The Leeds Mercury from Leeds, West Yorkshire, England • 3

THE LEEKS MEBOUBY, AUGUST 24, i88E I CAN SMALL FAKM8 PAT? MOUNTAINEERING IN THE CAUCASUS. The first of the English mountaineers who have this year waited to Caucasus, Mr. A. F. Mummery, has already returned after a successful and very pleasant int.

ji -js TO-MOEEOWS WEEKLY SUPPLEMENT TO THE LEEDS MEECURY. PARTIAL LIST OF CONTENTS. have capital to manage properly. The returns from land need not be very great when the occupier has no labour to pay for, and only one of the tenants at Lamborne (the large fanner) has any assistance worth mentioning beyond that whioh is afforded by members of his own household. It is only by saving the labour bill, doing the work of two hired men with his own hands, and tho prevention of all waste, that a small farmer has any advantage over a large one.

Certainly at Lamborne there are no signs of extra good cultivation. There are more woeda than there should be, and the farming is generally of an exhaustive character. If the tenants who have taken more land pnrsue the system they are at present following, and have to borrow capital as well as to pay tor labour, they will probably find that they have made a great mistake. With respeot to the undertaking of the company, as an experiment in the promotion of small farming and as a financial venture, the remarks I have to make will be best reserved till after my visit to their (mbridgeshire estate has been described. THB SHOEBUEYNESS MEETING.

The Volunteer Artillery Encampment which closes today, completed their competitions yesterday. The 10-inch Gun Competition was finished by half -past eight, and the Officers' Competition with the 10 -inch gun by one o'clock in the afternoon. The first prize iu the former of these competitions was won by the 4th Durham (We6t Hartlepool), whioh made tho highest possiblo score of 36 tha second by Hampshire (Portsmouthl, liKewise with 36; and the third by West Yorkshire (Sheffield) with 2 points. The 2nd Kent (Plum3toad) and the 8th Lancashire (Preston) had certificates," each of these having made 2 points. In the Officers' Competition, which is a competition, between the officers of the northern detachments and the officers of tho southern, the northern officers made 30 points more than the southern, the score being 72 against 42.

Cardiff was found to have won the Repository Badges and the City of London's Prize in the Repository Competition, and the Devonport, the City of London and Drapers' Company's Prize in thelC-inch Competition. The challenge cup, called the Harcourt Cup, with flB fiven by tho Earl of Limerick, and the badges, wern won the eighth detachment 2nd Essex. The tie between Lancashiie and the 2nd and 4th Durham at the repository was won by the West Hartlepool (4th Durham), but the other two were granted certificates, because, though beaten, their work was very good. The prizes were presented in the afternoon by Mrs. Nicholson, wife of the commandant of the School of Gunnery.

The splendid band of the Seaham Harbour Corps headed the Volunteers on their march to the cricket-fieW, where Col, Nicholson, H.A., tho Earl of Limerick, Major Walford, Col. French, Major Sutherland, R.A., Captain Hardy, and Dr. Collingridge, besides a large number of ladies and an immense assemblage of the general public, witnessed the evolutions. When tha inspection by Col. Nicholson was over, The Earl of Limbbick, after expressing the thanks of the Volunteers to Colonel Nicholson, Colonel Mitchell, and the other officers, and the non-commissioned officers and men of the School of Gunnery, for the kindness with, which they had received the Volunteers, and the assistance they had given them at Shoeburyness, and for promoting the success of the meeting, Baid that whereas there were 163 detachments of Volunteers at Shoeburyness last year, there were 174 this year, and the increase in tha number was a sign that the Volunteer force continued to appreciate the benefits it received at this annual meeting.

"Hie number of officers, also, was about 200 more than last year. There were not so many detachments out of thei north but that was owing to local circumstances, and not from any want of interest in the competition. Among the causes was the expense of lecal encampments. He was happy to say that there were sev detachment from Scotland, some of which would take prizes back with them. The fact that the northern men came such long distances showed that they appreciated the work, and did not come only for the sake of winning prizes, which were, really of small monetary value.

It would be the duty of the council of the National Artillery Association to consider in what way they could meet the developments in thei force which were constantly occurring, to see if they could not introduce further competitions based on tha suggestions of the Brigade-Major Walford in a lecture he delivered to the officers. The council were anxious to promote tho increased efficiency of the force. Some of the friends of the old association had passed away, but he hoped new ones would place at their disposal the funds that were necessary. Before concluding he would allude to the subject of the national defences, which was engaging public attention at the present time. They had seen that the naval manoeuvres had just come td an end, and those manoeuvres should teach a lesson aot only valuable to the navy, but to the country generally, and to our army and reserve forces.

In these days no navy, however great, could effectually invade a foreign Power so as to prevent some of its vessels escaping. There was a time when the English navy commanded the seas, and yet some vessels of the enemy escaped. In the rutura a similar circumstance might happen, and therefore our coast towns in various places should be looked to. In such a case we should have to a very considerable extent to Telv on the Volunteer Artillery for the defence of the WILLS' AND BEQTJESTS. flfrom the Illustrated London Neps, Augutt 25th.

The will (dated -October 12th, 1876), with a codicil (dated October 20th, 1881), of Mr. Evelyn Bazalgette, Q.O., late of Lincblh'a Inn, and No. who died on July 21st, has just Been proved by Sir Joseph William Bazalgeite, C.B., the nephew, and Edwaid.Baifalj gette, two of the executors, the of the personal estate amounting to upwards of 155,000. The testator bequeaths considerable legacies to relatives; and there are also bequests to servants. "As to the residue of his real and personal estate he leaves one upon trust, for Ms nephew, Lewis John Francis Twysden and the ultimate residue to his said nephew, Sir Joseph William Tho'miii Mnarl 16th.

1879V with three codicils (dated July 17th, 1S79 September1 1884 and February 15th, 1088), of Mr. George Grafter, late ot No. 81, Blackfriars-road, and of Woodstowe, Dulwich, solicitor, who died on March 14th last, was1 'proved on August 9th by Mr. William Crofter Perry, Charles Lloyd Eoberte, and Mrs. Annabella Xtoberts, the niece, the exeeutorB, the value of the personal estate amounting: to over 94,000.

The testator gives many and considerable legacies to relatives; friendB, olerks, servants, and others; and the residue of his estate he leaves to his nephews and nieces, William Crafter Perry, Annabetla Boberts, Jane Crofter, Marion Grafter, and William Crafter. Letters of administration of the personal eBtate of Mr. Joseph Bond, late of No. 5, Regent's Park-road, whe died on February 7th, 1886, at No. 21, Chesham-terrace, Kemp Town, Brighton, intestate, a widower without issue, were granted on August 11th to the Solicitor for the Affairs of Her Majesty's Treasury and hiB successors in that office, for the use of Her Majesty, the value of the personal estate amounting to over 69,000.

In the event of no one being able to make out a good claim to the estate of the deceased under some will not yet discovered, the personal although- nominally administered for the use of Her Majesty, does not go to the Queen, but will eventually go into the Consolidated Fund. 1 The will (dated September 1872), with nine codicils, of Mrs. Sara Austen, late of No. 6, Montagua-place, Bod-ford-square, who died on June 28th last, was proved bn August 15th by Arthur Itaymoid Harding 'and Frederio Peter Layard. suTviving exeoutors, the value of the personal estate' amounting to over 60,000.

The teBtetrix bequeaths' 100 to the Solicitors' Benevolent Association 50 eaoh to the Consumption Hospital, Brompton, the North London and the Magdalen Hospital and very numerous legacies, pecuniary and specific, to relatives, executors, servants, and others. As to the residue of her property, including the properly under the will of her late husband, over which she has a power of appointment, she leaves one-fourth to her nephew, the Bight Hon. Sir Austen Henry Layard; two-fourths, upon trust, for her nephews Frederic Peter Layard and Edgar Leopold Layard, their wives and children; and one-fourth, upon certain trusts, for the widow and ohildren of her late brother, John Bickett, and her sister, Louisa Bebeeca Linton, and her three ohildren. The will (dated April 4th, 1881) of Mr. Jehn Baymond Eaymond-Barker, J.P., D.L., late of Fairford Park, Gloucester, who died on May 21st la3t, was proved on August 15th by Sir Lumley Graham, and Sir John Edmund Oommerell, K.C.B., V.C., the nephew, the executors, the value of the personal estate exceeding 51,000.

