The Yorkshire Herald and the York Herald from York, North Yorkshire, England • 12

THE YORKSHIRE HERALD SATURDAY. JULY 18, 1891. HEARTH AND HOMj NORTHERN ANSWERS. (1577) William Etty.R. A.

William Etty, of NOTES QUERIES NORTHERN NOTES. THE WEEK. Tot: York City Council on Monday declined to receive the report of the Technical Instruction Committee for a singular reason. Per- called, consisted of his library of books, drawings, manuscripts, prints, medals and coins, ancient and modern antiquities, seals, cameos and intaglios, precious stones, aerates, jaspers, vessels of agate and jasper, crystals, mathematical instruments, drawings and pictures, more particularly described and numbered, with short histories or accounts of them, with proper references in certain catalogues by him made containing thirty-eight volumes in folio and eight volumes in quarto He appointed trustees to sell his collection for 20,000, also to obtain a sulhcient fund or provision for maintaining and taking care of his said collection and premises, and for repairing and supporting his said Manor House waterworks coining from Kensington and premises." His trustees were in the first instance to apply to Parliament, and, if Parliament declined the offer, they spurred to resemble a gamecock, and sent it in a richly decorated cage to the Sultan, with the respectful compliments of the Russian Ambas'iador. The ruse was successful.

His Majesty, who at first was delighted with the gift, soon sen; for the Ambassador to present himself at the palace, and explain, if he could, why the bird had no fight in him. Ignatieff went, and in the presence of the Sultan examined the bird, and with, of course, immense astonishment and regret, acknowledged that it was quite unable to cope with I113 Majesty's superior gamecocks. A conference followed on the subject of gamecocks in general and this one in particular, and when the diplomatist had succeeded in dm wing the Sultan into a conversational mood, he adroitly introduced the political matter he had so long awaited an opportunity to bring before his Majesty. Ignatieff returned to his Embassy triumphant over his colleagues, who were left out her native place but to no purpose. The West Ham Guardians appear to be more considerate.

They are willing to let her live at Kirbymoorside, and to pay her the relief allowance to which she is entitled through the Kirbymoorside Guardians. Yesterday the latter authority consented to this arrangement, and the poor woman's very natural wish will therefore be attained. Seeing that such an arrangement is possible now, why was it not possible before the strong course was adopted of forcing the woman from her home In a very short time we shall be exchanging courtesies with Frenchmen, for this country is to receive a visit from the French Channel Fleet, which is to cast anchor at Portsmouth. The Admiral and officers will be welcomed with unmistakable cordiality, as was the case two years ago, when the French Mediterranean Fleet visited Malta. There is no reason why anything different from cordial friendship should be exhibited on such an occasion.

But it is simply absurd that England should make as much of the French Fleet as it has done of the Queen's grandson of the Monarch of a people with whom we have so much in common, and with whom we are acting such thorough accord. Germany has not slapped England in the face, metaphorically speaking, as the French Chambers have done, by refusing assent to the oidy practical and speedy method of really putting down the African Slave Trade. Germany does not seek to convert a right to land and dry fish into actual territorial ownership, as in the Newfounland case. Until the acts of France are equally friendly to England as the acts of Germany, our most cordial friendship must be with the latter. Yoik, is spoken of as the Englsh Titian.

Some time ago he published in the Art Journal a charm ing piece ot autobiography having all thesimplicity and freshness that such biography only retains. He notes there his great regard for his native city, and says Like my favourite hero, Robinson Crusoe, I was born in the city of York so he savs. so say I only he was born iu Ki32, and I in 17S7. March 10th, of an honest and industrious fami'y. Like Kembrandt and Constable, my father also was a miller, and his mill was standing till this year on the old 1 ork road to London, about half-a-mile from York.

My first rands on which I drew were the boards of my father's shop floor my first crayon a far thing worth of white chalk. JLtus he wrote in his old home in York, aud dining all his wanderings his heart was in Yorkshire, and he came back to live die in the city he loved so well. This old of Etty's was the house in the square beside St. Martin's Church in Coney- street, and now used as a portion of the offices of the Yorkmrre Herald. It was here he lived and died, aud at his own ropiest was buried to the churchyard of St.

Olave, in Marygate. In this church is a pointed arch once acting as the northern entrance to the choir. This arch was closed but was afterwards opened so that the tomb of Etty might be seen from thet grounds of St. Mary's Abbey. The tomb is exactly opposite the arch, and is slightly ornamented with Gothic panels and qnatrefoih? forming a frame to the simple inscription William Etty, Royal Academician." Etty died on 13th November, 1S49.

Clanlcr (York). (1579) The Spring on Koseherry Topping. Rose berry, or Rosebury Topping, originally it is said, called Ottenberg is a conical hill situated at the north-east angle of the Cleveland Hills, near Cuisborough. Upon the top of the hill there was and for anything I have heard to the contrary there now is a fountain of very clear water with which the following tradition is connected. When King Oswald of Northumberland's son was born the wise men and the magicians were sent for to Court to predict and fortell the life and fortune of the new-born prince.

They all agreed that he would when half-a-year old be drowned. The indulgent maternal Queen would have carried him to the famous Cheviot but for the troubles then existing iu the North. She therefore, for his better security, brought hini to a lofty hill in peaceful Cleveland, called Rosebcrrv, and caused a cell or cave to be made near the top thereof in order to prevent his foretold unhappy death. But it was all in vain, for the fates who spare nobody dissolved the rugged rocks into a flowing stream, and by drowning the son put an end to all the mother's cares, thoueh not to her sorrows, for ordering him to be interred Tivotdale (Osuiotherley) Church, she mourned with such inconsolable trricf that she soon followed him and was. according to her fervent desire, laid by the side of her darling child.

The heads of the mother and son, cut in stone, may be seen at the east end of the church, and from a saying of the people, Os by his mother lay," Tivotdale got the name of Osuiotherley. A ballad has been written on tliis subject. W. Z. (Cleveland).

(157S) "The Baut.kk ok Thiusk's Forfeits The following is a copy of the ballad asked for First come, first served Then come not late, And when arrived keep your sate For he who from these rules shall swerve, Shall pay his forfeit so observe. Who enters here with boots and spurs Must his nook, for if he stirs And gives arm heel a kieii, A pint he pays for every prick. Who rudely takes another's turn, By forfeit glass may Bianners learn; Who reverent-less shall swear or curse Must lug seven ha'pence from his purse. Who checks the barber in his tale, Shall pay for that a gill o' yale Who will, or cannot miss his hat Whilst trimming pays a pint for that. And he who can, but will not pay Shall hence he sent half trimmed away For will he nill he if in fault, He forfeit must in meal or mall.

