Lloyd's Weekly Newspaper from London, Greater London, England • 8

3T0BER 4, 1863 WEEKLY LONDON, NEWSPAPER. LLOI 8 WW 'Rfimt. an Americsit lady, TEf SOEAP-BOOK COLTJMK, TTO SlSQSBSi' There are people in England be met with efery1 day who have' a horrid habit 0f giving two fingers on! when they pretend to shake hands. They use'thia means to express the feeling of their own: importance, and also to convey to the person on whom they confer this doubtful honour a proper sense Of the distance that separates them, Finn tidies in the country not unfrequently hold out this signal of their consequence to creatures like cu. rates, attorneys, younger ooua, tsHimiss; and from the affable'smlle with which they accooi.

pany the gestures it is evident that they seriously believe those kind of people must be pieased and frond to have this mark of oondecension shown them, seems a nappy mixture of amiability and reserve. The general public which sees the hand stretchedeufc maybe supposed to admire the sociability and grace with which the great lady welcomes the canaille, whereas the object of the condecensibn receives apri-vate warning that this must not be 'taken to mean too much, and that ne must be as discreet and un-presnjning as before. It is as if the horse on which Mordecai was sent round the town had only been painted white, bnt the disheartening secret had been revealed to alone. Heads of houses, too, at the universities, who are like fine ladiesin more ways than one, are ia the habit of intimating in this way to the younger fellows and to the bachelors of their colleges what is the true distance that separates the full-blo don from the mere budding or possible don, Slany of those, however, who have the two fingers pushed into their hand are stung with the implication of in-ferioritv. and do1 not like this trait in the manner of their superiors.

Sometimes they even threaten to give what they get, and to offertwo fingers in return. But we doubt whether this is good taste, for besides the inevitable ludicrousness of two sets of two fingers trying to eaten each other, it maybe argued that either the is acting within the limits of good manners, and then the inferior ought to grin and -bear it, just as ha bears a carriage-and-four passing his pony chaise or else the superior is guilty of rudeness, and to meet rudeness with rudeness is undigni- peu ami un-lyHXli'Uill. j.ue wwit iiiuiig ta UMa it understood, once for all, whether the extension of two fingers is good manners or not and if it is settled that is1 not, the shame of the breach of sped manners ought to fall exclusively on the person guilty of If fine lady- or a don were to spit profusely while accosting aa interior, tnere wouia oe no occasion to notice it. The best thing would be to look the other way, and clear off as quickly as possible. So, giving two fingers is once accepted as a piece of vulgar rudeness; there ib no need to resent it.

In fact, very great people now are above the assumption of petty airs of superiority, and it is only little great people'who care to erect these frail hedges for their dignity. It would be ao pleasure to the Duke of Devonshire to give two fingers to a commoner, but it might be a great comfort to Lord Llanover. Tht.Sa-turday Reitieti. Ess Fiest Night op a New Plat. So aniious is the trial of a first" night that some authors 3hirk the slow agony, "sad' keep away from the theatre until the joyful news: of success is brought them.

I should have suffered more from apprehension, so I always braved the chances, seated at the back of a private hot Thfi house 13 slowly filling. You are on stage, trying: to encourage the actors by admiring their get up," and predicting what they will effect with certain scenes looking through the hole in the curtain to see who has come, and whether there is a good pit and trying to share the manager's confidence that B. is certain to be' all right." The overture begins. You see critics and friends scattered about the boxes and the pit is rapidly filling. Yon are passed from the stage to your private box, and the curtain rises.

A first-night audience is always good-natured not only are there many friends of the author come to ensure a success, and really anxious that the piece should succeed but the bujk of the indifferent public is only too willing to admire and to be pleased. Any chance of applause is eagerly sought by friends and willingly accepted by the audience. You are thrilled with the plaudits but you sit in alternations of triumph and agony, for, although the' piece maybe going famously," yoa are but too painfully conscious of all its defects. You sit there condemned to poetry mangled, wit blunted, and conceptions distorted, Tho man who. at rehearsal, was letter perfect," is nervous, and makes havoc with the verse.

The actress, who was charming in one scene at rehearsal, is totally without charm to-night. Effects upon which you calculated fall fiat passages are suddenly revealed as perilous too late you see a hundred errors, andyoufarsee rocks ahead. More than ence an author thus frightened and enlightened has rushed behind the scenes, and arranged to omit a scene or passage because of the The applause may keep up yeur sinking courage, but it does not protect you from these pangs. Amid such, fluctuations the piece proceeds. At last the ourfajn falls to immense cheering.

Vociferous shouts of Author! author!" burst out like rockets from all sides. This is a supreme moment You hurry behind the scenes to congratulate and be congratulated, to compliment and be complimented, to shake the leading actors warmly by the hand, and gratefully salute the cheek of the heroine if she will let you. With! generous, effusive insincerity you find yourself complimenting the very actors whose stupidity but a Kfctle while since evoked curses not loud but deep. The supper after the play" might form a chapter by itself. Sometimes the author, confident of success, invites his guests beforehand, and if the success has been equivocal this makes it rather awkward for the friends.

