The Los Angeles Times from Los Angeles, California • 10

DECEMBER 31, 1941. PART 1.1 fl WEDNESDAY MORNING. Savant Refutes Theory of Exploding Universe Mt. Wilson Astronomer Reports Results of Long Searching With 100-Inch Telescope Two-Man Sub Invented Here California!) Attempted to Interest Navy in Vessels in 1938 Prayer to Mark New Year Arrival Hundreds of Los Angeles Churches Announce Special Services for Tonight and Tomorrow Watch-night services this evening, to welcome the new i JAjiin lift Year Aw ri, rT w- iw n'i 1 year with praises to God and New Year Day deyotionals In accordance with President Roosevelt's proclamation of a day of prayer, will be conducted at hundreds of Los Angeles churches tomorrow, it was announced yesterday. Among outstanding observ- nations.

Let us pray that our na OF OUR President of tee til TASK THAT CONFRONTS HIM. MJT dht CHIOS AlfJr 1 THAI iw ABLE mmSlHm" LI- RESOLVED Here is the Resolution for Victory, which will be forwarded to President Roosevelt, and Jinx Falkenburg, left, and Janet Blair, two young film actress, who were the first to sign the resolution. DALLAS, Dec. 30. Wh-The world's largest telescope shows that the universe probably Is not exploding but is a quiet, peaceful place and possibly just about Infinite in size.

The observations were made with the 100-inch telescope at Mt. Wilson, Cal, and reported to the American Association for the Advancement of Science tonight by Dr. Edwin P. Hubble, the astronomer who for years had done the most study of the far-out parts of the universe. This telescope sees an area about 1000 light-years across, a light-year being the distance light travels in one year.

The earth is at the center of this space, with the Milky Way immediately around the earth. In this space there appears to be about 100,000,000 other milky ways, or nebulae, each a vast family of suns, gases and presumably comets and other fa miliar celestial objects. UNIFORMLY SPACED The.e 100,000,000 nebulae show two things: One, they are on the average uniformly distributed, about 2,000,000 light-years apart, with near-vacuum between them. Two, the light of the more distant ones is dimmed in a peculiar way, called the red shift. This dimming could mean that they are receding, rushing away from earth, and if that is true, the farthest-away ones now visible are traveling 25,000 miles a second.

This speed of recession led astronomers a few yaers ago to say the universe probably is exploding. THEORY REFUTED But Dr. Hubble reported that six years' scrutiny through the 100-inch eye does not bear out the explosion theory. The nebulae could not be uniformly distributed, as the telescope shows they are, and still fit the explosion idea. Explanations which try to get around what the great telescope sees, he said, fail to stand up.

The explosion for example would have had to start long after the earth was created, and possibly even after the first life appeared here. REMAINS MY8TERY Another explanation, the supposed curvature of space, requires a density of distant nebulae which the telescope fails to find. While the expanding theory cannot be abandoned, Dr. Hubble said, present evidence is against it. This leaves the red shift of the light a complete mystery, which still greater telescopes may solve.

If what the great telescope apparently sees is right, Dr. Hubble said, the nebulae may be endlessly distributed, on and on, virtually to infinity. Submarine 'Death Valley' Found Off Pacific Coast BOSTON, Dec. 30. (Discovery that the ocean floor off the California coast Is lined with Hollywood Pledges Aid to Ail-Out War Effort Film Players Sign Scroll Bearing New Year Resolution to Work for Victory in 1942 deep canyons one of them comparable with Death Valley was reported to the Geological Society of America today, and one scien tist theorized the finding would be useful to navigators defending the coast.

Dr. Francis P. Shepard, Unive sity of Illinois geologist, said that 30,000 "echo" soundings were made In from 50 to 200 fathoms in the Gulf of California, and that the results indicated the submarine terrain had "down-faulted" irregularly. MAPS PREPARED "Narrow, steep-walled deeps cut the central floor of the Gulf somewhat en echelon (In steps,) he said, adding: "To the north, a row of islands is separated from the mainland by a deep, comparable In dimension with Death Valley, but partly V-shaped" Shepard reported that as a result of the soundings comparatively accurate submarine contour maps already have been prepared for the area. AIDS COASTAL DEFENSE Dr.

