Chicago Tribune from Chicago, Illinois • 261

(Chicago Tribune Sunday, November 16, 1980 Section 15 To place want ads dial 222-2222 best copy, available vv Incidence of injury same for both sexes if job's the same WOMEN HAVE a lower rate of work injuries thai men do because women tend to have less hazardous jobs, a federal study indicates. "Men and women doing the same kind of work incur similar injuries with about the same frequency," according to the Labor Department study, based on data from 26 states and published in the September issue of the Monthly Labor Review. "Comparisons indicate that work activity, not the worker; is a more important determinant of injuries," the study said. The study found that a large proportion of on-the-job injuries among women occur in traditionally female-dominated occupations-teaching, nursing, clerical jobs, assembling, and retail sales. While the characteristics of occupational injuries and illnesses are similiar for women and men, there are some exceptions.

Women suffer relatively more "falls on the same level" than do men, which may be the result of wearing shoes with higher heels, the study said. They alsovappear to experience relatively more illnesses related to occupations, particularly inflammation of joints, tendons, and muscles. THE STUDY FOUND that 21 per cent of all occupational injuries occur to women, with Wyoming, Alaska, New Mexico, and Utah reporting the lowest percentages of injuries. Those states have a large number of traditionally male-dominated hazardous jobs, such as mining, ranching, construction, and oil-well drilling. Younger workers accounted for the largest percentage of female injury cases, with manu-.

facturing the leading job category where these injuries occurred. Manufacturing industries accounted for 30 per cent of all injuries to female workers, followed by 24 per cent in services, 19 per cent in retail trade, and 17 per cent in the public sector. BY OCCUPATIONAL groups, service workers and operatives (except transport) accounted for slightly more than SO per cent of total injuries to women. Clerical occupations made up 12 per cent of the cases, followed by laborers, 9 per cent, and professional, technical, and similar workers, 8 per cent. The type of injuries that women sustained were similar to those affecting men.

Sprains and strains were most frequent for both groups, the back and fingers were the body parts affected more than one-third of the time, and overexertion resulted in about one of five injuries. The sources of injuries varied markedly for the two groups, reflecting the different workplaces. Working surfaces caused 19 per cent of all female work-related injuries but only 12 per cent of the male injuries. Metal items, however, were responsible for 15 per cent of male injuries but only per cent of injuries to women. Carole Carmichael 7f rs v-t 7 TV Related experience helps nab guard job Need for eye-care specialists grows -f lit I You and your job Careers editor XT I i 4 1 I am interested in the security field and have worked in Chicago as a security officer.

I would appreciate it if you could tell me the requirements for a security officer's job nationwide. Also, what cities in the United States have the highest need for police officers? Where can: I get newspapers from Greeley and Boulder, S. Madni, Chicago A Requirements for security guards vary from employer to employer, but most prefer high school graduates, according to the Labor Department's Occupational Outlook Handbook. Employers also seek persons who have had experience in the military or in state or local police departments. Most persons who are hired have some experience, and some have retired from military careers or other protective services.

Guard employment may be their second career. Persons seeking guard jobs in the federal government must be veterans, have some experience, and pass a written examination. Guards may be taught to use firearms, administer first aid, handle various emergencies, operate alarm systems and electronic security equipment, and spot and deal with security problems. The American Federation of Police, 1100 N.E. 125th North Miami, Fla.

33161, is an organization of law enforcement officers police, security guards, and corrections officers. A spokesman there said they supply their members with information on where jobs are and what cities need law enforcement personnel. Membership fee is $20 a year. The Chicago Public Library, 425 N. Michigan generally has newspapers from most major cities in the country.

I am a veteran of the Air Force and I have about 10 months of G.I. bene- ALTHOUGH THE eye is small, it is intricate, and the number of "specialized" ophthalmologists has grown in the last decade as these doctors search for cures to a variety of eye diseases and problems. The last decade has also seen the emergence of an allied health worker, the ophthalmic medical assistant. The general ophthalmologist; the medical doctor concerned with the total care of the eye, has been joined by a wide range of specialists from those who specialize in eye plastic and reconstructive surgery to glaucoma specialists. "The emergence of these sub: specialities in ophthalmology began in the'early 1960s and progressed to a major extent during the past 15 years with the realization that there was so much in the' eye to deal with and a lot of research and 'knowledge needed," said Dr.

Paul Lich-ter, chairman of the interprofessional education committee of the American Academy of Ophthalmology. The acad-. emy recently held its annual meeting in Chicago. "EVEN THOUGH the eye is very small, there are many different kinds of functions in the eye. There are enough complicated problems that are yet unsolved that we have a need for these specialists," Lichter' said.

