Globe-Gazette from Mason City, Iowa • Page 13

MASON CITY GLOBE-GAZETTE, JULY 10 1935 MASON CITY GLOBE-GAZETTE AN A. XV. NKWSPAPKB Issued Every Week Day by the MASON CITY GLOBE-GAZETTE COMPANY 121-123 East State street Telephone No. LEE P. LOOMIS W.

EARL HALL ENOCH A. NOREM LLOYD L. GEER Managing Editor City Editor Advertising Manager MEMBER. ASSOCIATED PRESS which is exclusively to the use for publication of all news dispatches credited to It not otherwise credited ID this paper, and all local news. MEMBER.

DAILY PRESS ASSOCIATION, wllh Ue Molnes and business offices at 405 Shops B'ulltllng. SUBSCRIPTION RATES Mason City and Clear kaKe, by the week .15 Mason city and clear Lak by the year $7.0 OUTSIDE MASON CITI CLEAR LAKE Per year by carrier Per by carrier ,15 Per year by mall $4.00 By mall 6 months $2.: By mall 3 months ........51.2 By mall 1 month .5 OUTSIDE tOO BOLE ZONE Per year S6.0Q Six months Three months BACK TOWARD MONARCHY GREATLY Hitler's rise has shifted the cente of gravity in Europe may be seen in the open avowal of negotiations to return King Otto, exiled heac of the Hapsburg house, to his ancestral throne. The first steps toward revival of the monarchy, indeed, hav already been taken with the preparation of a bill 'in the Vienna parliament to return the immense Haps burg crown estates, confiscated after the war, tc Otto. His return to Austria as a private citizen i expected shortly, and everybody realizes that his re instatement as king is to be expected shortly after wards. A few years ago this would have had Europe in convulsions.

The Czecho-Slovakian government, fo example, for years after the war had laid it down as an absolute point of policy that restoration of th Hapsburgs meant war. Czech forces were preparec to stop it by invasion of Austria, and Premier Benes frankly said so. Italy was also strongly opposed. Si was France. It was a matter simply beyond discus Hon.

That this impossibility seems now on the verge of taking place, without opposition of any strengU anywhere, is due to Hitler. His attempted nazi coup in Austria, which resulted in the murder of Dollfuss and a period of intense anxiety and fear of war changed all minds. Europe began to look upon th restoration of the Hapsburgs as the best available in surance against the union. At the height of the excitement over the naz: putsch in Vienna, Premier Benes of Czecho-Slovakia informally withdrew the Czech interdict against the Hapsburgs, and Mussolini took under his protection and support Prince Starhemberg, the outstanding monarchist leader of Austria. France also fell into line.

Thus Hitler cleared the way for Otto. It is probably that Germany will not like the prospect much. If Austrian Germans get their king back, and seem to like it, the German movement toward recalling the Hohenzollerns may receive new impetus. Also, it probably will put the quietus for some time to come upon Hitler's hopes of "anschluss." But by all recent indications Hitler will not openly oppose. His present ideas seem to revolve about the development of German military and economic strength in a period of peace, with expansionist ideas shelved until a more opportune time.

If Otto does come back, it will doubtless be with only a shadow of the former Hapsburg authority. Austria is now a "corporative state" under a dictator, after the Italian model. King Otto will probably be offered a role about as important as that of King Emanuel. GOOD OLD RAILROAD! A1THAT HAPPENS when railroad facilities are lost to a community or region is being well trated just now over in northeastern Nebraska. About two years ago, on the showing of unprofitable operation, the Omaha railroad was permitted by the interstate commerce commission to abandon a 50 mile branch line between Sioux City and Wynot, Nebr.

Much of its business had been lost to truckers and it was reasoned that the remainder could be handled in this manner without great sacrifice by shippers. The year of grace allowed by the I. C. C. was allowed to expire by the communities served by that branch line and the tracks were torn up.