Sometimes the manager provides supper. I remember one given by a manager now dead, who was more hospitable than literate, and who had invited the chief actors, two dramatic critics (whom I saw writing their columns ip coraera of his private room), and some "literary friends," myself to rejoice over the successes of a drama called the "Broken Heart." A jovial and joyous supper it was. an early period the enthusiastic and lifting his champagne glass in the said, in a voice tremulous with nervousness i( or drink), Ladies and gentlemen, It is with feelings of very particular pleasure, and I may say gratification, that I rise to propose a toast, which am sure you will all agree with me is well deserved, and I am sure you will drink with all the honours: "Here's to the Broken 'Art, and the 'And which guided Cornhill Magazine for October, A Scene us SwitzekIiAnd. The peculiar charm of Mont Rigi seems to me to consist in the harmonious blending of beauty and sublimity. All below you seems so near fields, villages, hamlets, chalets scattered on the hills wherever their steepness will suffer a handful of soil to hold fast against rains.

you only look down you marvel at the universal cultivation. Turn from these lower sights, and the scene changes. The mountains are not rounded and wooded, but huge, gaunt, multangular, cutting the sky with sharp edges, with thin ridges, with horns and needle-shaped points. The lines are nearly an vertical. So many are there, so far down in perspective do they stretch, with 'snowy tops, that you insensibly imagine that you are gazing upon a bannered host, with heads white-plumed, marching dowa to -endless distances.

And the illusion is grandly augmented by the forms of clouds, always mountain-like, among snow mountains, so much like them that you are amazed and confounded to see beyoad and above the highest terrene hills others so mucn vaster and higher, that you look to see some heavenly CUTje OPcll niuuugu tuicrc uii.u.i.uuuud let through the light from the Great Beyond! Until he has felt it no one can imagine the sense of solitariness produced by the sight of snow lying in the cletW and high valleys of the mountains. There is a region apart from all others. No beast roams there, no bira builds, no man dwells there. It is a region with but one season. Its verv'summer is winter.

It lies beyonil the land of Solitude dwells for ever It is lifted above alt voices, all occupation, all dust, and grime. There is no sound but tho drear'tnim-peting of winds or the crash of avalanches. To starja in the midst of flowers and leaves, anil see these solitudes of eternal winter, fills one with strange sadness-While the near valleys are buzzing, and sending aP to'your ears the tinkling of bells from the herds, the lowing of cafctlej and children's laughing, and calls, 'these great kingly heads are lifted up toward heaven undisturbed by the passion and stir ol the lower world. Your feelings alternate between love and admir.ition; you is beauty, above you sublimity. -The- Rev.

S. Ward Betclw Letters, PUBLIC AMUSEMENTS. mvm wn ill, l.i A 1T TF ,.11 Harlit for the oiiST.wmfi a new tarces i Strand theatre. The title is, Ware's Your Wife? --ife author being Mr. 3.

V. Endgenian. An the story involves something Hlce the earner haks fa cjQHlli or mui. -tp mome-gardens. and terminate fatally at theDivoros ooun, a is uimumi to tipiu --z quisite for "iLM wneti seen in actiuu neau uiwv 1, I idea in the briefest po? ffirT VT continue inr.

omurej, attnuugu mwiipu to carry on games quite inexcusable even toe case 11-1- nmrpa (Miss Louisa SUSPICIOUS 01 mis, men naiux. -r -r Thorne and Miss Maria Simpson) track them to a i 1 malm Asniomations masque, huikh love vu 1 1 fl.nri reior- witn tnem, ana norm pnuts iui uiuiai-- mation the ladies of course changing husbands, and preserving strict disguise. They are successful, but to effect success they have caused an. exiumtion of the wildest jealousy, and a scene of confusion which looks hopeless. Miss Maria Simpson haa entered the and nag made service oitneotneriauy aa uuusemiuu, high-flown romantic love to the husband, wx.

"ora, who richly deserves all the domestic disasters which fall upon nim. In a comic way ne is -u wMTmrlrflMv tree ana, Deingra nneiuans uusuiumc, ---with the use of the rifle whenever somebody else does not deserve it. Mr. vouaire aiso tmiicip ii nt lint tea smlt over his legs, which occasions a change into trowsers which, are too XiRnz, ana vae pieaaau iranmy servant stealing a slice of ham, foric and all, ceara. As the unhappy man ia made to sit down, the fork is supposea to sties mw fi 4o ond mnnh lenti go ne siuiera piutuicanuc mate laughter is effected.

Of such pleasant flashes is a long farce built up, and the moral inculcated to know where your own wife is before making appoint- ments with that oi your neiguuuur. ii fairly acted, and was a decided success. NEW EOYAITT. There are two novelties now claiming attention at the Koyalty-a little one and a big one a ladyand a burlesque or say, a farce and a gentleman, iney are. Miss Augusta Wilton in The littk Sentinel, and Mr.