But mark the man who is in drink, Must the cannikin oh, ne clink. Gkokge H. (Thirsk). (I5S0) As Or.n Yorkshire Csironiclkr. Robert Maimv-ing, otherwise Robert dc tJninc, was a native of Maltou, and was brought up in the (iilbertine Priory there, whence he removed to that of Sixhilla, in Lincolnshire.

He subsequent by became Canon of Bruue Bourne) a Priory of Black Canons for men and women, where it is supposed he died altera long residence. Along with his fellow-countryman, Wyelift, lie was one of the first to fashion the Anglo-Saxon into modern literary English, and was one of her very curliest-versifiers of the chronicles of England and translators of works of high reputation into the vernacular He is somewhat rugged in style and uncouth in phraseology, but this was inteutional and for a purpose, as he said his works were int' led not for the learned hut for the lewd (igno) His works were A MetHcai History of England, partly original and partly compiled from ace and Lauatoft.From lu.c.-s to the end of Edward 1st. Written Circa, "Robert of (Gloucester and Peter Langtoft's chronicles Illustrated and improved by Robert of lirunue from the death of Cadwallader to the end of Edward 1st," M.S. in the Inner Temple Library. Published by Thomas Kearne, 1712.

Cardinal Bonaveiitura's Oe cavna et passione Domini et pamis S. Marie Virginas." Translated into English verse, entitled Meditacyons on the soper of cur Lord Jhesus. and also hys and eke ot the Pavnes of his sweet Modyr, Mayden, Marye, the wyche made yu Latyn, Bonaveutura Cardymdl." Translation of Grostcste's (Bishop of Lincoln) "Chateau d' Amour." Here bugynet a tretys that is y'clept Caste 1 of Love, that Bishop Orosteyst made, ywis for lewde men. Edited by J. Halliwell, 1849.

Translation of Qrosteste's Manual de Peches." A treatise on the Seven Deadly Sins. Although this last work is attributed to Bishop Grosteste it is not certain that he was the author. A. C. (Malton).

GENERAL NOTES. THE ENGLISH AND GERMAN NATIONAL ANTHEMS. The fact that our National Anthem invariably accompanied the German Emperor on his State appearances in this country seems to have perplexed a good many people, wdio doubtless are under the impression that "Die Waeht am Ithein" would be more appropriate. The fact is, however, that the melody of (iod save the Queen," under its German tillti, has for nearly a century been the Suite an! hem of Prussia. It wjis early iu 1790 that the Holstcin clergyman, Heiurich Herries, wrote in honour of Christian VIL of Denmark a national hymn in eight stanzas, "To the melody of the English God save Great George the King," Three ytars later Frederick William II.

adopted an abbreviated version of it for the Prussian Court, the words being written by Schumacher. This is still the State anthem, while Wil helm's Wacht am Rhein," composed in 1854, and first brought prominently into notice during tUeFrauco-Germau War, ranks as a patriotic song with our own Rule Biitanuia." Besides being the State anthem of Denmark and Prussia, God Save the Queen was also the State melody of Russia until the Czar Nicholas, desiring that the Russiaus should have a Natiojl Hymn of their own, commanded Lwoff iu lS'M to compose God Preserve the Czar." In the United States also the tune of God Save the Queen is conserved in a quasi-national melody entitled America." ROTHSCHILD AND THE CZAR. About forty years ago the first Russian political refugee, Alexander Heizen, settled iu London and founded the first Russian free press and paper, called the Bell. He was a wealthy man, and before starting for his voluntary exile he converted all his landed property into bonds ot the State. On coming to England he wanted to realise ou these bonds but it somehow happened that the Government knew the numbers of Herzen's bonds.

and the Czar, Nicolas thought he could ruin his enemy by orderuig the Bauk of the State to refuse his bonds as worthless. The bank obeyed. as a matter of course, although it was contrary to law. ruc nerzen lonnd a strong man to take care of his interest, Mr. Rothschild the elder, who sent to the Czai's Government a note intimating that since the bonds in question were in all respects as good as other Russian bonds, he would consider their rejection as an evidence of insolvency and would declare the Czar of all t.liA Russias a bankrupt upon all the stock exchanges of rpi i xue visar micoiaa put, nis prnie into his pocket and ordered the bank to accept Herzen's bonds.

This story, says Stepniak," is pcrfectly authentic, and flerzen relates in his Bell very wittily and in all details how King Rothschild sent his orders to Emperor Nicolas and the Emperor obeyed." THE SULTAN AND THE GAMECOCKS. The late Sultan of Turkey, Abdul Aziz, if not absolutely mad was sufficiently eccentric to cause constant irritation, not only to his Ministers but to the Foreign Ambassadors. At one time he refused absolutely to grant an audience to any of the members of the Diplomatic Bodv. and this at a time hen many of them, including the Russian were waiting anxiously for interviews. General Ignatieff, Ambassador from St.

Petersburg, ascertained that, under the plea of official occupation, the Sultan was soend inc the rrrpa.ljp tvii-i of his time in cock-fighting, an amusement which he greatly relished. He further ascertained that his Imperial Majesty was in want of fresh birds to supply the nlaces'of those. killcH in Thereupon Ienatieff procured a fine looking wtiite fowl of the farm yard specks, hd it trimmed and (FROM OLD AND NEW SOURC SEVEN AOES WOWRIT. At sixteen she wondered just who She'd select from the herd of vain At twenty a little less coy She thought she would try it again. Twenty five Was she really ao old Well, well She could hardly 20 On the almanack-could she, old friST For, somehow, she hadn't the knack.

At thirty she felt that her case Had suddenly desperate grown Thirty five Could it he, after aJQ That she must live always alone When forty arrived the grew cold. Of what use to continue the fi ht Between, worry, delay, aud 3uspcu.se. She knew she was almost a frisrht Forty-five What aura men but a can With my parrot and pug pm 3eren So she drifts old W'e and tea And fortffeta ooth ambition and sr rrrRTKV vorr. HOCSTN. For the purification of the air, every lion is recommended by a very able chemist i pounu or cniorme ot lime tn 1 tU i-i IMMWW UXUWL.U Oi IU Uaiiy 111 nvn T.

all drains. Tin; cost will only he thm. the benefit great. A DAINTY UTT1.K Cut half-a-dozen large tomatoes- Uul i through the middle, scoop out a little and hll the cavity with small nierj.jn of nice lettuces. Arrange them 1 7 leaves in a glass dish.

Screen the whole skinned shrimps and .1 grated cheese. Just before aerviiw. A isr" "cl r-'iem "ran. salad the following dressing; PofiV 'k boiled yolk of an egg in a breakfast spoon, add to it a tea.spooniul of French 1 the same quantity of castor muitari, salt; then stir into it, slovju '1 tablespoonfuis of salad oil, i two lastly, two tablespoonfuis i ln lH Wreathe the dish with tufts of Vlner bright red radishes. ttrw DRESSED CRAB Ti .11 ivemove an tne meat iroiu v.vo Mb craos, reserving tne ciaws.