Here we take up the story as it was presented to the Grain and Feed Review of Minneapolis: "The truckers assured the townspeople and the farmers that they would be entirely able to fill their transportation needs. They pointed out that the bulk of the transportation service was already in their hands and that they could handle what little remained. "Now let us see what has happened in this Sioux City-Wynot territory. First of all the grain rate by rail to Sioux City and the east was three cents per hundred from the farthest point on the line. Now the rate is ten cents a bushel to Sioux City.

Coal was laid down in the furthest town for twenty cents a ton, while at present truckers are offering to deliver coal to close-in points at two dollars a ton. Farm values have depreciated from 50 per cent to 75 per cent. Some farmers are fifty miles from a railroad. Homes in the towns erected at a cost of $4,000 are begging for buyers at levels as low aa $500 and there are no buyers. Lastly the Omaha road paid $28,000 each year in taxes and this sum has been shifted over to the remaining taxpayers.

"This is not a nice picture, yet if the rural merchants and the rural community does not awaken, it is a scene that is going to be enacted in scores of towns that are today thriving trading points." The moral of this little tale is that America must begin to give greater recognition to the important role played by railroads in its business structure, as a direct servant and as a stabilizer and check on transportation rates in competing agencies. ONE FOR THEfpROFESSOR WAYS of new deal financing will prove mysterious indeed to the average person. For instance: The Republic of Panama, with 500,000 gold dollars due her for rent on the Panama canal zone, is going to get $1,690 in new paper dollars for every 51,000 of that debt from the United States. But Mr. Average American Citizen, with $10,000,000,000 owed him in government contracts to pay gold dollars, is going to get just that many devaluated paper dollars, no more.

Professor Warren, that eminent authority on chicken lice and author Of the nation's new monetary policy, will have to do some of his best explaining to wipe away the doubts with respect to this particular matter. PERTINENT or IMPERTINENT Parley's political genius never showed to bette advantage than in getting the tax-paying public tc furnish him with a four billion dollar fund for ex penditure the year before election. Doctor Townsend could scarcely have picked a bet ter metaphor than "whirlwind" for his pension plan A whirlwind, it will be recalled, results from the meet ing of two gusts of hot air. Appointment of a counseling committee to work with "the new democratic state chairman reminds one of a stage of Napoleonic French history. Simile: Inefficient as a locomotive whistle which disturbs a whole community for the possible notifica tion of one motorist.

Some day we're going to have to decide whetue: business or government is to be America's principal employer. That's right, you don't hear the expression, "Souni as a dollar," any more, do you? OTHER VIEWPOINTS WHO WEARS THE COOLIDGE MANTLE? Philadelphia Inquirer: Suppose Calvin Coolidgi were alive today and interested, as he would have been, in the nation's welfare. Suppose he should be waited upon by prominent men, regardless of partj lines, who believe in the preservation of the const! tution and the salvation of the country from theorists, and the dreamers of strange dreams. Suppose they should say to him: "The United States has been passing through a serious depression which, jn our opinion, could have been made to yield to recovery much quicker had wi a practical government in Washington; had the demo cratic party stuck to its 1932 platform instead of re pudiating much of it and running after false gods We have been trying to spend ourselves into prosperity. We are piling up the public debt in an alarm ing manner.

We cannot continue without plunging over the precipice of bankruptcy or resorting to disas trous inflation. "We have gone in for regimentation, for virtua dictatorship, only partially halted by the supreme court. We are threatened with schemes for revising the constitution, which has been our firm foundation all these years, and for depriving the states of many of their rights. We are facing a crisis in the history of the nation. Isn't it your duty to lead us out of the morass, frustrate the machinations of the new dealers and restore to us our birthright?" What, think you, would be the reply of Calvin Coolidge? He is not here to tell, us, but we can imagine him taking the broad view of national safety.