The testator leaves all' his freehold and leasehold property in London, Westminster, and the county of Middlesex, upon trust, for his daughters, Augusta and Lenora, for life, and at their deaths to the son of his son Percy, who shall be heir-presumptive to the jTairf'ord estate; 1,000, his household furniture and effects, and the interest of certain securities, to his' wife, Lady Katherine Barker, and other legacies. The residue of his persona estate ho leaves to his said wife. The will (dated July 5th, 1880) of Sir Charles Edward Keith Kortright, formerly Her Bntannic Majesty's Consul at Philadelphia, late of No. who died on May 19th last, was proved on August 8th by Dame Martha Ellen Kortright, the wdoy and sole executrix, the value of the personal estate-amounting to upwards of 49,000. The testator devises and bequeaths all his property of whatsoever nature.

aiid wherever found, real, personal, and mixed, to his wife absolutely. The will (executed February 9th, 1869) of Mr. Patrick. Gammie, of No. 14, Stanhope -gardens, formerly Inspector-General of Army Hospitals, who died on May 20th, 1887, was proved on August 10th by Mrs.

Mary Maclean Gammie, the widow and acting executrix, the value of the personal estate amounting to over 29,000. The testator bequeaths 2.000 to Charles Addison; and 9,000, upon trust, for wife, for life then, as to 5,000 thereof for the said Charles Addison as to 1,000 thereof for Mrs. Harriet Forbes Simpson; as to 1,000 thereof for the ministers and elders of the Established Church of Forgue, Aberdeenshire, upon trust, to distribute the income periodically among the -poor of the said parish as to them shall seem most deserving 1,000 for the Priuoipal and Professors of King's College, Aberdeen, to found a Bursary for. modem languages, to be called the "Gammie Bursary;" aiid as to the remaining 1,000 thereof, for the Army Medical Officers' Benevolent Society. The residue of his property he gives to his wife, absolutely.

The will (dated August 3rd, 1887) of Mr. William Eden Nesfleld, late of No. 45, Bffclringham-road, Brighton, who died on March 25th last, was proved on Aagust 4th, by Mrs. Mary Annetta Nesfleld; the. widow andsole executrix, the value of the personal estate exceeding 13,000.

The testator giveB, devises, and bequeaths all his real and personal estate to hfe wife, for her own use and benefit absolutely. The will (dated November 18th, 1885) of Sir Edward Henry Gervas Straoey, late of Backheath Hall, Norfolk, who died on' June 6th last, at Bournemouth, was proved on August 13th, by Dame Mary Gertrude Straoey, the widow, and Major George Heaviside, tho executors, the value of the personal estate amounting to over 10,000. The testator bequeaths all, his personal estate to his wife and he devises all his real estate in the parishes of Backheath, Salhonse, Sprowston, Wroxhani, Crostwick, Hoveton St. John, and other parishes and places adjoining, upon trust, jbo pay 1,000 per annum to his wife, for life. sSubject thereto he devises the Baid real estate to the use of his son, Edward Paulett Straoey, for life, with remainder to his first and every other son, successively, according to seniority in tail male.

THE HAMPTON WIOE COLLISION. 8 Dr. Diplock yesterday afternoon resumed the inquest at Hampton Wick, Connection with the four deaths caused by the railway accident there on Bank holiday. Mr. Avary, on behalf of the company, did not dispute the company's liability to the, families of the killed and injured.

Several claims had already been and all further reasonable claims would-be dealt with immediately. Parsons, the signalman, recalled and examined, and the evidence of Pickles, the and Alexander, the fireman of the light enginffj and other witnesses having been taken, the jury returned; a verdict of Death by misadventure," and censured Parsons, the signalman, and the engine driver. THE WB3TECHAPEL MUEDEE MYSTEET. Yesterday afternoon Mr. George Collier, the Deputy-Coroner for South-East Middlesex, resumed the inquiry at the Working Lads' Institute, Whitechanel, into the circumstances attending the death of a woman, supposed to be Martha Tabran, aged thirty -five, a hawker, lately living at 4, Star-place, Star-street, Cpmmercial-rpad East, who was discovered early on the morning of Tuesday, tho 7th lying dead on the first-floor landing of soma model dwellings known as George-yard Buildings, Commercial-street, Spitalfields.

Tho woman when found presented a shocking appearance, her body being covered with 39 stab wounda, eome of which had been done with a bayonet How the woman came to. be in those dwellings is a mystery which lie police as yet have not solved. The affair caused great excitement, and much interest was manifeBtedin the proceedings. It is worthy of mention tha the murder was oornmitted on Bonk holiday night, and is almost identical with another murder, whioh wan per petrated near the same spot on the night of the previous Bank holiday. The victim ineach case waan unfortunate.

and then: cowardly assailants nave up mi now evaaea cauture. On resuming the mnuiry yesterday Detective-Inspector Beid and Sergeant Green, of the Division, appeared to watch the case, for the Commissioners of Police. Greenwich, was the first witness called. He stated that he was a foreman packer in a. furniture warehouse.

He identified, the body of the woman now dead as his. wife. Her name was Martha Tabran, and she was 39 years of age. He last saw her alive eighteen months ago the White- chapel-road, witness had been separated rrom nertrurteen years. He went before Mr.

JUenson, the magistrate, and said he sbouid not live witn ner on account or ner intemperate habits. She took out a warrant for his arrest for desertion, but he agreed to allow her 12s. a week. This was carried on for three years, but afterwards findins how she was living he only gave her 2s. 6d.

She was at that time living, with another man. Witness identified the body through seeing an account of the murder in the People, where her name was stated to be Tabran. Henru Tamer, who stated that he lived ot the Working Men's Home, Commercial-street, deposed that he was a carpenter by trade, but latterly ha had gat.his liviEff as a hawker. Up till, three weeks previous to this affair he was living with the deceased. They had lived toeether on and off for nine years'.

She used to get her Irving iri'the street? like himself. He last saw her olive on the Saturday before her death, when they met accidentally in Leadenhall- Btreet. A verdict of "WuM.murder.'i -against some person or persons unknown was returned. Japanese Poliot. AiofBeiai telegtainieoarved in Berlin from Tokio cbafirms the fact that Count Inonye Kapru has once more joined tha Cabinet.

He retired last autumn from the post of Mrmster tor Foreign ArTairs, and re-enters now as Minister for Commerce and Agriculture. It will be remembered (the Times correspondent remarks) that his retirement, which fallowed the failure-at Tokio of international qonferasnqe for the rssjort of the caused great He Was looked upon as the chief mover in the negotiations, which, while claiming for Japan full liberty to exereiso her territorial jurisdiction, offered at the eame time great advantages to foreign1 commerce and navigation by the opening up of the rnterinr teforeignj trade and offering extensive cbnpsssions to the ceerting trade. As an erroneous irnpreasion haa lately prevailed in Europe that the profrressive policy of the Japanese GoTOrnment was grving way to a somewhat reactionary movement, this secession of Cotrat Xnouye to the Cabernet will inspire new and' inoreasod cflofldeiice in the future I THE REJECTION OF THE FISHERIES I TREATY. According to a. telegram from Ottawa, Sir 0.

Topper, Minister of Marine and Fisheraa, says concerning the Senate's rejection of the treaty: "It will make no change i i. in the administration of the affairs of my Department. As regards American vessels uanaoian waters, at least ior the present, nothing can be done until we have a full meeting of the Cabinet after my colleagues return from the vacation. The modus vivenit which was carried into effect by an Order in Council, in the same way can be annulled or withdrawn at any time. We have collected about 4,000 dollars under the ntoim vivendi for licenses granted.

The American vessels taking out licenses are very few, and, in i fact, no American vessels to my knowledge have availed 1 themselves of the license privilege of transhipping their carcoes at Canadian portB. The only way whioh the license was used has been for the purchase of bait. Now that the States have rejected the treaty it Becomes aeao letter, and before a treaty can be reached new negotiations will have to be renewed and the whole affarr gone over again." The Fkiludelphia Ledger says "The reieotion of the Fisheries Treaty by the United States Senate, by the caucus aotion long ago, iB a humiliating evidence of the extent to which men In tho highest places may bo controlled by partisan bias. With the treaty itself, its terms, merits, and deficits, we have no concern in reaching the conclusion that the action of the Eepublican majority was diotated by party considerations. The report of the majority of the Senate Committee on Foreign Relations betrayed tho determination of the Bepublicans to use the negotiations for campaign purposes, ana the debate on the treaty, the caucus action, ana the final vote confirm this view." SIGNOR ORISPI AND PEINOB BISMARCK.