)n- for lea nliLff if, in r. nv-v 11 tg ful of sherry, a shake of pepper, a tlt a dash if cayenne, a teaspoonfnl oi made mv two tablespoonfuis of vinegar, and one of fB lump of butter the size of a lien's anchovy boned and scalded, nd let uTugeit! ten minutes. Beat the yolks of two egjn well them in carefully and slowly with two Tshlesw'' fuls of bread crumbs, and pour the whole u. some buttered toast, dusted with cayenne 'Jam" wdth the claws of the crabs and spiles cress. Mlt.K TK.ST.

An ingenious test for detecting addition water to milk in reported based upitb tha (act all well and river water contains nitrates of eMa calcium, sodium, potassium, or amaioDium varying porpcrtions. ihe presence of either 4 these, according to the source of the water, 'aw easily be determined in the residue left mg evaporation of the water. These mtutei in proportion present the drinking water prwiiio, a blue colour with diphenylamine testing, 20 drops of the diphenylainiin. placed in a saucer, and a little of the mm. milk poured into it In the presence of only fr, per cent, of well-water of ordinary milk it will gradually assume a 1 i ttnae.

TO WASH RAfclEs' SOKES, washing of babies' clothes. in tne washing ot babies clothes, it 1- cssential that soda should lie kept Kitchen, or it is certain to Imd its way into itn wash tub iu the hind of a forgetful servant fa dainty little garments reipiire to soak for Munich in clear cold wafer, to take out any aLi or other stains they may have contracted. Net; day they should be carefully rubbed hoi ma with pure white soap, and boiled iu a clear for about ten minutes then each article ruuni a two pans of water, one of which should be ilijjlnlj blued. Robes and skirts should he itafehed hi wet, but on no account starch the bodies, tj preparation of the thinnest boiled starch, with 1 little patent borax dissolved in it, Reckit being so pure, will be found the best lor use. The bodies of the robes may be rolled ii 1 skirts, which will give them sntricient stitTi 1 look well when ironed.

A little idwni mil rinsing water will prevent the clothni0 taking lite. THE ILK I Kt. To flirt successfully a man must be clevr Ti is no ygc for the old-fashioned flirtation, lete ogle it is also necessary that his eouiiiktM i language should be good, in order that lie jbi have a long run, aud to prevent his being, volewlj speaking, cornered. How not to pre not to give himself away these are lus iii'lv for, as he goes through hfe, awfnl rpiesi: naked him on all side. When yon see one it ihtH men married young, you may know thai not determination, but his vocabulary has been twit1 ing the spirit has been only too willing apt 1 marry his command of his native lang has beeu eak.

To keep afloat long Uiunanied, must cultivate a tender ambiguity he must 10 lovcmaking incline to tmpressionisni, for frosi 1 instant he beguis to till in his -ketch wU detail he is a lost man he most suggest say, and in his replies lo parents and guardfe must employ the guile of the gipsy racecourse. The dirt is different fi Uie nary Johnny dirts ftwttd merely because she is considered because somebody else wants to do so that ilrf 1 the fashion is everything with Sentiment has little part in the vapid piay merely wishes tor scalps to ail is proud that the other John; banging there The flirt als-can fijet, but selects for hims wigwam, 1 1 sc Ii 1 be Joes- do: mires no Iff variably go with the crowd. of woman in Darticular and it.in- backs, for he must lie armed at all 1 1 1 from a flirtation with some horsey 14) be be confronted by a tnisuudersto XX 1 1 he has come to thoroughly understand the may be taken out picnicking with laity 1 gelical views. For some of these things always had to be prepared, but in the present fresh complications are always arising, md the must be exceedingly versatile. Some nine man could be sure that, witli m' married girls at least, he would rind pronounced views now, where once iie count on a bread-and-bttUerv 11 ready bkndi and smile, there is no Mm forthcoming, unless indeed he elioeea these himself.

He is in the hands the Bohemian girl," who will, instead of mental platitudes, probably demand 1 i tunate man hi opinion of the last ((die1 "Friv." Some of his time inust be liVfot11 literature, for l.e may on the other han-1 dinner the reading girl, and will dlf5 probablv be chased through his collection ffnrv 1 VtM the most restful companion for the society woman of thirty. Her style fci oft" to criticism, but she is very amusing, uw, lias not a heart that can toiahe.l. ami is as safe as the mail, he finds her entertau' -Here, at least, he nan ho at notice She Will trouble him with that curse of the age, nor on a blazing, hot day, when he is "-V1'- brandy and soda, a3k him bis real' 11, the character of Anna Karenina iior.iD.w hints roa Tin: rni'R. The mother isoften the last ners-m in profit by the summer's fr am! raof If .1... m.i aiic jjoes comforts and fancied necessities foi the 7 hat there is no room far what she hers w1 1-1-1 ks l.

'1. ikk) iiiwiHiniY soeiu- so liMUN JS iv tired to enjoy the ledy? Begin by placing ulders some part ot not drag wearily 1 hut tl 10 wreiiio enjoy ine ciw- wnau is tne rented laughters' shoub the house. Ho i sometimes to follow her own dictates aud v(. Ik Kuuiuctn wneie sn nfai I'lvctourc mac mot ner may 1 esc. provuie uresses ao plain mai -n; ne minimum ot labour to make aim remembering, too, that thin woollens than starched muslins, and of these ry.

rpoiiin. ft.ur a i' inline AnmAo 1. rill' uiuuuii nunrciin ill! umiajv -i Will in rif.u-n nf our for this is when baby is sleeping, Lm and your presence in is soothing to him. You should upend cacii uiiv in tne onen air Kim ami nv xr, l. .1 r.

.1 dr. Rim and play little ones as they wander over the Held vitjpl leacning them some of the secrets ww 1 keeps for her human children, and sti tffil love for you by your power to enter i enjoyments. Some occupation lor tin- almost a necessity, and many ise nr, 3 their sewing machines to their summer hw oruer to take time by the forelock oi wiiitt' sewing, i am airani tu i Uf i lest some tired mother should spenu days of summer in slaving over tiacO children for nest winter. Summer shOUW time to pick up some of the fallen tht" children ill outgrow you fast eteagh jj age, but the distance between you yfur music, your each summer day finds you busy nvr book, a Beethoven sonata, or charming view. TlIK RDITOR ot thuM-dn-al Ai nn of IMBBURV a a ln invaliiL1, on oi itsabnolute pwri'i -reat sohtbiiity and counsels the e2fflj remember, in reecmnnemlinK of Caobukv's bevemffi YORKSHIRE PEOPLE AND STEEPLE RHYMES.