He might respond: "It is true that a crisis is upon us and that the election of next year is of vital importance. It is so important that it transcends all questions of party alignment. If I am to lead you it must be with perfect understanding that, if elected President, it will not be as a partisan, but as a citizen of the United States representing the country as a whole. I shall not recognize party lines. I shall recognize only Lhe grave issues involved, the principles laid down in constitution, the preservation of the people from the dangers that confront them." Calvin Coolidge is dead.

But surely somewhere in his nation there lives an American who can serve it as he would serve it. That man should be found. And is not party, but security, that is the essential thing. Coalition Is in the air. May it discover a safe and sound landing field; REFUSE TO BE CROOKED! Hampton Chronicle: One M.

L. Bowman, discarded jffice holder from Black Hawk county several years ago, and since then one of the lame ducks looking for job at any price, mostly as a paid propagandist, las been on the democratic pay roll in Iowa during he last year as "chairman of the state debt advisory ouncil." His whole work is to "sell" the democratic elief vote getting plan to the populace, and some 'f the newspapers of the state fall for his weekly campaign literature. His latest complaint that a lot of farmers of Iowa are refusing to have anything to do with his "debt listing scheme." In other words, Bowman is finding that a good many Iowa farmers are refusing to openly repudiate leir debts, and are making what terms they can with mortgage holders when it seems that they should onestly be given some sort of a reduction. The real owa fanner is honest, and more of them would have een the last few years had they not been misled a lot of dishonest, political pirates. The honest man is looking to the future, not to the past, and is oing his part to make a comeback for himself as veil as for the country at large, because one cannot ucceed without the other.

The man who has been dishonest in his business ransactions during the last few years of the de- ression not only injured his own credit and reputation or years to come, but he injured the credit of his who were honest. GRADING APPRECIATED NOW Estherville News: Some of the engineering of the owa state highway commission may have appeared enseless to many people, as they saw huge grades onstructed across the country- in the building of primary highways. In many instances the roads seemed have been built unnecessarily high and it may have appeared that the engineers feared a water level which never again would be reached. There has been a certain amount of vindication of the engineering recent weeks, though, as flood waters swept hrough low areas, wiping out railroad lines, bridges and buildings. Permanent highways are tremendously expensive to build and to warrant the money spent them must last indefinitely.

The extra money ex- ended in putting them to a. high grade, adequately has earned dividends already. THE TYPICAL CRIME ATTITUDE Northwood Anchor: John Dillinger's father has left his filling station in Indiana and is now traveling with a carnival company, it is said. He lectures on "Crime 3oes Not Pay." He blames the state of Indiana for he crime career of his notorious gangster son. And iat leads the sensible Casey of the Knoxville Express .0 say: "That is the true criminal attitude--blame somebody else instead of admitting that his son John's feet just took hold on hell in the first place." A MARK OF WEALTH-SHARERS Nashua Reporter: Ever notice that "Share Our Wealth" clubs are made up of individuals with no wealth to share.

After the division of the wealth most of them would drop out of the club. Dedicated to the Cause of Bringing the Soy and of Good Verse Into the Lives of Bant and File Bj LOB MALLOBY Bampton When Adelaide Crapsey died in 1914 she left her work unfinished, a fine poet who died too soon. Miss rapsey was graduated from Vassar in 1901. Two years after her graduation she became a teacher of listory and literature in Kemper hall, Kenosha, Wis. 1905 she went abroad to study archeology.

Oa her eturn she became instructor in Poetics at Smiths ollege. Failing health compelled her to give up her work and it was during this period of semi-invalidism that she wrote her first poetry. Her poetry has been ompared to Emily Dickinson's work because it is so lelicate and lovely. NOVEMBER NIGHT Vith faint dry sound, ike steps of passing ghosts, Tie leaves, frost-crisp'd, break from the trees fall. Reprint DAILY SCRAP BOOK By SCOTT IM-fr)E UNITED A I "T6 POCTo AMD H)5 5-focK OF AND MEM UKE HIM HAVE KEPT MILLIONS OF NATIVES AT-TACHEP fbHE PRACTICE OF INDESCRIBABLE.