The Standard Beriin correspondent says A semi-ofBcial article contributed from Berlin to the Mlnische- Zeitung represented Signor Cnspi's visit to Prince Bismarck as merely a personal and friendly call, entirely without reference to serious political business. The semi-official organs of Berlin do not pretend ito bolster up this fiction, but frankly own the great, political, importance of the meeting. The Norddeatseh'e writes "The presence of Signor Crispi, the Italian Premier, at Frie'cMolisxuhe, where he is joined, at Prince Bismarck's spooial invitation, by Connt de Launay, the Italian Ambassador at. Berlin, imprints its decisive stamp on the present political situation. This important event is noted with satisfaction by all who cherish friendly feelings towards the efforts of the Central European Alliance of Peace, while the disquietude here and there manifested by the adversaries reflects the burden weighing upon their political consciences.

The hearty and spontaneous ovations given by the crowd at the Friedriohsruhe alike to Signor Crispi and United Italy, and to the universally venerated Imperial Chancellor, simply express the real and genuine feeling of the entire German nation. These oheers demonstrate the faot that United Italy, in the midst of the difficulties she is now battling with, is, to the north of the Alps, not denied those sympathies to which the cause of right, skilfully and emphatically asserted, has a natural claim." These last words speak for themselves without comment. The Jprew interprets the faot that Signor Crispi is visiting Friedriohsruhe before going to hiB family at Carlsbad as showing that he strongly felt the necessity of an interview with Prince Bismarck at the earliest possible moment, while the consent of the Chancellor to receive him proves that he too ascribes a higher interest to this than, to last year's meeting. The National Zeitung endorses another semi official communication, whioh maintains that "the moment has come when Italy must mark, out more precisely than hitherto the limits of her foreign action, it only to put an end to a state of things which ffirm a source of perpetual differences between Borne and Paris." It adds that Signor Orispi's personal explanation as to the way in which he intends to treat the Massowah question and his foreign policy will certainly be received by his ally with no ordinary interest, The Diplomatic Staff whioh accompanies Siguor CriBpi, and the invitation Count de Launay to take part in the conferences, also indicates that the discussions will, bo The Vossische concludes its comments on the subject in the following words "The German nation regards the negotiations of Friedriohsruhe onlv as fresh evidence of the strength of the Peace Alliance an alliance it continues to trust while to-day it takes especial satisfaction in recalling the pertinent words of Victor at the opening of i. i T.

.1 A J. J.1. l.Tnnnl.A- 1 ant tue Italian jrariiameni; on xue idiu wuvwhubi, wiu, when he said' Both Germany and Italy have constituted themselves in thB name of the national idea. They have both succeeded erecting their liberal msntutaons on tne basis of a Monarchy. The relations of tho two Govern ments and the Bentiinents of the two nations are guarantee for the maintenance of THE EMPEESS FKEDEBICK.

The Berliner Tageblatt in a leading article on the Empress Frederiok, deplores the fact that the envy with whioh people in general regard any woman of unusual intelleot and firm independent charaoter reaches also those who occupy the highest rant. is strange," says tne artiole, that, until the year 1866, the then Crown Princess of Prussia was much beloved by every one in Berlin. It was reoognised that she had rapidly adapted herself to German life her domestic sentiments, her fidelity to the duties incumbent on a wife and mother, and her intellectual qualities were duly praised and valued. But aftor 1866 it was observed that this general sympathy began to decrease in certain quarters. Mendacious reports were circulated concerning the Crown Princess's opinionB on the events in Hanover, and were believed by many persons.

A feehnu of dislike increased as time went by, and there were some persons who were not aehamed recently to hint that the Empress exerted an influence in the question of the Begency and in the Puttkamer affair, and even to invent that a coolness existed between the Royal mother and her son, Scarcely had the Emperor Frederick closed his eyes in death, than the same peisons spread all kinds of reports through a section of the -press, according to whioh the widowed jumpreso was bdoui to taxe up ner permanent residence out of Berlin, or even out of the country. The same game was being played as before, and those who were jealous of the rare gifts and fine character of the Boyal lady would gladly have banished her from Berlin. How mistaken were they in judging the aims and inclinations of the Empress Certain newspapers would not in any way acknowledge the self-sacrifice of the Empress. Disgust and contempt were excited against the ungrateful people who had had time during 25 years to see that the Empress Frederick had always been true to her aims, that she had indeed become the mother of the country, and that she was absolutely necessary to that country in leading tho work of assisting the poor. Such a woman could not turn her baok upon her husband's country, and those who spread Buch a rerjort can never have understood her faithful heart.

The endeavours of tho preBB to persuade the Empress that it would Do oetter ior ner to leave jserun were im-notent. She will remain, and the terrible misfortune she has suffered in the loss of her husband has only made her feel it the more her duty to dedicate herself entirely to the noble work die had commenced. The most treacherous aot of a Btupid press was the invention of a disagreement between mother and son. The press is now silent; it cannot deny the truth that the relationship between Her Majesty and the Emperor William is a loving and sincere one. The noble Monarch responds to the faithfulness of Ms mother by equal fidelity on his own part.

Circum-Btances will Boon force these people to tako up their position in face of actual facts, ana no doubt that position will be as servilely flattering as it was before calumnious. We, on our side, see in the unity between mother and son a blessing for the land, and all really patriotic persons will rejoice that the Empress Fjederick remains true to her accepted country. May she find, in her beneficent activity, some slight consolation for the great loss she has suffered The love of the people will not fail her." EXTEAOEDINAET EFiTEGTS OF A WATEE- SPOUT. Information received from Lyons on Wednesday says that the trains from St. Etienne were prevented from reaching Lyons by a waterspout, the effects of which were more particularly felt at Bdve-de-Gier and Givors.

A landslip took place on the line between Givors and St. Roman-en-Gier. A luggage train was buried on leaving the Givors tunnel. The water fell with suoh violence against the engine, whioh had almost disappeared under tne at tins, mat tne engmo-anver, tutu guarus ui the train had to be rescued by means of ropes thrown down to them from the top of the cutting. A portion of the town of Bive-de-Gierie under water.

In Givors Borne houses have partly fallen in, owing to their foundations being unclermined, and several others are in a tottering condition. In ten minutes the water of the river rose nearly twelve feet, and numerous trees wore torn up by the roofc. The damage dons is very considerable, but no persons seem to have been injured. AFoeged Note Factory. The Exchange Tele graph Company's Bucharest correspondent states that con-siderable commotion has been ausedtSepsi-Szent-Grryorgy, in Transylvania, by the discovery there if a manufactory of Roumanian false bank notes.

One of the forgers was arrested. He refuses to divulge the names of his accomplices, who, lie eays, have crossed the frontier, A number of stereotype plates have been, found on. the premises, bat the forgers nave not succeeded in putting any of the false notes into circulation. Peasants' Land Banks ot' Poland. A report just published from the British Consul -Generalat Warsaw contains the translation of a new law extendine.

with alterations, the scheme of peasants' land banks, established in Eussia siace 1862, to the khigdCm of Poland. Under it peasants of Russian, Polish, or Lithuanian extraction may, with the approval of the local conrmis-sioner for peasants' affairs, obtain loans for the purchase of lands which do not belong to peasants, and which are not burdened with onerous servitudes, such loans not to exceed 90 per cent, of the valuation made by the officers of the bank In Bussia proper the maximum is 75 per and in the case of Poland the addition! 15 per cent, is to eontfi from a special fund instituted for that country in I860 to free peasants frqm dependence on tide landlords, the balance of that fund, winch." amounts now' to 2,000,000 roubles, is to he handed over to the land bank. The land purdmsed this way cannot be eoM until the debt to the bank is cleared off nor can persons who are not peasants under the definition of law become purchasers or owners by inharitMice or gift In either of the latter cases the draqnalified person into whose possasaan the land may come is bound to sell within a year. The limit of allotments is 8 1-5 acrea. It is ao longer necessary to take blue pills to rouse the lire; to action, barter's Little lirer Puis, are better.

