The Leeds Mercury from Leeds, West Yorkshire, England • 20

HE EEEDS MERCURY WEEKLY SUPPLEMENT, SATURDAY, JUNE 188L Samuel Crawford. Then the chapel wm nd by a soeieh) of General Baptists, although from its fooadation ft THE FARM AND THE Hints on Drtss and Cookery, LOCAL N0TESAND QUERIES. Number OXXVI. THS HGHT AT AJOWALTONMOOE. "Jonathan Oldbubk, contributes 'tha following notes on this subject The fight at Adwalton Moor took place on the 30th of June, 1643.

If noticed at all in imperial hiBtoiy, it is in tho briefest manner possible. Clarendon never once alludes to it in his "History of the Rebellion," and yet fnr Bfitnn mhoii nr other less important struecles of that deficient as regards "sanitary arrangements," forestalled us in having an order of "meat inspectors, under 'iaedioal sanitary offioers" It seems so, for we are told that to many places where manorial courts were held certain ofBcera were annually by whom were regulated the supply and qualky of victuals, Amongst these were the viewers of flesh (carnarii), who exercised superintendence over the butchers Mohk Bkemw PnroBV -Piiory of ths Monks at Bretton, commonly called tiurton. Monk is derived from the Greek monos, alone, and Signifies the same as a solitary, or one who Jives sequestered from the company and conversation or the rest of tho world, and is usually applied to those who dedicate themselves wholly to the service ot religion in soma monastery or religious house, and under the direction or some particular statutes or rule. Bretton, another reading for Burtou, or the fortified town. Bur, from burh, O.E., a fortress.

Ton, from tun, O.E., a. town, to. Priory, a religious house occupied by a society of monks or nuns, the chief of whomwas termed a prior or prioress. Prior, former, better, signifying a head over others. a sufiix signifying "place." Ex.

Rectory, the rector's place 'or house. The enchorial designation Burton was given to this place by the O.E. possessor in times far anterior to the erection of the religious house by the monks. This Priory, dedicated to St. Mary Magdalene, was founded by Adam FitzSweyne for the Cluniac Monks about the year 1166, and was the only establishment of that prder in Yorkshire excepting one at Pontefract.

They were the first branch of the Benedictines, and lived under the rule of Clugni. St. Bernon, of the family of the Earls ot Burgundy was the founder of the order. In the year 910 he built a monastery for the reception of Benedictine monks in the town of iu the Masonnois, a little province of France, on the'river Garonne. The Cluniacs wero first brought into England by William, Earl of Warren, about the year of our Lord 1077- Themonaatenea of Cluniac monks in England at the time of the dissolution of religious houses amounted in number to thirty-eight.

About two miles from the town of Barusley is to be found all that remains of the Priory of Monk Burton. iho hills," savsalocal writer, "rise boldly to a considerable altitude, and are studded with portions of those woods through whose glades in times gone by resounded the music of the Priory bells, ofttimes striking welcomely the ear of some weary traveller, and reminding him of his near approach to a spot where he might obtain rest and refreshment before proceeding on his journey. At most of the monasteries travellers were furnished with lodging and food tor three days without being questioned as to their business, but after that time they stayed not, unless they rendered an account thereof." We contrast with this the hard, stern rule of the casual ward of the present age, and perhaps sentimentally give sigh of regret as we think of the old liberal monastic system that has passed away. We can afford to do this without wishing to revive the ancient institution, knowing well how open to mendicancy and imposture it would be in the midst of a country teeming with enormous masses of people. In those days, the population being scanty, and the houses of entertainment few, aid, refreshment, and lodging were not easily obtained, and the monastery seemed to be exactly the right thing in the right place," to give succour at the right time, until abuses arose, and necessity compelled the cessation of tho system.

The monks -that once liv'd thore havo lone passed away Tho the feast, the memorial blest; Both priors and brothers havo sunk to decay We tread o'er theii bones in their deep, quiet rest. How still was thoir life, and how oalm wero their days How gen'rous their alms, and how loving their care They Cii what they coulii," be their guerdon of praise, Strive we to outvie, if Christ's love wo would share If only a cup of cold water we give, 'Twill be blest by tho smile of Him whom wo love And He. the All-Holy, before whom we live, In His tarn will give of the treasure above. NATURE AND SCIENCE. tfiOoal and General Observations.

EXTINCT ENGLISH ANIMALS. A reoent article in Ifature on subject stataS that the Common brown bear made its appoarohce, on the Continent In'the pleistocene age, crossed over to Britain while the areas of the North Sea. and of the English Channel were fertile valleys abounding in animal life. Its remains occur both in the river deposits and in the caves, aud have been met with in the turbaries and alluvia of England and of Sootland, which belong to the pre-historic period. It was hunted by the neolithic inhabitants of Britain, and used for food by the inhabitants of Colchester and Richmond in Roman times.

From the "Pcnitentiale" of Archbishop Egbert 760), in whioh the flesh of say animal torn by dog, wolf, fox, or bear, or any other wild animal, is forbidden to be used for human food, it is clear that it was alive in this country at that time. In the days of Edward tho Confessor, Norwioh furnished annually one bear to the King, and six dogs for the baiting of it. This, however, does not prove the existence of wild bears in Britain at that date, because was almost a national sport among the English until bears became too costly and the publio taste too refined for such brutal exhibitions. Fitz- Stephen tells us, in the roign of Henry that the young Londoners amused themselves in the forenoon of every holiday iii the winter season with boar-fights or bull and bear baiting. A grand exhibition of bear-baiting took place at Hatfield House when Queen Mary visited her sister, the Princess Elizabeth, during her confinement there, with-which their Highnesses were right, well content." Soon after the ascension of the latter to the throne she entertained the Spanish Ambassadors with bulls and bears, and some years afterwards she received the Danish Ambassador at Greenwioh, and entertained him with bear-baiting, "tempered with other merry disports." On one 'occasion, at ICenilworth, no less than 13 bears were baited before the Queen with large ban-dogs.

From these notices it is evident that Queen Elizabeth was vary fond of this sport. Some "of the great nobles and ecclesiastics also kept beara and bear-wards. Latterly there were travelling bear-wards dependent upon their patrons. The bear was probably extinct iu Britain about the time of the Norman Conquest, and it is not known to have existed in Ireland within the historic period. THE FLYING-FISH AND ITS FOE.

Soma doubt has boon thrown on the pursuit of the flying-fiBh by the so-called dolphin, the ooryphene but in the followiugaarrative, supplied to the New Orleam Times, the writer gives an account of such a chase, accompanied by a much rarer circumstance One afternoon, during a voyage on a sailing vessel bound to a West Indian port, while the ship was making some four or five miles an hour; a coryphene wasobserved gambolling under the bows, going ahead a little, as if to show its superior Bpeed, and then returning to its frolics. While the sailors were fastening the harpoon to a liue, the coryphene sighted a flying-fish. At once it stiffened itself; its whole body quivered as if with exoitement its tail was agitated from one side to another, and it started in pursuit, bounding over the surface of the sea with leaps of some lo or 20 feet. Although a stem chase is held to be a very long one, this lasted less than a minute one of the leaps brought the coryphene right under the terrified flying-fish, which seemed to fall into its enemy's jaws. The latter returned to its "playground" under tho bows, and was harpooned, brought on board, and cut up within two minutes after its meal.

