The Atlanta Constitution from Atlanta, Georgia • 6

RALPH McGILL EDITORIAL PAGES f- -JACK TARVl. Attochf tilt HAUH JONES, Atckf Ultv WILLIAM Associate tditot THE ATLANTA CONSTITUTION MONDAY, KY 3, 1948 CUM HOWILL, fmMtfft mn4 With H. H. UOTTI, Vfce fmMtitt ntf JusJmm Matwg HAUH McGILL, Hit Virgil-Vetch and Lupine Poets have always liked the farm. But, alas, most of them have sung of its landscapes, its hum of bees, its flowers, its Iambs.

Tariffs Keep Reciprocal The Republican Congress pretty soon will have to decide whether to extend the President's authority for making reciprocal trade agreements or again to force the nation into a shell of relative isolation. Every international move the United States has made since the war has hinged in some way upon the elimination of as many trade barriers as possible. As a prerequisite to the Marshall Plan we asked the participating countries to arrange for freer trade among themselves. We took the lead in international trade conferences which already have resulted in lowering of many tariff barriers. Even the United Nations itself is interested in unfettered How can this nation say to others that they should lower tariff barriers if we plan to drop our own program for reciprocat-' ing? The tariff "is nothing more or less than a subsidy paid by the consumers for the protection of American industry.

There can be little if any objection to preserving home industry that is of critical importance or economically sound. But consumers will object, and strenuously to paying higher prices in order to afford greater profits, or in order to keep alive an industry which is not economically suited to this country. Moreover, nearly all economists agree that the only way. to assist Europe and the world to recover is to purchase 'them goods. That is the only way the countries of Western Europe ever can repay us for the Marshall Plan loan.

Commerce never has been a one-way street. If we would sell what we manufacturewe must buy, what other nations can produce better or more cheaply than we. The objectors to. continuing reciprocal tariff agreements are chiefly from among the specialized interests. Virtually all big business is in favor of lowered tariffs.

The U. S. Chamber of Commerce likes the idea. The big labor organizations favor it Some dissent is found among agricultural groups, depending chiefly on whether their products rely on an export market. The United States has had one disastrous experience with high tariffs The Ha wley-Smoot tariff of the late 1920's virtually choked off our foreign trade, hastening and making more severe the world depression that followed.

It should be clear by now that we can 110 more live in economic isolation than we can live in political isolation. and its pastoral calm. Few have bothered with its sweat, its toil, its disappointments and its realities. Yet, one of the greatest didthe great Publiua Virgilius Maro himself Virgil, the master of his time. He wrote his "Georgics" as an encouragement to the farmers of his period who were lacking in knowledge as to proper farm procedures.

Virgil wrote before the tremendous event at Bethlehem he died 19 years before the coming of the Nazarene. BedinninOT have fund no more fascinating story than his tremendous epic poem on farming, which begins: "What makes cornfields happy, under what constellation It's best to turn the soil, my friend, and train the vine On the elm; the car of cattle, the management of flocks. The knowledge you need for keeping frugal bees: all this I'll now begin to relate. It is in four books, and the wisdom of it is sometimes startling. We think, for example, that we have achieved something.new in the planting of vetches, of rotating with the Austrian pea.

And blue lupine -well, of course, that is something new but lately come out of the patient researches in Florida? You think so? Book One Let us turn to Book ne in the translation of old Roman poet, written about 30 B. Now, to business: As soon as the first months of the year begin, your strong bulls Shoald turn the fertile loam and leave the clods lying For the full suns of Spring te break into a fine dust See, too, that your arable lies fallow in rotation, And leave the idle field alone to recoup its strength; Or else, changing the seasons, put 'down to yellow grain A field where before you raised the pea with Its rattling' pods Or the small-seeded vetch Or the brittle stalk and rustling stems of the bitter lupine. For by rotation of crops yon lighten your labor, only Scruple not to enrich the dried-up soil wtih dang And scatter filthy ashes on fields that are. exhausted. So too are fields rested by a rotation of crops.