Mr. W. Andrews of Hull writes i The Yorkshire village of Raskelfe is usually called Rascall, and an old ryhme says A wooden church, a wooden steeple, Rascally church, rascally people. Three other Yorkshire examples come next. The low square tower of Hornsea church once bore a tall spire, which fell in a gale in the year 1773.

There is an absurd superstition, which is very popular in the town and neighbourhood, that a atone was found when the spire fell, with au inscription to this effect Homsea broach, when I built thee, Thou wast ten miles from Beverley, Ten miles from Bridlington, And ten miles from th' sea. In the same district is the village of Paull, with a church situated on a commanding eminence, and standing by itself nearly a quarter of a mile from the village, which gave rise to the following distich High Paull, and Little Paull, and Paull Holme. There was never a fair maid married at Paul Town. Robert Leighton named in our last example, was a noted farmer of the district. Market Weigh ton, Robert Leightou, A brick church.

And wooden steeple, i. drunken priest And a wicked people YORKSHIRE EPITAPHS. In St. Mary's Churchyard, York, is a monument to the memory of a young woman who was acci dentally drowned, Dec 24th, 1606. The inscrip tion is said to have been penned by her lover Nigh to the River Ousc, in York's fair city, Unto this pretty maid Death shew'd no pity As soon as she her pail with water till'd Came sudden death, and life like water spilled.

In Hvdon or Hevdon Church is a tombstone with the following anti-Malthusian inscription Here lieth the body of William Strattox, of Padrington, buried 18th of May, 1734, Aged 97, Who had, by his first wife, twenty-eight children, And by a second, seventeen, Own father to forty-five Grandfather to eighty-six Great grandfather to ninety -seven, And grcat-gi cat -grandfather to twenty three In all oue hundred and fiftv-one. In Whitby Churchyard the sadden death of a native of that water mg-place hnds a record these lines Sudden and unexpected was the end Of our esteemed and beloved friend He gave to all his friends a sudden shook, Bv one day falling into Sunderland Dock. In Silkstone Churchyard is a plain headstone with the following inscription John Taylor, of Silkstone, potter, died July 14th, 1815, aged 72; Hannah, his wife, died August 13th, 1815, aged 68. Out of the clay they got their bread Themselves of clay (or dust) were made To clay returned, they now lie dead In churchyard clay all must be laid. His wife to live without him tried.

Hard found the task, fell sick and died And now in peace their bodies lie, Until the dead be called on high, New moulded for their home the sky. In Hartshead Churchyard is a tombstone with the following historical facts inscribed thereon, having reference to one John Fearnlcy, who died at Wakefield in 1756 He was boru at Clifton, and as it appears, In Kirklees' family lived seventeen years. He at this place had seven Baronets seen, Here in his time hath sixteen curates been, Lived fifty years at Hightown, thence was married, His first espoused was at Birstall buried, Near the other two here is laid Waiting the resurrection of the dead. THE ASH TREE AND YORKSHIRE PLACE NAMES. "The ash tree, formerly spelt aesk, or esk, which in early times must have abounded on the Yorkshire hills, as it does to the present day, has given its name to a multitude of places.

The tough wood of the ash tree was generally used for the purpose of makiiur spears for war and the spearman was called the aesk Thus in Ca-dmon's poems wo have the spearman described as Wc also read in his poems of and of The presence of the ash wc find in the names of the Barkstone Ash Wapentake also in Askrigg, Escrick, Ash ton, Aston, Eshtou, and probably in all the following names which occur in the Domesday Survey of Yorkshire: A scam, Asch, Aschebi, Asehetlorp, Aschilcbi, Aschilcs-meres, Aschiltorp, Ascri, Ascric, Ascvid, Asebi, Aserla, Aslachesbi. Astune, Escafcldc, Kschalche-dene, Eschedala, Escriangham, Escrieghan, Esdcsai, Esingetoue, Esingetune, Eslingsby, Hesingtone, and Hessam. There are, however, two other words that are frequently found in the orkshire names of places, which are liable to be confounded with the old names partly derived from the ash tree. These are aij, found in such words as Aysgarth and Aismunderby, which is derived from the word aesir, the inferior gods of the Danish or Norwegian mythology and es, as a contraction for "MY LORDS THE QUEEN'S JUSTICES AT A VORKSHIRE VILLAGE CHURCH. Justice Allan Park, when travelling on the northern circuit late on Saturday night at one assize town, had to be at another to open the commission on the following Monday.

To avoid the necessity of journeying any part of the distance on the Sunday he wished to go forward the same night, but his brother judge was not so scrupulous on tliat point, and it was resolved to start very early on Sunday morning, and to attend whatever church they might reach in time for divine service. About ten o'clock the steeple of a small parish church within a short distance from the high road, was sighted, and the postboys were ordered to make tor it. Thus the inhabitants of a quiet Yorkshire village were put into a state of intense excitement by the announcement that "My Lords the Judges" were coming to church The rector selected a sermon ou which he prided himself the squires pew was dusted out for their reception and of course the rector's wife and daughters selected their best bonnets. All went well till the termination of the Morning Prayer when the psalm was to be given out. In these days it was left to the uncontrolled discretion of the parish clerk, who felt the importance of the occasion, and wished to give out something appropriate.

He turned to the index at the end of Tate and Brady's ersion, and on coming to the letter found, Speak, ye Judges," and at once made his decision. He invited the congregation to join in singing the 5Sth Psalm, which they proceeded to do most heartily, being, struck by the appropriateness of the introductory words, and thus they saug of the two learned judges "Speak, ye Judges of the earth, If just your sentence be? Or must not innocence appeal To Heaveu from your decree? Your wicked hearts and judgments are Alike by malice swayeel Your griping hands, by weighty bribes, To violence betrayed." THE LASS OF RICHMOND HILL. The popular song with this title has generally been supposed to have reference -to Richmond in Surrey, hut we are now told that such is not the case, and that in future the song must appear amongst The Ballads and Songs of Yorkshire," as the celebrated lady whose praises are sung in this pleasant ditty was a Yorkshire lass. It is asserted that the song was written by Leonard McNally, a barrister, before his marriage to its heroine, a Miss I Anson, of Richmond Hill, in Yorkshire. Her father, of the same place, practised as a solicitor in Bedford-row, London, The pair were married in 1787, and the song seems to have beeu publicly sung by Incledon in 1789.

The music was by James Hook, the then popular composer, father of the famous Theodore Hook, and grandfather of the late Dean of Chichester, formerly Vicar of Leeds. For the benefit of our younger readers the poem is printed On Richmond Hill, there lives a lass, More bright thau May-day morn, Whose charms all other maids surpass-. A rose, without a thorn. Chorus. This lass so neat, with smiles so sweet, Has won my right good wdl I'd crowns resign, to call her mine, Sweet lass of Richmond HilL Ye zepyhrs gay, that fan the air, And wanton through the grove, OIi, whisper to my charming fair, I'd die for her I love.

