New Pittsburgh Courier from Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania • Page 10

IMfift 1 cA'3ft gfgTgW KlY I I rt nr. THP Main Office 2G'i8 Center Avenue, at Francis Str: et Telephone MAyflower t401 Pittsburgh. Published at Pittsburgh et ery Saturday by THE PITTSBURGH COURIER PUBLISHING COMPANY. SUBSCRIPTION RATES: $3 Per Tear' in Advance, tt Per Six Months Advance. Single Copy PHILADELPHIA OFFICE 1708 Street LONDON OFFICE Gorringe's Travel and News Agency, Ld '17 Green SU Leicester Square.

London. W. C. 2 Entered a second clajs matter at the Pittsburgh Post Office. May 10 1910.

under tin Act of March 1879 Incorporated Under the Laws of Pennsylvania, 1910 Th Largest Audited and Proved Circulation of Any Colored Newspaper In America. Circulation Audited as of May 1. 1930. by Applebaum A C. A.

(Member of the Pennsylvania Society of Certified Public Accountants). Vational Advertising Represfntatives: W. B. ZIFF CO. 608 S.

Dearborn Chicago, DI. Kansas City, Mo. Rochester. N. Y.

New York. N. St. Louis. Mo.

Y. NOTICE TO ALL SUBSCRIBERS: Date of expiration of your subscription is stamped on yvur address wrapper each week. This is fori the purpose of giving yon constant notice of the date your substtription expires. Postal Regulations Require Payment in Advance of All Subscriptions. The Pittsburgh Courier does not guarantee either the use or return of unsolicited manuscript.

SATURDAY. APRIL 1. 19 S3 BEER COMES BACK ONGRESS has passed and President Roosevelt has signed the 3.2 per cent beer! bill. Thus, after an absence of thirteen years and nearly three months, legal beer will flow again on April 7th from the epigots of the nation. In its campaign platform last year the Democratic party pledged beer.

President Roosevelt and the Democratic party keep their word. There was some discussion as to the proper alcoholic content of the new beer, and whether or not it should be sold to minors under the age of sixteen. These questions were happily settled without much debate. The Democratic steam roller rolled perfectly and the Dry lobby was ignominiously routed. This is the first step in eliminating one of the most vexatious questions facing this nation: Prohibition.

Conceived in fanaticism and the spirit of interference with individual liberty, it fanned the flames of crime for thirteen years, demoralizing youth and undermining the foundations of the nation. Now the bootlegging racket has been dealt i i a i a i 1 1 a. I sr 1 1 A a oouy mow wun me legalization oi peer uiu ugut wines. This is but a sample of the progressive legislation the new Democratic administration plans. We have already noted the miracle wrought in banking, balancing the budget and aiding the farmer, and all in three short weeks.

These constructive steps have come so rapidly that we have almost forgotten the late Mr. Hoover. MAX YERGAN I AX YERGAN has won the 18th Spingarn Medal for being "a missionary of intelligence, tact and self sacrifice representing the gift of co operation and culture which American Negroes may send back to the Motherland." Mr. Yergan, a capable, highly intelligent man, drserves the honor. He represents a fine type of American Negro of whom we hear all too little.

Mr. Yergan has gone willingly and hopefully to work among the oppressed natives of South Africa, the most color phobic country in the world, where 5,200,000 natives are forced to occupy but 14 per cent of th? land while 1,700,000 whites occupy 86 per cent of the land; a country where the black man enjoys no rights that a white man is bound to respect; where the position of the native serins almost hopeless. Mr. Yergan nas gone there without ballyhoo or fanfare of trumpets to instill a new spirit into the depressed black people, to give them new hope and energy to struggle against tremendous odds. Already his work has borne fruit.

The Negroes have developed new pride and confidence by his example and the white people of liberal tendencies have been encouraged to carry on with renewed effort the battle for elemental rights and privileges for the aborigines. Africa men like Max Yergan. There ought to be more of his type, eager and willing to give up some of the comforts of life in the United States and go forth to the distant lands of Africa to help the Africans help themselves. Aframerica eds more men like Max Yergan right here to infuse American Negroes with the newer spirit of intelligent, planned philanthropy. Our problems in some ways are as great as those faced by the African peoples.