ABOMINATIONS SIR HUMPHERY GILBERTIK -THE MAP OF NEWFOUNPLAND HERE i ON ONE S-TAMPS, 15 INVERTED, AND COMPAS -frit WROMQ WAY Copyrijrhl. 193S, by Central Assoclntion. Inc. DIET and HEALTH Dr. deadening cannot diaynosa or give personal answers to letters from readers.

When questions are or general Interest, however, they will be taken up, In order, In the dally column. Address your inquiries to Dr. Logan Clendening, care of The Globe-Gazette, write legibly and not more than 200 words. Dr. Clendenine By LOGAN CLENOENDiG, M.

D. DESTROY RAGWEED TO MAKE JOBS FN THIS period of national crisis, when we must find useful employment through public means for many men, I again call attention to the value of put- ing squads of men to work destroying ragweed plants before they begin to discharge their pollens. The ragweeds are wholly useless and worse than wholly useless: They are pure trouble makers. They discharge their irritating pollen in great profusion beginning about Aug. 15.

This pollen causes hay fever in about 10 per cent of our adult population, making; the lives of the'se people a perfect torture from the middle of August to the first frost. Counting the time out for actual invalidism, and this may be considerable when asthma supervenes on the hay fever, and the expense of medical treatment, and of vacations which are usually more of a necessity than a luxury, the economic destructiveness of the ragweed is from 50 to 100 mil- ions dollars a year. Grows in All States. The various varieties of ragweed grow over near- all parts of the United States. The most pestiferous varieties--the giant ragweed, or horseweed, and he dwarf variety--grow densely everywhere except the northern Atlantic seaboard, the northern Canadian boundary states, the Pacific seaboard, and the mountain states, in other words, they grow in the most thickly populated parts of the country.

It is not the only hay fever producing plant, but ia the' most active, and should be the easiest to destroy. With its destruction, at least half the suffer- ng from hay fever would disappear. Tall and Stiff. The plant is tall, with a stiff central stem. Even dwarf variety grows waist high.

It is easily recognized once seen, and the stiff stalk is very easily cut through with a scythe. It grows along fences, on the edges of groves of trees, in railroad cuttings, and sometimes in the open in neglected fields. At the present date it has attained a height which would allow of easy attack, and to cut these forests of ragweed down and burn them now would prevent pollination which is due in about a month. Regiments of good scythers could remove whole tons of it during the six weeks from July 1 to Aug. 15.

Perhaps the department of agriculture may sometime find a natural enemy which will destroy it, but none is in sight at present. Cows, and even goats, vill not eat it. Why it is called horseweed I don't mow, because horses won't touch it. Even insect jests let it alone. QUESTIONS FROM READERS E.

S. "Wnat can be done for itching of the canal of the ear?" Answer: The drainage of a middle ear infection will cause this and successful treatment of the cause will clear it up. Most cases, however, are due to a orm of eczema and are very stubborn. They are frequently complicated by secondary infection from scratching as by a wooden match or toothpick. Only the left elbow should be inserted into one's own right ear, a prominent otologist opines.

Most cases of simple ear itching are cleared up by he application of the following oil on a cotton pledget by somebody else than the patient): Rectified oil of birch tar, 25 drops; resorcinol, 12 grains; liquid petrolatum, half an ounce. ONCE OVERS By J. J. MPNDT WHAT DO YOU KNOW? BECAUSE you are not paid for knowing something about the work in other departments in the estab- ishment where you are employed, you don't make any ffort to gain a general knowledge. This means you will be kept where you are now working until you "are discharged or until you leave voluntarily.

You will not be chosen as an overseer because you will not know enough about other departments. You know so little you have no idea of how to co-operate for the food of the whole organization. You seem to think if nothing but turning out work that will please your boss. You may be employed in a single operation in a program of production. But because you show no in- erest in the other steps of production you are kept at one thing; soon it becomes tiresome and monotonous.