C. Burnand's new extravaganza, Txum or, tlie Man at the Wheel. In-such a case, place to the ladiaa miiBt he sriven twice over. Mrs. Selby, Her address on the opening night of the season, an nouncea tnat ner intention mtu uccu wiih the burlesque, but that circumstances over which we had no control," because the lord chamberlain's office had, prevented the fulfilment of the idea.

Perhaps the saying, "better late than never," was never better illustrated than in the case of the comic. Ixim. The jokes are quickened up to the present day, and are hot merely the settlements of last month's cask and the scenery and machinery are as perfect as any aspiring theatre ever need hope to have. In the meantime, Mrs. Selby has provided entertainment whioh well answered a month's purpose, and! with so successful a beginning it is safe enough to predict crowds although they can be but small crowds for the New Royalty theatre.

The second lady claims mention. This is Miss Augusta "Wilton, sister to the famous Marie. Mce her remarkably in face, voice, and manner, Miss Augusta fills very effectively the character of May in The Little Sentinel. But it is all on a smaller scale. Little Sister is apparent.

The recent doll tea-party irresistibly suggests itself. It has not done growing, and perhaps has scarcely emerged from reading Mr. Dickens's Boots at the Holly Tree Inn." But it ia very pretty a charming miniature so charming, in fact, that it seemed difficult to pay.even ordinary attention to the remainder of the company. But yet it is impossible to forget Miss Cavendish, looking the perfection of a darling farmhouse coquette. Mr.

Burnand's Ixion; or, the Mm ai vie Wheel, is, if not his best, amongst his best, and therefore amongst the best of modem extravaganzas. Often have we praised him for not being vulgar, and that praise in kept standing" here. He condescends to I flKao o.l uAmOQ rt Keep ii pOllUU CJO UJJUll. lVluco w-j Sometimes, too, with a pathos which should always be a standing power in burlesque, because everybody likes burlesque, and therefore some may get their "finer feelings" touched unawares. With the story of Ixion as it stands it would be useless to deal; but we may say that it is easy enough' to understand, without reference to Lempriere or the book of the play although a look at the latter will vastly lighten the spectator's enjoyment.

The number of distinct characters, all with something to Say, must surely be larger than ever before figured in any dramatic work. And all, from the clouds, down to Olympus, and the lower earth, have something good to say, and all say it in the most excellent way. Miss Jenny Williams conducts the loves and improprieties of Ixion with great spirit, and is rewarded in the end for Jupiter (Miss Harriett Pelham) commutes his sentence to something like the berth of Pilot of the Universe. Miss Pelham's clear and correct reading is a fine thing for this class of performance, and her get up remarkably classic. Selby small parts and one apparently by accident affd so lends most effective aid.

Miss Ada Cavendish (again) as Venus is a sensation in herself. Ab the popular melody says, Ton Bhould see her hair. Her delivery of -the dress-making speech was quite worthyof the spirit which prompted it. Apollo fell "to Mr. T.

James, as Secretary to the Sun office," with appropriate hits and Miss Marie Lang-ford made a Cupid of the St. 'Casse pattern. Most prominent was the Minerva of Mr. Felix Rogers, evidently a low comedian of no common stamp, who has only to rub off a few extra aosurdities to take; front place. The half -hundred remaining characters must remain content with simple thanks and all deserve every acknowledgment for the graceful manner ip which they fell in with that everlasting encore Which threatened sometimes to tire audience as well as actors.

All the all the songs, were re' peated. There was no having enough and Mr. Buroard walked overthe stage, without having to remain for extra applause, when all was unanimous and spontaneous; conscious of obtaining as full and great a suocess as ever yet was deserved, book we might quote hundreds of lines in support of our own share of the general opinion, but they may as well be reserved "for another place." Beside the goodness of author and actors, the scene-painters and property people have done their best. So small a theatre was never supposed capable of making so great a display. Everything was in admirable taste, and in profusion of handsome faces and dresses, fine grouping, and splendid scenery to all of which Miss Kosina Wright, with a well-trained corps de ballet, lent a constant grace which must, we fear, have been as tedious as well as satisfactory to them, as it was satisfactory to all beside.

PEINCESS'S. rm. "ProsWdim'tfltenr" isinnwRO fflTmlinr JL1LO tw Ul uue to all our countrymen or, rather, the practice of the art issofamiliar that no more is necessarythanto tell bUO icauci. uu.uw"-" 7 -o- xs before him at the Princess a theatre. Tins is M.

Hermann, who seems interior to none 01 ma Win if thfi word mav be iiBed, are, if new, only a family likeness of what is evidently not dead, but gone before. But mere ia uuHj-uaiy v. ouago a handkerchief, a piece of stick, are all the machinery engaged. And yet, from amongst the very UUUIClXc, Ji. "vi 7 7 i it over his hand, and with the other produces a globe ot live nsn.

mjb lur vug hh.uuh.ci uiucju ua w-ro, yum tt ia lsrn'mi nlfin.lifi wntnhfinhoTieleBslv ruined. nr.A rpfllnrprl. and the Rmftshed effes that are recovered firm enough for a dickey-bird. Ihe new Prestidigitateur is the rare Duxt ot tne season. HAYMARKET.