Kirtley F. Mather, Harvard geologist, commenting on the California work, said: "The findings should be helpful to all navigators, including those engaged in coastal defense. In times of thick weather when other means of determining position might fail, depth sounding3 could be made for a key, and then reference made to the contour maps for definite position," Young Scientist Wins $1000 and Lilly Medal BALTIMORE, Dec. 30. (P) A 33-year-old scientist was awarded tonight a prize of $1000 and a bronze medal of the Eli Lilly Co.

for his work In developing a new science combining bacteriology, chemistry, physics and nutrition In the treatment of disease. Dr. Alwln M. Pappenheimer of the New York University College of Medicine received the award at the annual banquet of the ciety of American Bacteriologists the American Association of Im-munologists and the American Society for Experimental Pathology. Lindbergh Keeps Silent VINEYARD HAVEN (Mass.) Dec.

30. IP) Charles A. Lindbergh today declined to comment on an Army Air Corps announcement that he had volunteered for war service. Since he first took up residence at the Seven-Gates farm on this Southern New England island, he has refused to see newsmen, answer the telephone or reply to telegrams concerning his positicn or activities. Continued effortj today met the same response.

with the offer In the first place-to resume his party leadership with power "to guide it in any action that should be taken." Now the party and Gandhi have differed again and the little leader In whom millions of Indians put their hopes for independence has stepped aside, unswervingly true to his principles of nonviolent civil disobedience. "I must continue the civil disobedience movement for freedom of speech against all wars with, such Congressmen and others whom I select," Gandhi's letter said. The committee's resolution made clear that the shift toward collaboration was dictated net by devotion to Britain but, rather by sympathy with "peoples who are subjects of aggression and who are fighting for their freedom." end that VVfry There will be but one set of New Year's resolutions in Hollywood this year. A group of Columbia Pictures stars has started a movement pledging support of an all-out defense effort during the coming year, instead of the highly personalized resolutions for self-betterment which have been in style for generations at this season. A signed scroll bearing the pledge and designated "New Year Resolutions for Victory in 1942" is to be sent to President Roosevelt It reads: "This New Year We Resolve: "To respond unstintingly to any calls upon our time and resources by defense agencies "To comply with all official regulations "To do our part to help maintain morale, avoid war jitters, with confidence in our armed forces and the righteousness of our cause "To support the President of the United States in the task; that confronts him, mindful that we too have Rolemn and inescap-able responsibilities in this emergency." BY LORANIA K.

FRAXCI8 Times Staff Correspondent WASHINGTON. Dec. 30. The two-man submarine, used by the Japanese in the attack on Pearl Harbor, actually was the invention of a Californian who attempted to Interest the United States Navv in mass production of the death-dealing little vessels more than three years ago. Walter F.

Beachey, retired Los Ansreles capitalist who resides at Canoga Park, attempted, In March, 1938, to interest government officials in a "sardine sub- marine" desimed to run In schools for the protection of American coastal waters. SCORX PRLVCIPLE Aecordlne to a Washington newspaper story which appeared shortly after Beachey's conferences with government officials, the Navy Department "scorned the principle" on which the invention was based and no further action was taken. The Japanese apparently developed the idea subsequent to its turndown by United States authorities. The National Inventors' Council, a government agency established in October, 1940, to act as liaison between Inventors with ideas which might be useful to the defense effort and Army and Navy sources, stated that they would "consider" Beachey's invention if it were submitted to them. Officials pointed out.

however, that the idea of midget submarines has been frowned on by naval authorities for many years. COST EACH In 1938 Beachey proposed mass production of fleets of "sardine subs" propelled by twin gasoline or Diesel engines and approximately 50 feet long and 10 feet wide. The vessels would cost only about $12,000 each, as compared with $6,000,000 for the average submarine. They could be turned out by automobile manufacturers In large-scale production. Although Beachey indicated on a recent visit to Washington that he was not actively pressing his two-man submarine invention, it Is believed that if naval authorities now studying the two "baby subs" which the Japanese lost to United States forces in the Pearl Harbor engagement find any merit in the idea he may be approached in the future.