Purely TfisetatK Small site. Email dose. Small price. Of all Chemists, A tjorresppndent of the Standard writes as follow? on ibe abqve-named question, order to ascertain, if possible, the cause or causes of the decline in the prosperity I of the Small Farms and Labourers' Fund Cpmpany, which seemed to be indicated by their latest balance-sheet, I have I paid a visit to their estates in Berkshire and Oambridge- ature. xnere is no station nearer to tne estate tne former county than Hungerford, eight miles distant, and as there is also no hearer town for the sale of term produce, it cannot be baid that thejiosition was well chosen for an experiment in small farming.

It is not every day, however, that an estate of 411 acres can be had for nothing, and when, on the starting of the company, tho land was generously offered as a free gift by Lord Wantage, it was, of course," gratefully accepted. Fortunately, a line of railway is in ccuTBe of construction between Newbury and Lambonie, and when it has been opened tho occupiers of the Lamborne estate will enjoy improved facilities for the disposal of. their produce. From another point of view, the position of the estate is not altogether desirable. As might be supposed from its.

name Uplands it is a hill farm, sloping up to a height of about 400 feet above the sea-leve At snch altitude vegetation is late, and the higher portions of the laDd are open to the full force of the winds from the English Channel, some twenty-five miles distant as the crow flies. Thus, for the more delicate kinds of farm or garden produce, the situation, except in a little valley running through the estate, is not favourable. The soil is a loam of varying consistency friable on the lower slopeB, and rather stiff on the hills resting on the chalk. The drainage, therefore, is perfect, and the appearance of the crops shows that the land is fairly fertile. Wretched as the condition of the land was when Lord Wantage bought it and handed it over to the company.

Uplands had formerly a good reputation; and it is worth while to notice a fact bearing upon the charaoter of the soil. The. father of the owner or owners of whom Lord Wantage bought the estate at one time owned only 230 acres of it, and upon that portion he earned money enough to buy the rest of tho 411 aeres for some of whioh he paid 47 an aere while at a heavy expense he enfranchised the whole of the, land from tithes, and left his family comfortably provided for when he died. Either through bad management, or the bad times, or from a combination of these causes, the son failed where the father prospered, and Uplands, after being run down, had to be sold at a great sacrifice, only 10 an aore having been paid for it. Being tithe-free, the farm was certainly cheap, even for these bad times; but the out-of-the-way situation is to be borne in mind, and Uplands is not the only estate in the district that has recently been disposed of at a low price.

The tenants of Uplands declare that a great deal of harm was done to the land by the means adopted for clearing it of the weeds with whioh it was overgrown. was steam-ploujhed to a depth of about 12 inches, and a great deal of the inert and nearly sterile subsoil was thuB brought on to the surface, "poisoning" the crop3( as the tenante express.it. Certainly there are places in which nothing has flourished since the steam ploueh was used, and it is probable that more harm than good was done by turning oh to thie top what ahquld have been simply stirred and left below to be gradually fertilised. A considerable portion of the farm, consisting of nearly 249 aoreB, was sold in one lot immediately after the company became possessed of it, leaving about 166 acres in a compact farm. This land was divided into lots of various sizes, from about two acres up to 37 acres.

Mr. Insull, secretary to the company, kindly drew up for my information a list of the tenants and the aoreage and rent of eaoh plot, providing me also with a plan of the estate, a form of agreement for. letting, and the terms on which land is sold under a system of payment by instalments. Mr. Stevenson, of West Hendred, the local atrentof the company, also gave me a great deal of information, and introduced me to several of the tenants, with whom I had some private conversation.

Only two of the occupiers chose to pur-, chase their holdings. For the other plots there were numerous offers, and as no rents were fixed, any satisfactory offer from a suitable person being accepted, the amounts are unequal. The inequality has' given rise to some dissatisfaction, apart from the fact that many of the tenants have come to the conclusion that they were too liberal in their offers of rent. Prices fell considerably after their agreements were made, and, considering the condition and position of the land, together with the fact that dwellings and farm buildings were originally provided for only two of the holdings, the two largest, the rents certainly seem too high. They raiige from 1 to 2 5s.

per acre. The higher amount, however, is paid for only small plots of pasture, fenced in by the company, and fronting the Lamborne-road, and the rates upon these plots are paid by the company. These grass plots are let to men who have other means of livelihood than farming, two being carpenters, and they probably pay better than the arable land. At any rate, the tenants pay the rents punctually and appear satisfied, while two or three of them desire to obtain more laud. The nominal rental comes to about 7 per Cent, on the coBt of the land now held by the company and all the capital invested "by them in buildings, fencing, and cost of conveying the property; but from this there are rates on a small portion of the estate to deduct, besides which per cent, off the rent waB allowed in 1887, and 10 per cent, last Lady Day.

Only three of the eleven tenants owe any portion of their rents duo lost Michaelmas, the total then in arrear being 43 19s. and the same men and one other tenant owe 74 6s. IJd. for rent due last Lady Day. The tenant who owes the largest amount of rent has given notice to quit his holding, but desires to remain if he can get a reduction of rent, which the company will grant when he pays up.

Probably he has an eye to some cheaper land in the neighbourhood, which it appears to be easy to obtain at the present time, and, at any rate, his demand for a reduction seems reason- able. But he was only a farm bailiff, getting about 15s. a week, before he liired bis holding of 37 acres, and he appears to have been able to keep a large family very creditably upon it, and to set up a son in business as a carrier and dealer, providing him with a horse and cart. He has three excellent cows, some pigs, poultry, and two or three horses. A very industrioua-man he appears to be, as he does a great deal of ploughing and hauling for other people.

His cropB look well, and it will be a pity to lose a tenant who knows how to farm. This year's crops consist of eleven acres of very good barley, four acres of wheat, which is fair for the year, six acres of moderately good oats, five acres of rye-grass, and about two aoreB of vetches and roots; He has come boys of his own to help him on the farm, and employs no extra labour, I believe. Another tenant in arrear for rent holds 34 acres of land, with the second division of the farm-house and buildings. His holding includes a nice little pasture, and his farm premises are very convenient. He keeps three cows, a few pigs, and a number of poultry.

Like the tenant last referred to, he makes butter. He complains of tlie rent, which is nearly 1 10s. an acre, and says he cannot stand it. Probably a reduction be granted but there is no reason to suppose that he has not made his holding pay, for he has been able to hire 250 acres of land on another'estete, and he has an excellent flock of sheep there. Before he became a farmer he was ocoupied in hauling coal and other things about Lamborne, and there it-was not supposed that he had much capital to start with.

Having increased his business so largely, it is not surprising that he is short of ready money on the verge of harvest. The second of the tenants who has given notice to quit is also in arrear with his rent, whioh is not surprising, as he has hired 70 acres of land elsewhere. On the estate he holds nearly 26 acres, at a rent of about 1 5s. There is no dwelling upon it; but the company erected a nice little homestead at a cost of 1001 The crops on this holding consist of eight acres of oats, good in places and light in others, ten acres of rye-gross from which a haystack has been made, live acres of light rye, and about three acres of vetches and roots. The fourth tenant, who owes some rent only 5 due at Lady Day holds ten acres at 1 an aere.

He, again, has taken land elsewhere, about 20 acres, and he has applied for more land on the estate as well. He does hauliiig the district, keeping two horses and a few pigs. No dwelling or other buUding is attaohedto this holding. The orops are two acres of decent oats, the third successive white-straw crop six acres of very good barley, also the third white-straw crop on the same land these third white-straw crops proves a considerable degree of natural fertility iu the soil, especially if I was correctly informed when told that no manure had been applied to them. This hold ing belongs to a portion of the estate which cost 47 an acre abont eigntesn years ago.

xtio names oi me tenants referred'to above have not been given, because they might not like being publicly paraded as in debt for rent but with those yet'to be mentioned there is no need for similar reticence. Mr. Castle holds about 164 acre? of land, and does a little carrying in addition to his farming. His rent is 20. He has been somewhat unlucky with fits orops, portions of which have failed, as he believes, from "poiBomng" by the bad soil turned up by the steam plouah.