Chorus. How happy will, the shenherd be. Who calls this nymph his own Oh, may, her choice be fixed on me, Mine fixed on her alone. Chorus. NORTHERN QUERIES.

(1585) 'The Child in the Wood, or the Cruel Unkle." I have seen an old ballad with this title relating to an incident at Beverley. Is anyone acquainted with the particulars H. V. (Selby). (1586) Heath Old Hall The history of this fine old Elizabethan mansion would be esteemed.

Antiquity (Doncaster.) (1587) A Distinguished General A tanner's boy named Elley, of Arm ley, near Leeds, became Lieut. -General Sir ohn Elley, K.C. B. Can any of your readers furnish me with his carser Sandhurst (Leeds.) (15S8) The Chapel on the Bridge, Wake-ftku Will any one oblige me with a history of "us chapel KcaucwAsnou. York.

I liaps it is less than to the in regara to time at which it was the reason for not accept-must be deemed singular. announced, that Jiiif tUe report I i lie ordinary course cue reception 01 icpui would have beeu moved by the Chairman of the Technical Instruction Committee, but at the cutset of the proceedings Mr. Mansfield asked the Town Clerk whether members of the Council who are pecuniarily interested in the York Institute or the York Fine Art Institution both of them institutions affected by the report were entitled to tike part in the business, and the Town Clerk held that they were not. Tins decision prevented Alderman the Chairman of the Committee, from moving the reception of the report, and that duty was then undertaken by Mr. Donald Mackay, another member of the Committee, but the necessary effect of the Town Clerk's ruling was to bring about the collapse of the whole business.

The motion for receiving the report was rejected, though on a vote in which many gentlemen were precluded from participating, and it would seem that the important and heavy labours of the Committee are to end in nothing. We imagine that it will be necessary to reconstitute the Committee, in order to exclude from it any member of the Council whose interest in either of the two institutions concerned makes him ineligible to deal with the matter. Obviously if a member cannot speak or vote upon a recommendation in whicli .1 1.1 ClUnn he is held to have even a nominal pecuniary in- tcrest, he cannot be a party to making the recommendation, and therefore the Council, the Committee, and everybody concerned have been blundering in this matter from the beginning. This is so serious a state of things that we think the public will want to know how it is that the Council appointed a Committee to do a work which it was not competent to do, and allowed so long a time to elapse before attempting to correct the blunder. For the moment we content ourselves with emphasizing the annoyance which the city will feel, and which members of the Committee must feel even more strongly.

We guard ourselves, however, against assuming that the difficulty raised by the Town Clerk's opinion is an iusuperable one. The Council discussed at some length the unfortunate difficulties consequent on Mr. Bottoms' non-continuance of the works under his sewerage contract, and adopted certain recommendations of the Sewerage Committee, including the acceptance of a new tender. But the matters are so complicated by legal questions at present undecided by a court of law we refrain from commenting upon them. Tiie Local Government Act Commissioners on Tuesday consented to approve the agreements made between the West Riding County Council and the County Boroughs in the West Riding other than York.

Lord Derby, in delivering the judgment of the Commissioners, stated that they took this course reluctantly, but that they were loth to disturb an arrangement with which the authorities concerned in it were satisfied. The decision was qualified by a proviso, intended to meet the contingency of delay in any year in apportioning the amounts to be received by the West Biding County Council and the Count- Boroughs respectively. This Wm assented to by the authorities concerned, and the main question of distribution, as it affects the West Riding County Boroughs other than York, was thus settled on terms which are distinctly favourable to these boroughs. The claim of York to be put upon the same terms by the West Riding County Council was then urged by the Town Clerk or York, and was resisted by the Clerk to the Wist Riding County Council. This part of the business, and some subordinate questions on which the Commissioners' ruling was asked for liy the representatives of the West Riding Boroughs, still await the decision of the Commissioners, who have taken further time for dealing with them.

York, therefore, does not yet know what its fate may be. We do not think it advisable to form any sanguine anticipations, but the Commissioners may not unreasonably conclude that, to the extent to which York is a West Riding Borough, it is entitled to be put upon the same foxing as the other Boroughs in the West Riding. If that be their view York will have a strong claim to be treated with equal consideration by the other Ridings. ho would not be a company promoter Well, it requires, undoubtedly, special pluck and tact, not to say assurance and astuteness, to play the part successfully. But without at all prejudging the case of the bankrupt Mr.

Horatio Bottomley, which we have no right to do, we may say it is not at all unlikely that his meteoric example may inflame others who consider themselves to be possessed of qualities: similar to those which he has manifested, to follow his example. Beginning his career as an attorney's clerk, learning shorthand and making (as lie tells us) in two years as a shorthand writer in the Law Courts, he throws over a prospect which the great majority of shorthand writers would only be too thankful to possess, in order to pursue the calling of a company promoter After a few smaller, preliminary efforts, all very successful, be takes Hansard's business in hand and confesses to having pro-fitted to the extent of 32,000 by launching the Hansard Union The Hansard shareholders do not profit at all, but would like to have their money back. Yey little notice has been taken of a really significant item of intelligence communicated by Mr. Arnold White, who has been making inquiries in Russia and in America on behalf of Baron HiRscir. We need hardly remind our -tenders that Baron Hirsch has been engaged for some time past in an effort to make arrangements for the leception, in suitable foreign countries, of colonies of Jews, expelled from Russia.

White reports very strongly in favour of the establishment of Agricultural Colonies both in South and North America. But such a scheme is entirely opposed to a generally received notion that the Jews have an aversion to agricultural pursuits. This opinion receives a seudo confirmation from the fact that members of the Hebrew race are not observed to engage in such an industry now-a-days. History, however, will show that the Jews never really exhibited any distaste for that if they do not now fulfil the role of peasants, it is because, in the middle ages, they were driven by the barbarous prejudices of superstitious peoples from the fields into the towns, to which they have ever since been virtually compelled to restrict themselves. Mr.

White remits that in the colonies of Chcrson and Ekaterinoslav, there arc no less than 30,000 Jews subsisting entirely by agriculture, and these peopl are muustrmus ana sober without nnv counter- balancing vice, unless a propensity to early and improvident marriages is to be considered such." Such testimony will surprise many. Wk are glad to see that the poor woman, uLLr.n iMsig, wuo to sent a week or two ago by the Kirbymoorside Guardians from Tr: i iviroymoorsiae, her native place, to the dis trict of the West Ham Union, is to be allowed to return to her old home. The circumstances of ner removal to West Ham were of a yen- v-iiaracier, ana a good deal of feelnm adverse to the action of the Kirby luoorside Guardians, was produced I the locality. Mrs. Franks is uer nusband having died in London lus death, about she went back to Kirbymoorside, to liv, year since, to live wif.K According to the information supplied to us, both sh rA 4.1 nsr ged parent and were to sell it for the use of certain foreign academies which were named, and in case the said offer should not be accepted by either of the said foreign academies, his executors were at liberty to sell it with all convenient speedy and advantageous manner." The Act of Parliament which was passed in 1753 to sanction the purchase of this collection for the nation is still the basis of the constitution of the British The trustees of that institution then rirst received their powers and title from Parliament.