BELIEVED PRACTICAL The, California inventor still believes that his Invention is a practical solution to coastal raiding by enemy ships. The tiny craft could be based at one-mile intervals along the coasts of the United States, he believes, ready to attack raiding vessels separate ly or in "packs." With a cruising radius of as little as 20 miles they would be capable of protecting almost any shore point from attacks from an enemy fleet. Each sub would be equipped Avith either one or two torpedo tubes firing normal-sized torpedoes. Among the novel devices which Beachey has perfected for his baby submarine is a luclte Spriscope, made from the new ansparent plastic. This would not show in the daylight, he pointed out.

Duchess of Windsor Voted Best Dressed Burlingame (Cal.) Woman in List of First 10 NEW YORK, Dec. 30. (P)-Here it comes, the annual list of the 10 best-dressed women in the world and the Duchess of Windsor heads it. The poll, once conducted by Paris couturiers and for the past two years taken over by New York fashion authorities, netted only three new names two South Americans and one resident of Burlingame, Cal. Otherwise the traditional best-dressed, like Mrs.

Harrison Wil liams, are with us still. The list: the Duchess. Mrs Stanley Mortimer (the former Barbara Cushlng.) Mrs. Byron Foy, Mrs. Williams, Mrs.

Rodman Arturo de Heeren (the for mer Aimee Lopes,) Mrs. Thomas Shevlin, Mme. Felipe A. Espll (wife of the Argentlnan Ambas sador to the United States,) Mrs. Robert W.

Miller of Burlingame, Mrs. Robert Sherwood and Rosalind Russell. How To Relieve Bronchitis cause it goes right to the seat of the tt Var lmun fin1 rnl germ Uden phlegm, and aid nature to sootne ana nea raw, wnacr, inflamed bronchial mucous mem- knnu Tall vniir rlmiffffitt U11 vnn Kit v. "no- a bottle of Creotnulslon with the understanding you must like the way it nnlrlrlv nllnva th couth or von are to have your money back. cRtOMULSION for Chest Colds, Bronchitis TO SUPPOftT? to Sim st The scroll was signed by Jean Arthur, Joan Bennett, Virginia Bruce, Joe E.

Brown, Edgar Buchanan, Cary Grant, Melvyn Douglas, Jinx Falkenburg, Cliff Edwards, Roger Clark, Brian Donlevy, Rita Hay worth, Harriet Billiard, William Holden John Hubbard, Evelyn Keyes, Arthur Lake, Adele Mara, Ann Miller, Chester Morris, Pat O'Brien, Rosalind Russell, Ten- ny Singleton, Barbara Stanwyck, Larry Simms, Claire Trevor, Tex Hitter, Charles btarrett and Warren William, among others. Claire Trevor, speaking for the group, said, "All resolutions must be side-tracked this year for the one all-Important resolve to give everything we have for our coun try. If every American will sub scribe to this simple pledge, our wishes and prayers Willi come true. Hollywood is proud to lead the way." The scroll is to be sent to other studios for circulation so that ultimately it will go forward to the President bearing several hundred names of executives directors, players and others prominent in the motion picture industry. torm Season Lomita .....1.10 4.95 Lompor 82 12.43 Long Beach .25 5.31 Tfer 6.10 7.17 8.87 Manhattan Beach.

.54 Monrovia 1.65 Montebello 1.21 Montrose 1.38 Newhall ........2.12 Ocean Park 11 Olive 1.05 4.18 7.70 6.19 9.67 7.82 5.76 6.56 5.16 9.98 7.46 8.51 9.99 9.45 8.36 8.05 Orange 73 5.97 Oxnard 1.97 5.62 10.65 4.44 6.67 6.60 8.82 7.07 10.85 6.28 8.72 4.49 6.94 5.42 9,02 7.06 8.47 6,21 10.28 7.19 8.86 Palos Verdes 87 Pico .88 Placentia ........1.09 ruente 72 Redondo Beach .65 Reseda 1.14 Roscoe 1.76 San Dtmas 1.00 San Fernando .1.81 Santa Ana 48 Santa Anita 1.96 Santa Barbara .65 Santa Maria 31 Santa Monica .11 Santiago Dam .34 Sierra Madre .1.95 Topanga Canyon. .12 5.69 8.16 6.75 9.64' 5.76 5.64 8.08 7.79 9.94 10.10 5.90 9.45 9.71 9.90 8.C4 13.78 6.15 7.59 5.76 9.45 6.96 9.21 6.78 8.25 Tustln 53 Venice 11 Villa Park 90 Whittier 1.29 I'm afraid Midway Island may suffer the fate of Wake Island," Attorney Fitts said yesterday. "I hope Layne doesn't have to eat rice patties." What do What Not to do about lyliifev A ,7 ances will be the following: A service of intercession and Holy Communion will be con-: ducted at St. Paul's Cathedral "at 9:30 a.m. tomorrow.