And onploughed land In the meanwhile promises to repay you," There it all is the rotation of crops, the planting of grain in fields where before there had been peas or vetch or bitter lupine, which is the same as blue lupine, so bitter that cattle cannot eat it Ancient Arts There too is Putting of lime on the fields, asneSi And tjjg promjse 0f repayment by the fields left idle. The facts seem to be the Romans had made great advances in farming and had acquired great knowledge. But, all this was lost in the collapse of the empire 'and the overrunning of it by the barbarian, nomadic tribes. How thoroughly it was lost may be noted by the fact that 50 years before Christ, a poet, who was himself a successful farmer, was writing a book on farm practices and recommending lupine and vetch and peas and we today are holding blue lupine festivals, and celebrating the virtues of vetch and Austrian peas. Farmer Viri1' "Georgics." are a treatise on the farm practices and on agriculture and the livestock of his time.

He was a good farmer who could not sleep if his stock were not fed and housed. He knew the vagaries of weather and the winds that blew sometimes warm from the Mediterranean, and sometimes cold and freezing from the Alps. There is grand poetry in the writing, too, and as an old bee man, I am made happy by his last chapter on bees and their vital part in farm success. There is even good advice about seed selection in it And now well he describes the need of constant attention to the farm: For a law of nature Makes all things go bad, lose ground and fall away Just as an oarsman, when he is sculling his skiff against The current, needs but relax the drive of his arms a little, And the current will carry him headlong downstream." look What's ioi Marble Courthouse for Pickens JACK TARVER Campaigning On a High Plane A Florida candidate is stumping the State in a helicopter. His opponent will doubtless be-saying that the need is for mem with their feet on the ground.

Pickens County's new courthouse is to be made of marble, Pickens County marble. "Plans and details have been worked out with the Georgia Marble Company whereby the new building will have a four-inch marble veneer," reports The Pickens County Progress. "Also marble coping, door and window trim and steps. The original plans called for marble, but even with the special price made by the company it was far beyond the funds available, so. the marble company generously reduced the price to conform to the county's building fund.

Pickens county marble is the best marble in the world We thought, reading that, of Henry Grady's classic story of a Pickens County funeral "they buried him in the midst of a marble quarry; they cut through solid marble to make his grave, and yet a little tombstone they put above him was from Vermont" Georgia has made tremendous strides industrially since the days when Grady lamented our reliance upon other sections for processed materials. Georgians are eating food processed as well as grown in Georgia; Georgians are wearing clothes tailored as well as spun in Georgia, and Pickens. County is finally to have a courthouse made of Pickens County marble. Still, it's not only the air-borne politician whose visibility is frequently limited. Campaigning from a helicopter is much more practical than from a balloon.

Then, everyone says: "Here's that old windbag!" This way, the aerial politician can swoop down on the elusive voter in his native habitat, make the customary promises, and then soar away before he is queried on conW troversial issues. In fact, in really benighted areas, he can even claim what he has only been able imply heretofore, namely, that he is heaven's answer to the voters prayer. Everything Isn't Peaches, But- THE PULSE OF THE PUBLIC The Constitution welcomes letters on either side of any subject. They should not exceed 200 words and must be signed, although names will be withheld on request. We regret none can be returned.

Address all letters to Editor Constitution Atlanta. Go, id RALPH T. JONES This 'Blue Monday' From British Vie A prominent Australian, an ex-high mental official, made a speech in Melbourne some 10 days ago. He is firmly convinced there be sent to the State correctional schooL By going right down among this oncoming generation of potential criminals, the crop of criminal "graduates" would be greatly reduced and under scientific study of human nature almost completely eliminated. The county juvenile judge should be authorized to declare an incorrigible 'child a "ward of the State" and subject to confinement in the State correctional schooL The juvenile judge's police officers should be educated in the work of enforcing home and 'school discipline holding before the offenders the danger being sent where they would have to behave.

Atlanta. CHAS. H. EMMONS, peaches than Alabama, North Carolina, Tennessee and Virginia combined, our total in '1947 was 636,000 bushels below South Carolina's record crop. A breakdown of the crop shows that peaches are sold fresh, canned and frozen to local, State and national markets.

Last year almost 6,000 carloads were shipped by truck and rail; 1,959 carloads were shipped and canned or quick frozen and 406 carloads were "orchard run a variety we are sorry was shipped out It would have been better to have canned them as peach" butter or sliced. We ought not to let culls get out as "Georgia jpeaches." We wish the peach growers a lot of luck this year and hope they will put upstart South Carolina back in second place. It is humiliating to. have the Peach State in second place. That old "Everything Is Peaches Down in Georgia" was tuneful, if not quite truthful.

