The Baltimore Sun from Baltimore, Maryland • 17

3.7 THE SUN, BALTIMORE, SUNDAY MORNING, OCTOBER 25, 1908. Forest Fires Lay Waste Thousands Of Acres est fires In the last half century, and before this twelvemonth shall have come to an end no less than $25,000,000 will have gone up in smoke. Menaced The Redwoods. In the present series of fires the big red- wood trees of California were threatened is like one vast tinder box, only waiting to be flashed into flame. Appreciating the dangers, insurance companies decline to Insure woodlands that come near to railroads.

Therefore the great trees are at the mercy of the Are king. There have been virtually no recoveries for losses growing through forest flres. In a few cases where individuals have been caught in the act of setting fire to lumber," or where their criminal carelessness has been traced home to them, legal proceedings have been instituted, but the number of convictions is few, and evea a successful result does not bring any financial compensation to the man whose forest has been burned. Railroads Are Protected. Once a railroad could be held liable In cases of forest flres started by sparks.

But, of course, it was necessary to prove the case. A farmer thought he was immune when a fire occurred under this law, but la 1863 the Supreme Court limited the amount of liability, and made it much more difficult to prove that the fault was the railroad company's. Now it Is almost out of the question to recover damages under this law. Of course, if the farmer can absolutely prove that his home or barn was destroyed through flames coming from an engine, he can recover. But he must have had witnesses to the fact If the flames continue to spread and get into the forests, the railroads can shelter themselves behind a decision of tho Supreme Court which rules that Individuals must to some extent be fellow-sufferers from the disasters that come to a country.

The railroad company can be made to pay for the first house its engine set on fire, but that ends the liability, and all the heavy losses after that fall on the individual. Uncle Sam has made many efforts to deal with the great problem. In BOine sections of the West are employed forest rangers, whose duty It is to patrol a large stretch of country and stifle flames before they can get enough headway to inflict any serious damage. Legislation Is Needed. This policy has been the undoubted means of saving millions of dollars, and It is possible that the lesson of this year's great losses will have the effect of causing this service to be extended.

Also pressure will be brought to bear on the railroads to have them equip their engines with devices that will lessen the flow of flame and sparks from the smokestacks. This is the admitted cauRfl of not less than 75 per cent, of all the forest flres, and just as soon as it is eliminated, or nt least reduced, the terrible waste of valuable timberland will decrease. HERE is the bill that Uncle Sam pays for forest fires each year: From 50 to 200 persons burned to From 500 to 1,500 made homeless. Lumber worth $20,000,000 burned and wasted. Fifty thousand acres of land stripped of trees.

In addition to all this, there is an indirect loss of at least $20,000,000 more from the loss of the forests, for the passing of woodlands is a blow to agriculture; it aids the drouth; it converts into waste stretches of country that ought to be productive. The present year has seen more of these fires than ever before. The long period of drouth resulted In matchless opportunities for the fire king to get In his work. Last week 21 persons, fleeing from a Michigan forest lire, were overtaken by the flames and burned to death. For weeks cltleB and the countryside in parts of the West have been overhung with a haze that suggested a cloudy or unusually -foggy day.

Yet all the time the sun was shining. Only the smoke from the forest fires obscured the sun and made daylight Bemldarkness. Pennsylvania's Big Bill. Everywhere investigation Is being made to determine the cause of these costly conflagrations. Yet excepting for the fact that It is generally admitted that sparks escaping from the smokestacks of locomotives often do the damage, no one has been made responsible, and for all the wealth destroyed there is none to pay.

In the East Pennsylvania has been the greatest sufferer through these sweeping forest fires, and may be used as an example the conditions that develop from the lack of redress. It is estimated by one well-known timber expert in the Keystone State that in half a century upward of $100,000,000 of property has been destroyed by the forest fires, and, generally, speaking, this destruction has been nearly, if not wholly, an absolute loss Pennsylvania's experience is only one of many. In the States of the West, which are less thickly settled and where the distances are greater, there is even less chance to deal successfully with the ravages of the fires, once they get fairly under way. Then the only thing to do is to cut down a line of trees so as to limit as far as possible the inflammable material, and then take wife and children and rush, to a place or safety. The present year has 6een the worst for A Million Dollar Forest Fire in the Rocky This Modest Baltimore Future Rulers School Is Training The Of Porto Rico This Veteran Breeder Of Bet A Cent On Race Horses Has Never A Horse Race I Mm in fires that devastated the neighborhood.

The most noted of the giants were providentially saved. Then the flames got among the towering cork pines of Oregon, smooth and free from knots, with top3 waving from 200 to 300 feet above the ground. Following these the fires swept through, the great lumber districts of Wisconsin, Michigan and Minnesota, where lumber 13 the king of wealth. Then the disaster spread over the British Columbian and Canadian forests. The dense Rangeley woodlands of Maine, over on the eastern side of the country, were the next sacrifices to the whirling flames, and many a summer camping station in this country of hunters and fishermen had to be deserted to escape loss of life.

Down through the picturesque Catsklll of New York came the fire king, and the fierce fires took place along the Blue Ridge, the Alleghenies and the Pocono. The South did not escape unscathed in the midst of this general destruction. West Virginia and the Carollnas being especial sufferers. In examining Into the causes, It is not to be denied that some of the factors which bring about these flres are beyond the control of mankind. Lightning sometimes ignites the dead wood of the old trees.

This is the time of the year when the bee-hunters start fires In the bottom of old' trees to 6moke the bees out. Fisherman, campers-out and berry pickers are guilty of much that Is careless in the way of leaving flres out. Undoubtedly this last is the most general cause of forest and must be dealt with before the evil3 and waste can be stopped. Lightning And Sparks. Lightning is beyond the control of man.