Prayers will be offered for the armed forces of the United States and Allied nations. Rev. P. A. Easley announces a service of intercession, with Holy Communion, at 10 a.m.

tomorrow at St. Stephen's Episcopal Church. At St. Thomas Episcopal Church a Watch Night service will begin at 8:30 p.m. today.

A sacred concert will be given at 11 p.m. today. PRAYER SERVICE "Patriotism Before Pleasure" Is the theme of a prayer service to be conducted at 10 a.m. tomorrow at the library in Temes-cal Canyon. Rev.

John Henri Sat-: tig, rector of St. Matthews Episcopal Church of Pacific Palisades, will be in charge of the program. Watch Night services, to include Holy Communion, will be conducted bv Dr. James W. Fi-fleld at 11 p.m.

today at the First Congregational Church. A prayer service and a discussion of "Amos, the Bible Book-of-the-Weok" will be conducted at 2:30 p.m. tomorrow at the First Presbyterian Church. CANDLE LIGHT RITES Candle light communion services will be conducted at the Roger Williams Baptist Church St 11 p.m. today.

Watch Night services at the First Methodist Church will begin at 9 p.m. today. Another Watch Night service will be conducted by Rev. Norman W. Taylor at Maynard Methodist Church, beginning to-, day at 11:45 p.m.

A 1 Scmple MePherson, president of the International Church of the Foursquare Gospel, has asked all members of Angelus Temple and the 400 branch churches of the country to observe tomorrow as a day of prayer for the peace of the world. TEMPLE ANNIVERSARY At Angelus Temple services will be conducted tomorrow at 10 a.m. and 1, 2:30 and 7:30 p.m. The latter service will be in observance of the 10th anniversary of the founding of Angelus Temple. Pastors and members of 123 branch churches in Southern California are expected to par-: ticipate in the program.

A Watch Night service at the Church of the Open Door will be- gin at 9 p.m. today. The National Day of Prayer will be observed at that church tomorrow from 11 a.m. to 1 p.m., with another service at 7:30 p.m. Members of Trinity Methodist Church will join the congregation of the Church of the Open Door in the services at the latter church.

VESPER PROGRAM An intercessory vesper prayer service will be conducted by Dr. J. George Dorn at the Hollywood Lutheran Church at 5 p.m. tomorrow. Special prayers will be offered.

at 3 p.m. at the congregation Mogen David, 1518 S. Gramercy Place. Prayer services every hour, from 10 a.m. to 4 p.m., will, be conducted by Dr.

Sheldon Shep-ard tomorrow at the First Uni-versalist Church. "Prayer is the 'plus' force which will bring victory and pre. serve the people," said Dr. Shop. ard.

"The practice of prayer, with Its release of spiritual forces, Is the most vital part of morale, defense and the better day for which humanity hopes." Invocation to God for the wel fare and victory of nations fight lnsr for the defense of their homes and in behalf of humanity's freedom, will feature a service to be conducted at 10 a.m. tomorrow at the Western Jewish Institute, 7269 Beverly Blvd. Rabbi S. M. Neches will speak on "Our Duty to God and Coun try." Watch Night services, to in clude motion-pictures and close with Holy Communion, will be conducted at the First Baptist Church beginning at 7 p.m.

today. Special services tomorrow will be at 10 and 11 a.m. and 3 and 4 p.m. The Francis Chapel will be open to worshipers from 9 a.m. to 5 p.m.

