The Austin American from Austin, Texas • 1

Vol. 34, No. 142 Price 10 Cents AUSTIN, TEXAS, SUNDAY, OCTOBER 19, 1947 3 SECTIONS 64 PAGES City Edition nwsmwwwuv fo) i t- 1 I ft -V sZ mmm 5 ft, -J: -in The Weather CENTRAL TEXAS: Fair weather with afternoon temperatures in the upper 80's Sunday. WEST TEXAS: Fair Sunday and Monday; not much change in temperatures. EAST TEXAS: Partly cloudy Sunday and Monday: scattered showen in the extreme south portion Sunday; not much change in temperatures; moderate southeasterly winds on the coast.

For Marshall Plan Increase, Mot Cut, Seen For Europeans' Request WASHINGTON, Oct. 18. (AP) Administration officials said Saturday this country may have to increase rather than cut the $22,400,000,000 total of European requests under the Marshall Plan. At the present stage of study, they emphasized this is only a possibility but one which is causing much concern to federal financial experts trying to reduce the cost before offering the program to an economy-seeking Congress. These officials, who withheld the use of their names, said they fear the 16 Western European nations have overestimated their V.

X-M MMmtrMif- Viwr IMx r. shows up in doll fashions at a pre-Christmas toy preview in New York City. THE NEW LOOK' Little Hallie Walker, almost 4, gets her first glimpse of the wasp-, waisted, long-skirted "New Look" as it Ross' Fever Danger Told Fayette Jury San Antonio Medic Tells of Complaint That Money Lost LAGRANGE, Oct. 18 (JFy Dr. W.

W. Maxwell of San Antonio testified here late Saturday in the murder trial of Dr. Lloyd I. Ross that the 43-year-old defendant told him in March, that "Willard York has taken my money away from me." York was slain May 25, along with his wife, son and mother as they drove from their ranch home in Comal County to church in San Ross, who surrendered the same day to San Antonio police, was indicted for murder in their deaths. Called Fever Vlciim At one time in the questioning of Dr.

Maxwell by the defense attorneys, District Attorney J. Lee Diltert objected to the line of questioning, saying: "There has been no evidence of betrayal by anyone." Judge J. R. Fuchs sustained the objection and the defense excepted to the ruling. Dr.

Maxwell, who said he had first met Ross at the Cleveland City Hospital, where Ross was a student and Maxwell an instructor, declared that the San Antonio surgeon's "sense of security" as a result of the loss of th.e money "was greatly disturbed." More Despondent lue Chips Down in Battle for Oil Leases in Texas Tidelands Area ability to increase their own exports in the four-year period concerned, and are over-optimistic in foreseeing a 12 1-2 per cent drop in US prices. Such a drop would better the buying power of their scant supplies of dollars. A heavy republican congressional committee meanwhile returned from Europe with a demand for immediate foreign aid under the Marshall Plan or a "similar plan." Open to Session Call Their statement, issued by Chairman Short (R-Mo.) of the nine-member group of House appropriations and armed services committeemen, said American help must be forthcoming "at the earliest possible time" to forestall a complete downfall of Europe. A series of olher developments in the 'Administration's drive to funnel food and goods to Europe marked the weekend. They were: First, bakers in Des Moines, Philadelphia and Pittsburgh joined a growing movement toward higher bread prices.

Second, Senator Barkley of Kentucky, Senate Democratic leader, saw President Truman and then told reporters he does not think Truman would hesitate to call a special session of Congress on European aid if necessary. Go on Eating Grain Third, a decision on whether to abandon eggless and poultryless Thursdays from the citizens food committee grain-saving drive is expected Monday. Poultrymcn and a number of Congress members have branded the diet-day a mistake, contending that unkilled chickens simply go on eating grain. Fourth, the citizens food committee announced a nationwide program of daily recipes, marketing advice and information on cooking methods designed to save money and food. UT Club Rolls Through Rain To 21-6 Win Slashing Ground Play Keeps Porkers Always on Defense By WELDON HART American-Statesman Sport Editor MEMPHIS.

Oct. 18-Water dilutes the Texas a little, but it is still a potent brew. Arkansas' defense-minded Razor-backs learned that on the sloppy Crump Stadium turf Saturday afternoon as a slashing, ball-holdm running game ground out Texas' fiftji victory of the first Cherry year. 21-6. After an uneasy first quarter in which Texas was roundly out-punted and Arkansas fancy-footed Clyde Scott dashed 47 yards through the slush for a touchdown, Texas completely dominated this important Southwest Conference ball game.