Tim mnH entertainment of last week has been changed during the present. Lady Gifford's comedy, Finesse, proaucea auring tne summer, una leiumtu to the position to which it was justly entitled and the revived Charles the Twelfth is laid up in lavender, to be revived speedily again. Macbeth Fabis. An act of Macbeth was produced ia English, at the Vaudeville theatre, Paris. i aF Sviit'twln.

rtr A flltHA Btlf- ncieut to pay off four times the amount of the national We have given this iUastraon to show the nature "oil to investment, ven if eh cottage lef rf 64. per week, producing a not Bum: of oniy2s. 8d rf WSat 4s per week it would net 6 per cent on the outlay, at 4s ed. 7 per at 5s. 8 per cent, In' tins work all can The capitalist might safely employ his money at roodin'terest in the erection of cottages, or he might lend his money on mortgage at 6 per centfto respectable occupants, repayable by instalments at the rate of 181.

per year thus enabling the-occupier to purchaae'lils owa residence in fourteen years and eleven weeks. Mr. Clarke also gives a plan, by which, life assurance will come to aid the working man in procuring the necessary capital for building his cottage and purchasing the freehold. He gives the following scale for assurances of this class Annuai Premiums for the assurance of 1002. et death, or at the end of fnnrteftn vata.

Age next birthday a. Age next birthday a. d. zi 0 19 35 11 a 25 6 4 7 40 6 16 5 SO 6 7 If 45 6 IB 7 Example. A person age thirty may, by the payment of 62.

7s. assure the sum of 1002. should his death occur at any time within fourteen years orif he should live to the end of that period, the ml. would be paid to himself. This plan would be applicable to advances of any amount that might be required at proportionate rates.

In cases where the rent of the cottagowduld not repay the sum of 102. per annum, and the wages of the labourer, were not sufficiently remunerative to enable him to pay the difference out of his wages, if the person advancing the same did notrequire the repayment atanydenniteperiod, the labourer might pay the interest only, Which would be 2s. per week, and for another lOd. to lid. per week, according to his age, secure to the person advancing the amount, the sum of 1002.

at the borrower's death or at a given age the policy would each year become more valuable, and thus secure the mortgagee from Iobs any amount which he could save might be invested at might enable him to secure the policy in part or whole for his family. In cases where the wealthy wished to benefit their tenants, and were satisfied with the same rate of interest as obtained in the funds, they might receive 82. per annum as interest and 32. principal, or 2s. 4d.

per week for each 1002. advanced, and in twenty-three years, they would'be able to present to their old tenants, without loss to themselves, a freehold cottage. How these acts of thoughtfulness and care would link together the interests of the employer and employed, and what better savings' bank could be found than a house rent free Building societies also offer their aid; and on this point, the author remarks: If the borrower could not obtain this accommodation from a private source, there are several well-known Building societies whereby, contributions of from 4s. to 6s. per week, extending over a term of years, a.

sufficient sum would be advanced to enable the working man to purchase a cottage for himself, or to enable a person with a moderate income tobecome the proprietor six or eight of such cottages by proportionate payments. Sa.mjj2e.-1. A mechanic purchased his own house, for which he had been previously paying a rental of 6s. per iio hnvrmvAd 19K1 in finable him to comnlete the purchase, for which he paid 5a. 6d.

per week to'the society; and OI Course nau nu mure rem liu nuua ayyijM the extra 6d. per week to the purehase of the house, to-mttuir with the amount he formerly naid for rent, at the end of fourteen years the loan was re-paid and it became: his own freehold, for the use of' himself, heirs, or assigns forever. 4 Here is more sound and sensible advice. It is practical and judicious. 4t the present time, out of 402 persons who claim to vote for the county, on the Walthamstow register, no less than 203 claim on freehold land, or houses purchased or built on the estate sold in allotments for building purposes since 1850, and the neatness the cottages and gardens, in most cases, testify to the value they attach to their "own homes." Having briefly endeavoured to point out the desuabihty of erecting, and various means of providing the capital for the erection of suitable dwellings for the labouring classes, it may be presumed that, some at least of our readers are willing to engage in what may.

be termed both a commercially sound and philanthropic undertaking; if so, the next step will be to select a suitable site and purchase the land. This may generally be accomplished either by private contract, or by means of a freehold land society, many of these societies having estates within a short distance of London. Several plots of ground may now be purchased at Stratford, Forest-gate, Haistow, Wimbledon, Bow, Harrow, Sydenham, Walthamstow, Tottenham, Forest-hill, Clapton, Acton, or a few persons combining together might purchase afreahold field and divide it into plots of the value of 352: to 402., with a frontage of 40 feet by a depth of 100 feet, suitable for a pair ot semi-detached cottages (as shown in the title-page or afield might be taken on lease, at the rate 82. to 1W. nornw nrinp finite fimial to what it is now realising.