A piece of peas, too, full of straw, has not i 1 .1 1 1 pcaaeu weu la general cuiupnuiiL uiu? jrmuj usrauua ua wio lack of sunshine. It is also unfortunate that he should have live acres of clover in this year of thin plants. Neglect to "pickle" his seed wheat, however, rather than bad luck, must be held accountable for his greatest misfortune, a bad attack of smut in his six acres of wheat. His other crops are small pieces of vetches, barley, and potatoes. He has a small bam, partly erected by the company and portly by himself, and some uv-cotes nut up ay mummy uuea uug cuiupiiuu, although his prospects this year are less hopeful than those oi the other tenants, but trusts to better times iu future, in proof of which faith he has applied for more land on the.estate.

Mr, H. Bichens holds about seven acres at 1 IOs. on acre rent, 'besides acres which he has pjorchased on the deferred-payment system. Thie rest is.all in barley, rather light in places, but a fair crop on the whole. This occupier holds about 20 acres of land elsewhere.

Mr. Wilkins, a carpenter in the village of Lamborne, is the only tenant who has attempted market gardening. On the lower portion of his sloping plot of two acres he has a very flourishing garden of lialt an acre, in which he has crops of beans, peas, potatoes, and cabbages that do credit-alike to his management and to the soil. A fair piece of pate occupies the rest of the little holding. The market-garden produce is sold in the village, or such of it as the tenant does inpt require ferlns own consumption.

The crops on the Bmall: grass holdings aye been in part cut iorhay and in part fed, aiid appeal 'to haye been satis-iRotoay. "Tfhe crop acreages have been given above to show what use the Tfnnall farmers of Lamborne make of their land. It is obvious that they are anxious to; grow as much corn as they can, and pernapB that is accounted for by the high price oil straw, in the district, whare there are several training establishments ior racehorses. What equally dear is this, that land hunger which induced most of tha tonanla to apply for holdings on the Lamborne estate has not been satisfied. On the contrary, their appetite has been only whetted, and there appears to be some danger tb4t they will share in the common miatako ef ffuwwkttito soonta? fry trtiugan) lwd too flwy journey.

Starting about the end of 3 one with an Alpine wjuide, Zutfluh, ef Meiringen, he wont straight to the central group, of which Jioshtantau, the second (measured) peak in the' Caucasus, is the highest (measured) summit. Tho qualification is necessary until the height of Shkara (see Mr. Freahfield's recent map and paper in the dime "jcToceocungs" oi tne xwyai vrcograpmeai ooaecyj has been ascertained. The difference in height between the two paks is not very great, perhaps but it appears likely that Shkara will, as Mr. FretMeld has anticipated, prove to be the higher.

On JPuly 24th Koshtantau was ascended, two previous attempts, on one of which Mr. Mummery climbed alone the south-western buttress of the great mountain itself high having been unsuccessful. In the course of Mr. Mummery's journey the lofty ridge connecting Dychtau and Koshtantau with the watershed, and dividing the nves of the Bezingi and Djchsu glaciers, was twice orossed by passes respectively about and An attempt to ascend Shkara from the Dyehsu glacier had to bo abandoned in consequence of glacier difficulties which were too great and continuous for so small a party. The main chain was also crossed into Suanetia by a variation of the Zanner Pass, and a return to the valley of Chogom on the north side of the ohain effected by a route over the Thnber, Gvalda, and Basflsu glaciers, west of the natives' Basil Pass, and never before traversed, which throws light on the intricate topography of the neves of these great ice-streams and the structure of this part of the ohain.

The upper neve of the Gvalda glacier proves to extend to a point considerably east of a Kne drawn due north from tho Bumroit of the Thuber glacier. The weather was fine throughout, and the snow, except on steep slopes, id excel', lent condition. The revision of the Russian survey is to' proceed very rapidly. A single officer has bean instructed to survey the central trroup of the Caucasus during this summer, and the new map is intended to be published by the spring of 1889. Mr.

Mummery writes' as follows with regard to travel, and his experiences are the more valuable inasmuch as he went without previous experience of the country or special facilities; "'No other holiday has afforded mo half the pleasure. I found the travelling ranch easier than I expected. Notwithstanding that my interprets TMxweS too short-winded for the high passes, I managed to get all I wanted, from chicken, ducks, eggs, new potatoes, and Russian bread in Suanetia, to mutton, oatcakes, and fresh milk in Balkar and Chegem. I became great friends with, the old chief at Bezingi, who gave me several dinners in.lhs private apartments. I return provided tea and sugar for himself and his numerous relatives and friends.

One of the Bezingi hunters accompanied me over the glaoiar passes, but not on the ascenls. Some of the Bezingi men are splendid walkers, equal on rocks to average Alpine guides on ice, of course, they have raaoh to learn, and their foot-gear is Ill-suited for continuous mountaineering. The diurnal variations in tho weather are also perhaps worth notice. Bright mornings, wind and a httle cloud about inid-day, with mist and a suspicion of rain or snow at sunset, were the characteristics of the weather while I was there. The mist and showors did not extend below but the dews were quite sufficient to account for the vegetation on the moraines." Ascents of the Mattekhokn and the Jung- FEAU.

The first ascent of the Matterhorn this year was made on the 11th inst. For a first ascent of the mountain this is a very late date, but the cause of the lateness of the mountaineerirg season ib the immense quantity of snow still lying on the upper ranges. An attempt to ascend tho Matterhorn was made a fortnight previously by some guides, who had to abandon the enterprise after encountering great difficulties. The mountaineers who succeeded in reaoning the summit were Horren Heim and Egli, of Zurioh. They took the two guides, Jos.

Chan ton and Jos, Brantsehen. The party got as far as the hut on the 10th, and made the ascent the next day. They started from the hnt at 3.20 a.m., reached the summit at 9.5 a.m., Btayed there a quarter of an hour, were back at the hut at 1.15 p.m., and at Zermatt at 6 p.m. total time from the hut and back, 9 hours 55 minutes. The Matterhorn was still heavily covered in snow, whioh on the summit was neurly 5ft.

deep, and tho ascent was very tiring and dangerous. But the weather was fine, and tho view splendid. Since the first ascent, several parties have reached the summit and returned in safety. The weather having within the last ten days turned very favourable for moun-taineerincr, the Junefrau is beins ascended almost daily by several parties. One day last week no fewer than ten persons in three parties made the ascent, of whioh one (of three persons) gained the summit from the Koththal, the otner two panics trom toe aietscn u-iacier.

jne jjauter- brunnen guides have erected a new hut in the Koththal, with the view of asceudins the mountain from Lauter- brunnen. A report of Dr. Kurz. member of the Swiss Alpine Club, states that there are now 32 club huts in Switzerland, ot wnicn J.1 are tne canton or aorn, six in Wallis. seven in Central Switzerland, one in Appenzeil.

and seven iu Graubunden. The most highly situated huts are the BergiihiHto, on the slope of the Monch, the Oberaarhiitte, and Matterhornhiitte, Most of tho huts will hold 10 persons, but some would accommodate as many as 2u. With one exception, a hut which is 40 years old, all the huts have been erected within the last 20 years. Some of the huts have two stories, with separate rooms for guides. The Last Fatality ok the Dent dtj Midi.

An eye-witness writes to the Times Your readers will probably have been informed in your columns that a fatal accident occurred on Monday morning near the summit of the Dent uu Midi. As one who had the misfortune to wit ness the event, I venture to send a brief acootrai of it. The party of which the unfortunate victim was one consisted of five persons uermanB of some occupation in jviontreux. They walked from Monthy to Bonavaux the previous night, and slept at the chalet there, as is the usual practice lor such as wusn to maxe tne ascent or tne xient au jmai. TJnfortunatelv thev were Quite unprepared for the expedi tion, having no guide, no ice-axes, no rope, all of which were on this occasion most necessary precautions for all but most expert mountaineers.

There wore three parties who essayed the ascent on Monday morning first, a party of four French mountaineers, all provided with ice-axes, whom the second party of six, of whom the writer was one, saw making their way up the steep slope at the Bummit. Our party of six, of whom two were excellent and experienced guides from Champery, was roped securely together, and each guide had his ice-axe. Following the track of the French party, we reached the summit at 9.30, having started from" Champery at ten minutes to one, an hour being spent at Bonavaux in preparing and eating breakfast. Before wo cleared out, the third party of five Germans, who had Blept there, came in, and no doubt had breakfast after us. We spent half an hour on the summit, which we found tolerably warm after the severe cold of a bitrnp north wind, or "bise," as the people here call it, which seemed to fall when we got to the top.