We had a lot more coming off our farms than peaches. Also South Carolina has, by virtue of a better co-operative system, passed us in peach production. Georgia co-ops made the error of being too exclusive. Nevertheless, peaches remain a big and important factor in our economy. Georgia Progress, in an article on the peach industry, reports 5,000,000 bearing trees in commercial orchards in Georgia which last year produced 5,810,000 bushels of peaches, compared with 5,628,000 in 1946 and an annual average of 4,902,000 bushels in the 1935-44 period.

This peach industry represents a capital investment of about $25,000,000. While Georgia produces more White and Black is no hope for a decent economic future in Britain, unless there is a' drastic reduction in the population 6f the motherland. His remedy is wholesale emigration from Britain to the dominions of the British Commonwealth. If Britain "continues to reserve her population at home, and to overlook the bright picture and happy prospects in the Dominions, she will doom herself to extinction as a world power," he is quoted. Furthermore, recent public opinion polls in Britain herself indicate widespread agreement with this view by the people most directly involved.

Beset by more rigorous rationing even than during the- war years, perplexed by the difficulties of finding funds or credits to import food, clothing, raw materials for manufactures, some 53 percent of those asked if they would like' to emigrate from Britain forever, answered "Yes." flrlvATCA Trarlp RalanrP Nor does recent news brighten the naverse uaae oaiance picture. It is reported that Britain's jadverse trade balance for the first three months of this year is far greater than was anticipated for the first six months. Under such conditions, all the aid that can be given through ERP won't bridge the difference between red or black ink on the British world trade picture. Example of the dilemma is shown in the coal mining industry. The Labor Government is now operating the fields and one Rabun and Battey Editor Constitution: After so much controversy over the food poisoning at Battey, I feel that the citizens of Georgia are entitled to the truth about the matter.

as a patient in Ward 8-B, am certainly in a position to know the facts. In "Ward 8 we have 68 patients, of which only two reported being disturbed on the night of March 17. I have visited and talked with' patients in other wards and, while most of the wards reported more disturbances than ours, the 522 poisonings as reported by Joe Rabun is a ridiculous figure. I would estimate less than 100 patients as being affected. Brother Rabun did have one thing right, though, and that was the date.

But as for the patients being served a soupy hash or goulash dish as reported, that was all a mistake. We were served lima beans (and they were not soupy), chicken salad on lettuce, coconut pie, bread, butter and milk. I have been here six months and this is the first case of food poisoning I have heard of. And don't think we patients don't know what happens all over the hospital. I am sure a canvass of the patients would show a big majority feel Dr.

Payne is doing a wonderful job. The big drawback seems to be his inability to procure the help needed, due to the fact that salaries paid are inadequate. Joe Rabun sure stuck his neck out when he made that attack on Dr. Paye without first finding out some of the facts of the case. C.

A. FLOYD. Battey Hospital, Rome. The Modern Way Editor Constitution: The relocation of the northern nart nf Courtland Street to Juniner Editor Constitution: Let us refer our minds to 1864 in Diamond Grove, Mo, to a little Negro baby about six months old, and how Mr. Moses Carver and his wife took this Negro baby and raised it and how honest he was, and how they namea mm aiier me nrsi rresiaeni ana gave mm their surname known by, which! was George Washington Carver.

Do you think Mr. and Mrs. Carver would fail to own their work in George? For they were kind to him and taught him to be a nice cook. He came to be a real man of the Negip race and had it not been for Mr. and Mrs.

Carver what would poor George have done? The cleanliness you see among the Negroes JOSEPH ALSOP A Victory or a Setback for Stassen? year shows a loss of $80,000,000 which must be made up out of the Treasury. Furthermore, output of coal per man-hour, despite much mechanization, is still below prewar levels. This means, with far higher rates of pay, a cost of production for coal far beyond the capacity of British industry to pay. 'Such a condition, especially if it spreads to other basic indus WASHINGTON It was the heroine of "Gentlemen Prefer Blondes" who first gave voice to the wisest rule of our time: "A kiss on the wrist feels very good, but a diamond bracelet lasts forever." After the Pennsylvania primary, Harold Stassen must be reflecting in much the same way on the difference between flattering writer-in votes and the capture of good, solid, obedient, sheep-faced delegates, who have good, solid, permanently valuable qualities. The available evidence in fact suggests that tries, can bring only greater devaluation of British currency in the world markets.