Five or six pairs of cottages might be placed upon the acre, at a ground rent for each cottage of 15s. to 12. per annum, allowing to each a largo garden. After having copniwi tli oronnrl and obtained nlans and specifications as before proposed, proceed to obtain tenders from four or nve lespeuiauje uuiiueis, si.GGius vf who obtains the contract as the work proceeds. If the contract is for a pair of cottages; to oost 2252.

the pair, the following sums may be safely advanced 502. when the Mckwork is up and first-floor joists are laid 502. when 'the roof is on and slated; 502. when floors are laid, plastering finished, stoves set and stairs fixed 502. when completed, except papering and painting, and the remaining 25Z.

when complete and fit for occupation. If, however, it is preferred, the Cottage Improvement society will undertake these arrangements at a small charge, and furnish plans, specifications, and designs at a nominal cost. If any portion of the amount should be required from a building society or public oompany, the usual way is to deposit the survey fee of about 12. Is. for any sum under 5002., and an amount to cover the travelling expenses of the surveyor.

The property will then be surveyed and reported upon, and if the title is satisfactory, the amount agreed will be advanced, either in one sum or as the work proceeds. We quote largely from Mr. Clarke's book, because we feel that much good may arise from a careful consideration of its contents and we leave our readers to seek in its pages those features of interest which we have not space now to touch upon. HEALTH IN THE INDIAN' ARMY. Miss Nightingale has turned an unreadable report into a little work, modestly entitled, "Observations on the Sanitary State of the Army in India," which can be read with interest by all classes of civilians.

These Observations," offered to the world by a devoted woman, will do more towards concentrating public opinion on the 'shameful neglect by which our soldiers in India suffer, than any nninbei?" of commissioners' reports could, accomplish. Miss Nightingale has a forthright and trenohant way of conveying her sound sense to her readers. Her book, published by Stanford, of Charing-cross, should be read by overy soldier. The courage with which this devoted lady deals with deTioate subjects is above all praise, already been made of the discovery in the shop of a UOUJiStiHei 111 papers by Beaumarchais. M.

Fournier, who was one quaiuted M. Thierry, director of the of the J.J A wnn4.1nnnn Vd on iaCt. nie leibBr.uu Wiaw gcumciuau wff There is among them a manuscript of the JSarmr de Seville; another of the Mire CoupaMe, with numerous variations in the handwriting of Beaumar chais another of the Faux Ami, which afterwards became es Detat Amis you will moreover have many as nine or ten pieces completely ummown comedies, one in three acts, in prose, and another one act, in verse, comic operas, farces, Add to this a whole volume ot songs ana music notea oy Beaumarchais himself, a volume ot literary correspondence, one of diplomatic letters, and another relative to the affair hitherto so mysterious of Beaumarchais and the Chevalier d'Eon, and if you con clude the purchase you will possess the richest part in the manuscript inheritance or ceauumicuaiB. Thierry immediately accepted the terms on which tho bookseller proposed to sell manuscripts, afid they are now the property of the Theatre Francaia. A Peopheot in JEST.

The lOllowmg from a burlesque article in the New Monthly Magazine for 1821 (Vol. entitled Specimen of a Prospective Newspaper, A.D. 4796 curious The army of the northern Biarea take the field against that of the southern provinces earlv next snrimr. The Drinoipal northern force will consist of 1,490,000 picked troops. General new mechanical cannon was tried last week at the siege of Georgia.

St discharged in one hour 1,120 balls, each weighing five hundred weight. The distance of the objects fired at was eleven miles, and so perfect was the engine that the whole of these balls were lodged in the.spaceof twenty feet square." A subsequent article in this specimen states that, oy means ot a new invention, w. Clark crossed the Atlantic in seven days." How. little did the writer anticipate that in years these, to him, wild fancies would be almost realised. How the Monet It is calculated that the court-martial on Colonel Orawlev wilJ ooat the country little leBS than 00,0082, LITERATURE.

HOJUES FOK WORKING Mils'." Mr. Clarke, author of the work we are about to notice, has directed great attention to a want which is becoming daily more palpably felt throughout the country, but more especially prominent in its evil et- fectsirithisgreatmetiopolisofoura. The workingmen of London, with each passing greater diificultyinprocuringsiutaDieaweuingsiorjiiiemseiTOs and families and rents, of course, rise esact proportion to the demand for habitations. Crowded neighbourhoods are ever becoming more crowded and the home accommodations decrease with the increase of house population. This is a subject which has continually for the last quarter of a century en-jn-osaed a great share of journalistic andpublicatten-tion but, we regret to say, without any note worthy practical result.

It is a matter pregnant with great interest to both capitalist and tenant and, if any scheme can be devised that will offer a comfortable home, with means to secure ventilation and cleanliness, combined with a due regard to the proper independence of the working classes, such scheme will deserve, and secure, general attention and ultimate application. Mr. Clarke has searched deeply and practically mto the subject and, when he makes a proposition, he supports it by statistics and calculation's, which go far to prove the correctness of his conclusions, even after allowing for a little over enthusiasm in the cause which he advocates. The author goes closely into the whole question affecting our over-crowded population. He seeks the best and most reliable authorities, and marshals them valiantly in support of the object of his book.