The flying-fish was token out whole, uninjured. The coryphene is the beautifully coloured fish noted for the shifting and varieties of its tint? when expiring. It is commonly but erroneously called a dolphin, as in the well-known line, The dving dolphin's changing hues." Now, in regard to the flying-fish, I have watched them on many voyages, and I can confirm the observers who describe its motion as leap, not an act of flying. It springs out of tho water, gradually rising to the middle of its course, then' falling, describing a parabola just as an arrow does in its flight. I have repeatedly seen them change direction during the leap, making a deflection amounting to about a half angle, never more.

But I cannot agree with Mr. Whitman, who estimates the length of their leap to be as much as 800, or even 1,200 feet. I opine that about 200 feet is a pretty big jump for one of these fishes, and instead of 40 soconds. I calculate the time occupied in a long leap at 15, which gives a velocity of nine miles and a fraction per hour. RODRIGUEZ AND ITS FAUNA.

The meeting of the Leeds Naturalists' Club was this week devoted to a lecture by the Rev. H. H. Slater, B.A., F.Z.S., of Eipon, on The Island of Rodrigues and its Fauna, as they were and as they are." Mr. Slater was the naturalist to Her Majesty's "Transit of Venus Expedition" to Rodriguez.

He stated that the island, which is situated outside of Madagascar, in the Indian Ocean, is insignificant in size, being only twelve miles long and six broad. Palm and orange trees, the latter richly laden with fruit, form a striking feature of its woods. The island is composed of lava large piles of the basalt which geologists called dolorite and the only exception to its volcanic structure, of Mraline. Jimestone-lflrge "marine coral upheaved bv the basalt. The are i -i -n ul dishonest, dirty, revengeiui, auu Kary imo.

jrruceeuing to describe the fauna of Eodriguez, Mr. Slater first dealt with its mammalia. Almost.he only indigenous mammal is a large fruit-eating bat, flying fox. Its body is about the size of a half-grown rabbit, and it may be seen in the daytime hanging from the branches of thick-leaved treeB by its hind legs. The wild cats are numerous, and very large.

They howl at night just as our own pussy does on the tiles. Among the recently extinct birds were a small orange-headed fiuch and a small short-winged warbler. Those were the only two kinds peculiar to the island. The solitaire, which has been' extinct for some time, was closely related to the dodo, which latter, had existed on the neighbouring island of Mauritius. Merciless man is chiefly to blame for the extinction of these interesting birds.

There are indications, from the bones and remains of animal life, that the island was undisturbed for centuries also that food was found on it so abundantly that many birds had no need to fly for it, until the solitaire lost its power of flight, whilst in tho owl and hermon it was all but lost. Of reptiles, the land tortoise is now extinct tbore but of insects, centipedes, auts, and mosquitos ore still abundant, making their presence disagreeably felt by all visitors. The remains, especially of birdB, strongly supported Darwin's theory of tho survival of the fittest. In all the group of islands, there are similar fauna, but with characteristics distinctly modified, according to tho conditions and circumstances of each. A few years ago it would have been considered almost horrible, and certainly unbecoming, for a clergyman to countenance Darwin's theory but Mr.

Slater is certain the further we get in our knowledge of science and of natural history, the more we shall find that science revealed'and religion revealed agree with one another. Such discrepancies as now seem to exist are duo simply to our imperfect and undeveloped knowledge of science, and his belief is that in due time science and religion will be found going hand in hand. The Glasgow Mechanics' Institution, which has been working for sixty years, is now converted into a College of Science and Arts. Mr. B.

H. Cook proposes in the Philosophical Magazine the term sonorescence as suitable for the phenomena connected with the telephone and the conversion of intermittent radiations iuto sound. An Anthropological Society has heen established at L3'ons, with" M. Chantre as secretary-general. That city already possessed an anthropological museum, and a chair of anthropology at its Faoulty of Sciences.

Colour blindness and other similar imperfections of vision are believed to be on the increase among us, and the Anthropometric Committee of the British Association are taking steps to obtain statistics on this curious question. MM. des Cloizeaux and Damour describe in the Onnwtes Sendus a new mineral, to whioh they give the name- of Ohalconienite." It. is found, in small green crystals in the Argentine Republic, associated with selenite of lead, it appears to oe a new seiemae oi copper. M.

Bondet has constructed an apparatus for relieving pain by mechanical vibration. It consists of a turdng-fork kept in constant vibration by an electromagnet, and the tremors thus produced are communicated directly to the skin by means of a rod. The efficacy of vibrations is no doubt due to the irritating effects of the shocks on the terminal twigs of the nerves, and it is expeoted that many kinds of pain will be dispelled by the use of this appliance. When the nerves' are not too deep-seated, Boudet'B apparatus is said to be capable of charming away neuralgia in a few minutes. When it is applied to the skull it produces a sense of giddiness and a desire to sleep.

In the new edition of his wori on the coalfields of Great Britain, Prof. Hull states that the. South Wales coalfield, after that of the Valley of the Clyde, is ths largest in Great Britain, and contains vertical strata of more than 10,000 feet. Of this total depth only 120 feet are coal. As the lowest coal-bed must have at one time been exposed to air and water for the growth of the plants winch formed the coal in their decay, the South Wales coalfield testifies to a subsidence of the earth sufficient to have brought, some of tho highest Alps to the sea level.

It is only, however, to a depth of 4,000 feet that, having regard to the increased heat of the earth as we descend, coal can be won but even with this limitation the supply left in the veins of the. distriot is sufficient to supply consumption at its present rate for 1,800 years. Professor Allman on Tuesday week resigned tho office of President of the Linnioan Society, which he has held for some years, and Sir John Lubbock was elected to the presidency iu his place. Mr. B.

D. Jackson was reelected Botanical Secretary, and Mr. G. J. Romanes, so well known for his researches on the physiology of the jelly-fishes, on animal intelligence, and on nerve evolution, was by a large majority elected Zoological Secretary in the place of the late M.r.

E. R. Alston. This election, together with the addition of Prof. Lankester to' the council, a guarantee, remarks the Academy, that the claims of modern biology will in future receive fuller attention than hitherto from the council.

Prof. A. W. Eichler, director of the Royal Botanio Garden and Museum at Berlin, has recently been eleotod a foreiga member of the socisty. legitimately uiuuw ia, uuvpcuuwb.

new chapel was built in Hunslet-lane, close to what i aow the South Market, and was oalled White Hall ChaneL from its contiguity to the old White Cloth Hall, Jno. Edwards, of Shrewsbury, being the first mirmt there: He resided in Ireland some tjme, where, nndertha preachiiig of Whitfield, he was called to a knowledge of the truth. After labouring earnestly for about thirty years, his health began to fail, and the Rev. Edward Parsons became co-pastor 'in 1784. months after Mr.

Edwards died, and was buried in tifl burial-ground of the Leeds Parish Church. Mr. Parsons then became sole pastor of the church. In 1790 Salem Chapel was built. Mr.

Parsons resigned his ehar at White Hall and became pastor of Salem, to which place 100 of the members had retired. This for a tirjs weakened the original church, which for two years was without a pastor and in April, 1792, the Rev. Geor Wilson, of Durham, accepted a unanimous iuvitation and the same week took possession of the chanel' house. When he had been pastor for thirteen yeari he resigned his charge. What became of Sir.

is not known, but it is said that for some yean he was a bookseller in Kirkgate. There are a few curious records in the Church-book in 1793-4-5, of public collec tions for candles, amounting to about three pounds each also for the General Infirmary, of about 10. There soemi to have been annual double lectures by noted micistwT after which there were dinners at the Three legs and Mr. Armitage (father of Mr. W.