"Following the four years of medical school, one year internship, and three years of residency in ophthalmology, many ophthalmologists want another year's expertise in a particular area so that they're better trained and better-able to serve the public. "We're beginnning to see the need met for super-trained specialists in some areas, but there is still a need for ophthalmologists specializing in glaucoma, neuro-ophthalmology, and pediatric ophthalmology," Lichter said. "There Tribune photo by Ernie Cox Jr Technician Marlene Fishman adjusts a special camera to scan Mike Maggio's retina during an eye examination. The camera then transmits an image of the retina on the Television Ophthalmoscope Image Processor so Dr Gerald Fishman (background) can see the finer parts of the eye. which determines eye color, and on the lens.

Neuro-ophthalmology." These specialists work with problems in the brain that can affect the eyes, such as a tumor. INCREASINGLY, THESE doctors are aided by special asssistants. Dr. Barnet Sakler, past president of the Joint Commission on Allied Health Personnel in Ophthalmology, said that the role of the ophthalmic medical assistant is to "aid the ophthalmologist in diagnosis and treatment of medical and surgical eye problems." Dodge Aries wagon offers both roominess and economy 1981 Dodge Aries S.E. wagon are a sizable number of specialists in the areas of retina and vitreous and cornea and external disease." Lichter said there was a shortage of veterinary ophthalmologists.

THE VARIOUS specialities within ophthalmology include: Cornea and external eye disease. These specialists are interested in problems involving the cornea, eyelids, and 'surface of the eye. Problems they treat can range from infections to injuries to this area. Eye plastic and reconstructive surgery. Thjs is the plastic surgeon who confines his work to the eye.

The problems might be cosmetic or they might involve tearing problems of the glands and ducts or correcting deformities. I Orbital surgery. These surgeons take care of thyroid problems to help the function of the eye and some, cosmetic problems. Glaucoma. These specialists do research into cures for glaucoma, one of the leading causes of blindness.

They also treat patients and perform surgery. Pediatric. These specialists treat children with eye problems. Vitreo-retinal diseases and surgery. Disease or damage to the retina caused by diabetes and other problems would be treated by these specialists.

Glaucoma and anterior segment surgery. These specialists perform surgery on the iris, the part of the eye than hiding it. And in the Aries the rear seat folds nearly flat to allow convenient loading, whereas on the Escort, the rear seats juts up and makes for a less convenient, two-level storage area. Considering that Hal Sperlich, Chrysler's head of advance product planning, formerly was head of Ford's advance product planning, it would seem the similarities between the two wagons is more than just coincidental. THE WAGON WE drove was the Aries S.E., the top of the line.

Standard equipment includes Chrysler's new 2.2-liter, four-cylinder engine teamed with a four-speed manual. It is rated at 24 m.p.g. city. The car we drove came with the optional 2.6-liter four-cylinder built by Mitsubishi of Japan. It comes with an automatic only and is rated at 23 m.p.g.

We obtained 22 m.p.g. in a mix of city- Cost of owning and operating a car 1979 1979 1980 1980 In cento In dollars inetnti In dollars Model Autos By James Mateja -f 4 Sakler said they are employed in the offices of ophthalmologists, eye clinics; university centers, and research centers. Depending on training, there are three levels of ophthalmic medical assistants: the ophthalmic assistant, the technician, and the technologist. Starting salaries, which vary with experience, location, and educational background, are $7,000 to $10,000. Information on ophthalmic medical assistants is available by writing the Joint Commission on Allied Health Personnel in Ophthalmology, 1575 University St.

Paul, Minn. 55104. every conceivable option, and the sticker read $10,213, including a $305 destination charge. AUTOMATIC transmission was wrapped in a "basic group" optional package that included deluxe wipers, power steering, and special light system and ran $673. The 2.6-liter engine ran $159.

Air-conditioning was $577. Automatic speed control power seats power door locks and AM-FM stereo radio ($100) helped run up the price. One option we highly recommend, however, is the rear window washer-wiper, which costs $77 but is worth it for the visibility and therefore safety it provides. All K-cars have front-wheel drive. It is appreciated in this climate because it helps pull you through the snow.

With sure-footed radial tires and front-wheel drive, you need only move the wheel slightly and the front end is pulling you in that direction. When you add power steering, you can get" a lot of so-called oversteer. THE WAGON we drove was burdened with so many extra-weight options that we didn't think power steering created a problem. But with a minimum of options, it would exaggerate the oversteer, so wouldn't be needed. The wagon rode and handled well, thanks in part to independent front suspen-' sion.