The office of principal librarian was then created with the powers and the salary of 1,000 a year, which he retained until recently. The Avchbisbop of Canterbury, the Lord Chancellor and the Sneaker were invested with the patronage and control of th is establishment. The fim act of the trustees appears to have been to waive the condition of the site and to consent to the removal of the museum from the Manor House at Chelsea to any proper place, so as the said collection be preserved entire without the least diminution or separation, and be kept for the use and benefit of the public, with free access to view and peruse the same at all seated and convenient seasons. For the Act pro vided that the collections should only remain there until a general repository should be provided for the same, after which the Manor House of Chelsea wa3 to follow the general disposition of Sir Hans Sloane's landed estate. The preamble of this statute ran in the following terms I Whereas the said museum or collection of Sir Hans Sloane is of much greater intrinsic value than the sum of twenty thousand pounds, and whereas all arts and sciences have a connection with each other, and discoveries in natural philosophy and other branches of speculative knowledge for the advancement and improvement whereof the said museum or collection was intended, or and may in many instances give help and success to the most useful experiments and inventions.

Therefore to the end that the 3aid museum or collection may be preserved and maintained, not only for the inspection and entertuiument of the learned and curious, but for the general use and benefit of the public, Parliament covenanted to pay for it the sum oi 20.000 to the trustees, and the Act we have already described became the law of the laud But this Act did much more. Powers were obtained to remove to a general repository the Cotton MSS remaining "at Cotton House in Westminster in a narrow little room, damp and improper for preserving the books and papers in danger of perishing, and not made sufficiently useful to British subjects and all learned foreigners also to purchase the Harlcian Collection of MSS. for 10,100, to be placed at the same repository with the Cottonian Library. The Act created about forty trustees for these several collections, and incorporated them by the name of "The Trustees of the British Museum," and gave powers to provide a general repository, to which the said museum or collection of Sir Hans Sloane, all its branches, shall be kept and preserved together in the said general repository wdiole and entire, and with proper marks of distinction, and to which free access to the said general repository and to the collections therein contained shall be given to all studious and curious persons at such times and in such manner as the trustees shall appoint." The Act also legalised the lottery to raise 300,000 for these purposes. There were to be 100,000 tickets of 3 each, of which 4,159 were to he fortunate ticket," givine prizes as follows I of 10,000, 1 of 5,000, 1 of 2,000, lo of 1,000, of 130 of 100.

1,000 of J0, and 3.000 of 10, or a total of 99.00&. The Arch bishop, the Lord Chancellor, and the Sneaker were appointed the managers to see fair play, and the lottery was drawn in Guildhall on November '2H, loJ, wagets on the chaocea of the drawing of tickets being specially prohibited. The reply, Haruy (York) will appear next week. (1583) Oeakhe Blossoms Bairns. The use of blossoms of Cllrw for bridal wear appears to have had iu origin in certain qualities or emblematic fitness The delicious fragrance and pine beauty of these Bowers, contrasting with their polished foliage, and gracing the tree at the time with green and with orange fruit of the preceding year, render it one of the most elegant of plant-." Lord Ly ttel ton, in his "Monody," describes "the suit bosom of Campania's vale," where The verdant Orange lifts its beauteous head From every branch the balmy flowerets rise, On every bough the golden fruits are see): V.

ith odours sweet it fills the smiling skies. Moore depicts a scene Beneath some Orange trees, hose fruit and blossoms in the 'breeze ere WalllomiiL' trvotiier frco Like age at play with infancy. And Sotheby writes of Au Orange Tree Sweet is the vernal rose That scents the morning gale And sweet, at daylight's close, The silver lily blows, Filling with fragrant breath the dewy vale. They ihmrish and decay They bloom and blooming fade, Leaf after leaf fades, falls, and dies away. Thy morning, like thy day, Beholds thee gifted with perpetual growth, Thee, jhild and mother both And every season 3weet, Spring, summer, autumn, not in slow advance, Nor singly thee, with separate offerings greet.

Hut like the V. races, that in linked dance Join hand in band, and wreathe their mingled feet, itn au tneir treasures all at oree endower The golden fruit, jreen leaf, and sdver flower Dr. Brewer, in his Dictionary of Phrase and Fable," says: The Saracen brides used to wear orange blossoms as au euioiem 01 recunditv and the same emblem may have been worn by European ever since ine lime ot liic UrusaOcs but the general adoption ot wreaths of orange blossoms fur lt, wunjaiamuj a uioueru practice, uue especially to the recent taste for flower language The subject of bridal decorations beinir made i study, and the orange flower beini; found suitable txcm tne use made of it by the ancieut Saracens. was introduced by modistes as a fit ornament for Dnaes. 1 no notion once planted soon became custom, now very general, adopted by all brides wad suniy ine conventions of society aud follow the accepted fashions.

There tire other liw sfivejml n.nHitirtt ten cms ocautaniiy Iragraul cr. Matuon (York fl.m:Y (York) also contributes an answer. I Pkts Thn rusincrs (old IOl'ikI Regiment) formerly had a i-igei as a icgimentai pet. 1 1 came about in this in tlic not season of lSo'J two officers of the saucers-Laptaius Chaffy and Thackweil -wnile on a shooting expedition in the Terai. cuiuneieii a line iimess with fiil.o the tieress.

but not. 1.. i severely la era ted Captain Thack well's arm so severely indeed, as to rentier amputation necessary the operation, unhappily, resulting in the death of the ui.iurcunaie oniccr. I he two cubs were captured and taken to Lucknow, whore they used to play about the 5th Lancers' mess. One, however, choked himself with a lump of raw meat which he had purloined.

The surviving cub was presented vwui snarly to the Madras Fnailiera, who www mm tne name ot l'lassev, and constituted him their regimental pet. Plassey became very amc, and oa most friendly terms with the men He lived at the officers' mess! and when allowed to be at large he amuse, hunself Ly stalking a small donkey whmh was won to wander about the mess compound He was also introduced to an antelope and a dog with whom be lived amicably hile The remmen remained India. fiasaey accompanied tl omg granted a free passage bv captains or uer Majesty's ships Jumna and Himalaya. Two young leopards and his ekS ally were his fellow-passengers. Plassey lam ed SSttmUSfSR 'rer' Suitable quarters were provided for him in the main fosse of the citadel beneath the officers' mess Plassey lived a happy life with his Wend the dog, his personal groom who fel and looked Z.