J. Armitage) paid'Sfo? the dinners. Mr. Wm. Eccles, a student at itothe 'hara College, became pastor in 1807.

A great interest waa ex. cited iu Leeds towards the missionary eauso by thi ordination of Mr. Knill, at White Chapel, iu 1816. ft, Eccles resigned in 1818. The Rev.

Thos. Scales oi Wolverhampton, became the next minister, in 1819. need of a new place of worship was much felt, th0 White Chapol. being inconveniently situated and shut out from the view of public streets. A favourable site was purchased at Queen-street, at a cost of 7,000.

A new chapel was erected there, and opened 2tth April, 182 To this the church and pastor removed, and Mr. ScaW continued the minister until 1849, when he resigned. Ih, Rev. Wm. Guest, of Reading, was the next pastor, until I860, when he resigned, and was succeeded by the Kev Wm.

Thomas, of Bradford, in 1861, who has coutlmiei the pastor until the present time. THE ESK WATERSHED. Mr. W. Mason, Middlesbrough, contributes the following correction to the article on the Ouse and iti Tributaries (CXXV.) W.

B. his interesting description of ft. Ouse and its Tributaries," referring to the Esk at Whitby, says the harbour is formed by the river Esk. This stream has its rise in Gothland, some seven or eisht miles from Whitby, and drains the surrounding country This is not correct, for the Gothland Beck is only tributary of the Esk. The river rises in theEskhiOj a little to the west of Ralph Cross, some twenty miles west of Gothland, and runs by way of Westerdale Castletoo.

when it joins the Comundale Beck, which rises in Sled! dale, and some springs in the manor of Great Ayton. 0a of the springs was a good many years ago severed from the tributaries of the Esk, and led to an assize trial at York, at the instance of Messrs. Elgin, of Muswarp Flour Mills. It was at this trial that old Pai Cornforth appeared as a witness. The spring had been diverted by the Chandlers, of Gnis.

borough, through whose lands it flowed, to another part of their estate. The counsel for the defence put tat following question to Paul Well, Mr. Sheep-head, and what do you know about this?" Why, I was thinking that ma sheep head and tha pig scope wad mack good broth." The counsel was not prepared for so sharp a repartee. But how do you know it was the tama water Why, I know vary weel, because I blunder1! it when it went in, and it cum out blunder'd at tho other end." The water had been diverted by a covered drain, The jury gave the verdict against the Ruswarp Mill pro. prietors, because it was laid down in law that persons could divert water in their own landB for their own benefit.

The spring in question now supplies the beautiful grounds of Mr. J. W. Pease, M.P., at Ilutton Hall, and the village? of Hutton with water. The Esk will be some 30 miles in length from its riBe without its numerous branches, lutthj large flour mill at Ruswarp in that day needed all the Sow of water they could get when the tide was down to drivt quick, as they would oe irouoiea wim Dacswator iron the Esk tidal flow.

Ord's Cleveland has an accompanying map, which shows all the watershed of ths Esk. The Surname further answer G. Emmett (CXXHI.) It would seem from a part o( the question that the family referred to is that oi tie Emmotts, which is not the same aB the one of which the inquirer is a member. The Emmotts are a weii-tnoira family in that part of Yorkshire which bovder.3 upon Lancashire, hi the neighbourhood of Colne, aud tin principal family of the name has been seated at Emmott Hall, Emmott, near Colne, for many generations. In that church are to bo found several monuments showing the former importance of the family, but of which, probably, the following is the most interesting An epitaph of Wiiiiam Ernot, made by himselfo, who died September 6th, 1080: Ceaso labours rest ye seas oi cares and fceares, i.

Whose wave hath tost mo lire and forty yeavei And now inyne oyea cot slcope, sleepo here till they Waking shall my Eedcomer glorie sea Sleeue till my happie soule rejoyned may With recreated boiy live tor aye. Wmttii EmoS It is Baid, with some show of probability, that tha fint house at Emmott was erected by Robert de Emot in the reign of Edward but tradition ascribes a still earliei date for the settlement there of the first of the Another branch was formerly settled at Haworth, in the old house there, also called Emmott Hall, built apparently in the reign of Henry VIII. Dr. Whitaker thinks that the name means the "mouth, of the waters," and ii suggested by a copious spring adjoining the hall near Colne. The name Eamout," applied to a well-know; stream in Westmoreland, seems to give support to toil derivation.

General Envmott, Rawdon, alluded to in ths inquiry, is owner of part of the Emmott e'states. A. A. Leeds at the Beginning of the reply to "Leodiensis" "Curio" wrtoa) follows I beg to state there is a 12mo. book, entitled An History of consisting of a series of letters to a friend, written in 1797, whicn gives some curious information respecting the town aud neighbourhood, and also a history of Eirkstall Abbey.

The book, which was published at'Leeds, and is now very scarce, is said (in tie copy in my possession) to have been written by one of tie Birchall family. I would also refer Leodiensis to 'lis Leeds a work containing many interesting and varied particulars, printed for John Ryley by Etwmo Baines On the same subject, Mr. Treu. MS states that there is a good account of Leeds, by Bigland, in The Beauties of England and Wales, vol pp. 775-795, published in 1812; also an account a "A Description of England and Wales, 1770," vol.

s-j p. 228, with a- curious view of Kirstall Abbey; ano another in Cox's Magna Britannic," 1720-31, vol. vi. p. 402.

Eobekt Askb and the "Pilgrimage Geace." In No. "Micklefield" and Ered. Ross, Loudon, give information in reference to Robert Aske, tho Captain-General of the Pilgrimage a Grace. I find from facts that Mr. Ross is mistaken some of his assertions 03 regards the Aske family.

married Margaret Aske, the heiress of the Aske tamuji. collateral, and I hold several heirlooms and aocume of the family, including the pedigree and wills, from time of Sir Robert Aske, Kmght, who married Elizabem, the daughter of Lord John Clifford, of Londesborougtj But I will refer readers to General Harrison's Bistorv Yorkshire. There they will find authentic particuiw from tho giants and inquisitions and the former mor.as.ia writintrs. There are but two females of the Aske aiid Fairfax living collateral, one at Gillmg US' i and Margaret Coultons, formerly Margaret Aske, at port, Brough, Couwoss, Giloeraywi near Brough. ANOTHER CENTENABrAN.

The following is copy of an inscription on a tombstone in Kirkby Churchyard: "Here lyeth the body of George Whart) late of Laverton, in the parish of Kirkby Malzeard, died the 23rd of January, 1844, at the advanced a i of years." (Eor lists of Yorkshire centenarians see Ci11, Mak Lisieb, Barden. Maby White. In next -weuk's number. QUESTIONS ASKED. Old G-bavestones at Gxjiselet.

Caa reader give me information as to tho two old gravestw-j that are to be seen at Guiseley Green Beck Bottom' have copied the inscriptions, as follows (I.) Hero Ives tho body of Nathen Overend.oi Guisolsr, "Aji the llth day of the 5th monnthicaUed July, in the 20th yem ago, Anno Domini N. 1 688. rMt1, (II.) Hero lyeth interod tho body of Joshua Overend, oi Offis) the youngest eon of William Overend, who departed tnu day of tho 6th mounth called August, ia tho 3th year oi Anno Domini T. 1685. Just across the stream from the Yeadon side of the there is another stone bearing the following J- with no date.