This is as it should be, and his warmth of style adds to the value of his observations. Before touching on the mode by which Mr. Clarke shows that cheap dwellings may be brought within the reach of the working classes, let us look at a few of the evils and discomforts by which many of them are surrounded, and the exorbitant rents that are paid for places that, do not deserve the name of home. Dr. Letheby, in one of his valuable says: 2,208 rooms have been most circumstantially and the general result that nearly all of them are filthy, or overcrowded, imperfectly drained, or badly ventilated, or out of repair.

In 1,989 of these rooms all, in fact, that are" at present inhabitedthere are 5,791 inmates, belonging to 1,576 families and, to say nothing of the too frequent occurrence of what maybe regarded as a necessitous over-crowding, where the husband, the wife, and young family of four or five children, are cramped into a miserably small and ill-conditional room, there are numerous instances where adults of both sexes, belonging to different families, are lodged in the same room, regardless of the common decencies of life where from three to five adults, men and women, besides a train or two of children, are accustomed to herd together like brute beasts or savages where all the 'offices of nature are performedin the most public and offensive -manner; and where every human instinct of propriety and decency is smothered." How can it be otherwise? This daily and hourly contact must deaden every feeling of-shame, and render the mind callous to the scene by which it is surrounded. The results show themselves in our criminal courts and hospitals. To what a fearful extent must this be the case in localities where no less than 62 men, 91 women, and 72 children are living in 44 rooms And the rent of these rooms varies from Is. 3d to 2s. 9d.

per week the average being 2s. The city of London itself presents many such lamentable spectacles, for we leam that in the ward of Bishopsgate there is an alley containing a row of twelve houses, shockingly dirty and ruinous. In all there are 77 rooms, tenanted by 63 families of 252 persons. The dead lie with the living, fusty and sickening smells pervade the place, disease embraces with its fell wings the whole atmosphere home there is none, and intemperance and crime do then-deadly work. The over-crowding, however, spreads beyond the classes whose poverty compels them to inhabit the districts of which we'have been speaking.

In several cases while the houses have decreased in number the population has materially increased for instance, in the Clerkenwell district, although the houses have decreased from 7,530 to 7,354, the population has increased from 64,778 to 65,681 in the St. Luke's, district the houses have decreased froja 6,596 to 6,585, while the population has increased from .54,055 in St. Saviour's, Southwark the houses have decreased from 4,844 to 4,675, the population has increased from 35,731 to showing that-in these three districts alone there has beeh a de-. crease of 356 houses, with an increase of the population to the number of 4,360. Who shall truly estimate the evils which such a state of tilings has so surely brought about? Our author has attempted it but he, like every other worker in the same field, lias failed to grasp its magnitude.

The evil is daily becoming greater, owing to the destruction of honses, (chiefly inhabited by the working classes) for the construction of the net-work of railways which is gradually working its way into the heart of the metropolis. Commerce is also gradually shouldering out Labour, and vast warehouses rise on the ruins of what were once homes for the wealth-producers. The late Mr. C. Pearson devoted much of hi3 time and experience to this subject.

He wished to see homes for working men rising in pleasant suburban places, at cheap rents, and with cheap trains to convey them to and fro. He did not live to see his idea carried out; but that idea may yet be a reality. If cheap trains (that is, trains that would run at the low fares asked for by Mr. Pearson) are not to be had, at any rate Mr. Clarke shows us that, even with the existing railway fares, a working man may have a pleasant little home amidst the green fields, with light, and air, and health, at a cheaper rate (rent and fare included) than that; for which he can obtain a couple of decent rooms in London, He says: Cottages can be wen built, at a short distance from Ion-don, containing parlour, sitting-room, two bedrooms, wash-house, oven, copper, several cupboards, arange with hot-water boiler, and other conveniences for about the.

sum of 1102. each: in fact, neat semi-detached-cottages can be erected resembling the model cottages opposite the eastern dome the late international exhibition for INK. to 1152. each. Ireahold ground may be purchased within live miles of London, at about 40M.

or50W. per acre, which if divided into plots ot eighteen feet frontage, with a depth ol 100 feet, (i. e. 1,800 square feet of freehold ground) will cost from 181 to per plot, which will form a good garden for the growth of flowers and vegetables These cottages, including the freehold land, would cost abojt each, and would readily let at from 3s. 6d.

to 6s; per week each but suppose them to let at 3b. 6d. pet week only, and Is. per week or 22. 12s.

per annum was deducted for repairs, rates, insurances, this would leave a net sum 2s. 0d. per week or al. 10s. per year from each, which would pay interest at the rate of 5 per cent, on tne outlay." This rent, together with the railway fare to London and back, would be less than the rent now paid for rar less accommodation in London.

These freehold cottages might be sold to the move respectable occupants if they desired it, by an additional payment of Is. 6d. per week thus each occupier might by the payment of 5s. per week, in fourteen years and eleven weeks, repay the 1302. with interest at the rate of 5 per cent, charged on the balance each year, and this amount of.

weekly purchasing money would be in most cases less than the present rental paid lor two or three rooms in some unwholesome court or offensive back street. We will suppose for the purpose "of illustration, that 180,0002. of the amount so generously given by Mr. Peabody, was spent in erecting such cottages in the suburbs of London, 1,000 cottages mightat once be erected, which would, if let at Bs. fid per week, return a sufficient net sum, viz: 6,5002., to enable the trustees of the fund to build fifty additional cottages the following year, the rents of which, added to the other amount, would enable them to build flfty-threc cottages the next year, a larger number the year following, and thus they might continue until Value.

