resolution said, in conclusion: "We are grateful for the fine spirit of mutual respect and mutual confidence which exist now.

and has existed for so many years in this part of the Southland between the white and colored races." JIM CROW SM IN FAR WEST BOISE. Nov. 19 Negro aoW diers at the 90th Aviation Squad ron here are finding the "usual" segregation and race prejudice in the Boise community that Is legion to colored men In eervloe all over the South and portions of the far West. If the men care to buy a decent meal or drink, they have to endure the old Southern system of buying and taking the commodity off the immediate premiaea lor consump tion. There la the usual long wait to be waited on and.

In some caaea, there is a flat refusal to wait cm NetroeM. The large influx of white Southerners to the West alnce tha war began la held largely account able for thla rising cure ox jua crowism. CITIZENS AND SOLDDXR3 The soldiers' favorite pastime Is playing phonograph records. Thesa do tend to bring back memories of loved ones back home. Conditlona racially and recria tlonally areo bad that a ecrairiw tee representing tha rOtn.Ariittoa Squadron, leading elvio or and the mayor hlmes.f fce Joined hands In a bettsrment palgn.

The churches and vt clube have responded noily, log the soldiers to their yarl servlcee and activities. MCA has thrown pea ciiiUsa to them, A.