LETTER TO PASTORS A letter appealing to all Protestant churches of Los Angeles to observe National Day of Pray-er tomorrow was sent to pas tors yesterday by Dr. E. C. Farn- ham, executive secretary of the Church It said: "Let us pray, that there be true understanding and penitence for the failures and wrongs, personal and national, which have brought us to this tragic day. Let us pray to have concern for the "Innocent victims of war of all tlon be right; eyen before being victorious in battle.

"May we pray to understand and to be prepared to support the requirements of a just and durable peace. Let us pray that our President and his advisers be given strength and wisdom. "Pray, too, that our American homes, our civil liberties and our democratic way be preserved and encouraged, and that peace come New Year's Eve Fete Indoors Celebrations Will Be Confined to Night Spots, Homes and Churches Continued from First Page can accommodate, and even breakfast tomorrow morning. The a.prin, however, is extra. Another larger downtown ho tel yesterday was practically sold out for tonight, at prices ranging depending on the loca tion of the seating accommoda tions from $10, through $12.50 to S15.

Champagne cork? will pop in a gay barrage along the Sunset Strip tonight, for practically all the night clubs frequented by filmland's great and not-so-great are sold out for the evening, Many motion-picture stars will greet the New Year from the seclusion of their own homes. One prominent boniface hap nily shrugged off reference to the cancellation of the Tourna. ment- of Roses and the Rose Bowl football game as a possl ble source of economic loss. USE OWN KITCHENS "We 11 miss some of our annual guests from the East on this account, but we're sold out just the same, so what's the difference? It looks like a big New Year's perhaps our biggest In a long time." However, because of the can cellation of the downtown street festivities and the limited hotel and club accommodations for to night, many will be forced to sluice off their tonsils and vocal cords with libations mixed In their own kitchens. Then, with the stroke of mid night, they'll give out with the time-honored "Should auld ac quaintance be forgot And then to thump one an other on the back Just as enthusiastically as in the swank- lest night club, and wind things up with the age-old, heartfelt salutation: "Happy New Year and many of 'em!" IT TO PUBLIC Because so many policemen have been detailed to training volunteer police personnel, air raid groups, it will be largely up to the public tonight to keep traffic within the bounds of safety and prudence.

Chief of Police Clemence B. Horrall said yesterday. "We'll use as many men as possible to control holiday traffic, but our forces are strictly limited," Horrall said. "Citizens can do as much for their com munity and the nation by driving safely as they can by enrolling as volunteer policemen. "People should eliminate as much of their driving tonight as possible; they should keep moving, and they should exercise utmost care to avoid dangerous situations and accidents." For exactly 50 per cent of the city's policemen and for thousands of men in the military services, the tag end of 1941 and the advent of 1942 mean no frivolity, fine food and fizz water.

ON ALERT Remembering the warnings issued by military authorities just before Christmas that the two year-end holidays might furnish opportunities for sabotage or other mischief, they'll be on the alert. The Police Department is still on the 12-hour shift schedule for all hands, and other regular and volunteer defensive organizations will also be on the alert. They intend to see that it proves a happy new year. Former Times' Man Receives Commission Andy Hamilton, head of the news service on the Los Angeles campus' of the University of California and formerly on The Times staff, has been commissioned a lieutenant, junior grade, in the United States Naval Reserve, It was announced yesterday. Southland Rain Tota Monday Storm Adds .85 Inch Weather Bureau Releases Figures for Day's Rain The rainstorm in Los Angeles during the 24-hour period prior to 10:30 p.m.

Monday brought a total of .85 of an inch of rain, the government Weather Bureau re ported yesterday. Since July 1, the starting date of the season, Los Angeles has had 5.48 inches of rain. Last sea son the rain totaled 7.31 inches at this time. During this month Los Ange les had 3.85 inches of rain, an accumulated excess over normal rainfall of 1.41 inches. Over the week-end consider able snow fell in mountain areas, a few roads were blocked and the rain which turned to sleet in sucTi areas as the Ridge Route blocked traffic for short periods.