Wisemen Wronc The wisemen had guessed Arkansas, aided by the mud. might beat pass-minded Texas by holding on to the ball. Instead, this happened: From the time Scott scored, with eight minutes played in the first quarter, until Texas punched over its third touchdown with fix minutes played in the fourth quarter, Arkansas ran exactly seven plays and threw one incomplete pass. Counting in six Arkansas punts, that means Texas held the ball for all except 14 plays in 43 minutefl of p'aying time. On their final touchdown drive of 72 yards, the Longhorn clicked off seven first downs and held th ball 13 full minutes.

They ripped off 307 net yards rushing to Arkansas' 71- of which Scott made more than half on his first-quarter sprint. Bobby Layne. balked by the weather in his fnvrrrttr pas Ms! partment skillfully manipulated the persistent Texas running attack that slashed the right side of th big Arkansas line unmercifully. Texas fullbacks made the touchdowns Randall Clay the first rr.m and Raymond Jone the next twn, all on short smashes Into the middle. Passes Click Quick, short, spot passes from Layne to left ends.

Max Bumgard-ner and Lew Holder three ct them at very opportune moments kept the rolling when the Arkansas line rallied. Sharp blocking in the Texas line, especially by Joe Maglioli. Vie Sasicek, Errol Fry, Charley Tatom. Danny Wolfe and Ed Kelley, made the short running game move for Jones, Clay and Jim Canady. It wasn't a good day for the rabbit backs, Byron Gillory and Billy Pyle, although they too contributed valuable yardage.

The Longhorns mastered Arkansas' Jine without the aid of their best line-ripper, fullback Tom Landry. He and Right End Dale Schwartzkopf sat this one out with injury. Arkansas also had two regulars out. Fullback Leon Campbell and Tailback Aubrey Fowler. It wasn't until the fading minutes, after Texas had a I5-point lead, that Arkansas ever chalked a first down.

Desperation oasses got three and carried the Razor-backs to Texas' 27 as the game ended. Meanwhile Texas racked up 18 first downs. This was the first mud game in three years for Texas. Coach Blair (Continued on page 17, col. 2) 20 Billion Aid Program Okeh, Krug Declares Truman Told Nation's Resources Sufficient To Stand Such Drain WASHINGTON.

Oct. 18. P) Secretary of the Interior Krug informed President Truman Saturday that the United States could carry out a $20,000,000,000 program of aid for Western Europe without seriously draining its resources. Such a program, said Krug, would pay for itself in speeding up imports "to this country, and it would help knock the world economy off the dead center upon which he said it has become stalled. Bulky Report But the venture cannot succeed, Krug added, unless Americans cooperate in the President's grain-saving program, and unless certain export controls are retained to make sure this country's steel doesn't go into some other nation's beer cans.

Truman, releasing a bulky-report on national resources and foreign aid, prepared by an inter-departmental committee headed by observed that "the fact that our natural to permit sharing is heartening." The President pointed out, however, that the information must be fitted in with forthcoming reports on: 1. The economic Impact of foreign aid. to be prepared by a cnuncil of economic advisers headed by Edwin G. Nourse. 2.

The "character and quantities" of resources which may safely be utilized for foreign fielp, to be summarized by a committee headed by Secretary of Commerce Harriman. "Aided by these three inter-related studies," said the President, "and 'by information assembled by the State Department concerning the needs of other countries and the measures of self-help and mutual help being taken, by these countries. I shall prepare recommendations to the Congress on the nature and extent of a balanced foreign aid program. "The remaining two reports will also be made public as soon as they are completed. Full Discussion "I hope they will receive full discussion by members of the Congress and by business, labor, agriculture and the general public." Krug told reporters that the most serious domestic aspect of a program of foreign aid is not depletion of resources but the problem of supply.

This is serious, he added, only when related to wartime destruction and to the five major worldwide shortages: 1. Foods. 2. Fertilizers. 3.

Coal. 4. Steel. 5. Mechanical equipment, especially farm machinery, freight cars and mining machinery.

Mrs. C. S. Eidman Dies at Home Mrs. C.