Thos. B. Thompson, Pudsey. The Place-name Goous." Could tha Mr. Gresnwell give me any -information as to B.

of tho name of this town, Goole? On old tombstones' the neighbourhood it is variously spelt Goffl, Gowle, Gooi, My own opinion is that it low, swampy place. Sore eyes and discharginE 0( are, in this part, sometimes said to covered with gowle." William SHiEiohrrr. MOGGHEDGE, A OTJBNALI8T. 111 an old in my possession reference ia made to "a person oi name of Moggridge," who was the printer of oue earliest of the English provincial newspapers, ana used to insert intelligence from Yorkshiro, whea any, under tha head of Foreign News." Is aW'utijj known of Moggridge? Of what newspaper was a printer? X. The Yoekshike Wedgwoods.

CouM (CXXV.) inform me where to get a pedigree of shire Wedgwoods U. a. Printed and Published by Edwabd Bainbs aot So- the Mercwy-office, 76, Albion-street, Leeds, county of York. folloifW Advertisements forwarded aaily-irom the i offices London Office: Sleet-street, E.O. Bbadfoed Omas Albion Chambers, 6, BWW' Htoi Oehob 48, Lowgate.

Saturday, June Feurth. By an Agricultural Correspondent The splendid rains of tho past week, together with the tisB in temperature, are just what were so urgently needed Jo give corn, roots, clovers, and grasses the means of rapid growth. It is too late for a good or even fair first out of hay, and tho late barleys can soarcely make up for' all' their lost time; but wheat has now got enough moisture to carry it on till harvest, though, of course, a few ghowera now and then will he desirable; and roots should now he thiols in plant, except where early mangels have been cut off by the frosts. The chances for a good general harvest aTe not very promising. Wheat starts well lor a full crop, if the rest of the season should be suitable but barley, oats, and beans, as a whole, will need very exceptionally favourable weather up to harvest to tiring them up io average crops- This conclusion is arrived at after a very wide survey of some of the most important joom-growing districts of the' On some rich soils )fche crops are very promising, and my remarks apply sto be average, and not to exceptions.

We may get just the Season required to fores late orops on to luxuriant tnaturity; but, as already observed, tho chances are kgainsfrsuch exceptional good fortune. I never knew the iorous generally io be more backward than they are to-day, a rule, a rather early harvest is the most prolific. Btill; there is'reason for great rejoicing at the bounteous fall of 'rain at such a critical period. If warm.weather Ifoliow, its value will be inestimable. Stock-owners are Bow gladdened with the prospect of more feed for cattle fold' sheep.

The conrauedprevalence' of disease is now their greatest idrawback; and the l-estrictions on the movement of animals very disadvantageous at this time of 'year, It iBfarnusing to Mr. Staveley Hill objecting to the Srish Bill in these words If they liked to have tt.eir custom, in Ireland, let them have it. But if the Government proposed to give persons who were carrying a contract something outside and beyond that contract, ithey would violate, not only the principles of political economy, but of honesty also." Now, Mr. Staveley Hill's own Agricultural Holdings Act Amendment Bill, after stipulating that neither landlord nor tenant shall contract out of the Act without providing for compensation to the tenant at least equivalent to that which the Act would Secure, goes on to provide as follows For the purpose of determining whether the compensation provided hy the agreement is of such equal amount, tie it enacted that, notwithstanding anything contained in jiha agreement for tenancy, or any other agreement between him and his landlord, a tenant may give notice, in manner provided by seotion twenty of the said Act, ithat he will proceed to make his claim either under that Aot, or under the system of compensation contained in ithe schedule annexed hereto, as though no agreement subsisting between them, and thereupon 'all the 'clauses contained in the said Act as to compensation so far as they may be applicable to each case, shall apply between such landlord and tenant, and all questions as to compensation shall be settled in manner provided by the said Aot, and the agreoment for tenancy and any other egreement existing between the landlord and tenant shall, jso far as any question in respeot of compensation between such laudlord tenant is aifected thereby, unless tho tenant shall make his claim thereunder to the exclusion of of the other systems of compensation mentioned Iierein, become and be wholly void and of no effect. we clearly havo "something outside and beyond ithe contract" secured provisionally in the interest of the tenant, who is actually invited to set his agreement aside Sif it is not as advantageous to him as the compensation clauses of the Aot would be.

jDoes this violate, not lonly the' principles of political economy, but of honesty The efforts of a few publio men io revive cry for J'rotedtidn have lately received more recognition than was 'desirable, and the. result of the Preston election 'seems to encouraged them' greatly. A prolonged discussion of khe subject has lately occupied two sittings of the Cam-'hridgeshire Chamber of Agriculture, at whiohifc was -carried on with great ability. The arguments against Protection were naturally far stronger than those in favour of it, and the Chamber rejected a resolution in favour of a 'return to import duties on foreign corn, 'and passed an amendment that proposal. Mr Hunter Rod-gwell spoke strongly against any attempt to revive Protection.

Mr. Hides, one of tho other county Members, is a igh-and-dry Protectionist. It was well shown in the discussion that the advantages of putting duties on foreign sorn must ultimately go entirely to the landlords. It is strange that any farmers should fail to see this. In spite of the continued efforts of the leading Conservatives of Berkshire to keep the Farmers' Alliance from 'obtaining a footing their county, the resolutions passed by very large majorities at Newbury last week completely Jreverse the decision given recently, at Wallingf ord.

The forge Town Hall was quite full, and Mr. George Palmer, tKV-18'5'''1' fNS018 Bl'emh'er or East Cornwall, were very heartily received. -The Conservative agent and his friends tried the old plan of packing the meeting; but although the trick served in a small 'room like that at Wallingiord, it entirely collapsed in the great gathering at Newbury, the little band of Tory being ludicrously outnumbered, and their noisy demonstrations out-shouted. It was decided to form a branoh of the Alliance in Berkshire. At a meeting held at Warrington, also last week, the Alliance was well Xeoeivod.

audit was "unanimously resolved to form branches In Lonoashireand Cheshire. Eorthelattercounty, Mr.G.W. Latham, of Bradwall Hall, Sandbaoh, one of the unsuccessful oandidato3 for Mid- Cheshire at the last election, will be chairman. To-day the Alliance carries the campaign into Surrey, Guildford being tho place of meeting. This day week Mr.

Howard and Sir David Wedderbjirn are announced to speak at an Alliance meeting to bo held Gloucester. When shall we hoar of the long-promiRed Yorkshire meeting Tho Book of Ensilage," by John M. Bailey, of Massa-ihusetts, published in this country by Sampson Low and London, describes the great success of the system of preserving green foodor for winter U3e. Ensilage is peculiarly suited for maize-growing countries, because an enormous bulk of food is produced by maize that no other crop can approach. Still the system has long been practised in France and some other European countries where maize is not generally grown.

Dr. Bailey, I believe, was the first to introduce the system in America, and his little book fully describes his mode of procedure. Briefly, it consists in storing green maize or rye in air and watertight concreted pits or "'silos." The green com is cut When in the blossom, chopped up Binall by a chaff-cutter, put into the pits, pressed down by heavy weights, and covered over for winter use. Of maize, Dr. Bailey says he can grow from 40 to 75 tons of fodder.