We need more upstanding young men and women to study these manjr problems, formulate policies and put them into execution. Modern transportation and communication have drawn the most distant corn rs of the together. Not only does the modern temper require us to better our condition here, but to help those far away of our own color and sharing many of our problems. JEWISH POGROMS IN GERMANY EAL.OUS of the financial, mercantile, artistic and scientific achievements of its 600.000 Jews, Hitler's Germany has launched a campaign of terrorism against them, driving them from their jobs, beating them and killing them. One of the supposedly most enlightened countries of the world, Germany has suddenly descended to the murderous level of reactionary Poland and Roumania in its persecution of the Chosen People.

What is to be learned from this regrettable spectacle? In the first place, the fact is brought home to us that no matter how literate and well schooled the people of a country may be, the mob psychology can be whipped up by conscienceless and ambitious propagandists. The masses can be easily inflamed against a minority group anywhere whenever unscrupulous leaders will it. American Negroes need always to keep this in mind and not lapse into any false sense of security. We must be eternally vigilant We must keep our defense well organized and prepared to go into action on all front where our citizenship rights are threatened. Right bow we are virtually unprepared.

We do not adequately upport the National Association for the Advancement of Co0f M4 Peopli, our one efficient defense organization. Even I I i WORLD'S EYES FOCUSED ON ALABAMA II Byv HoIIoway i'k 3b I i during times of crisis we contribute only grudgingly to it. It is interesting to note how efficient, smoothly running defense machines enable the Jews to bring pressure on the Hitler government. Last week three resolutions were intro ducd in the U. S.

House of Representatives protesting against the German anti Semitic pogroms. Congressmen vied with each other to serve the Jewish, people in their hour of adversity. Why? Because the Jews are powerful. And they are powerful because they are organized. Four million American Jews have more influence on Congress than twelve million Negroes, not just because they have votes and know how to use them, but because they are able to bring financial and commercial pressure to bear on those who oppose them.

Already they have caused German commercial firms to lose millions of dollars of business at a time when it is badly needed their control of newspapers and magazines they are moulding public opinion against Germany. In the end the Nazis will back down, just as Henry Ford backed down. The Jews have the kind of organization that is hard to beat. Negroes can learn much by watching the methods of the Jews and emulating them. HELP THE SC0TTSB0R0 DEFENSE IlE Scottsboro Defense is being hampered by lack of tiitifc Tn Toe a liaiia So on Iniii 1 nnn a Vu avrcs IOiiS surely convicted again, and this time they The trial has been shifted to Decatur, but that town is but a replica of Scottsboro, and the temper of the white people is little different from that of their brethren in the neighboring community.

Already there are troops in Decatur to guard against what are called, euphemistically, "eventualities." The unreconstructed white people of Alabama feel that it is not the nine Scottsboro boys, but the State of Alabama and Southern "peculiar institutions" which are on trial. They wish to continue those "peculiar institutions." They are incensed at world criticism. They are on the defensive. If they suffer a defeat, the morale of all color prejudiced, exploiting Southern whites will be shaken and the hands of justice and right will be strengthened. Help in the form of is needed to strengthen those hands and protect the Negro from legalized mob murder.

The white lawyers defending the Scottsboro boys are contributing their services. Negroes should at least the International Labor Defense to defray the necessary expenses incident to the trial. Homely Philosophy By QMOB.G1A DOVOLAM JOtmOW IN YOUR ENEMY'S HEART If you could look into your enemy's heart and read the secret history written there, you would not pass even him by in cold disdain, oh no, for you would know his hidden hurts and silent grief, and, would be at once disarmed of all hostility. BELOW THE r.lASO DlXGf LINE Bj JESSS THOUAS I rctusivefy te The Wihurgh I finally got back to the Gate City after traveling a distance of 6.227 miles; speaking to school children, in colleges and high schools; enjoying the hospitality of the people at public banquets, private homes, and talking with unemployed white and colored wage earners In large cities, small towns and rural districts. The consideration given Negroes is conditioned by his participation in the relief program.

In tie cities where there are Negro social workers. Negroes get more consideration than they do where there are no social workers. While in addition to having social workers, there is a Negro Advisory Committee co 0 rating with Vim antral organ ization, they receive more considera tion than they do where their participation is limited to employed workers. In cities where Negroes are members of the Central Committee, Negroes fare better than they do in tire two above describee situations. In many of the larger I ciues mere 13 uo egru representa tion in tne program axing department of the relief organization; not even an affiliated or advisory committee.