S. Eidmarv 75, resident of Austin for 23 years, died at her home, 2810 Nueces Street, at midnight Saturday. She was a member of the University Methodist Church. Survivors are her husband, C. S.

Eidman of Austin; four daughters, Mrs. Ed OUe of Austin, Mrs. Arthur Rhodes of Austin, Mrs. Ru-fus Ransome of Brownsville and Mrs. Al Higgins of Oakland, two sons, C.

S. Eidman Jr. and Jack Eidman, both of Brownsville; and two brothers, Waverly Vest of Bay City and Willie Vest of The body is at the Weed-Corley Funeral Home pending completion of funeral arrangements. Modify Winter Weather Four Austinites Charged With Grid Gambling City, County Officers, Texas Rangers File Misdemeanor Cases City, county and state officers filed eight misdemeanor complaints in County Court-at-Law Saturday against four Austin men in connection with betting on college football games by the use of parlay cards. The crackdown on betting came Friday night after members of the school board made public that handicap cards were being distributed at the high school.

Saturday morning the cards had apparently disappeared from the counters of Austin business establishments. Felony Case Next Time Filing of misdemeanor complaints of "permitting intermittent playing at a public place" came after District Attorney Jack Roberts and County Attorney Perry L. Jones agreed that first offenders should not be charged with a felony offense. Both attorneys warned, however, that any following complaints would be filed as felonies, making terms in the penitentiary possible. Two complaints were signed by city police, three by George Pope, special investigator for the district and comy 4rt toroeysr'Bn three by a Texas Ranger.

School Board Complaints Chief of Police R. D. (Boss) Thorp Saturday morning said the crackdown on gambling had come after Paul Bolton, member of the school board, had complained of the cards being issued on high school games. Fred S. Nagle school board member, also complained to the district attorney and Sheriff Rip Collins.

Law enforcement officers went into action against the cards Friday night. M. M. Lee, city policeman, said he placed a bet to make sure the cards were used for that purpose. Texas Ranger Clinton Peoples, who signed three complaints Saturday in the county attorney's office, said he also had placed bets.

Charged Saturday with permitting intermittent playing at a public place were Jewel O. Crum, Sam Nassour, A. A. Arnold and Sol Kopel. Murder Charge Filed in Manor A charge of murder was filed in Justice of the Peace P.

L. (Pete) Is'air's court Saturday against Fred Douglas Hill, 20, of Manor in connection with the death early Saturday morning of Connie McVade, also of Manor, at Brackenridge Hospital. McVade died Saturday about 9:30 a. m. following a shooting in the streets of Manor Friday about 10 p.

m. Deputy Sheriff W. M. Bostic, investigating officer, said about half of McVade's face was blown away by a 12-gauge shotgun blast after an argument about the possession of a 25 -cent piece. SENATOR CAPPER RELEASED FROM TOPEKA HOSPITAL TOPEKA, Oct IB.

(INS) Senator Arthur Capper (R-Kas), was released from Christ's Hospital Saturday where he had been suffering from a gastro-intestinal tilment. 'Talking Books' Help Sightless Man By FRED WILLIAMS Ameriean-Stata-nan Staff Some of the best read Texans are totally blind. And therein lies a story. This is a story of some of the finest teachers, musicians and state department heads in Texas. A story of these people totally blind who refused to give up.

who never learned the meaning of the word -defeat-" Blind and brilliant ex-legislator Lon Alsup finally persuaded officials to chip in a few dollars for the State Commission for the Blind, and thereby save double the money being doled out by wel the Gulf regardless of the attorney general's opinion outlawing the practice. He knew of one company that was not shooting. "Thre are Tnore angles to this deal than appear on the surface," he confided. Nearly 2.000,000 acres of land in the Gulf of Mexico will be up for lease bids Nov. 4 in the largest submerged land sale in Texas history.

Keen competition means higher bonuses and more money for the Texas public schools which own the land. 'Spirited' Sale Looms The outlook little more than two weeks ahead is for a "spirited" sale, according to Giles. The land commissioner cannot prove but suspects some hard-hitting tactics by companies seeking the land. The sale has been attacked more than once since it was scheduled three months ago. First there was the proposition that the sale would be in defiance of the United States Supreme Court which rules tidelands belonged to the federal government in the case of California.