It may be that the Australian, Casey, is right. Perhaps Britain must cease striving for hey old place as the dominant manufacturing country, for export, and the heaviest importing country for the essentials of life. Perhaps Britain's population will have to be reduced, presumably by emigration, to a point where it can be fed. at least acoroxi- from Linden to North Avenue is a masterpiece of modern road building; smooth, even surface. wiiiic ii mil wuKiit unit.

A lie cuuuuuu lum white man taught him. Take the religious part of the Negro. He was taught by the white man. for my father was a slave and he said they had to go to church. This was teaching the Negro te be religious.

Let us sit down to the table of reasoning, and let us all think white as well as colored. You did not tell the Negro to go out and steal but when you put him under a command, and put the lock on the door Of the food, when the Negro had been in Africa going to the grape vine when they pleased. Now some of them. were half fed in slavery and you know that anybody, white or black, will look for food. Last but not least to the gentlemen of Rome, we are thankful of this good old America and are not raring about going back to Africa, but we do want to say all Negroes do not steal and when we better Negroes have to be cursed as rogues it makes it makes us feel like we are not wanted in this country.

J. E. ROSS. Arlington. A credit to City Engineer W.

R. Walker who mately on the food it can produce on its own agricultural acres. is charge of that project. The opening to the public should be marked by the comparison of old-time traveling and modern transportation. The old system should be represented by an old gray mare pulling a buggy in which is seated an old couple who should at least have passed their eighty mark.

Let us make a celebration of it and commemorate another mark in the beautifying of our city of Atlanta. Atlanta. ACHILLES DU FRESNO. Thus obviating the necessity of importing foods for its people. Porcnnal Pirtnro Above is a general commentary on Brit-reiMJUcu riuiuic ains position in international trade and finance.

For the personal picture, telling of conditions as seen' by individual Britishers, I have now visiting me my sister from England, and her husband. They tell me of privations that all, poor and rich alike, must undergo. Of shortages and of rationing that leaves almost all Britishers lacking food needed for proper nutrition. If no solution is quickly found, it seems to me Britain, will become, within a few years, a nation populated by millions of wretched persons weakened by undernourishment. If that comes to pass, the problem of excess population may be solved in far more tragic, manner than by wholesale emigration.

Golden Rule A Plan for Juveniles Editor Constitution: In your editorial of April his kind words for Dewey and Vandenberg fit neatly into the pattern. Whether or not the rumor of a Duff -Martin-Grundy deal is correct. Duffs statement must be regarded as indicating hostility to Stassen, and a friendship toward Dewey which rather markedly did not feel only a few days previously. The position of Joseph Pow is still uncertain, but there can be no doubt, that Sen. Martin and old Joe Grundy feel even more hostility to Stassen than Gov.

Duff. The inference, must be drawn, therefore, that Pennsylvania should be tentatively classified as, in majority, a Stop-Stassen delegation. Smashing Stassen victories In Ohio and Oregon may of coarse upset this classification. Bat with Pennsylvania even tentatively added to the list of giant Stop-Stassen groupings-Illinois, New York and most of Ohio the. Minnesota Governor's task now looks harder than It did a week ago, not easier.

Every inducement, every temptation, is of course being offered men like Duff to join the great Stop-Stassen combination. Other indications that the combination is being formed are also at hand. The Taft people are asserting that in order to swell Sen. Taft's first-ballot strength, Illinois will go for their hero on the first roll call at Philadelphia. It was to reward Gov.

Dwight Green for giving up his favorite-son honors that' Green was given the post of keynoter. The Dewey supporters rather markedly failed to resist the Taf t-sponsored selection of Green (a notable specimen of the drearier kind of Old Guard Republican). And in this, of course, Dewey looked toward a combination with Taft. Altogether, the Stop-Stassen movement seems to be beginning to make progress. Perhaps even the most complete victories in Ohio and Oregon will not carry Stassen through.