This sliows conclusively, that the Negro leadership can do a lot to enhance his status. One of the regretful and unfortunate elements in the whole set up, is the almost complete absence of any tie end on the part of the younger element of Negroes. That is, the present day college man Is not tied up into collective leadership and identification with community wide leadership commensurate with his training and ability. He seems to be the victim of an isolated complex. As the old men are falling out their places are left vacant in too many instances, which means that the gap between the races in the later years, in many communities, is widening instead of closing.

We share with the Negro citizenry of San Antonio, the shock that has come as result of the death of Mayor Chambers. He told me personally, that his elecUon during the last campaign was due to the fact that the majority of the 4,900 registered Negro voters in the city representing the balance of power, casted the decisive vote for him. The Negroes are permitted to participate in the primary in the city cf San Antonio through which means they help to select, as well as elect publio officials. On this account, Negroes get more consideration politically, perhaps, than in any other city in this whole Mayor Chambers did not forget the Negro voter after he had taken his oath of office, as many politicians have frequently done. He assumed the same attitude toward Negro citizens in administrative matters, in his public utterances even during the heat of his campaign as he assumed toward other people.

San Antonio has long since been one of the exhibit A's of the difference in the status of a group of voting and voteless people. We hope that his successor will be the same type of man. All prophets are not "without honor" in their own home. In Marshall, Texas, my traveling companion, T. Arnold Hill, was made jealous of the fact that I was given a lot of special courtesies that were not rendered him, because I was in the home town of my fifteen sixteenth (Mrs.

Thomas). Because I was her husband, I received more 'special consideration" than was true of any other place visited; and the people did not hestiate to remind me that "we are doing this on account of Nell." The Tampa Negro Hospital has greatly inreased in its equipment and status under the superinten dency of Dr. G. W. P.

Johnson. In a recent letter from Dr. William D. Cutter, a representative of the American Medical Association of Chicago, and member of the Council on Medical Education and Hospital, the following statement occurred: "Dr. Arestad, our representative, believes your hospital is worthy of a place in the A.

M. A. register of hospitals, which was published in tbe Journal of March 25. How Wall Street Got Name Wall Street in New Tork received its name from the fact that in the time of Peter Stuyvesant a palisade or wall was built across Manhattan along that line to protect the Dutch Colonists from a theat ened British attack. The wall was removed before 1700, but the street along it has ever since been called Wall Street.

Anyway, the country knowa a man in the White House is working on the job. Roossvelt in a 72 word message to Congress demanded beer "Right Now!" That's real action. Our leaders must emulate some of his swift actions and decisions. Knowledge is power, super power. wisdom is BUO.inEDC and COMMERCE By WILLIAM OCOOMV Social Connrf in Buslne Out of the maze of news, report, proclamations, bills and moratoria.

the question of the social control of business stands out pre eminently. Although there is some confusion about the meaning of social control, yet economists generally restrict the term to mean the imposition of external agencies in regulating the activities of business enterprises. Governments, courts, newspapers, pulpits and public opinion exert a tremendous influence on the scope and nature of business activities. Probably the most powerful agency, that of the government, which voices the sentiment the dominant element in the population, is of paramount importance. Social control of business is largely on the Increase because recent investigations have revealed that a few bankers have misused and misapplied the funds entrusted to their care.

Chairman Mitchell of the National City Bank of New York City and Chairman Fields of the Continental Illinois Trust Company of Chicago have recently resigned their posts. Fields is under Indictment, while Joseph W. Harriman, chairman of the board of the Harriman Bank and Trust Company, was arrested "in his bed at his home" on March 14. In addition to these developments, the President used extraordinary powers, granted to him to close the banks and institute an emergency scheme of exercising centralixed governmental control over the banking functions of the country. These events Indi cate the rapid growth and extension Oi.

the paramount agency of social control of business, that of the government. While some have deplored such exercise of national authority and have branded it as being socialistic and paternalistic, yet it is in being. There are measures now in the making to maintain a more definite centralized banking system, and there is intent on the part of the governmental authorities to prosecute those bankers who have unduly speculated with funds entrusted to their care. Interpretations There are several interpretations which may be placed on these events, but only two will be mentioned. The first is that the old order of private banking has passed and that there will be a new, unified and centralized system of banking.