Eye will, of course, yield less, but would beabout the best crop to grow for ensilage in this country. Vetches and lucerne would probably he equally suitable. Olover is too perhaps. The system has been tried, I believe, on a small scale this country, but with what success I have not heard, or have forgotten. Stock like tho foodj and thrive on it.

It is said to be especially valuable for dairy cows Increasing greatly the yield of milk, and improving the quality or winter butter. 1 A week or two back a paragraph went the round of the papers, stating that a Conservative Association, as a rival to the Farmers' Alliance, had been formed to deal with agricultural questions. The organisation referred to is briefly, the A.B.C." It consists of 24 county Members jof the Conservative party, who have power to add to their number. It was formed at a meeting of county Conservative Members, held at the Carlton Club on the 10th of Maroh last, under the presidency of Sir Stafford North-pote. I have before me the first report of the committee, tnarked Private." As, however, I have obtained it without the favour of any of its members, and under no stipulation aB to privacy, I see no reason why I should Jnot refer to it in these notes.

The Executive Committeo as composed of six members, including the Chairman (Sir Slassey Lopes) and the hon. seoretary (Viscount Folke-Wone), the other members being the Hon. E. Stanhopa rice-chairman), Mr. Chaplin, Mr.

Pell, and Mr. E. H. Paet. Besides these, the members of the General Committee' the organisation itself, which is only committeeare Sir W.

Barttelot, Viscount Emlyn, Colonel Harcourt, Sir J. H. Kennaway, Sir B. leightou, Earl Percy SB M. W.

Ridley, Sir H. Selwin-Ibbetson, the HiKht Hon. G. Sclater-Booth, the Eight Hon. W.

Egerton, and Messrs. Biddell, E. Birkbeck, G. B. Gregory, Staveley Hill P.

Phipps, T. Thornhill, Eowland Winn, and J. It. The objects of the committee are to consider Wricuitural measures before Parliament, and to consult and decide as to the course to be pursued in relation to those measures. A sub-committee has been appointed to report on eaoh of the agricultural bills before Parliament this session.

In 6hort, the committee is a kind of Parliamentary Chamber of Agriculture. In the.report an attempt made fo discredit the Farmers' Alliance by stating how the members of the Alliance in the House of Commons voted Zm Colonel Harcourt's motion in relation to highways, and Mr. Chaplin's on cattle disease. The committee, however, not being an organisation open to the publio, can scarcely be regarded as a rival to the Alliance, although it may attempt to counteract the "revolutionary doings of the Alliance by organising Conservative county Members against the proposals and measures advooated by that association. i People who deny that tho entail and settlement of land, With primogeniture, are.

not injurious to tho interests of the publio should read a remarkable article entitled "The Dead Hand in a Sussex Parish," which appeared in tho Express of Monday last. Tho author's same is not given, but it is ovideutly written by a resident In or a visitor to the village referred to, which will easily be recognised vnder its initial by those who know it Tho extreme difficulty and expense of getting for Board Schools and other publio purposes have (been equalled in other villages. 411 who are interested in steam cultivation should go to see Darby's steam oigger at work, either atTuubridge Wells during it- coming week, on the occasion of the holding of tlTe Brih and West Show, or at'Derby in July, the Royal Show will he held. It is a most ingenious machino, and it does its work in a very officiant manner. is quite unlike any tnr stem cultivating machine.

1 FABRICS JTOB SUMMBB WEAR, A number of thin materials for summer weal ha6 appeared in the shop windows. 'Surah lawn is a soft-finished goods, looking like (transparent nankeen. It comes in pale buff colour, and is adaptable io street wear. The India mulls are idealisations of the linen lawns and percales, displaying the same designs of polka dots in cardinal and blue. "All-over embroidered muslins, Woven like strips of Swiss inserting in alternating patterns, and limn d'lnae, with sprigs of cream floss embroidery, are some of those now fabrics.

Among the many cool jnaterials for warns weather are the crepe.foules, batiste and barege and nun's bunting these come in delicate shades of salmon-pink, rose, cream, sulphur, stone, heliotrope, fawn, mauve, robin-egg, and Japanese blues. The crepe'ioule is a light woollen material, with crepy finish the batiste is finer and softer, the cheap nun's bunting being Btiffer in texture. "Isabella" is a gauzy yellow fabrio for summer dreBses. The striped stuffs in either thin or thick woollen material, and the striped cottons, make up effectively by having the Btripes rmudown in the basque and across in the overskirt. ThiB gives a Bayadere finish even to a cheap cotton cheviot.

The underskirt should be plain material to bring out the effect of the stripes above. Drape the striped material as a long scarf to make the overskirt, putting-two breadths together if one is not wide enough, and loop it very high on the left Bide. Soma of the new spring silks havo the skirts made quite plain at the top, and cling closely to the figure below the knee every breadth is out in Vandykes, and the openings are filled with narrow lace flounces at the back there is very little drapery. A novel feature in Bkirts is to place at one side a box pleat lined with is short in the centre, the lining being visible at tho sides. A fan pleating of the material in the same or contrasting colours is also inserted in the skirts of plain foules and the nuns' veilings.

The new nuns' veilings have a great deal of silky gloss. Very popular this summer will be the dresses of black Spanish lace, which is manufactured as wide as silk the dress is flounced and draped, has a large bow at the kneo of very wide ribbon, and another still larger bow at the back of the waist. The lace bodice is, like the skirt, lined with satin for carriage wear it is high, with sleeves that affe lined with satin in the under part only. They are narrow at the top, but pagoda below the elbow, being confined at the wrist with a ribbon casing. For evening wear this Spanish lace dress is made heart-shaped or square, the sleeves unlined from the shoulder.

The foulard, with embroidered flounces, are made up with short costumes, and are much draped on the cross the bodice, with embroidered revers, has folds on the chest, and is fastened at the waist with three buckles placed slantwise. A pretty dress for a girl of ten is a plain pearl or dove-coloured sateen. The skirt is laid in broad box pleats, fastened to a petticoat body. The waist is a sailor's jacket, out off squaro and buttoned from the throat. A broad collar of Turkey red, edged' with Irish lace, makes the contrast of colour and the finish to this simple yet stylish suit.

Some of the fine checked ginghams give the one coloured effect as well as the plain sateen. THE CLEANING OF PLATE. A good deal of trouble can be saved in the care of spoons or forks in daily use by the way they are washed. The usual way is to take thera from the table on the dishes and throw them into a pan loosely together, iihe handleB of spoons lying next to tho greasy bowls or prongs, so that all this is smeared together over the whole. Theii they must be rubbed much oftener with plate powder, whiting, taking needless elbow power and time, with the chance that the more your silver is rubbed the more it will be scratched.

A better way is to take them from the table Or from the plate in a small pitcher, putting eaoh with its handle up. Keep them this way, and either wash them in the little pitoher or in another tell, narrow one. Put some boiling water into this and let them stand, handle up, until you ready to take 'them out, and rub each with a soapy cloth. The handle need not be touched with this all it needs is to be rinsed off with hot water. It is bright to with, and has been kept so, and all the grease and stickiness has run down the spoons and forks instead of up the handles, and falls to the bottom of tho pitcher and is kept there.