A $71 optional sound insulation package helped drown out road noise. The 2.6-liter engine had plenty of pep and at the same time was quiet. Maybe without $3,000 in options you'd want to stick with the base 2.2-liter engine, however, and save yourself $159. ABOUT THE ONLY annoyances we experienced with the Aries wagon were the positioning of the gear shift selector panel and the type of right-side remote control mirror. The gear selector is located at the bottom of the dash.

The steering wheel pad blocks your view so that you have to duck your head to see whether you are in the right gear. The mirror, also used by GM, has a warning on the glass that says objects miniaturized by the mirror are closer than they appear. Pass a car and look back in the mirror and you think you're a quarter of a mile ahead of him when you may be a few feet ahead. Chrysler (as well as GM) said the glass is a safety feature because you get more in your field of vision. Besides, a spokesman said, after looking in the mirror you should turn your head and look out the side or rear window anyway.

At 55 m.p.h., "Oops" doesn't help. Oil change franchises IT'S EASY ENOUGH to drive up to the window and pick up a couple Big Macs, chicken and fries, dripping tacos, or even a dozen donuts. But where do you go when you want a 10-minute oil change? Former Illinois Gov. Dan Walker wants you to stop at an Oil Express franchise where you'll be in and out before the fries cool off. Walker, head of Oil Express Illinois, A Ik "ill I Wheelbase: 99 inches Length: 176 inches Base 2.2-liter 4-cyl.

engine: w4-speed manual Fuel economy: 24 m.p.g. Base price: $7,254 fits. I'm interested in finding a training course which would comply with the G.I. benefits I have. Could you please give me a list of careers and their job outlook for, say, the next 10 years.

T. Gueyser, East Chicago, Ind. A The information is available, but you have to do the searching. The first thing you have to do is decide what you want to do; why get training in a field if you hate the work? To help you decide, there are several books available in most bookstores on careers. Or to save money, most libraries have career literature in the form or pamphlets or books.

If you want predictions on careers over the next five years, you might consult the Labor Department's "Occupational Outlook 'Handbook." If a recent one is not available in the library, you can purchase it from the Bureau of Labor Statistics, 9th floor, 230 S. Dearborn Chicago. After you decide what type of work you want, you must research where to get the training. Most educational, institutions, public and private, honor veteran benefits toward educational costs. In the spring of this year, you wrote a column on steps to take to become an air traffic controller.

Where can I obtain information on this field? M. Granunke, Lyons A Write or visit the Federal Job Information Center, 13th floor, 219 S. Dearborn Chicago 60604, or call them at 353-5136. If you have a question about your job or anything relating to employment, write the Careers Editor, 435 N. Michigan Chicago 60611.

Answers can be pro-vided only through this column. Please state if you want your name withheld. costs the customer about $14.95 and includes oil and filter change, full lubrication from suspension to doors and hood, and a 10-point safety check from shocks and muffler inspection to loose or worn hoses and worn tires. "The average sale per car is $20," he said. "We don't do the items under the safety check, stich as replace shocks.

We do replace such items as wiper blades or air filters or transmission fluid, which would bring the $14.95 up to $20." OIL AND LUBE franchises aren't a new concept, Walker said, and are rather common in the West. "There are franchises such as Jiffy Lube and Speedy Lube out West. We are the most recent addition to the franchise concept. Salt Lake City alone has 42 franchise oil change outlets. We have no specific, number of franchises in mind here, but if Salt Lake City can do that we should be able to have a lot more here.

"We especially want to locate our outlets near apartment complexes where there are large concentrations of people but little area to work on their own cars." WE TEST DROVE the '81 Dodge Aries station wagon and think it should attract want the fuel economy of a smart er and the carrying capacity of a wagon. Only Chrysler Corp. offers compact, front-wheel drive station wagons. General Motors' X-body compacts don't include wagons. Ford Motor compacts don't have front-wheel drive.

American Motors has a four-wheel drive compact Eagle wagon, but it starts at about $1,600 more than the Aries. A possible competitor is the Escort-Lynx subcompact front-wheel drive wagon from Ford and Mercury. The Aries wagon and its K-car cousin, the Reliant' wagon from Plymouth, are larger and offer more passenger and cargo room. The fuel economy is rated at 24 miles a gallon city versus the 30 m.p.g. city of the Escort-Lynx wagons.