It has taken America many decades to learn the value of having unified system. This scheme of banking. In addition to having the four features mentioned in a previous discussion in the column, would maintain a national guaranty deposit fund to insure deposits. Since the exercise of Federal control is growing, it is logical to assume that the idea of regulation will extend to other fields of endeavor. Perhaps in time many of the activities now being conducted by the Better Business Bureaus will be handled by the Federal authorities.

Instead then of there being a decrease in national activities, civil functions and multitudinous bureaus, there will be a gradual increase of them, for every time the government seeks to control an activity it must establish and operate the means of exercising the newly acquired regulative power. These events may be Interpreted as meaning the growth and extension of governmental authorities, powers and agencies, particularly over business activities. In addition to the growth of governmental powers, these events signify that there will be established a closer relation between the citizen and the government. He will look to it as his protector and guardian. Thus, there will be the ejaaergence of a greater degree of paternalism, which is the antithesis of democracy.

It is too early in "the history of events to explain the good or the evil effects of such a situation. The nationalist, with his array of facts showing the complexity of our social order and civilization would present sound reasons why it Is advantageous. On the other hand, the decentralist pr states' rights proponent or democratic individualist would show the impending evilsv It is to be remembered that every time the state augments its powers the individual loses that amount of power acquired by the state. The old question arises, of which Is the more important, the Individual wolf within the pack or the pack? Which Is better, a powerful central government with a submerged and passive citizenry or a mild central government having within it a strong, vig orous, individualistic citizenry? Business Study Club What is meant by social control in business? What is the paramount agency of social control and give reasons why this exists? What and why do you advocate: More social control in business or less social control in business? Topio A centralized banking system for the United States. Which is more advantageous for the Negro: Greater social control in I business or lesser social control? How Asbestos Is Woven Asbestos is a mineral and is incombustible.

Tbe fibers can be woven into cloth. Usually about 5 per cent of cotton is added to increase strength and ease of Believed Jones Tou know that building lot ybu sold me at Wlldcatville? Real. Estate Man (paling) yes! 1 Jones Wen. I can't find it. Real Estate Man Oh, Is that all? 1 Tou scared me.

3 1 thought you had. miWMIAL BJ Our white friends re ever on the alert to discover son. ne tor egreg.Una; blaik! people. Science is now being brought rescue. According to1 Dr.

J. O. Stefanopoulo of the Pasteur who has recenUJr been conducting a study of yellow fever la Guinea, the Ivory Coast, Senegal, the French Soudan and rper vJ the blacks are a menace to the whites and should be sej.aratM tO them because Negroes are carriers of the yellow fever the blacks, it is contended, the effect of the disease is slight, mosquito biting one of these mildly infected Negroes will ransmiis, disease to white people in its most virulent form. It strikes me that ths aolutlon of the problem, if such it simple. All that the white people have to do is to stay out ot and the danger of contracting yellow rever wiu oe greauy ieaBt There is ioim truth in the learned doctor's contention, but Zy justifie separation of th two faUd races.

It Is a fvt tui African natives 'suffer hut slightly from malaria and yellow UmA have seen a native porter contract malaria one day and after of chUla, fever and violent shaking underneath a half doben bUn be in line the next morning with a 75 pound chop box on Kit let! have known a black foreman on the Firestone plantations to eontt the fever in a violent form and three or four days later be bouinf gang of bush choppers as though he had never been ill. A doctM tached to the Rockefeller Institute of Tropioal Diseases nom one evening that this was not due to the race of the btt the fact that they had contracted the fever as infants and so bwjr, a' certain immunity. This is also true to an extent of the io etsA civiliaed Negroes in West Africa who were born there. Othrr Nip! from abroad are Just as susceptible to the fever as the foreign ictaJj i .1 4Am J. TC7 mm A tr i Colonel xoung cowracieu yuw ow.

uml atfl So did V. S. Minister Francis. I contracted malaria in the Liieria1 jungles and had a devil of a time getting rid of it and its ufter tg White people bom in the tropics who get the fever in inonf childhood are almost as immune as the natives black, rrd or 6ron They usually remain ill but a few hours or days and then ferl at fM as ever. It Is reported that Eisenstein, the great Russian film dirtctof.J going to produce a picture based on the life of Toussalnt L'0vrtan the great Haitian general, statesman and patriot.