On our way up the last slope, which is usually at this time of the year a mere steep of loose shahj, but with a weU-defined and safe path, but which, on this occasion, was covered with frozen snow more or less deep, we met tho Frenchmen returning at a great pace, wno reported the cold so great they feared their fingers would bo frozen, and they could not stop on the summit, their teeth chattering in their heads. Already we had seen the third party making their way by the Col de Susaufe, the ordinary route. When we left the summit, where there was an uninterrupted view of the whole field of snow mountains from MontBlano to the Oberland, ineluding, of course, the Matterhorn, Grand Combin, and Jungfrau, all of which form remarkable objects in the view, we saw the third, or German, party beginning their ascent, apparently very rapidly. One, who was a good deal in advance of the rest, seemed espeoiall active. Alas his feet slipped, and one of our guides exolaiined, He is lost It is impossible for him to be saved; he will fall over the precipice! Too true.

From the moment of his slipping there was no hope for him. With horror we Baw for soma minutes the poor leuow giiaing aiong tne smootn rrozen sunaco oi mo steep snow field tul he came near the edge of the precipice, when one turned away, Tiot daring to watoh the actual fall over. Another look, nnd there waa only the snow. We knew he was killed. Sadly and slowly, themselves in like danger, his four corrrnanions retraced their steps; while we, though fur nished with guides and all appliances, felt bound to desoend with unusual caution.

We arrived in safety at the base of the snowy and fatal steep, of which our guide-in-chief declared he had only once before out of 202 ascents made one bo diffioult. There we met the four Germans of the third party, and pur guides left us safely in the valley while they went in search of the body, which was found in a mangled condition whore it had fallen over the precipice. The poor fellow had kept hold of his alpenstock till the last, but in vain had he endeavoured to save himself, the frozen surface of the snow affording no hold of any kind. The lesson of the two accidents cannot be too strongly impressed on climbers, especially the less experienced ones. Do not go without a guide, or two guides if necessary, and insist on having rope for any dangerous places.

Have ica-axes for the guides at least the same, or well-spiked atpenstooks, for the rest, and boots well nailed. A Sham Eight nejos Spanbatt. The Standard Berlin correspondent selegraphs on Wednesday The Emperor, who, as I stated yesterday, shared the night bivouac of the troops near Spandau, had an alarm given shortly' before one o'clock in the morning, and ordered them to march against the troops defending Spandau. The enemy was observed by the latter at three at the rtiKtnnra of about a thousand ieet. For more than an hour the fight remained undecided.

One battahon of the Second Footguards was then rowed by pioneers over the Havel. The landing having been effected without observation, the battalion suddenly attacked the left flank of the defenders, throwing them into complete disorder, and enabling the attacking party to carry, at six o'olock, the haghts.coin-manding Spandan. The Emperor than deEveref of the operations, which lasted about half an hour, and at the head of the 1st Battaljon of the Fusilier Guards rode into' Berlin as far as the late EmpOTor William's Palace, where the standards of the Berlin garrison are still kept. The firing had been thrcugaoat disttacfiy heard in Beran. The troops, despite their great exertions and the heavy rain which fell during the night, are in excellent canditkm.

Hiu Majesty Bent back the carnage and four which had been' sent for him. On bis arrival rh Beriin at ten o'clock, he looked extremely wall, and was euthnsiastically greeted by the people. Without any pause for rest, the Ernperor immediately est to work, and gave several audiences. At six o'clock tn the evening he retained to Potadam. The action of Carter's Little Liver Fills is pleasant, mild trat do not ptuffe.

THOUGHT-HEADING: AN EXPERIMENT WITH M. DTJMA8. A CRUISE TO THE NORTH CAPE VIEWS OF THE MIDNIUHT SUN. A RUNAWAY'S SrOfiY: JBY A WANDERER. THE CLIFFS OF FLAMBOROUGH AN AUGUST STROLL.

ILLUSTRATED FASHIONS A WALKING COSTUME, A SOUTHERN WATERING-PLACE THE ATTRACTIONS OF ILFRACOMBE. IN THE FLOOD: COMPLETE SHORT STORY. THE YOUNGEST MISS GREEN A FAIR OFFER. LOCAL NOTES AND QUERIES. THE CHILDREN'S COLUMN.

TEA-TABLE TALK. CHESS AND DRAUGHTS A JACKDAW'S FLIGHT. THE FARM AND THE HELD. THE CIVIL SERVICE. LAWYER'S CORNER, THE NEWS OF THE WEEK.

FIFTY-SIX COLUMNS. ONE PENNY. A most admirable papor." TAe Antiquary, A sheet that has, as it deserves, an extraordinary Literary World. Has an enviable reputation, and a namn that goo9 Voyoud' either shiro or national limits." Effective Ad-artitcr. The 56 columns of the Supplement to the Leeds Mercury form not merely a weekly newspaper, hut a local weekly ui'igarino of considerable merit." Quarterly Jiiticr.

It circulates very widely, not only anions the upper classei, hut also among the more refined and cultured artisans of the great clothing and irpn towns of Yorkshire." Notes and Queries. THE PARNELL EXPENSES FUND. The first meeting of the committee recently formed to collect subscriptions for this fund was hold in the Reform Club, Liverpool, yesterday, Mr. W. B.

Bowring (vice-chairman) presiding. Letters promising support from various parts of the country were road, and it was resolved to communicate with he Liberal Associations throughout' the country with the objeot of extending the movement and forming a National Committee. The treasurers loported the receipt of a large number of subscriptions, varying in amount from Is. to 100. The ooinmitteo are very desirous that the subscription-list shall be widely representative, and are prepared to receive the smallest amounts.

The treasurers are Messrs. A. W. Biggs and E. R.

Meade King, Reform Club, Liverpool. "The Rev. Professor Galbraith, of Trinity College, has subscribed 21 guineas to the Irish Parnell Indemnity Fund, which now exceeds 400. MR. O'DONNELL AND MR.

PARNELL. The Press Association learns that Mr. O'Donnell has "BTittou a letter from Italy instructing his solicitor to commence an action for libel against Mr. Parnell for having charged him with having been in collusion with the Times in bringing his late action against that paper. Before acting upon those instructions, Mr.

O'Donnell's solicitor has taken counsel's advice, wiih the result thata letter has boon written to Mr. O'Donnell adviaing him under the circumstances not to persist in bringing his aotion. Mr. O'Donnell's solicitor is awaiting his client's reply before proceeding further in the matter. THE VOLUNTEER CAPITATION GRANT.

The following officers of Volunteer Corps h3ve successfully passed tho higher examinations which entitle their corps to receive the extra grant of 30s. per anntrm on their account. Those qualifying under tho testa applied in the regular forces to captains before advancement to field rrnik are Captain J. B. Swain, 1st V.B.

Royal Fusiliers; Captain I P. J. Daniels, 4th V.B. West Surrey Captain A. A.

E. Woir, 3rd Middlesex Rifles Colonel W. S. Hawker, 2nd V.B. Duke of Cornwall's Light Infantry Captaiu E.

J. Blase, 2nd V.B. Somerset Light Infantry Capfaiu W. E. Jones, 3rd V.B.

Welsh Regiment (Cardiff) Captain J. W. Mann, 1st Wilts Rifles; Captain W. Turner, 2nd V. Brigade Southern Division R.A.

(Dorset) Captain W.J. Mackenzie, 5th V.B. Highland Light In-fautry (Glasgow Highland) Majors W. Carrington and R. Coppock, 4thV.B.

Cheshire Regiment (Stockport); Major C. W. Hazlehurst, 2nd V.B. Cheshire (Chester) Captains H. B.

Taster and T. G. Ewan, 1st Lancashire Artillery (Liverpool) Captain R. 0. H.

Bonsor, 2nd V.B. TVest Yorkshire (Bradford) Captain A. J. Eaboue, 1st V.B. South Staffordshire (HandsworthV; Major R.

Clive and Captain F. W. Dutton, 1st V.B. North Staffordshire (Stoke) and Major J. Wallace, 1st Newcastle Artillery, The Copybight Aot.

At the Westminster Police-court on Wednesday, Mr. A. E. Whitehouse, of the Hyde Park Gallery, St. George's-ploee, Knightsbridgo, appeared before Mr.