Evidence of interest on your part would not go unnoticed by those in a position to promote you. It is always profitable to spend some time in study of the ompleted article which is turned out in the place vhere you work. Become intelligent concerning it; how you are more than a machine. EARLIER DAYS Being a Dally compilation of Interesting Items from the Ten. Twenty and Thirty Vears Ago Files of the Globe-Gazette.

Thirty Vears Ago-Chester Stevens has returned for a short visit from engineering duties in Missouri. Mrs. B. C. Loren of Chicago is in the city visiting relatives.

Mrs. A. J. Barnett has returned from an extended visit with relatives and friends in Longansport, Ind. Miss Tisler of Waukesha, arrived in the city today to visit friends.

Denny Cross went to Charles City today on business. Mrs. Orson Hotchkinson of Brandon, arrived today for a visit with Mr. and Mrs. A.

W. Epperson of this city. Miss Clara Remley, who has been enjoying a month's outing in the bad lands of western Dakota, returned home today. Al Deerts left today for a visit at Tracy, Minn. Mrs.

W. M. Wilson and family left today for New York City for a visit. Mr. and Mrs.

E. E. Beard of Canton, Ohio, are visiting with relatives in the city. Dr. Chaffin, president of Bishop's college at Marshall, preached today at the First Baptist church of which he is a former pastor.

W. A. Graham of Omaha, is in the city today on business. Twenty Years Ago-Miss Bessie Bonnaman and Miss Josie O'Grady left yesterday for Minneapolis to visit friends. Mr.

and Mrs. Steven Streeper of Forest City were visitors in the city yesterday. Mr. and Mrs. William English of Lake Mills, and Mrs.

Leak of Fort Atkinson have arrived in the city and will visit for a few days at the Farmer home on East State street. D. Tompkins of Leroy, is visiting in Mason City for a few days. James Elder of Madison, arrived in the city today for a visit with friends and relatives. Miss Dorothea Lewis of New York City ia a guest at the J.

E. E. Markley home. Mrs. W.

J. Ethell of Washington, D. is visiting for several davs in this city with her sister, Mrs. J. E.

Blythe. Mr. and Mrs. W. H.

Briar and family have returned from Waucoma where they visited several days with friends and relatives. Ten Years Ago-The executive and business offices of this district of the Standard Oil company are being moved today to the company's new quarters in the Woolworth building where they will occupy the second and third floors. Mr. and Mrs. Ray Seney and son, Junior, returned yesterday from an auto trip to Peoria, 111., where they were guests of Mr.

and Mrs. A. L. Maulsby, former residents of this city. Mrs.

M. O. Crawford returned yesterday from a short business trip to Chicago. C. C.

Gates, local attorney, is visiting relatives in Franklynn, 111. V. J. Law is in Dayton, Ohio, on a business trip. Mr.

and Mrs. Morris Mayer and daughter, Jeanette of St. Louis, are here visiting at the home of Mr. and Mrs. Louis Goldman, 167 Crescent drive.

Deputy Sheriff Harry Homrig was in Cedar Rapids yesterday watching the antics of horse performers "in the rodeo there. Mrs. E. S. Babcock of Los Angeles, left today for her home after visiting Mrs.

Carl W. Stutenroth, 615 Madison avenue northwest. TODAY IN HISTORY JULY 10 Notables Born This Date--Rexford Guy Tugwell, born 1891, undersecretary of agriculture who is recognized as the No. 1 "brain Tesla, born 1857, discoverer of the principle of the rotary magnetic field, which made possible the alternating current motor. He was the pioneer in the transmission of power without Gilbert, born 1895, Carre Flynn, known as Lili Damita, born 1906, cinemactress Graham McNamee, born 1889.

radio announcer Jean Chauvin, born 1509 in Noyon, Picardy, destined to become one of history's immortals as John Calvin, great Protestant reformer and thologian James Abbott McNeill Whistler, born 1834 in Lowell, destined to become the American painter with the biggest reputation abroad. He is best known at home for a painting he couldn't induce any American museum to buy. This is his "Arrangement in Gray and Black," a portrait of his mother. OBSERVING SCRIPTURAL man also sew- eth a piece of new cloth on an old garment: else the new piece that filled it up taketh away from the old, and the rent is made Mark 2:21 am invading the sports de- partment to present the fol- lowing information about the nationality of our heavyweight boxing champions. It is inspired by the fact that in both wrestling and prizefighting at the present time, an Irishman is wearing the crown Dan O'Mahoney and Jimmie Braddock.

