The Atlanta Constitution from Atlanta, Georgia • 23

TV) 7 THE ATLANTA CONSTITUTION SECTION Thursday, Feb. 4, 1982 lennie Skutnik is honored for heroic deed in the Air Florida crash. Page 4-B. 'Sneakers' is magical in bringing the idea of confidence to kids. Page 11 -B.

Advice .3 Newsmakers 4 TodayTV 9 Movies -10 3 Monkeym hi i hhh.ijjiii 1.1 1 Richard Zogliri 1 imi" The study of rhesus monkeys may tell scientists something about human behavior and the effects of stress New Station Flying High At Night v''j' vr" I 'A. Sliliiiiiipll mm Fr- Above, Dr. Tom Gordon observes the bebavior of rhesus monkeys at the Yerkes Primate Center. At far left, some of the center's residents. At left, Dr.

Mark Wilson observes monkeys Inside the sheltered i rv By Roger Witherspoon Constitution Htollh and Sdtoct Writ UQ WAS IN a fighting mood. For all of her young life, she had been pushed around by AL, a 10-year-old female from another clan. That had been an ac-, ceptable thing to do: All adults routinely picked on all youngsters, regardless of their status in the tribe. But at 4, UQ was grown up, and it was time to assert herself over AL, who was, after all, a low-class monkey. So when AL walked by, UQ bared her fangs, growled and shoved.

The startled AL growled back, slapped at the young upstart, jumped across the stream and prepared for combat in the open field. UQ attacked, and for about 15 seconds, the air was rent with the screams and snarls of the two females. But then, the sheriff decided they had been disturbing the peace long enough, and broke it up. He never allowed long fights, and the two females would probably have to have a dozen short battles over the next few weeks before they set-tied the question of who would be boss. Thus is rank established in a tribe of rhesus monkeys.

UQ and AL are citizens of a 75-member tribe' of rhesus monkeys that has been under observation by teams of behavioral scientists and medical researchers at the extensive field station of the Yerkes Primate Center in Lawrenceville. There are some 400 monkeys and apes in ent colonies at the field station, living and breeding in outdoor compounds or on two small islands in the midst of a lake. Dozens of experiments are conducted with the colonies and individual monkeys who are given letter names for identification such as observations of the effects of stress on ovulation; and the ability of certain drugs to curb aggressive tendencies. But the, most extensive research involves the observation over a period of years of primate societies and these groups' ability to control aggression, maintain order, make and alter, piles' for living, establish social classes, and provide opportunities for upward mobility. The Yerkes researchers have found this type of society: There is a rigid "dominance structure" in which every monkey and family unit has to earn a "rank," or class position.

This structure establishes the pecking order, and the higher ranking individuals may pick on the lower ranking ones. Rank determines who shall eat first, who has the right of way or the favorite spot to sit in the sun, and the available partners for mating. Rank is established partially by one's ability to fight and partially by one's ability to develop alliances with other monkeys who will aid an individual under attack. The lowest ranking monkey will have to fend for itself during a fight, while a high-ranking monkey has several allies to accompany him into battle. All of the the males leave the tribe upon reaching maturity and Join a new tribe, apparently to prevent inbreeding.

Females stay with the tribe they are born into, developing a matriarchal society in which male young have the lowest rank. Yet, the adult males, upon entering their adopted tribe, are able to earn status and can climb as high as their "social skills" will permit Dr. Irwin Bernstein, a research professor of behavioral biology at Yerkes and a professor of psychology at the University of Georgia, said ''young males have low rank and few alliances because they are socially unskilled. They tend toward rough-and-tumble play, and this is not the type of behavior that wins friends. "They do not, it seems, know how to approach another monkey without seeming to be threatening and provoking a confrontation.