In 145 years 2.000 houses would be erected, 260,000 2Si 4,000 520,000 42! 8,000 1,040,000 67 10,000 2,080,000 7H 32,000 4,160,000 85'i 64,000 8,320,000 905 128,000 16,640,000 114 250.000 38,280,000 a sufficient number of houses for halt the population of London, and as each 12. would thus increase, at the rate of 6 per cent, compound interest in 100 years, to the sum of a fund might be thus formed sufficient to erect houses to tire value of 4,359,680,0002,, enough to present each person (taking the present population) in the united The Hovel and the Home or, Improved Dwellingsfor the Labouring Classes, and How to Obtain Them. By Ebe-nezer Clarke, member oi the Council of the Central-Cottage Improvement Society and Cottage Architectural Museum. Tweedie, 337, Strand Ono Shilling. cliaracters.

The sucdess, according to M. Theopnuo' Gfeutier, the dramaUo critic ot tae mmmeur, was most gratuVing, though the performance was little oetter tnan aumo snow to me uijuij.ijr ence. M. Taillade, who played the part of Macbeth French'st the Odeon last season, is said to have licqnitted himself with, distinction of the more diffi cult task he undertook on this occasion. He knows liijtle of English, is not accustomed to it pronunciation, yet Ms accent was very good, M.

Gautier aa-nures ns, knd he produced almost the same effect as Utithe Madame Tossaud's Exhtbitiok. A senes ofMe-(ize portrait models of the English monarchs, from the Conquerorto that of her present Majesty, may now be seen at Madame Tussaud's historical gallery, in The FmaT okatohi given by the Sacred Harmonic :11 aniA IlOCieiy Hum Will, 4r 1 oaLx, Hi -Clti MadiaE. Paeepa appeared as Norma on Thursday week at the royal opera at Berlin. The public applauded her highly, but the critics are by no means unanimous or hearty in their commendations, some considering that the part is unsuited to the voice and powers of the singer. idgiini is singing at Fano at reduced rates.

He now gets ten centimes a-night. The reason of this great tali is tnat ijiugnni a uawvo x-uuv, am them ns the time of the "reat fair, was asked to take an engagement. But," said the director of the little theatre, wnat pnee can i anora to oner iihe great Giuglini?" Well," said the singer, "I Ehould like to sing in my native place, but I never, willsingfornothing sogivemetencentimes a-night." SwmY CArowEtl, of New Orleans, well known to sill n'fitnra in Knaknd. was buried in St. Patrick's cathedral at New York on the 14th ult.

His pall was borne by twelve actors of different nationalities, TheTheatreshtNew York are alldoing a magnificent business coining money. Edwin Forrest plays Lucius J. Brutus every night at Niblo's-gardens to scores of upturned faces." FASHIONS FOK (From the Bnalishvmnan's Domestic Magottme. Winter fashions are being created and decided upon in 1.1 nt In.h.MinMa anrl milliners! ropositbfies, but the autumn fashiona are best to be admired on the shore at Biarritz or Tronville. We have hiitt the pleasure of a short visit to the latter place this season, and perhaps our readers will be amused to hear of some of the elegant costumes there sported by our most elegant belles.

'Ilie Hungarian costume was in great favour, but will hardly stand the cold winds of ctober. It is in white alpaca, the skirt looped up over an under-petticoat' of coloured silk, generally blue or violet, a waistcoat of the same material as this petticoat, and' a white alpaca, jacket, a round hat, with a very flat crown, a narrow turned-up brim, and a straight feather. The Scotch is also a very favourite costume ladies, adopt it in strict accordance with the Highlanders' traditions, scarf, pouch, belt, cap, feather, and alL The plaid cloaks of which we spoke in our last article have obtained the greatest success. The green and blue plaid is generally preferred, but red is also in high favour. The shape of these plaid cloaks, which have been quite the furore in Paris, as well os at the seaside, is circular, differing somewhat from the circular that has been worn an the summer, inasmuch as it has a seam down the centre of the back, the material being shaped like a gore, and great attention ii paid to the proper matching of the stripes in the plaids to obtain a successful result.

Chenille fringe is invariably the trimming of these fashionable garments, sometimes aiTanged simply round the bottom, and sometimes with a row disposed round the shoulders, to imitate a pelerine. Costumes entirely composed of red cashmere or flannel of the brightest hue look very well out of doors when the day is dull The skirt and jacket, If red, are often embroidered all round in black or white, and worn with a white merino waistcoat. Or, if a quieter style is preferred, tlhen the skirt and jacket are grey or dun colour, and the waistcoat either blue or any other colour. The underskirt should always correspond in shade and ornament vdth the waistcoat if this be blue the petticoat is blue also, or white or grey, with a wide blue band round the bottom. The skirt of the dress being always looped up, for walking, over the petticoat, this has become quite as important an article of dress.