"The voters," say the Old Guardsmen, "do not control But piece of political wisdom, always enunciated with the smuggest complacency, is surely also a form of criticism of those, who repeat it. the Pennsylvania primary's appearance of being fa Stassen victory was distinctly misleading. Stassen led the Pennsylvania write-in vote by a handsome margin, but if 20 percent of the rumors flying out of Pennsylvania are correct, Stassen has -actually suffered a serious setback behind the scenes. A rumor which will serve as a typical sample is a report that an agreement has at last been reached between Gov. James H.

Duff, Sen. Ed Martin and old Joe Grundy. These three potentates are reliably stated to own a larger proportion of the Pennsylvania sheep-herd than any of the rival ranchers, including Joseph Pew. According to the rumor above mentioned, Duff, Grundy and Martin have agreed that their Pennsylvania sheep will baa for Gov. Duff as a favorite son on the first ballot, for Sen.

Martin on the second ballot, and for Gov. Dewey, of New York, on the third ballot -There are several points In favor of suspecting that there Is some color of truth, not perhaps In the detail but In the general impli- cations of this story. In the first place, the Duff faction and Grandy-Martln faction have been enraged In a long struggle te gain -control of delegates. In which the Grundy-Martin forces are believed to have got the edge on the forces of the Governor. Thus Gov.

Doff waii Id bo Inclined to reach agreement. If only the avoid showing his own inferior strength. Then, too, the agreement reached promises' two sops to Gov. Duff. He would get the fleeting prestige of a favorite-son 'vote.

And if Dewey should be unable to make the grade on the third ballot, Pennsylvania's vote for Dewey would create a situation favorable to the nomination of Sen. Arthur H. Vandenberg, whom Duff has openly favored from the first. Significantly, the report of the Duff-Grundy-Martin deal reaped Washington prior to the polling in Pinsylvania. Thus it cannot be regarded as a mere tale invented to explain Gov.

Duffs post- Srimary statement. Yet Duffs pooh-poohing of ov. Stassen's showing in the write-in vote, and GEORGIA EDITORS SAY: 12, headed "Are 14-Year-Olds you say: "The State of Georgia must awaken its conscience and must provide a reformed code for dealing with children. Our juvenile detention homes are jammed and have long waiting lists. Our system is not working.

Let those among us who will serve in the next Legislature plan to do something about it" The first fundamental for an adequate "plan for juvenile control is for the United States Government to join each State in the building of confinement schools where these children can be compelled to respect discipline. The second fundamental in a successful "plan" is to build a system that will reach out and grab these offenders before they reach the open stage of criminal offense. A county Juvenile judge with a sufficient numbec of juvenile Editor Constitution: It seems that some day people would learn that they can't do wrong unless they burn. I know some" people's conscience are seared 'd they think they can sin and then be cleared. But Peter paid an awful price when he had denied his Lord but thrice.

So don't think you can do wrong and get by, for there is a law given from on high, that says the soul that sin-neth shall surely die, or you will repent and for forgiveness cry. Fos if your neighbor doesn't fit right in the cog don't take him out and buckle him to a log and beat him as if he was nothing but a dog, for if you do you are just as deep in the bog as he is deep in mud and you are nothing: but a thug. Jesus set an example in days by gone, when he said you who are without sin cast the first stone. For if you were living as you should and saw a fellow fall, then you could help him if you would, for if we would do more to help and less to hinder, -then we would not be so tough, but just a little more tender, and we would see things from a different angle and this old world would not be in such a wrangle. I learned when I was but a kid in school that it is best to live by the Golden Rule.

Pelham Needs an Airport (Pelham Journal) Pelham is badly in need of an airport! The air-minded public is fast taking to the air and the community that hasn't some kind of landing field where small-type planes may land and take off is exactly in the same position that a town was 20 years ago without a railroad. Even now several local people own planes who find it necessary to use hangars and airports in other cities who have been more progressive along this line. It is no longer a novelty. Air transportation is here to stay. Let's do something about a landing field large and good enough to accommodate the medium-sized planes.

The time has arrived and Pelham is too good a community to be satisfied in seeing the planes in midair. Lets arrange for some of them to stop over when necessary. policemen who will work with parents, teachers and other agencies, can put the pressure upon "hoodlum parties," "maHcious mischief makers," and drifting strays that leave home and soon get into trouble. Such youngsters should be brought before the juvenile court and if his environment is such that he is not likely to improve he may Atlanta. J.

D. REID.