The School Land Board rebuked "IMs theory by going ahead with its plans. Fishermen Kick The next blow was struck by fishermen who protested that seismographic operations in the Gulf were killing fish. Oil companies use explosive devices to determine how the land lies, what formations they figure contain oil and thereby which tracts they wish to bid on. Attorney General Price Daniel wrote an opinion holding an old criminal statute, long ignored, as absolutely forbiding discharge of explosives in the Gulf waters. An exception to the prohibition was for companies with permission of the county judge to be allowed to "shoot" on leased land, according to the opinion.

Giles Differs Giles differed with Daniel on his reasoning. Giles pointed out that when a company shoots on its lease to determine the particular spot to drill a well it uses the same methods for the same purpose as a company shooting over a wider area for land likely to contain oil. "The" attorney general has not been able to point out to my satisfaction that any particular boundary makes any difference in the ultimate purpose. We just don't agree," he said. The land commissioner did agree that the attorney general interprets the law and his intepretation should be followed.

He did not agree, however, that the land commissioner should have any hand in filing charges against violators. Unobserved for Years "The Attorney General's Department has never before had to ask permission frmo anyone to file a suit," he observed. The criminal statute forbidding discharge of explosives lay dormant and unobserved for many years. Whether its sudden discovery just before the tidelands lease sale was deliberate is one of the puzzles in the blue chip deal, "The big boys absolutely didn't want the sale to come off. They weren't ready.

If they weren't ready, then why did we schedule it?" Giles asked, following with the answer. "Because we knew some of the little boys were ready and had been ready for a long time. When I say little boys, I mean the companies with half-million to a quarter-million capital. One Work, Study By MARGARET MAYER Americn-Sta tesmnn Capitol Staff Blue chips are down in the oil lease sale of school tidelands due Nov. 4.

The mystery of what lies where beneath the Gulf of Mexico is of such importance as to cause even wholesale violation of criminal laws as oil companies parry for position. Land Commissioner Bascom Giles said Saturday he had been told all oil companies are "shooting" in Taylor Favors Open Meetings Of State Boards Solon Agrees to 'Very Favorably Consider' Bill in Next Session By Amf-rican-StatMinrian Capitol Staff Senator James E. Taylor of Kerens said Saturday he would "very favorably consider" fiupport of a bill in the 51st Legislature to bar closed "meetings of state boards dealing in matters of public policy or with public funds. Taylor, chairman of the powerful Senate finance committee and a floor leader in the upper house, was asked by the American-Statesman if he would favor a rider on all appropriation bills requiring that meetings be open to the public. He replied, by telephone from Houston, that he felt such a move would be useless, since appropriation bills cannot by law do more than allocate money.

He added that a similar provision now attached to the aDDrooriation act for the State Health Department could! probably "be proved ineffective if taken to court. The Health Department is required by wording of its appropriation act to hold open meetings and to keep records open for inspection at all times. Denial to Public Request for Taylor's support of open meetings waf an outgrowth of newsmen's complaints last week at being excluded from meetings of three state boards in one day. Capitol reporters have taken the view that closed, or secret, meetings of state groups dealing in matters of public policy or with public funds are a denial to the public of information which it has a right to know. "Anytime a state board is considering policies or money matters," Taylor said, "I feel very strongly that the meetings chould be open to the public.

You can't have a free press by being shown only one side of these matters. It takes a report of' both sides before the public is fully informed. In no other way can Texas be sure its business is being transacted to the best interests of the state. Only Few Instances "You can put me down," he eaid, "as definitely in favor of anything that will cause policy and money meetings to be open to the full view of the public." Taylor said he could understand why some meetings should be closed and suggested as an example that (Continued on Page 2, Col. 1) Aids Blind in fare.

It took a selling job. Alsup should be good at that now. He has to sell the. blind on coming out into the world as wage-earning citizens. He has to sell employers on hiring them.

But Lon Alsup, like the many successful persons he has rehabilitated, has never faltered in his program. Results: This unheralded agency of Texas state government is now recognized as the foremost such department in the nation. This little agency in the past two years has rehabilitated more of the blind than that of any other state. The man of understanding, the man with an idea, the man with de small company wants to come into Texas. Once it gets a toe-hold, it will take real money for the big companies to squeeze it out.

That means more money for the school fund." So, Giles wants to hold the sale wide open for all comers. He said he would not eliminate anybody if he could have his way about it. Close competition makes for higher biding. He pointed out that other (Continued on Page 2, Col. 3) Young Demos Hit Closed Shop, Elect Brinkley Longview Convention Buries Opposition To All Resolutions LONGVIEW, Oct.