ESCORT AND Aries could be considered rivals in that they strongly resemble each other, from basic exterior lines to the fold-down rear seats for increased cargo capacity. However, whereas the woodgrain applique on the Escort is overpowering, it is more stylish on the Aries and compliments the upper and lower body rather The compact Aries wagon and subcompact Lynx wagon (below) are strikingly similar in appearance. The Aries is larger and offers more' passenger and cargo room than Ford Motor Lynx. Travel per mile by auto costs typical motorist 38-480 AwSs mi highway driving (a majority city). There were only about 800 miles on the odometer when we got the car, which made the 22 m.p.g.

more impressive. Standard on the S.E. wagon are power' brakes, glass-belted radial tires, front and rear bumper strips, bodyside moulding, woodtone applique, deluxe wheelcov-ers, AM radio, and rear door vent windows (the rear windows don't roll down). The S.E. we drove has a base price of $7,254.

But it was loaded with nearly title fees went up 26 per cent; gas and oil 19 per cent; and maintenance 10 per cent. Costs associated with small cars rose more than those of large cars. Hertz; said. The primary reason was new car' costs. List prices on subcompact and compact cars rose 20 to 21 per cent in '80 ove '79 while mid- and full-size prices went up 12 to 14 per cent.

And while dealers discounted larger cars, small ones went for close to list price. The purchase price of a typical sun-compact car in 1980 was $6,042, Hertz said, versus $5,004 in '79. The purchase price of a typical full-size car was $8,781 in '80, against $7,793 in '79. HERTZ POINTED out that length of ownership affects annual costs. A 1980 compact car, for example, traded In after one year would cost 42.13 cents a mile to operate, or $4,215 for the year.

If the car is kept three years, the cost falls to 39.8 cents a mile, or $3,980 a year. Over 10 years the cost drops to 27.8 cents, a mile, or $2,780 a year. Hertz said the reductions stem from the fact that depreciation Is highest in a car's early yearsr lower later. And while maintenance costs rise as a car ages, repair costs don't go up as fast as depreciation. Also, insurance and Interest costs usually decline in a car'i later years.

Subcompact 30 i $3.010 38.1 $3.810 Compact 32.0 $3.200 39.8 $3.980 Intermediate 38.0 $3.800 44.0 $4.400 Full Size 43.3 $4.330 48.1 $4.810 Sourc: Hru Corp. IT COSTS THE typical motorist 38 to 48 cents a mile, or $3,800 to $4,800 a year, to own and operate his car, according to the latest Hertz Corp. study on auto expenses. Previously an American Automobile Association study said the annual costs are 21.2 cents a mile, or $3,180 a year, in the Chicago area and 21.7 cents a mile, or $3,255 annually, for the same car nationwide. Hertz and the AAA differ in that Hertz figures on 10,000 miles of driving annually and a three-year ownership before trade, while the AAA goes by 15,000 miles of driving each year and four-year ownership.

The AAA report focused on a typical mid-size car, while Hertz covered all size ranges. IN ITS STUDY, Hertz said higher gas prices, higher interest rates on auto loans, and the Impact of inflation on new car prices meant that the typical 1980 subcompact economy car cost more to own and operate 38.1 cents a mile than did a luxury 1972 Cadillac or Lincoln 32.8 cents back then. The lease-rental firm calculated costs for the typical subcompact at 38.1 cents a mile, or $3,810 a year, up from 30.1 cents a mile, or $3,010 a year in 1979. The costs associated with owning a compact 1980 model ran 39.8 cents a mile, or $3,980 a year, up from 32 cents and $3,200 a year in '79; an inter- said he has received approval from the attorney general's office to begin offering Oil Express franchise outlets here. Oil Express will be to filters as Midas is to' mufflers or Ziebart to rustproofing, he hopes.

"The whole automotive service business is being fragmented," Walker said in an interview, "especially since the days of self service. The single service concept has been well accepted through muffler, brake, transmission, and tuneup franchise operations," he said. "Everything in auto service is going the specialty route." WALKER CONCEDES there are a large number of people who prefer to change their own oil and filter and lubricate their cars. But he quickly adds there also are many "who don't want to crawl under their car and get dirty." An Oil Express franchise costs $25,000, Walker said, plus an annual fee of per cent of gross Oil Express has two franchises in operation in northern Indiana, in Highland and Hammond. Walker said the trip to Oil Express, mediate cost 44 cents a mile, or $4,400 a year, in '80 against 38 cents, or $3,800 a year, in '79; and a full-size model cost 48.1 cents a mile in '80, dr $4,810 a year, versus 43.3 cents a mile, or $4,330 a year, in '79.

ANNUAL EXPENSES Included those for gas, oil, maintenance, parts, pairs, license and title fees', insurance, loan interest, and depreciation. Garage and toll fees were omitted because they vary by city, but such charges could add another to 25 cents a mile in operating costs, Hertz said. The most dramatic cost rise was In Interest expense on the new car loan, which rose 54 per cent in '80 over "79, Hertz said. Insurance and license and.