D'Eyuoonrt to answer to adjourned summonses taken out under the Copyright Act of 1862 (25 and 26 Vic, chap. 68), at the instance of Mr. Charles Hauff, London agent of Messrs. Adolphe Braun and of Paris, charging him with selling and multiplying for Bale pirated copies of several of their registered copyright photographs. Mr.

Harm appeared for the prosecution, Mr. R. C. Glen was counsel for the defendant. Mr.

Mann's contention was thai the Act of 1862, whiah spoke of copyright of works of British subject, incorporated the old Act of 1844, and the Order in Counoil thereunder, dated 10th January, 1852 tuade in consequence of the Convention between the English and French Governments) (giving reciprocal rights to authors of both countries. Mr. D'Eyncourt pointed out that if this was the case, the preamble of the 1862 Act was inconsistent. It referred to copyright of British subjects. That was the first Act which alluded to photo-, graphs.

Mr. Mann said he further relied on the recent Aet of 1886, which carried into effect the Convention of Berne incorporated in an Order in Conned of November 28th, 1887. This gave to tho author of a literary or an artistic work, flrat produced in on? of the foreign countries of the Copyright Union, the same right of copyright as if the work had been first pro duced in the United jtlingaom. Mr. wra.

jr. solicitor, gave evidence of the purchase of the alleged pirated photographs, and stated that the defendant did not have them in stoat at first, his assertion being that they had not been printed owing to tho wet weather. Aftor the sale, and when served with a. subpoena to Jroiuce the negatives, whioh he promised to do, he said that all the dealers did pretty much the same thing, and he supposed Messrs. Braun proceeded against him ftrongh spite, an assertion whioh was denied.

He also said that he was only conducting the business for the trustees of the late firm, of whioh he was a partner in the firm of Braun and from Paris, end Mr. Hnnff. tva Tendon opent. swore that the a AV.i iu "urograpns put in evidence were piracies, aua ad been conled from reduced negatives, Other formal evidence was given as to registration, and at the conclusion of the case for the prceeoution, Mr. Glen said the pictures were produced before registration, and upon the authority of a decision in the Court of Appeal no penalties wwd be taken in respeot of the sale of iracb.

after ease was therefore adjourned for evidence on "half of the defendant. Pereoas who pjtfgttrtioiw gives but Htfle exercise are YOEK CHAMBER OJP AGMCULTURE. BUTTEE-MAKING IN" YORKSHIRE. A meeting of the members of this Chamber was held yesterday at the Corn Exchange, York, Mr. J.

J. DtJOTOTCKCON Jeotbbson Thicket Priory) presiding. The principal business was to consider whether any endeavour shall be made to obtain for this district a portion of the grant of 5,000 made by Government with the object of spreading the knowledge of dairying and practical agriculture throughout the country. The Chatbman thought it would be a happy tiring if they could get for use in the district of the York Chamber some of the money "to be allowed by Government. Perhaps it would be well for the Chamber to apply to the Government for a sum equal to that which the district might contribute.

A letter had been sent by Lord Wenlock, in which he hoped the Chamber would make an effort to secure a portion of the grant, that it might be devoted to the spread of a knowledge of dairying in the York district. His LordBhip believed that the butter sold in and around York was capable of being enormously improved, and he would be glad if anything could be done towards securing improvement. Mr. Binnington (Sheriff Hntton) thought that funds might be raised through the agricultural clubs if proper steps were taken. Major Lesako said that the money obtained could be divided between lectures on agriculture and instruction in dairying.

Before moving any resolution he would say a few words on the general question. He agreed with Lord Wenlock that the butter produced in that neighbourhood was in many cases very interior. He knew of a manufacturer in the neighbourhood who used a considerable quantity of butter, and who found the article so unequal in quality that ho had to purchase from Ireland or other countries. Such a littlo country as Denmark, with only about two millions of people, fie found voted 3,000 or 4,000 a year for the promotion of the lower branches of agricultural education. Hence, in the first place, the 5,000 to be devoted for the promotion of the lower branches of agriculture in our own country was utterly inadequate.

Still it was a beginning, and ne hoped that in future years it would be largely increased. He found that a travelling dairy for the purpose of conveying instruction had been set on foot in Ireland by Canon Bagot. It was a remarkable fact that wherever the dairy had been improvement could be traced. This was a very practical method of carrying on the work, and thev might in York direot their efforts to Borne extent on those lines. Canon Bagot's van and working parts of the dairy were made by Mr.

Pattison, of York. Surely the scheme could be imitated in Yorkshire. The coBt of the van, including hot and cold water fittings, cisterns, boilers, was, according to Mr. Jenkinson's report to the Boyal Commission, 115. Other appliances would doubtless be necessary, such as separators and churns but it might reasonably be supposed that for 200 or 250 a travelling dairy could be equipped.

He believed the cost of working the dairv was something like 7 per week. In Ireland the doiiy had been hired out by the Royul Agricultural Sooiety of Ireland to various districts the large landed proprietors had guaranteed the 7 per week and the necessary cream whilst the van was in their districts, and the butter manufactured had been handed over to them hence the 7 had not all been money out of pocket. This was a practical suggestion, and if they could determine what sum would be adequate to meet the establishment of suoh a dairy, it would be quite proper to ask the Government to allot to them half of the cost out of the grant of 5,000. He thought members of the Chamber would be glad to assist in the development of a scheme of that nature, and he therefore moved that application be made for a Bum, to bo afterwards deciiied, to be allotted out of the 5,000 in question, for the promotion of instruction in dairy -work throughout that district of Yorkshire. Mr, Diokson (Heslington) seconded the proposition.

He believed that the German Government voted 40,000 per year in connection with the promotion of agriculture and in view of the present condition of the industry in Britain, as much help as possible was needed from the Government. There was much difference of opinion as to the methods to be pursued in butter-making. The wives of many Yorkshire fanners had been at a disadvantage, as the dairies at nianv of tho homesteads had had to be used as store-rooms for food as well as for the making of butter. While there might be exceptions, he believed they had farmers' wives iu Yorkshire who would "not turn their backs on any professor as to the making of good butter. ByBornethoy were told that the butter should be made from the new milk as it came directly from the cow by others that it should be allowed to remain for two days prior to manipulation, and by others that good butter could not be made unless the cream was properly ripened.

However, they would not do wrong if they could get aid from the Government by which they could be assisted and instructed. Mr. Illetowobth (Haxby) said it was singular that a van should have to be sent into an enlightened dairy district to teach people how to make butter. He could find a hundred dairywomen who could produce as good butter as could be furnished by Ireland or any other country, and if they wanted to benefit the rising generation they should put them in situations at places where these women could instruct them. The butter trade was a good deal like the horse trade it was very much a matter of fancy.

Perhaps the principal thing was in knowing how to treat the milk from the commencement, and that was known to practical dairy women. Farmers could not produce good butter under Is. per and yet during a glut the York market it had more than once been sold at 7d. They always considered the Irish people dirty people, and for hrs part he could scarcely fancy butter from Ireland. (Laughter.) If improvements could be made or dronish people be stirred up through the agency of such a van as that referred to he was quite agreeable.

His only fear was that Government would be compelling them to construct dairies in a certain way, and that they would have salaried persons going about telling them only what they already knew, and then they would have to pay for it, just as they had had to pay for Board Schools. Mr. Watjdsb (Escrick) asked if it would not be well first of all to try to obtain help through the Yorkshire Agricultural Society. That society had carried out experiments with artificial manures, and this was part and parcel of tho sanie movement. Dairying was really a small item on most farms in Yorkshire.

They wanted every branch experimentalised upon. He thought the Yorkshire Society might take the dairying question up, so long as it had some control over the expenciitare. The Chaiehan thought that the Yorlrshire Society would not recognise any mdividnal Chamber. What they did as a Chamber had better be for their own particular district. If the Yorkshire Sooiety took any action, it would be for the benefit of the whole of the county.

He should be pleased to bring the question before the council of the Yorkshire Society. Speaking of the pice of butter, the Chairman said that he knew a person who was getting Is. 6d. per lb. the year through.

What they wanted was a uniform sample now it was good one week and bad another of one colour oiie week and another colour next week. Hence lectures on dairying would be of great advantage. The glut in the local markets might be avoided by the production of butter of uniform quality, which could then be sold, instead of compelling persons to buy from Denmark, to which country we now paid 1,000,000 per year for butter. The proposition was then put to tho meeting and carried, and the proceedings terminated. Losd Lonsdale among the Indians.