While the Irish are a fighting race, in the past 20 years they have been up at the top surprisingly little. Germans, Italians, Jews and Negroes have grabbed honors right and left but the sons of old Erin have been soldiering on the job a bit. Jack Dempsey, who is part Irish, has been their best exemplar in contemporary fisticuffs. Benny Leonard, king of the lightweights for so many years, is a Jew. Tony Canzoneri is an Italian.

Barney Ross is a Jew. Battling Nelson was the "durable Dane." Joe Cans was a Negro. Max Baer is Jewish and German. Max Schmeling is a German. Jim Corbett was Irish, as was John L.

Sullivan. Bob Fitzsimmons was a Cornishman. Jess Willard and Jim Jeffries were Americans. Primo Camera is an Italian. Jack Sharkey is an American of Lithuanian stock.

But now two Irishmen are at the top of two heaps in boxing and wrestling. Braddock dethroned Max Baer and O'Mahoney pinned the shoulders of Jimmy Londos. a Greek. It is too bad that just at this time March 17 is so far distant! had read in two or three places that Spencer--the one town in Iowa with best reason for having an anti-fireworks ordinance--was without such a restraint. It was Spencer which suf- tered the enormously destructive lire three or four years ago, brought about by fireworks.

Doubting the basis for this report. I went to Editor E. L. C. White of the Spencer News-Herald, president this year of the Iowa Press association, with the query: Has Spencer an ordinance against the sale or use of fireworks? I draw on his reply for the following: "Yes, you bet, Spencer has an ordinance against the sale and display of fireworks within the city limits.

It is welj enforced and observed. There were some firecrackers shot here and there around the town yesterday, but nothing like it used to bs. The people hers are thoroughly sold on the idea. AH we wish is that it could be a state or national law." Accompanying Mr. White's letter, thanks to the courtesy of George Heald, city attorney, was a copy of the Spencer ordinance, which could well serve as a model for other towns which have not taken this torward step.

"Observing must be laying Sesii down on the job of ing those who have occasion to refer to Lime creek into speaking more thrasonically," writes Ted Klemesrud of Thompson, near the upper reaches of this majestic stream. "At any rate one of his own reporters wrote aa article recently, (or was it Mr. Eye himself?) referring to Winnebago river, then a paragraph 1 or so later called the mighty stream a creek. And this of all years. Heavy rains all over, flood after flood in many parts of the country, and even the Winnebago full to the brim for the first time since the days of the Indians, perhaps.

Again the water is running over the Fertile clam, and up north Leland, where last year farmers dug holes in the river bottom with posthole augers trying to find water for their stock, there is sufficient water for wading purposes." --o-fro, can't recall a Mason City municipal band as good as the one serving this community at the present time. As is the case with a baseball team or almost any other form of organized effort, it takes time to build a band. Now Mason City is profiting from the fine foundation laid in previous years by C. F. Weaver and his associates in the municipal band.

A point about the enterprise that possesses a special appeal for me ia the co-operation between municipal band and high school music department. The knowledge that superior work in the high school band may be rewarded with membership in the municipal band is an incentive not to be minimized. The benefits of the co-operative arrangement, however, work both ways. It's to Mr. Weaver's advantage to have such an excellent training ground.