No damage from flood water was reported by the County Flood Control Engineer. This was largely due to the fact, It was said, that the rain was steady with several hours occasionally when only slight rain fell, giving the water time to run off through storm drains without overflowing. Al Capone's Son Weds Classmate Ex-Gangster Chief and Wife Attend Ceremony -MIAMI BEACH (Fla.) Dec. 30 (JP) The high-school romance of Albert (Sonny) Capone and Di ana Ruth Casey of Chattanooga and Miami Beach was climaxed today in their marriage before 300 guests in St. Patrick's Catholic Church.

The bridegroom's father, Al-phonse Capone, the former Chicago gang chieftain, and Mrs. Ca pone arrived just before the mid-morning ceremony in separate cars. Mrs. Capone came with the bri dal party and Capone followed in a few minutes with three men companions and a driver. Miss Casey, 21-year-old daugh ter of Mrs.

Ruth M. Casey of Miami Beach and James F. Casey of Chattanooga, was given in mar-rlage by an uncle. Rt. Rev.

William Barry performed thp ceremony. Capone, 22, and his bride were classmates at Miaml.High School Aluminum Company Launches 11th Ship OAKLAND, Dec. 30. W)-The Alcoa Cruiser, eleventh new ship of the Aluminum Co. of America's new $25,000,000 maritime de fense fleet, Was launched from the ways of the Moore Dry Dock Co.

here today. Miss Betty Ham- mond. daughter of J. A. Ham mond, superintendent of the Aluminum Cooking Utensil christened the ship.

Gandhi Drops Leadership of All-India Congress Party Following is the rainfall, in inches, reported from various Fouthcrn California points up to 6 p.m. Monday. Because of the war emergency, measurements are published not less than "24 hours after time of reading. Amounts of precipitation less than .1 Inch are not published. Year 34 tin.

Alhambra 2.28 Anaheim 1.25 Arcadia 1.75 Artesia ..1.15 Bellflower .08 Bucna Park 1.11 Burbank ...2.05 Camarillo 2.30 Canoga Park ..,.1.12 Carpintcria 70 Covina 1.31 n.OB 1063 7.69 8.78 7.49 10.02 7.93 8.22 6.27 8.93 6.30 8.52 7.55 9.87 6.44 11.35 5.35 9.11 7.20 10.40 7.98 9.72 7.72 8.86 7.21 10.09 3.91 8.91 6.42 9.13 3.54 8.37 6.75 7.40 7.10 10.06 7.02 10.37 4.70 7.11 5.44 12.37 530 7.97 6.25 7.24 8.97 10.54 Downey Duarte El Segundo .1.77 .59 .87 .75 .1.22 Fullerton Gardena Garden Grove Glendale 1.81 Goleta 70 Hermosa 65 Hueneme 2.20 Huntington Beach .48 Irvine 12 La Canada 1.48 BARDOLI (India) Dec, 30. (ff) Mohandas Gandhi, long the leader of India's independence movement, was relieved today of his leadership of the All-India Congress party at his own request Gandhi decided to retain his freedom to oppose all violence and could not go along with the majority of the party's executive committee in a step toward co operation in Britain's war effort. Gandhi had written asking, "Please relieve me of the responsibility laid upon me by the Bombay resolution of Sept. 16, 1940." The executive committee of the party voted at Bombay last year to withdraw a previous conditional offer to co-operate with Britain in the war effort and Invited Gandhi who disagreed Motor cold? V.bnt cu.v Layne Fitts, Ex-Prosecutor's Brother, at Midway Island Vst P01LY GAS and the fuss I Iff Polymerized and the reason Jiuro right now any teafon (POT IB (tVIILSMIQE One for Swollen Ankles, Layne E. Fitts, estranged brother of former Dist.

Atty. Bu-ron Fitts, is a foreman on cement construction on beselged Midway Island, it was learned yesterday. Although the family nas neara no word from him since the Japs attacked United States island pos sessions in the South Pacific, Bu- ron Fitts, former District Attorney, yesterday said he knew his younger orotner nact Dcen on Midway Island since shortly aft er hln release from the County Honor Farm last May, Layne Fitts served a sentence for knife attack in December, 1910, on Valentine Hoy 21, former S.C. football flayer. 'It's a sad thing to say, out Backache, Getting up Nights touch on the itarttr end you're off to a flying start.

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