But as they learn and acquire these skills, their See YERKES, Page 2-B compound. (Staff Photos Bill Mahan) ATLANTA'S NEWEST TV station, WVEUChannel 69, is still bogged down in technical problems during the day, but its nighttime pay-TV operation is off to a flying start Channel 9 (or the Phantom Station, as it is known to some Atlanta viewers) was supposed to go on the air last summer wiUi a schedule of syndicated programming and reruns during the day, and STV (subscription television) programming at night But the station found that its signal was interfering with local two-way radio transmissions, and the Federal Communications Commission has forced it off the air during the day until the interference problem is cleared up. As of now, Channel 9 can broadcast at full power only after 7 p.m. weekdays, after 3 p.m. Saturdays and all day Because of these restrictions, Channel 69 is broadcasting free programming just one day a week Sundays from 7 a.m..

to 3 p.m. The rest of the week after 7 p.m. weekdays and after 3 p.m. Saturdays and Sundays the station is offering a pay-TV service called Superstar TV. Like Home Box Office and other cable services, Superstar TV offers a nightly schedule of "premium" entertainment, mostly recent movies.

They are transmitted over the air via a scrambled signal which can be unscrambled only by viewers who rent a special antenna and decoder box, for a monthly fee of $20.95. There is also a one-time installation charge of $49.95 and a refundable deposit of $25. In little over a month on the air, Superstar TV has signed up between 800 and 900 customers, according to sales and marketing manager Clyde A. Mur-chison, and has more on the waiting list a "super" start, he says. (Murchison's great uncle is Clint Mur-chison, owner of the Dallas Cowboys football team who has also been involved in other STV operations.

The elder Mur-chison, however, has no financial interest in Superstar TV, whose principal owner is a Marietta-based company called Dynacom International Inc. The pay-TV service is under separate ownership and management from the rest of Channel 69's operation.) STV channels have been most successful in cities that are not wired for cable. But surprisingly, 39 percent of the subscribers to Superstar TV are people who also get cable, Murchison says. Typically, they sign up for the basic (lowest-cost) cable package and supplement it with the STV programming. Why would cable subscribers pay $20.95 a month for Superstar TV when they can purchase a cable package like Home Box Office, Showtime or Movie Channel for only a month? The advantage, Murchison claims, is Superstar TV's larger selection of new movies each month about .60, compared with about 40 tor The Movie Channel, and somewhat less for Home Box Office and Showtime.

Among the movies on Superstar TVs February schedule are "Raging BulL" "Ordinary People," "Breaker Morant" and Murchison also points out that Super-' star TV is being programmed exclusively for the Atlanta audience. Plans are in the works to telecast live concerts from the Fox Theatre and the as well as some local sporting events. See ZOGUN, Page l-B "7 fit' mi iat if ii i i'iiK I mil rrniiiiriMM mm in it il Yerkes' Director Denies Animals Are Abused ARLIER THIS vear. a oroiect to breed I cleft palates in the offspring of 142 kevs at the Yerkes Primate Research Cen- or if they developed leprosy because they already had this defect "But the mangabey's immunological system is different from other species of monkey which is why they are the only ones that develop leprosy and it gives us the opportunity to study the immunological responses to leprosy." Two types of research are conducted at the center, behavioral studies, which involve observations of monkey activities; and physical research involving invasive surgical or medical experiments, "The first question to be considered when a project is proposed," said King, "is whether it is necessary to use the monkeys at all They are far too valuable to be wasted." Proposed projects are screened first by an in-house committee and King to determine if they are "scientifically significant" and will yield "clearly interpretable results." Projects must also provide for "humane procedures and comfort" for the animals; maximum, long-term research use of the monkeys; and the ability of the animals to continue breeding after the experiment is over. Animals severely injured or which receive terminal illnesses are given an overdose of anesthesia, King said.

Roger Witherspoon how these animals are selected, and what protection they're afforded. Dr. Frederick King, director of the center, said, "We do not abuse any animals here, nor do we conduct any research on a primate which isn't absolutely essential" Leprosy, for example, affects 10 million to 20 million people around the world. "In parts of equatorial Africa," he said, "one in 200 people develop leprosy." But one can't experiment on a disease by using people as guinea pigs, he said. "There is concern that the drug Dapsone, the most widely used drug in the treatment of leprosy, is losing its effectiveness.