A communication was recently received from Lord Lonsdale bringing his diary up to the 8th of May, when he was just leaving the Athabasca Biver for a spot further north, and hoped to reach the Arctio Ocean. From later details it appears that his Lordship has had anything but a pleasant time. Last winter was very severe at Lake Athabasca, and the Indians were frequently unable to hunt, and as rabbits were remarkably scarce they suffered greatly from hunger. Nineteen out of tho one camp of twenty-three Indians died of starvation at a point about four days' travel north-east of Chippewayan. The Hudson Bay Cornpanyaentout provisions to the camp, and brought in the survivors.

About fifty Indians were starved to death in the district. A Betjtal HrsBAND. The Times Paris correspondent telegraphs on Wednesday A criminal case which has excited some interest was heard to-day, JSrsncoia Bontemps, who ttrms land of which he is proprietor at Bois Colombes, appeared this morning before the Court accused of having caused the death of his wife by cruel treatment. As the medical evidence showed the immediate cause of death to be consumption, the prisoner was simply charged with striking and wounding his wife. He has been twice married.

He maltreated his first wife, and it was after a violent attack he" made on her that she committed suicide. A few months afterwards he married again. He treated his second wife no better than the first, He kicked her, arid while she was bleeding from the wounds he jiad inflicted compelled her to work. He refused to give her sufficient, food, and in the depth of winter compelled her to sleep in a deserted stable, open to the windB. She caught severe colds, which terminated in consumption.

'Wliqel she with the greatest difSculty was able to return to the house of her parents, where she died on the 13th of laBt month. The prisoner when examined in presence of the dead body broke ont into violent complaints against his wife. He said he struck her because she would not work. The Court sentenced Bontemps to one year's imprisonment and a fine of 2i)0t, and found him liable in 5001 damages, with interest, to the father of the deceased. Get a Botob To-dat op Pbbbv Davis's Patr-Kiiieb, the Oldest, Bast, and most Widely Knorn JUmfly Medidtio In.

the World. It rratardly BeSteveeaca Cine Severe Scal Boms, Smsias, Bruises, Toothache, Headache, Pains tn the Side, Joints, and Limbs, Bn3 all Neuralgic anil Bheiimatio Pains, TVk-eii internally, Gores at onco Ooughs, Sudden damp in Stomach, Colic, Dkrrhcea, and Cholera Infantum. PAIN KILLER is the great Household Medi-fline, and affords Relief not to be obtained by other Eeinedics, AST coasts, for it would be impossible for the Royal Artillery to be everywhere, and they would have other work to do. Therefore te trusted the public would consider the arming of the forts round the coast, and the instructing of tho Volunteer Artillery in the use of the improved ordnance, which they would have to use at home. No doubt it would cost much money, but it would have to be spent if the country was thoroughly roused, not in a sense of panio, but to consider in a calm spirit what was necessary for the defence of the country.

His Lordship then expressed the thanks of the Volunteers to Mrs. Nicholson, the wife of the Commandant, for consenting to present the prizes in, the unavoidable absence of the Marchioness of Lome, Colonel Nicholson, Commandant of the School of Gunnery, assured the noble Earl that the Royals had done their best to further the objects of the meeting, and that they would have done far more had it been in their power. They had now come to the end of a very successful practice. The meeting had been successful, not only account of the work that had been done, but also on account of the behaviour of the men in camp. In fact, apart from the weather, it had been snccessf ul in every respect but while the Royal Artillery had done all ins their power to promote the success of the meeting, they were not entitled to take all the credit to themselves.

That satisfactory result was due to the thorough manner in which the work of the National Artillery Association was carried on as far as their funds and appliances would allow. He was sure that they would endeavour to make their work; year by year more and more practical. It was quite clear; that up to the present time they had not done a very great amount of practical work, although such work as they did was calculated to do the men good, and the men themselves felt the benefit of it. Thanks were due to the Volua teer officers for the maintenance of discipline in camp, but he could not help saying that the non-commissioned officers and men were deserving of recognition as much as anybody else. It was to their good sense, to their good feeling, and to their patriotism that nearly the whole of the success was to be attributed.

As to tho work that had been done, he observed that the firing had not been better; than last year. Now, he always liked to see some improvement andBome advance. A great Prussian General waa once asked what were the duties of the Artillery. Ha replied, Their duties are three--first to hit, second to hit, third to hit." That was an accurate description of whaS they had to do. When he said that the firing this year; was not quite up to the average, helid not mean to say that the prizes were not won with admirable scores.

Those scores did immense credit to the competing detachments. The falling off was in the average scores. The average score W03 of course a very serious consideration. They did not want one detachment that could hit anything, while others could hit nothing. What they wanted was that all detachments should be able to hit the marie fairly well.

In the lOin. competitions the work was very' good, which showed that if the Volunteers did not; earn everything at that meeting, they at any rate learnt something which would put them in the way of becoming really honest and sound gunners. Personally, he should not: be afraid to be in any fort fighting against any foe if it was manned by Volunteer Artillery with a fortnight's practicaJl experience. (Cheers.) The repository work had been excellent It did the men great credit. The extension the time allowance had had an excellent effect, for although time was a very important factor in this kind of work, it was not everything.

While they liked to sea smartness on the part of the men with a view to keeping' them up to their work, hurry was very undesirable. Tho time within which the competing was got through, especially by one detachment, was extremely short. If; was excellent, and did tho competitors great credit. He quite agreed with the noble Earl's remarks on the question of national defence. Although the silver streak our great national protection, it should not be forgotten that it was liable at; times to be broken through.

Our insular position wu.s from many points of view a great advantage, but it was accompanied by the corresponding disadvantage of exposing an immense line of coast to an enemy. "Thac coast must be Defended. The fleet could not be stationed all round it. No Power in the world could do thai, neither could the army be all round it, although the main points of home defence must 'depend upon the army. Is followed, therefore, that while the navy was the first lino of defence, the main points must be defended sooner or later by the regulars, the Volunteers, and the auxiliaT.v forces.

He hoped the Volunteers would always feel this, and was convinced that it would be a great if the public felt it too. If the Volunteer movement fell oft simply because the men thought they would never be wanted, it would bo a very serious thing for Englanu, and would make invasion not only possible but probable. This year the number of detachments in camp was larger than it had been before. He hoped that next year it would be larger still, and that the year after that the number would nave again increased. He particularly hoped thers would be no falling off in the number of detachments from the north.

The southerners were glad to see them, and it was mutually advantageous that the competitors should come from all parts of the kingdom. A competition, between southerners alone would be practically worthless, compared with a thoroughly national contest, The prizes were then distributed by Mrs, Nicholson. The following are the local scores in the 40-porjndet competition of Wednesday Corns. Firing Time. 4.23K...

S.43... 4.51 4.36 4.0 4.5 3.40 2nd East; Tor! uemcument. 1 2 0 0 Total. 12 6 0 12 36 21 6 Do Do. a Do.

5 Co. 2nd 1 Jrt Bast YorkslYork) 1 Do. 1 Do. rWhltby). latnrke 1 0 0 6 ,000 sac 6 12 12 0 12 0 4 0 0 6 9 12 12 IS 6 0 12 0 9 12 12 39 30 35 12 4feert 3rd prize" 2 Do I 0 0 0 12 The local scores made with the lOin.

18-ton gun are 4th West York, 1st and 2nd detachments, 24, made up of two directs and a miss, in 6 min. 34 sec. third prize, 2nd East York (Hull), 1st and 2nd detachments, 18, iu 0 min. 15 sec, or 15 sec. overtime, for which one point wan deducted.

The 1st East York (York and Bridlington) detachments made 16, but were 3 min. 22 sec. over the specified tinier for which 11 points were deducted. An Alabhtng Advshttob Whilst the Hon. and Rev, Graham Colborne, Vicar of Dittisham, Devon was driving in company with a Mrs.

and Miss ward on a road nearTornen on Wednesday, the horse took fright and bolted into the river Dart. Mrs. Ward sprang-from the carnage, as did Mr. Colborne, but Miss ward could not get out before the animal drew the vehicle into deep water. Both Mrs.

Ward and Mr. Colborne entered the river to try to stop the horse, but the Vicar had waded up to his neck before he succeeded in rescuing Miss Ward, The horse was drowned. To Djjuben Gbet Hjje, Loctyer's Sulphur Hair.