The same arrangement should be insisted on for ivory handled knives, not only on account of the grease, but because it cracks and discolours ivory, and does not improve any handle to be kept in greasy hot water. In cleaning silver, it is often the case that a line of red or white all around tho ornamental beading shows what kind of powder is used, and it iB very hard to get rid of this in deeply cut patterns and initials. One of the housekeeping-books recommends After well washing the silver in fresh hot water the greasy water ing poured away with yellow soap, it should be carefully dried, and either finished off with a chamois leather or else with soft rags prepared in this way Boil some small square-shaped soft rags for five minutes in hartshorn and new milk, in tho proportion of one ounce of hartshorn powder to one pint of 'milk. The rags, oa taking-them i'rom the mixture, should be rinsed out for a moment in cold water, well wrung, aud then dried before a good fire overy day, after the plate Tins haan washed and dried, it should. bB well rubbed with Jhase r.ga This so treated only requmhg, when-taken out agam or use, to be just dusteaover wicn a nne ory ciotu, as is Keep good polish.

The rags, of course, require waBhing out and re-boilnfg every now and then. On the regular plate-cleaning day, all the plate in use, as well as that not used daily, with the exception, of course, of massive pieces stored away, should be well scrubbed with a very soft'brush in a thick lather of soap and water, than thoroughly dried, and afterwards polished with any white plate powder you may fanoy answers the puiposo best. Coloured powder is no better than plain white, and the following is preferred to. any other, but that is a mere matter of taste: Mix hartshorn powder into a thick paste with either Bpirits of wine or water, and smear it over the plate, leave it to dry, and then brush off with a soft fine bruBh, polishing the plate afterwards with good dry leathers. If spoons are stained with egg, as is very often the case, the stains can be removed by rubbing them with a little common salt, but this must be done when they are first cleaned after use if the stain is allowed to remain, it is much more difficult to got out.

Keep large pieces of silver, such as teapots, in Canton flanuel hoods or bags. Silver that is stored away, if chamois-lined box, or chamois hoods are not to be had, is said to keep well in blue paper, the same that laces and white silks are put up in. This is said to preserve the colour of silver as it does the purity of white goods. Plate put away wrapped up in it will not tarniBh, even if kept without been opened for months. BECIPES FOR THE TABLE.

Boieed Fish with Cubby Powdbii. Take fillets of flounder, slices of turbot, or any other cold fish left from the day and sprinkle over them some curry powder. Let it remain all night and broil the fish the next morning. Eoa Soot fob Invalids. The yolks of two eggs, a pint of water, half an ounce or so of butter, and sugar to taste; beat up together over a slow fire, adding the water gradually.

When it begins to boil, pour backward and forward between the jug and saucepan till quite smooth and frothy. Welsh Eabbbm. Boil half a pint of milk have the cheese rich enough to melt chop half a teocupf ul of it to every half pint of milk the yolk of one egg is lightly beaten with a fork, and have it ready when the cheese is melted turn the cheese into' the boiling milk and stir till the former dissolves. Welsh rarebit cannot be made from skim-milk cheese. Parmesan cheese makes delightful dishes, but is expensive.

Stir in the yolk of the egg, adding salt and pepper, and serve on toast or alone. CheesB dishes require little Reasoning, and the salt and pepper should be used with core. FiiOOTDEBS wren SrnHHP Satjob. With thin, sharp knife it is easy to take off the whole side of a flounder, so as to get at the fillets make a cut lengthways down the fish from the head to tail, and work underneath. In a flat and deep pan, pour a half -tumblerful of white wine put in that a teaspoouful of butter, a bay leaf, a little salt and pepper, aud cook the fillets in this; shake the pan frequently to prevent soorching.

Have a pint of shrimps boiled in salt and water, piok them and pound them, which add to the sauce. Just before serving, take another piece of butter, as big as a wftlnut, which mix with a tea-spoonful of sifted flour, add the yoke of an egg to it, stir into it a tablospoonf ul of tho gravy and pour it over the fish shake well whan it heats up and serve. Ehotaeb Custard. A small bundle of rhubarb, one pint of cream or milk, one stiok of cinnamon, a small piece of lemon peel, sifted, sugar to taste, four yolks of eggs, a little flour to thicken, nutmeg to flavour. Put the rhubarb, cut up in small pieces, iutq a stewpon with to cover it, and sufficient sugar to Sweoten when quite soft, drain away the water from it and press it through a coarse colander into a dish add more sugar, if necessary, and let it cool stir the cream or milk gradually into the cold rhubarb, and grate in a 'little nutmeg; Berve in a glass dish.

The plain rhubarb stow mokes a good tea relish. Scrape off the thin outer Bkinj, and cut the pie plant into bits of two inohes long; wash them in cold water through a colander, and put them into a stewpon without any more water. Take half a pound of yellow susrar to a pint of cut-up stalks stew slowly till quite soft. When nearly done add the juice of a lemon or some grated lemon peel and a dash of ground ginger. Sunshine Oakb.

Turn the whites of eleven eggs into a clean, cold bowl, and beat to a stiff, dry froth. The yolka of four eggs beaten flight are then poured into the beaten whites, and one cupful of granulated sugar, one cupful of sifted flour, to which one teaspoonful of cream of tartar is added, and (the whole then sifted once, and one teaspoonful of flayouring added. The cake iB then turned into a heated pan, which is perfectly clean and dry, andsetinaquieb'oven. There is considerable skill required to. make this cake properly, but tho most particular part is the Jbaking.

The flour should be sifted and the other ingredifents all measured out and ready for use before tho eggs are beaten, and the cake should then be mixed with as little delay as possible. After it is placed in the oven, the cold air should not strike it, and the stova should not be jarred, as even a slight shako would cause it to sink in the middle. After it is baked the pan must be turned upside down, and be so supported that a draught of air could pass between the inverted top and the table, and when perfectly cooled the cake will fall out. The icing for the cakp is prepared by beating the yolks of three eggs lightly andmixing with them one cup of powdered sugar, then aduing the juice of one-half a lemon, and afterwards another cup of sugar. It is then spread over the'eake, and sot at the door of the range and frequently turned until the icing is hardened.

period have received far more notice at the hands of contemporary writers. There were on both sides at least 15,000 engaged, and on no previous occasion since the commencement of the struggle between Charles and the ornament naa sucn largo uuuica iu juibu uuuu uiuufiuv together in Yorkshire to contest for the supremacy of God and the Cause or God and tho King." The vulgar pronunciation of the name of the moor is still "Atherton," as it seems to have been then, though it wa3 also written "Adderton," and "Atherston" in various records of the event. It is about five miles from Leeds, and about the same distance from the town of Bradford. The Moor, at the present time, seems to be for the most part unenclosed, but it is about as uuromantic a battle-field 03 any one could possibly visit. Here a clay hole, there an ugly mound of the black refuse of an old shallow coal pit anon an ash heap and a stray donkey or two, while about its boundaries are factories, sheds, and cottages, in the most unpiefcuresque disorder.

At the time, however, of which I write before the era of long, chimneys, large ironworks, and deep coal mines standing on thewest Bids of the Moor, on the ridge which forms part of the watershed of the Aire and the Calder, whichever way the beholder would turn, the eye' would gaze upon as fair a prospect as could be found in the whole shire oi York a well-cultivated tract of country, interspersed with thrifty villages, snug hamlets, lonely farmsteads, and many a pleasant home of esquire and yeoman while the population generally were a sturdy, resolute race of men, mostly well affected towards the Parliamentarian cause, and doubtless in subsequent many afamily group would in the long winter evenings, by the ruddy fire-light, listen with "bated breath" and glistening eyes to deeds of daring told by some survivor of Marston Moor, Naseby, Dunbar, and Worcester. The prospeots of tho party of the Parliament were at this period of a gloomy nature throughout the country, but in Yorkshire they were particularly so. One event had happened in anotherpartof the country which seemed of dire import to the success of the cause of the Parliament, but whioh-it is highly probable that at that time of slow intelligence neither party engaged in the events of this day was aware of, and that was the death oi the great Puritan leader, John Hampden. We may rest assured that if pious Joseph Lister had been apprised of this sad news he wouldnot have failed to have made note of this additional piece of tribulation to the many which the good man records of this period; and had the Royalists been aware of it, they would not have failed to industriously circulate tidings which to them could not fail to be welcome, but which would fall heavy indeed on the minds aud hearts of the adherents of the Parliament. Hampden received his death-wound on Ohalgrove field, Buckinghamshire, on the 18th June, 1643, in a fierce encounter with Rupert.