1 8. (P) Texas Young Democrats Saturday adopted a statement of principles characterizing the closed shop as "undemocratic," burying all opposition to this and other resolutions under rousing voice votes. James Brinkley of Houston was unanimously elected president. Attorney General Price Daniel's address Saturday night was the convention's final feature. Regional vice presidents named were Fred Korth of Tarrant County, Leroy Robertson of Dallas, Worth Wood of Harlingen and Earl Sharp of Longview.

Ray Roberts of Mc-Kinney was named chairman of the executive committee and Jack Lang-don of Fort Worth vice chairman. Candidacy Endorsed The convention formally endorsed the candidacy of National Committeeman Roy G. Baker of Sherman for presidency of the Young Democratic Clubs of America. These actions followed a morning session at which former House Speaker Sam Rayburn of Bonham said he is in "no remotest sease" a candidate for the Democratic nomination for the vice presidency in 1948. Ned Fritz of Dallas said the anti-closed shop resolution was "violently aimed against the labor movement." The closed is more democratic than the act abolishing it, Fritz told the convention.

The convention by voice vote adopted it overwhelmingly. Effort Dies Another resolution was adopted endorsing the rural electrification program. An effort by Fritz to amend it so as- to include protection of cooperatives in the endorsement, to criticize the Republican Party for "sabotaging price control," and calling for amendment of "undesirable features" of the Taft-Hartley bill, died for lack of a second. Other resolutions adopted: Advocated construction of ad ditional farm-to-market roads and (Continued on Page 2, Col. 6) Showdown Nears In Paris Strikes PARIS, Oct.

18. (UP) The Communists prolonged the Paris transit tieup and threatened a general strike Saturday on the tve of their stiffest political test a showdown with the new anti-Red party of General Charles de Gaulle in Sunday's nationwide municipal elections. In 36,000 communes across France, voters were said to be minimizing local issues, even though they were preparing to elect municipal councilors. The question Sunday was communism the strikes the party had inspired, and the anti-American aid line it had adopted. Some 25,000 Communist-led bus and subway employes voted Saturday morning to continue their crippling five-day-old walkout.

Engene Henaff, Paris area secretary of Communist-dominated General Confederation of Labor (CGT) flung down a general strike threat in a fiery speech to the strikers. Henaff said Paris workers "have and will use the means to obtain satisfaction for the strikers." "He became more and more des-! pondent." Maxwell testified. The defense introduced as evidence bankruptsy proceedings filed by York March 24, 1947, in federal district court in San Antonio. The petition indicated that York was indebted to Ross in the approximate amount of $153,000 in cash and bonds. Maxwell was one of a procession of defense witnesses called in an effort to show that Ross1 alleged act was the result of insanity.

Ross Rejected The defense also introduced papers to show that Ross, a captain in the Army Medical Reserve, was rejected when the war came because of physical disabilities. The State introduced letters to Ross from the New York Investment Company, which purportedly gave the company permission to handle the doctor's financial affairs "as best (the company) sees fit." Maxwell was handed the letters and asked by Dittert if he recognized the signature of approval. Went Hunting The witness said "it appears to be" that of Dr. Ross. The district attorney asked Maxwell if he and the defendant had ever been hunting together.

The witness said "yes." "Are you the Dr. Maxwell who took Dr. Ross to a rifle range?" The witness replied that he had bee'n to a rifle range once with the defendant, and that they "shot a few rounds." That, Dr. Maxwell said, was In the deer se'ason in December, last year. Formed Opinion The York family was fired upon by a man using a lever-action rifle, previous testimony indicated.

Dr. Maxwell testified that he "definitely felt" that Ross was insane May 25, the day of the shooting. "When did you form that opinion?" Dittert asked Maxwell. "After the event, after the killing of four people," the witness replied. Court was adjourned until 9 a.

m. Monday. Maxwell's testimony followed (Continued on Page 2, Col. 7) Tropic Storm May Miss Coast MIAMI, Oct. 18.