At meal i-iassey aUowed the dog to ive the first. out when he thought Comnttninn K-wl esid anTL ro Wm ShiS esuapea and be roaming about thp tBm 1 a UUI uue writer ti 1 particulars whom AIHIVH affectionate remcmbranc invariably welcomed with flassev difil at m. head and ifto i 7 vc tne omcers mem of SrretstTnHa.d frU9 -Rcntisnow A. H. (York lUdla Ryllubhn Fusiliers.

TO CORRESPONDENTS. twenty-two caraU ox pure gold, nd two parts of in the col'jt During a Grand Council of Ministers at the Sublime Porte, and in the midst of the discussion ou a subject of vital importance, a mounted mecssenger from the palace arrived, bearing an impei ial order to the Grand Vizier to wait upon his Majesty without an instant's delay. The Council broke up, and the Grand Vizier proceeded to the palace in hot haste. There he was in formed that the Sultan was in the garden impatiently awaiting his arrival As he entered, he saw his Majesty standing with a few attendants intently watching a fight between two gamecocks. The Grand Vizier, following the custom of all Turkish subjects when approaching the august presence, stopped at a respectful distance and commenced the series of salaams with downcast eyes and shrinking attitude appropriate to the occasion.

Never mind that now," exclaimed his Majesty excitedly, but come here directly. Look see what did I tell you? Did I not say that Acmet" pointing to one of the cocks would whip Assam Look, he is doing it And this was what, and all, the Sultan had to communicate to his Grand Vizier. Murray' ifaijazme. NAMES AND NICKNAMES. A recently published treatise on English Surnames" contains many statements like the follow ing Tyrwhitt, in his edition of Chaucer, says that in Chaucer's time the use of surnames was probably not fully established among the lower class of people whereupon a later editor remarks that even now, in the nineteenth century, such names are not fully established in some pai t3 ot England.

ery few of the miners ot Stafford shire heae the names of their fathers. The editor knows a pig dealer whose father's name was Johnso.i, but the people call him Pigman, and Pigman he calls himself. The name may now be seen over the door of a public house which this man keeps iu Staffordshire. Among the colliers it is common for tne same man to have, without any sinister inteution, a double set of names, as John Smith and Thomas Jones but it must not lie imagined that they are meant for every-day use. They are a kind of best names, which, like Sunday clothes, are brought out only on special occasions, as at christenings and marriages.

For ordinary purposes they use no appellative except a nickname Nosey, Soaker, or some thing equally elegant aud this nickname is employed, not by their neighbours alone but by their wives and children, and even by themselves. A correspondent of "Knight's Quarterly Magazine" says: "I knew an apothecary in the colberies who, aa a matter of decorum, alwavs entered the real names of his patients in his books that is, when he could ascertain them. But they stood there only for ornament tor use he found it necessary to append the sobriquet, which he did with true medical formality as, for instance, 4 Thomas Williams, mlijo diet, Old A story is told of an attorney's clerk who was employed to serve a process on one of these oddly named persons, whose real name was entered in the instrument with legal accuracy. After much vain inquiry the clerk was on the point ot abandoning his search when a young woman kindly volunteered to assist him. Oy say, Buliycd," she cried to the first person they met, docs thee know a men neamed Adam Green?" The bullhead was shaken in token of ignorance.

Lay -abed, Stumpy, Gowskin, Spmdleshanks, Cock-eye, and Pigtail were severally invoked, but without success, and the querist fell into a brown study. Suddenly her eyes brightened, and slapping one of her companions on the shoulder, slu: exclaimed triumphantly, Dash my wig whoy, he means moy feyther and thm, turning to the lawyer' clerk, she added, You should'u a.vd for Oue Blackbird IjJENEUAL queries. (1.7S0) Salaki.es OS Colonial Govuknoks. Is it not a fact that quite princely salaries are paid some of cur Colonial Governors, and even in cases where the Colonies are poor large sums are in thin way? I should like a few instances. Colonial (Northallerton).

(1590) "God Bless thk Duke ok Argylk" How did this saying originate and what does it really mean? Midland Counties (Doncaster). (lo91) A GliEAT Slave Dealek. in a book I was reading the other day incidental reference was made to one L'ed ro Blanco, a great man in the slave trade, who is reported to have made an enormous fortune out of the Ira the. Can anyone furnish a few particulars oi his career AFiGASD2 (York). GENERAL ANSWERS.

15SI) The TBSmmaOBKOL The invention of the thermometer marks an epoch iu science, for it a lone lias permitted of obtaining a knowledge ot tne laws that govern calorific phenomena, ihe tirst idea of it is perhaps due to the celebrated Van rieimout, who devised au apparatus which, to use his worlj, was to prove that the water contained in a uulb attached to a hollow rod rise3 or descend according to the temperature of the surrounding medium." In the seventeenth century the necessity of an apparatus adapted for measuring the difference of the temperatures was so greatly felt that. Caiileo, Bacon, Scarpi, Fludd, Borelli, and other scientists of the epoch devoted themselves in this direction to researches that were not always crowned with success. It was not till 1G21 tiiat wc find a beginning of the solution in the experiments of a Dutchman, Cornelius Van DrebbeL This physicist's thermometer consisted of a tube filled with air, closed at its upper extremity and dipping at its other extremity whicli was" open in a bottle containing nitric acid diluted with water. According as the external temperature rose or fell the aii in the tube increased or diminished in volume, and consequently the liquid descended or rose. 1 his instrument, called the raeudurc vifrum (indicating glass) by its inventor, constituted what has since been called an air thermometer but, as its graduation was based upon no definite uraicinle it was incapable of furnishing any comparable reading About 10o0 the members of the Accademia del Cimeuto, at Florence, introduced nto the thermometer certain improvements that gayt; it nearly the form that it has to-day ami its principle based upon the expansion of liquids.

I lie tube was tilled with coloured alcohol. In order to graduate it, it was taken to a cellar and the place was marked where the liquid came to a rest. Then, starting from this, the portions situated above and below the mark were divided into one hundred equal parts, As may be seen, it was impossible with such a system to construct two instruments that should Aievextiieiess, was ine only apparatus mat was inane use or lor Halt a century. Finally 111 tne latter part- or tne seventeenth ceuturv, the physicist Kenaldiui, of Pisa, a professor of Padua, proposed that all thermometers shoul.l tjikf tli freezing degree of water as a fixed point aud, as a secunu u.xea mat to which alcohol rises in a time dipping in melted butter, the intervening space to be divided into equal parts. From this epoch, then, dates the present thermometer, and the first instrument due to this innovation dates back to 1701.