He lingered in great pain till the 24th of the same month, when his "noble aud fearless spirit" passed away; and most likely before the hattla of Adwalton the toucumg sight had been witnessed of tho burial of the illustrious patriot in the parish church of Hampden, where "his soldiers, bare-headed, with reversed arms and muffled drums and colours, escorted his body to the grave, singing, as they marohed, that lofty and melancholy psalm in which the fragility of human life is contrasted with the immutability of Him in whose sight a thousand years are but as yesterday when it is past, and as a watch in the night." Howley Hall, near Batley, had been garrisoned for the Parliament by Sir John Savile, of Lupset, who, with a small body of musketeers, had withstood the assaults of Newcastle's forces for several days, but at last was obliged to yield to his immensely superior strength. Newcastle after this resolved to march to Bradford, where he might reasonably suppose the almost utter annihilation of the Fairfaxes the father, Lord Ferdiuondo Fairfax, being in command there, aided by his son, Sir Thomas, afterwards the celebrated commander of the entire forces of the Parliament would be effected. We can well understand, as Sir Thomas Fairfax wrote, that Bradford was a very untenable place," and hearing of the desigu of Newcastle, the Fairfaxes resolved'to march out to meet him. They had only about 3.000 men, in which number a small body of horse was included, aud they possesed no artillery, while Newcastle's forces were in the proportion of four to one, with artillery, and an immensely superior force of cavalry. Viewed from a civilian point, it seeniB ridiculous that Newcastle should deliberately wait on Adwalton Moor for the Fairfaxes, seeing that they had to march their small army up rising ground to meet him.

But so it appears to have been, as Newcastle came from Honloy on the 29th of June, and halted ou the Moor the same evening, getting his artillery into position, and otherwise arranging the order of battle. Lord Fairfax had given the order for the march out of Bradford at four o'clock in the morning of the 30th June but a Major-General Gilford stands suspected of treachery from his ucting generally iu a very indifferent manner on two or three occasions on this day, and he is blamed for 80 many delays in the early morning that it ivas eight o'clock before the little army of the Parliament was olear of the town. The fighting hero, as fighting afterwards prevailed.in.the.war, seems only.to have been of a "tame nature. The advanced guard, or "forlorn hope," of Lord Fairfax drove that of Newcastle, stationed on Westgate, or Whiskett, Hill, into the main body of his army, and seems then to have allowed the Parlia-tarians to draw up in "battalia." Sir Thomas Fairfax commanded the right wing, Major-General Gilford the left, and Lord Fairfax commanded in chief. The Parliamentarians appear to have made good use of the enclosed grounds, behind the fences of which musketeers were placed, who galled Newcastle's cavalry severely iu a charge of ten qr twelve troops for the purpose of dislodging Sir Thomas Fairfax from Borne vantage ground in a path called Warren'B-lane.

Tho Royalists were compelled to retreat with the Ices of their commander, Colonel Howard. Another charge was made1 here, this time by thirteen or fourteen troops of tho Royalists, when they wero again repulsed, but with moro difficulty, and again their commander, Colonel Heme, was slain. We pursued them," says Sir Thomas Fairfax, "to their guns." Gifford had also been hotly engaged on the left, and Newcastle, seeing the resolution of the Parliamentarians, particularly those under the command of Sir Thos. Fairfax, gave orders for a retreat, but Col. Skirton or Sturton begged of Newcastle to be allowed to charge with a stand of pikes, which he did so effectively that, Bays Sir Thos.

Fairfax, ho broke in upon our men, and (not being relieved by our reserves, which were commanded by some ill-affected officers, chiefly Major-General Gilford, who did not his partasheoughttodoVour men lost ground, which the enemy seeing, pursued this advantage by bringing on fresh troops ours being therewith discouraged, began to fly, and were soon routed. The horse also charged us again. We, not knowing what was done on the left wing, our men maintained their ground till a command came for us to retreat, having scarce any way left now to do it, the enemy being almost round about us, and our way to Bradford cut off." Eventually, however, young Fairfax retreated in good order to Halifax, and joined his father, Lord Fairfax, at Bradford, the same night. Here, again, it seems astonishing that Newcastle, having succeeded in defeating and cutting in two the army of tho Parliament, should have apparently allowed that part commanded by Lord Fairfax to have got away to Bradford, and that under Sir Thomas to Halifax, and that they should actually unite their forces again the same night without any means being taken to prevent them. Neither Fairfax nor Cromwell would have used an army in this lumbering fashion and it does not appear that when Newcastle fled across tho sea3 after Marston Moor that the military councils of Charles lost either a very sagacious intellect or a very bold heart.

It may be stated that Cromwell was not present at this fight, but was playing havoc generally among the Royalists in the eastern counties it the time. There appears to be some conflict of testimony as to the number of the Blain. Markham, in bis life of Lord Fairfax, states that there we're 700. Mr. Scatcherd, who has been particularly painstaking in his account of the battle, makes no mention of those who were killed, further than he supposes that they wero buried on the Moor but it.

seems strange that no traces of the dead have ever been discovered, though there is no laok of other relics of tho fight, such as iron and lead cannon balls, horse-shoes, bits, swords, pikes, which ha. hsen turned up after the lapse of more than two centuries, many of which Mr. Scatcherd says he his in his own possession. WEST BIDING PLACE-NAMES. The Eev.

N. Greenwell supplies additional notes fhaorun in LXX.1. The contractions used are British, preceding the year 65 n.o. Latin or Roman, from 65 B.o. to 418 AJ).

O.E., commonly termed Anglo-Saxon, from a.d. 460 to 827 Danish, from A.nV 787 to 1066 N.F., Norman-French, from A.D. 1066 to 1154. piece of round lying near JMsnds, bjr the side of the river Oaldor, conveyed by deed to a John de Totehul, Acre in this case would probably not be a piece of land as we understand tho word in these days, bufewas simply a field, laud, anything sown, without signifying a fixed auantity. It is derived from iEcer, O.E., a word having the latter meaning.

Our surname Ackerman and Aker- man signifies the tiller ot ground, the ploughman. in the Old Hundred Rolls it appears as 1 le le and 'leAcremanthelnquisitiones giving us a further variety in le His was, indeed, a and familiar sobriauet. and we are reminded by it of the day when the acre was what it really denoted the ager, or land open to tillage, without thought of definite or Btatuto measure. Indeed, it is quite possible the term was at first strictly applied thus, for a contemporaneous poem has the following couplet The foules up, ond sons on bough, And acremen gedo to the plough. If this be the case, the surname is but synonymous with 'plowman' and Baitikgs (Httlifaxl.