The bacillis is becoming resistant to treatment in some places. "What we want to do is examine the development of resistant strains of leprosy, and find the best treatment we can. The only way to do that is with mangabey monkeys," King said. There are strains of mice which can be used to test for leprosy, and the armadillo is the only other animal which can contract the human's dis-: ease. But their physical structure is so dissimilar to that of humans, he said, that any test results would be suspect "People who develop leprosy," he said, "frequently have immunological defects though we do not know if the leprosy caused the defect, ter was prematurely terminated.

The monkeys with the mouth deformities were to be used by dental researchers, who would perfect new ways to treat such deformities in human children. But there were snags: Up to 15 percent of the fetuses developed other complications, and the babies died as a result of lung deformities. It was considered a sound project that did not work During the next few months, 10 mangabey monkeys of the Yerkes center will be injected with a specially cultivated bacillus, and subsequently develop leprosy. They and 20 other monkeys during the ensuing two years will be treated with various drugs some of which may cure them of leprosy or, at least hold it in remission. Others may die.

Researchers say it's necessary to infect 30 monkeys in hopes of acquiring knowledge that will help mankind. But these types of studies also draw the ire of a group such as Friends of Animals which claims it is wrong to inflict pain on an animal in the name of science. They raise the question of Igor Kipnis Plays That 'Archaic' Sound By Jerry Schwartz Conttltutlon Stiff Writer WEST REDDING, Conn. the place that a harpsichord is supposed to WEKNOV KNOW That crystalline, pinging sound belongs to tne fancy kissing ana lace handkerchiefs tucked Lra. concert Saturday with the Atlanta Chamber Orchestra' at jvett School It is the first time in at least five years that Atlanta has had an opportunity to hear an Important harpsichord soloist at all.

But in this case, Kipnis is performing three times, in three different settings. Certainly the most unusual will be his pearance at 12:30 p.m. Thursday in the Franklin Music record store at Lenox Square. Although many performers mostly popular musicians make record-store appearances, Kipnis will bring a harpsichord with him and plans to perform an hour or two of solo harpsichord music. Then at 12:45 p.m.

Friday, Kipnis will give a performance in the Recital Hall at Georgia State University and lecture on his specialty, the Age of Baroque. It is on Just this issue how 250-year-old Baroque music should be performed in 1982 that he expresses himself most strongly. The 20th century Kipnis is out to win over an audience that most classical performers never even consider. "I think I have a probably more liberal attitude on this than some of my colleagues mainly because I'm much more Interested in propagating the music and the instrument that I play for a wider public There are an awful lot of people who rather enjoy talking about the number of angels that can dance on the head of a pm or the number of trills that can be put in the same place. "But there are an awful lot of people rather more in iiitii: till jit Ifi i aililiii rli fmm illlll IfSSif i Afe5Si-' liiilWIIIlf gracefully into the velvet sleeves of royal gentlemen.

After all, the subtle, delicate harpsichord was written out of music almost completely after the piano' its robust cousin arrived on the scene in the late 18th century. The harpsichord was considered somehow old-fashioned ana out of style more than 100 years ago. And except for a sprinkling of 20th century pieces, virtually all of the important harpsichord music belongs to the Age of Baroque or the first few years of the Classical era. So it is something of a surprise to arrive at Igor Kipnis' rustic Connecticut home on a rainy fall day and find the man widely considered the world's foremost living harpsichordist working in a sleek, new two-tiered contemporary study bristling with the very latest 20th century electronic hardware. From the big projection television and video recording system that dominate the room, right down to the digital thermostat which blinks time aad temperature like a bank billboard, the Kipnis study clearly belongs to the 20th century.

In this setting, the huge red harpsichord and magnificent antique fortepiano (a precursor of the modern piano) tend to look a bit like elderly aunts at a rock concert But for Igor Kipnis, there is nothing anachronistic about the harpsichord or its music. Atlantans will have ample opportunity to hear the proof of that this week as Igor Kipnis comes to Atlanta for a series of performances leading up to an 8:30 A SlH HI0 Jwom AAcCltnHM See KIPNIS, Page Igor Kipnis: 'I'm Much More Interested In Propagating The Music And The A.