This should grand picture If as well directed and produced as Eiscnatein'i masterpieces. All who have been thrilled by the story of ToumJti life will look forward with great expectancy to the plcturizatloi et Incidentally, Spring is here and nothing Is heard of the film, "BlmJ and White." True, our Communist friends say that arrangement! being made to produce it, but the arrangements seem to bs na; long drawn out. Over a year has now elapsed and still there li pk ture. Technical difficulties are said to have been ths cause of tht paevl nnnom.nt hut wa Tinvi nover bn abla la learn from our Commnrfk friends the exact nature of these difficulties. According to my friends, Messrs.

Moon and Poston, who jounupt to Russia with the group of alleged Negro actors Aired for the ptctu production was stopped because of the Soviet fear of ofTendlnf th white people of our dear country and thus holding up poseibl nan nitlon of the Russian regime by the United States. Singularly toottti while Messrs. Moon 1 ind Poston were full of information about matter upon their reti irn from the Communist paradise, they fa some 'reason refrained from writing or speaking publicly on the subject I wonder why. An Association Iress report from Philadelphia informs ut thai a recent at the Philadelphia College of Pharmacy, one Dr. hi Griffith stated: "Hair structurr is as important as language in differentiating the various races of men.

The more progressive races havt round, straight hair fibres, and the backward Taces, flattened and curly. Jt Is strange fact that no wooly nilrd people has ever ha I an important history." This statement doubtltss flattered the white audience eager to btlicn in Nordic supremacy. Bible students, however, will recall that Good Book in describing Qod refers to Him as having hair like trM wool. It seems to me that the Haitians have had a very impcrrU history, and it is generally conceded that both the Ethiopia Mi their proteges, the Egyptians, had hair that American Negroes call bad. The aboriginal inhabitants of India, the Dravidiant, certainly not a $tralght haired people until mixed with whites golians, and yen their civilization is reported to antedate that of Sth Ion, Media, Persia and China.

Almost all statues of Buddha she fcs with wooly haii, and I the Carthagenians were certainly not straigii haired, as revealed by the heads of Hannibal and other eminent eitiuv of Carthage onlold coins. The Italians would be the last to deck that their defeat by the wooly haired Abyssinians was not an imporb event in history. It islan established fact that it is not the textwttit, hair, but social and economic conditions that are responsible for development of people Every mail brings me letters from readers of this column expect a prompt reply and yet enclose 710 return, self addressed, itsaij envelope. I can see no reason why I should! spend three cents tot tnTriTV uA mv nrn nattm oni .1.1 timi. answer unsolicited correspondence.

And yet for some reason it spp5. that I am obligated to do so. I trust no one is so naive as to sup; the rewards of Negro journalism are so great that two or three toB worth of stamps a weik are of no moment. Many of my correspondents also send in manuscripts which request me to read and mail back to them accompanied by a crrtJd, of their work. Othersj ask me to suggest where they might sell work, and even, in soine instances, to try to market it for tbem.

variably no return postage is enclosed, although the cost of msiltol' manuscript usually ruia to nine or twelve cents. Such service requires time, and time emphatically means mas'! It requires at the very least an hour's time to read the average su script and type a criticism. One must earn an average of a csrtt amount of money each hour of the working day in order to meet penses, and yet it is evidently thought that I should, for some rej render this service free of charge, besides paying the return postal In the past two or three months I have received requests to i talks as far West as the Pacific Coast and from various polatJ between. Invariably it is expected that I make the Journey snd speech for the exact cost of transportation. Sometimes group sumctenuy magnanimous to offer ten or fifteen dollars.

This sort of thing reveals a uroriii and T. "CMver an aaaress which contain information oj rj to anyvoay requires a background of knowledge, skill and exper which is not acquired overnight, if an address is worth li tni and my literary judgment worth soliciting, I can see no reason I should be treated differently from a lawyer, a pharmacist, a a physician or an electrician. I have mentioned thi twice 'fore tne aemanas on my time and meagre talents have increased reason. I wish there were a greater appreciation of the writers and lecturers must also live. Velvet Paw Jack is so original.

He says things to. me that nobody else would dream of saying. May What's he been up to now, asking, you to marry him? Heh! Hen! Hen! "Come home with me and give your opinion of my loud speaker." "I would like to, but I have to meet my own at six 'clock." How Carbon Black Is The carbon black used in er's ink and on typewriter is a product formed froia plete combustion of illuinin gas. uww jwauny The preparation used to Fy smooth glossy, texture or paintiags Is poppy oil. mi turgeoUna.