The Pompadour style of toilet is very pretty, and especially suited to the country or seaside. Two tilings strike one as particularly novel in ladies' costumes at Trouville first, the very pretty ctamois-coloured leather boots, coining half-way up the leg and either buttoned or laoed at the side, the tops b'ing ornamented with a silk cord and two small tassels and, secondly, the cannes, or, in plain English, "walking-sticks," sported by the most elegant among the votaries ol! fashion. These canes are simply wooden sticks, more or less carved and ornamented, with flat gilt tops, and finished off like the boots, with a cord and tasscL It is to be hoped that these novelties in female attire will not bo admitted in town they are all very well to climb rocks with, or to walk in the deep, soft sand, so tiring to the feet but they would be quite absurd in the streets or the parks. This is, however, no reason why they should bis condemned by fashion, since wisdom is so very rarely consulted in her deoisions. Another thing which rather astonishes us is to see how very much jewels are now being worn, even in out-of-door dress The style in vogue is the Oriental crescents, large round sequins, and long drooping ornaments being preferred.

Very large earrings, brooches, clasps, and studs are worn to match, in dimensions hitherto unheard of, and either in plain gold, or in gold and coral, or euameL At quiet watering-places there is very little to be seen in the way of la mode a fed or blue Garibaldi, a black and white striped skirt, with a border ot the same material as the bodice round the bottom, and a round straw hat, or cashmere hood when the wind blows too high, is the costume worn almost without exception by the ladies. The materials likely to be most inf avour are, for autumn dresses, the thick mohair for morning wear, chesnut-brown with line yellow stripes, black withSolferino stripes, purple with maize-coloured stripes, grey with bright blue. Poplin de laine, of which the quality and price vary so much looks best when self-coloured blue, purple, coffee colour, silver-grey, will continue to be the favourite tints. For the winter, soft and beautiful tissues more akin to flfinnel than anything else, but closelyresembling velvet, in their appearance, are being prepared. They are mostly plaids, either bluo or green, or of the more brilliant sorts, red predominating over the other tints; they are also self-coloured in every variety of shade.

This material wfll be found most pleasant and warm for morning tosses. For more elegant toilets; the rich gros-grain and moire siiks'will ie worn. Crinolines still hold their own, but in Pans they are decidedly being worn much smaller, especially at the top ttey are less round, and consequently more graceful in their appearance. The skirts of dresses are likely to be veryfull and immensely long. Bodices are made with points two or three in front, and a small basque behind out dftener they are superseded by jackets of every shape aid material.

For trimming dresses, the following style is much approved A flounce about ten inches deep is put on pleats round the bottom over this flounce velvet, ribbon, of "lace insertion, is disposed in a variety of patterns diamonds, squares, and V's, S's, X. interlaced O's in fact, almost all the letters in the alphabet. In thick materials, skirts are often also made quite plain, and the bod- or jacket trimmed with silk gimp, with jet beads or chenille frinKe But the most graceful style of trimming is the MnKe in feathers lately introduced by themost fashionable dressmakers. Adressornamentedinthismannerhasbeen prepared for the return of the empress from Eiarntz. It is in silver-grey glac6 silk, and the feathers are curled and like a soft fur border, round the bottom and downlhe front of the skirt, and on the cuffs and epaulettes The beautiful grey called coat of armour glacfi silk will be in great vogue, as also the blondine tint, yet-lower than the far-famed cheveux de la nine, and the bli, nlAiir liVhtar and more delicate than maize.

Grey and black still seem likely to be much worn, and with them contrasting colours, such as scarlet, Mexican blue and golden corn: Ho change appears in the shape of sleeves they are narrow, and in the shape of gentlemen's coat-sleeves. They are sometimes so narrow that they, an slit open inside the arm, and fastened with an open lacing of velvet braid or ribbon, as though to be enlarged. Eiaulettes, in gimp, chenille, or velvet, are very generally tn them. For dinner and evening dresses, the square-cut bodies and half-short sleeves are preferred, and worn wuu a urtpc Lone flowing sashes, tied behind or at the side, now take very much the place the bwiss bands, although these are also still worn. tVe can scarcely as yet speak very positively of the style of cloaks and mantles likely to prevail this winter.

For tbs autumn, circular capes and paletots are still made in material similar to the dress, and they will probably be wcirn a good deal later on in the season, wadded and lined with silk. The shape of bonnets is not, we are told, to undergo any veiy sensible alteration they are not to be quite so high as this summer, but, happily, do not yet threaten to run into the other extreme, aud become too small. IPhb Impiety op Social Science. The Men Public of Ghent lately published the following: A solemn mass will be celebrated in the church of Saint-Jacques, on the 23rd and two following days, 'at iieven in. the morning, as an act of reparation tor thei blasphemy and impiety uttered in the sittings of thei Congress of Social Science which has just been held at Ghent.

The holy sacrifice will be offered order to appease the divine anger, and obtaui the mercy of God for the inhabitants, so that they may preserve the precious deposit of the.