(UP) A tropical hurricane twisted northward in the Atlantic late Saturday, 650 miles from Miami, and apparently was going to miss the Bahamas and the Florida coast which already had been lashed by two similar storms. The Miami Weather Bureau said at 3 p. m. (CST) that the storm had grown to have winds of 115 miles per hour, but that the new northward course would carry it well east of the Bahamas." The bureau, fooled by the storm of Sept. 18 which reversed its path and struck the richest section of the Florida Gold Coast, would not estimate chances of its missing the Peninsula State, but said "draw your own conclusion." "This is now a severe hurricane and extreme caution is advised for ships in the "path over the Atlantic to north of the present positibn," the advisory said.

Doss Rancher Dies After Fall From Roof FREDERICKSBURG, Oct. 28. (JP) Fred Hahn, 81, former Gillespie County commissioner and prominent ranchman of Doss, died here Saturday of injuries suffered when he fell from a roof as he was gathering pecans at his home. Soviet Spurns Panel Test Vote LAKE SUCCESS, Oct. 18.

(JD Soviet Russia and her satellites Saturday boycotted the first test vote on Secretary of State Marshall's proposal to overhaul United Nations machinery and indirectly served notice they would refuse to sit in a year-around assembly even if approved by a majority of the members. The ballot on referring the Marshall proposal to a drafting subcommittee was 38 to 0 with Russia, White Russia, Soviet Ukraine. Poland, Yugoslavia and Czechoslovakia refusing to vote. Four Arab nations abstained. A moment later the Assembly's 57-nation political committee voted membership on the subcommittee to Russia, Czechoslovakia and 13 other nations.

The Russians and Czechs immediately announced that they would not participate because the whole plan was "illegal." Asked whether these steps meant that Russia would refuse even to sit in the "little assembly" envisaged by Marshall, a Soviet spokesman said Saturday's action could be "compared" to the Greek case. There, after being voted down 36 to 6 in efforts to block creation of a watch commission in the Balkans, Russia and Poland were elected to seats on the commission and promptly announced a boycott. Vet, Father Found Shot To Death at Clarksville CLARKSVILLE, Oct. 18. (UP) A young war veteran and his father were shot to death Saturday in what police said was a boundary Palmer Porter, 55, Red River County farmer, was charged with the murder of Willie Lee Stear-man, 25, who died instantly Stearman's father, W.

J. Stearman, died six hours later in a Clarksville hospital. Sheriff Taylor McCoy found the two bodies near Porter's home in Coleman Springs community shortly after noon when county officers investigated an anonymous telephone call. The cloud holes already have been made. Not yet done but predicted by Dr.

Irving Lang-muir as possible were preventing hail in thunderstorms and stopping all ice storms, freezing rain ano also the cloud icing that endangers flying. Dr. Langmuir said it seems possible, by rain-making methods to decrease winter cloudiness over parts of the United States. More sunshine would get through changing temperatures and mod Retired UT Prof Succumbs at 78 Miss Lilia M. Casts, 78.

died latt Saturday night at her home. 308 1-2 West ISth Street. Until he retirement eight years ago, she was a professor in the romance languages department at the University of Texas. There are no immediate survivors. The body is at the Weed-Corley Funeral Home pending completion of funeral arrangements.

Hornsby Bend Man Seriously Wounded Joe David Jr. of Hornsby Bene was reported in serious condition late Saturday night by Brackenridge Hospital authorities. He was suffering from a stab wound in the abdomen. Cloud Control GE Rainmakers Claim Mew termination Lon Alsup. Take a look at a few of the things this agency has done.

The world of literature', of course, was lost to the blind. Today, however, some of our best read citizens are blind. This has been made possible by the furnishing to the sightless of "talking books." "Talking books" are nothing more than a good phonograph which plays records on which have been transcribed works of literature. For example, the classical "Gone With the Wind," requires 120 records. But many blind Texans now know all about Scarlet O'Hara.

(Continued on Page 16, Col. 1) i SCHENECTADY, N. Oct. 18. (P) The General Electric Company's rainmakers Saturday announced new cloud controls which they said could modify the winter weather in the northern United States.

They also announced an easy way for an airplane to make a hole in a cloud in order to descend or ascend through what otherwise would be dangerous icing conditions. ifying winter climate. The cloud cutting was don last April 7 in northern New York and the Massachusetts Berkshire Mountain country. It was done in a cloud filled with unfrozen moisture that had been chilled to below freezing. This is the kind of cloud that puts ice on plane wings.

It is also the kind of cloud that turns into snow, and sometimes rain, whenever it is seeded with dry ice. i I.