Tho cattle feeding meadow. Bait, from botan, O.li.i to bait: or from biton, to bite. Insa, O.E., meadows. This place was a summer vaccary, i.e., a cowhouse or a pasture for cows. It was held by the Earls of Warren, and was so considerable that in 1314 it was returned that there might be in Baytinge 28 fat beasts, and besides them lO.fat beasts might be agisted or pastured.

Caksiok (North Hauam). Said by Mr. Hunter in his Glossary of Local Hallam-shire Words" to mean "a kennel." Unia the writer of these notes knows not. Edebh ttt.t. Closes (BatnslejlATlia fleh orraeatbnll enclosures, Heih, from fleso, O.E., meat.

Eall, from alii, O.E,, a haute, Olvaes, from doi, an euclos'ire. ''lITieroisrotM'ia nsW'dor the CnM it EOBIN HOOD'S GEAVE. Mr. John Ardill, of the Leeds Archery Club, writes as follows, in response to the request of (CXXV.) for particulars relative to Robin Hood's grave The following quotation is from Hargrove's Anecdotes of Archery" (date 1792), which contains "some curious particulars of the life of Robert Fitz-ooth, Earl of Huntington, vulgarly called Robin Hood (with pedigree of some) At length, being ciosely pursued, many of his followers slain, and the rest dispersed, he took refuge in the Priory of Kirklees, about twelve miles from Leeds, in Yorkshire, the Prioress at that time being his near relation. Old age, disappointment, and fatigue brought on disease.

A monk was called iu to open a vein, who, either through ignorance or design, performed his part so ill that the bleeding could not be stopped. Believing he should not recover, and wishing to point out the place where his remains might be deposited, ho called for his bow, and discharging two arrows, tho first fell in the river Calder, the second, falling in the park, marked the place of his future sepulture. He died on the 24th of December, in the year 1247. as appears by the following epitaph, which was once legible, on his tomb in Kirkiees Tark, where, though the tomb remains, yet tho inscription hath been long obliterated.f It was, however, preserved by Dr. Gale, Dean of York, and inserted from his papers by Mr.

Thoresby, in his 'Ducat. and is as follows Hoar, nndomead dis latil stean, LaizKobei-tEarl oi Huntington, NeaArcirverazhiosageuu, An pipl kanld im Itobin Houd, Kick hi an iz men Vil England htvr si agen. Obit. 24- KoI. Dokarabria, 1247." The following quotation is also from the same source, audi believe will answer a former question in "Local Notes and Queries "The true name of Robin Hood was Robert Fitz-ooth.

The addition of Fitz. common to manv Norman names, was afterwards often omitted or dropped the two last letters 'th' being turned into he was "called by the common people Ood or Hood. It is evident he was a man of quality, as by the annexed nedicree. copied from Dr. Stukeley's Pakeocraphia Britannia John Scot, 10th Earl of Huntington, dying anno.

1237, without issue, K. hitz-ooth was, by tho remaie line, next heir to that title, as descended from Gilbert de ftm'mt. Earl of Kvme and Lindsey. The title Ivins dormant: during the last ten years of his life, there could bo nothing unreasonable or extraordinary in his pretensions to that honour. The arms of Itobin Hood were gules, two bends cnqrailed or.

In the old Garland he is said to have been born at Loxley, in Staffordshire and iu a shooting match, made by the King and Queen, being chose by the latter for her she calls him Loxley, a custom very common in those days to call persons of eminence by the name of the town where they were born." Supposing him twenty-one years of ago when on his visit to Abbot Richard at Whitby, he must at this time have been at least in his eightieth year-. Since Hargrove's book was written, I beliove tho headstone and inscription have been restored. The title lay dormant 90 years atter Kooert's death, namely, till the vear 1337. whon William, Lord Clinton, was created Earl or Hanttngton. .1 "The Garland" is a very interesting old poem oa this sabjeot, very ancient, author unknown.

There is also. I believe, a poem called the Kte-ooth," by Mr. Hughes, father of the author of Torn Brown's School Days." II On this occasion wo aro told that Robin 'Hood was dressed in scarlet and his men in green, and that they all wore black hats and whito feathers. THE OLD WHITE CHAPEL. J.

H. an Old White Chapel Sunday scholar, eives the following particulars of the Old White Chauel, Hun8let, and Rev. G. Wilson, in reply to G. (CXXVI.) I enn sneak from authority on this subiect.

as mv grandfather'-: was taken by his parents to the chapel iu 1757, when he was four years of age, and was a regular offender down to the closing of the chapel in 1825. The chapel was opened in 1755, under the Rev. John Edwards. Mr. Edwards had previously travelled in connection with Wesley but holding Calvinistic views on doctrinal points of faith, ho joined himself to the Independents.

He laboured with great success until 1785, wheu he was succeeded by the Rev. Edward Parsons, who assisted him in the late period of his ministry. In 1791 some of the friends of Mr. Parsons erected for him a new chapel tt ii fni." (paiein), XLUUSiet-ioue. jliio j.ouiuiuui puitum ui tue congregation secured the services of the Rev.

Geo. Wilson. Mr. Wilson had not been regularly trained for the ministry, but he was a man of considerable talent and ability. At a special church meeting held, at the close of the year, he submitted a document which was called the Church Covenant," and adopted by the church, containing a statement of the views and doctrines of the body, aud which is read and renewed, or confirmed, once a year down to the present time.

He was a very pious, zealous, and earnest preacher, diligent in visiting his flock and attending to the sick. I have often heard mv mother. grandmother, and aunt speak in terms of the highest affection of the value of his labours as a pastor. Ha ra- lana in 3 1 Urol ra louu xrum ouu dulvivuu btjvurui veuio. He was followed by tho Rev.

Wm. Eccles, who remained till the close of 1818, and was succeeded in the Bpring of 1819 by the Rev. Thomas Scales, who laboured with such acceptance that the congregation was lately increased, and the friends saw the necessity of providing increased accommodation. Accordingly, in December, 1823, the foundation of a new chapel was laid iu Queen-street, which was opened in April, 1825, when the White Chapel was closed as a place of worship, having been in existence 70 years. Mr.

Scales continued his services in the new chapel until the olose of 1849, when he retired owing to age and infirmity. Mr. Eobert Blade, Leeds, supplements the fore- foing account by the following particulars taken from a ubilee Volume of Queen-street Chapel, which he will be glad to lend if he wishes further information The first Independent Minister in Leeds was the Rev. Christoper Nesso, M.A., of St. John's College, Cambridge, who had been afternoon lecturer at the Parish Church, aud was one of the 2,000 godly ministers ejected from the Church of England by the Act of Uniformity in 1662, At first he gathered his 'followers, who were courageous enough to come together, at his own house in Hunslot in 1672 they took a building ia Water-lane, called the Main Riding House, where they assembled in considerable numbors, but owing to persecutions ho removed to London in 1675.

He was succeeded by the Rev. Thomas Whitaker, and was a fellow-prisoner in 1683-1684, with Oliver Hey-wood in York Castle, where from week to week he corn-nosed sermons to be read to his people oa the Sabbath, The Independents erected a chapel in Call-lane in 16J31, where Mr. Whitaker ministered till his death in 1710. The Rev. Wm.

Moult was the next minister until his death in 1727. The Rev. Thomas Whitaker, son of the former minister, succeeded, and remained for half a century until his death in 1778, aged 80 years. The pastors who succeeded him were teachers of the Arian doofcujA The last minister of that school wa the Rev,.