--o-. "wonder," asks a reader, gj "whether the cars owned and operated by the police department will be subjected to the mechanical.tests contemplated for other automobiles. My observation of their age and general run down condition make me a little fearful of the results if such is the case. And that would be rather em- oarrassing to the oity, to which, it seems to me, we aught to be able to look for our standards of safety. Dther business has found that noth- ng is gained from a continued use of worn-out equipment.

When will our municipality get hep to this?" hope for nothing more earn- jg estly than when I come down to the four score mark--if I ever do--I may Be as spry of body, alert of mind, optimistic of'spirit and youhful of life philosophy as Arthur Piekford, the Globe-Ga- jette's farm editor, who passed his eightieth milestone Tuesday, July 9. ANSWERS to QUESTIONS By FREDERICK J. HASKIN, DIRECTOR GLOBE-GAZETTE INFORMATION BUREAU IN WASHINGTON A reader can get the answer to an; qnestion of fact by writing the Globe- Gazette Information Bureau, Frederic J. Haskin, Director, Washington, D. 0.

Please Inclose three (3) cents for reply. Who was Echetlus? W. K. An unknown stranger clad as a peasant, who at the Battle of Marathon appeared armed with a plowshare and killed many Persians. The name was conferred by the oracle.

What was the earliest lighthouse? W. M. Modern lighthouses may be said to date from construction of the Eddystone lighthouse in the English channel in 1756. Give information on the Walters art gallery in Baltimore. K.

M. The Walters art gallery and its contents was left to the city of Baltimore by the late Henry Walters, who died Nov. 30, 1931, and who also included in his bequest the Walters residence and the income from one-fourth of the residue of his estate in trust for its maintenance. The art objects are said by experts to form the greatest private collection ever gathered together. The great collection was begun In 1650 when William T.

Walters, father of Henry Walters, acquired his first paintings. In paintings alone there are more than 1,500 canvases. The oriental collection includes ceramics, bronzes, tapestiies and rugs. How tall was Schubert? K. B.

Probably 5 feet i inch. Where is the Drake memorial park? A. J. On Oil creek, Venango county, and marks the spot where Colonel Edwin L. Drake drilled the first successful oil well In the world.

The 1931 legislature accepted a gift of land by the American Petroleum institute and placed the reservation under the care of the state historical commission. Which of Thackeray's works is called a novel without a hero? E. H. Vanity Fair (1847-1848), also called his masterpiece. Who first used the word symposium? H.

L. Both Plato and Xenophon used the word as the title of a work describing the conversation of Socrates and others. Since then it has come to mean a discussion. What Is the Torrey botanical club? E. G.

A scientific society in New York City, incorporated in 1871 and now one of the six associated societies forming the scientific alliance. It has a valuable herbarium of several thousand specimens, illustrating the flora within 100 miles of New York, exhibited at the New York Botanical garden, home of the club. How are autos loaded in freight cars? G. B. Sometimes by being relied in on thei' 1 own wheels.

The vehicles are loaded endwise and when on their own wheels, three or four make a carload. When loaded by what is called the Evans loading device, the wheels are taken off of the front of the car. When stacked at angles with the front wheels removed, six small vehicles can be accommodated. How many newspapers have representatives in the press gallery in Washington? F. A.

About 310. Is there any observable natural swing back compensating for effects of the drought? M. D. In addition to the unusually heavy rains which have visited the drought areas, hog litters are reported as larger than normal and an unusual number of twin sheep are being born, tending to compensate for the drought deaths and the AAA slaughterings in 1934. Why is corned beef BO called? E.

M. Many years ago, the worn corn meant a small hard particle of any substance such as sand, salt or gun powder. Beef was treated with corns of salt and so derived its name. For how long bave flags flown day and night over the United States capitol? C. B.

The office of the architect of the capitol says the custom of flying at all times from the east and west porticoes originated during the World war. It was felt for patriotic reasons that there should be one building over'which the flag never ceased to fly. The capitol waa selected as being typical. By Robert Quillen "Amy is trainin' her girls to tell her ever'thing, but she don't try on interfere. All she vants Is the entertainment.".