This was 1.. structed by Newton, and was the first thermometer giving comparable readings that had been devised. The liquid that he adopted was linseed oil, which is capable of supporting a higher temperature than alcohol without boiling, and his fixed point of graduation for the upper limit was the heat of the human body, and for the lower, the point at which the oil stops at the moment of its congelation A search soon began to be made for a thcrmometric agent other than oil which was too feebly expanded by heat and which con geals at but a slightly elevated temperature and, tn 1714, Gabriel Fahrenheit, of Dantzig, almost completely solved the problem in the construction of the thermometer that now bears his name. This was immediately adopted in Germany and Englandwhere it is stUl employed aud was introduced into France. But about 1730 scientists gave preference to the one that Reaumur had jnst devised.

Finally, in 1741, Celsius, a professor at Upsal, constructed the iustrumcnt called the centigrade thermometer. The three last named instruments are the ones most commonly used, and differ only in the graduation of each. Berths (Middlesbrough). Hakkv (York) also sends an answer. (1582) The British Museum.

Iu the year 1753 Sir Hans Sloane, was a very old physician, who lived in the Manor House uear to old Chelsea Church, where his monument an urn embraced by serpents erected to his memory by his daughters, may still be seen. He was the president of the College of Physicians aud founder of the Apothecaries' Gardens, and he gave his uaraes to Sloane-street and Haus-place. Sir Hans Sloane bought this house from Lord Cheyne and it was bequeathed by him to Lord Cadogan who married his daughter, and in this house to employ the words of the Act of Parliament (26 George cap. 22), he had through the course of many years, with great labour and expense, gathered together hMij 1 cured, either in our own or foreign countries will, in which he expressed a desire that his collec tion, in all its branch lec 5 JfiElS enure in his Manor Houa in Chelsea." Tk ii nouse the parish ot vueisea. The coliecUou.

or Museum!" aa it The complaints registered in the Report of the Commissioners in Lunacy, concerning Menston Lunatic Asylum, near Ukley, certainly reflect upon the manner in whicli that very large and costly institution has been designed and fitted up. Whether the blame, if any, falls upon the architect or the Commit tee of West Riding Magistrates who superintended its erection, or Upon the magistrates generally, we unable to say. The buildings have been constructed upon such a scale, at such ft great cost, and with so much deliberation, it might Lave been thought that nothing desirable to be done would be forgotten or omitted. Ycl it is now complained that the corridors are not ai tificially heaicd that cn the day the uoce was made they were veiy cold, and that the health of the patients must be affected thai there is no church aid no peiLianent chaplain that no steps appear to hdve been taken for the erection of a detached hospital that there is no fire brigade, and consequently the attendants get no instruction in putting out a fire, should one arise that there is no male attendants' mess and recreation room that there is no telephonic cominunicat'on between the wards and the medical officers' quarters that the shops are not of much use, yet, in giving employment to patients, tve All those are serious matters, ami they do not exhaust the list of con-plaints. We are assured by SSir George Elltot that a safe explosive for use in coal mines has been found.

If this proves to be quite true, it will be an immense boon to all employed in that somewhat difficult and dangerous industry. The public will probably receive the announcement with a certain amount of incredulity, because Professor Tvxpu.l and other experts been of opinion that it is impossible to produce an explosive which shall be safe. If it be true however, that the newly-named ammonite will not explode under tremendous pressure and concussion that bullets may be fired into it with impunity that sticks of it, may be used as pokers and stirred about in a blazing fire but that when purposely fired under water it produces artificial geysers 170 feec high and that it breaks stone and metal, and in every way acts as an explosive under pe: "ect control, it does seem as if Sir Geokge Elliot were right. Accidents more or less frequent and serious attend the construction of all great engineering works, and from this rule the Manchester Ship Canal is, unfortunately, no exception. The death of the Contractor, rendering it expedient for the Company to complete itself an under taking, at the time but half carried through, has added greatly to the cost of the works, and has involved the raising of much more capital than was originally deemed necessary.

That is, in itself, a serious matter, for it necessarily renders it impossible that the shareholders the ordinary shareholders can ever earn such dividends as would been enjoyed with a smaller capital On the other hand, it is scarcely to be regarded as a misfortune, except from a purely temporary lioint of view, that the Corporation of Manchester, in rendering themselves responsible for the additional capital required, should have set their faces against the payment of interest to shareholders out of capital. But the double misfortune at Ellesinere Port, whers two embankments successively raised within twenty-four hours have collapsed, means additional serious expense and delay to that which has been already incurred. Not the least interesting feature of the very successful review of Volunteers and regulars on Saturday, was the representation afforded of the cycling element, which may now be said to have taken a permanent place in the military organization of the country. We are reminded, in the current number of the strand Magazine, that it was in "1 88G, or somewhat less than four years ago, that the Duke of Camekidge, at the Dover review, expressed himself somewhat incredulously as to the utility of a military cycling corps, and, pointing to the ascent to St. Radigund's Abbey from the valley of the Dour, said he doubted if any cyclist could mount that hill on his machine.

Mr. Rvckek at once set off to perform the feat, and great was the duke's astonishment on inquiring, a little later on, Is that man Iwck to find the question answered by Mr. Rvcker himself, who had accomplished the apparently impossible task. Very creditable, very creditable was his royal Highnes's brief but emphatic comment. The duke now firmly believes in military cycling, and there can be no question about its economy.

The Germans are so pleased with the very cordial reception accorded to their Emperor in this country, that it will be a thousand pities should anything occur to wound their amour propre iu other relationships with this country. And yet news reaches us from Hamburg which indicates that the temper of our German neighbours is now undergoing something like a trial, or test. Germany, as everybody knows, although even newer as a naval Power than as the leading military State, is nevertheless developing her resources and strengthening her defences in this respect with all possible rapidity. Germany, in short, is somewhat of a naval Power, and means to be much more so. How difficult the Germans find it to overtake us in acquatic matters, may be judged of from the fact that at the Hamburgh International Amateur Regatta, the other day a very important annual event the three most important trophies were carried off by British crews.

Special interest centred in the magnificent Hammonia prize, a silver drinking-horn, worth 3,000 marks, which had in two previous consecutive years been carried off by the Thames Club andis now brought to thcThames to stay in this country, being thus won for the third time in succession. The Germans seem to be taking their defeat very good naturedly, though at the same time sorely disappointed. They find they cannot imitate the graceful, steady, swinging stroke of the British oarsmen. But no wonder for it was not the Teutons, but their Scandinavian cousins who produced the Vikiues of a t.h "iiuse oiooo, mixed with that of the Saxons and Angles, gives the English their proud uperiority to-day. ut ai oa any packet isa ruraaWo.