He cannot legislate against that, but he can deal with the bee-honey hunters, the fishermen and the campers-out, and he can also move to compel the railroad companies to find a way to prevent the flow of thousands of sparks from the smokestacks" of locomotives as they go rushing through the forests. Smoke and redhot cinders are spread In a long path along the line of the railroads and it is small wonder that the leaves and dry woods soon catch fire, especially when a long drouth has dried up the moisture of the woodland slopes, and the whole forest Fatherless, Head of sionally a dash of two and a half miles, three miles and four miles. "We can certainly breed as good horses as England or France, and we should begin next year to send them as the English and French do. Let the jockey clubs reduce the amount of the stakes, especially for 2-year-olds, and the gate money and entrance fees will be sufficient, I imagine, to foot the bills and have a good margin besides." UNDER. THE SPREADING ELMS.

Prominent among the trees at Ellerslie is the elm. There is a tradition among horsemen that wherever the elm tree grows thoroughbred horses will thrive. In creating his establishment Captain Hancock had good judgment to begin with, which he supplemented by careful study of blood lines, Individual characteristics and mating. Along with this he made close observation of the natural requirements in the development of soundness, "health and all the attributes that count In a typical race horse, while his long experience with the life on the farm and its vicissitudes equips him for the business. When he selected Imp.

Charaxus to breed to the fillies of his premier sire Eolus he revealed a discrimination which has attracted the attention of horsemen everywhere. The following is but an incomplete chronicle of their progeny, which has contributed a brilliant chapter to American turf history: Races. Wins Morello, Futurity stakes, 24 $1,750 Euros, Suburban handicap, etc -28 70,582 Elkwood, Suburban handicap, etc 14 36,376 Eon, New York Jockey Club, 34 43,695 Diablo, Brooklyn handicap, eta 34 78,667 Eole, cups, handicaps, eto 27 64,187 Eolian, Wocdlawn handicap, eto 21 18,900 Russell, Great American stakes, 31 81,797 Charade. Metropolitan handicap, 35 50,057 Charentua, 'world's 14 mile record on circular course, 2.04, 39 30,735 Rosinuate, Pacific Coast record for miles in 1.52, etc. 28 11,615 Hammie, Surf 6takes, eto 17 19,235" Lester, the "Iron Horse" 44 20,525 Ma Bene, nine consecutive victories 33 15,915 Chateau, Expectation stakes, etc 15 10,515 Total winnings.

$624,551 On the walls of the hall, parlor and library at Ellerslie are suspended a notable collection of portraits, prints and engravings from the brush and pencil of Henry Stull, Elder and other artists, each of which has an interesting history. Among them may be seen Eolus taken when 25 years old with the five little white spots on his back. A son of Leamington anl Fanny Washington on his dam's side, he came from stock noted for Its racing powers. His grand dam was Sarah Washington, remarkable for her endurance and speed. Back in the forties she won at three-mile heats in 5.40 at Pimlico and made her last appearance in a four-mile race, defeating, the famous Lady Clifderr.

She was then retired and begot Oratrlx by Orator, Inspector by Boston, Escape by Pamunky, Sue Washington and Fanny Washington by Revenue (the old Fauquier county sire), Bonlta by Financier and Olive Branch by Lexington. Fanny Washington made a brilliant record worthy of her dam. At 3 years old she started once and won; at 4 years old, In 1859, she won six out of eight events. Subsequently she captured five straight races at New Orleans, Mobile and Broad Rock, which Included the Citizens' purse at Mobile. In 1860 she landed first in four races when she was sent to the court.

Among her 11 get- were Scathelock, by Eclipse; Rappahannock, by King Lear, and Friar, by Saxon. The star of her offspring was Eolus, who was mated to War Song, whose beautiful portrait reveals her lineaee. She I -I-- ii Xj Mountains, Elisa Rivera, Palmira of the academy, who passed through the upper classes of the grammar schools in record time and was graduated from the Polytechnic Institute in 1907 with an ex cellent record, especially in English, is "I now a student at Lehigh University. He will be among those industrious sons of Porto Rico who will return and help the development of the country. Ramon Rivera and Arturo Diaz, who got a thorough training and knowledge of English at Professor school, are now, respectively, in the first and second years at Cornell.

They will, upon the com pletion of their courses, return to Porto Rico. Selenla Boneta, of Arecibo, Porto Rico, after a course at the Normal School In her native city, came for study to the Porto Rican Academy. She also studied in the public Bchools, and after a few years was equipped to take an important teaching position in her native country, where she Is now the principal of a big public school in Arecibo, where English is taught. The teaching of English brings up the question of the status of the Porto Ricans. Professor Janer says that by virtue of his continued residence here he is an American, but most of his fellow-countrymen in Porto Rico don't know what they are.

"Our connection with Spain exists no more," he says, "and yet we are not citizens of the United States. We are out' in the cold, although the United States is providing a government for us. West Porto Ricans like the rule of the Americans, and although thej hesitate to change their language, they are very desirous of becoming American citizens and saluting the American eagle and the Stars and Stripes." This disposition to the American is attested by the attitude of the Porto Rican students here. The older ones are as American in their ideas and ways as possible. Some of them are now.

wishing they could Cast a vote in the Presidential election. BRYAN" OF PORTO RICO. Speaking the other day, one who handles English with considerable skill and who has studied the political situation in this country, said: "If I could vote I would vote for Bryan. I doubt that he will be elected, but if it were within my power I would go on the stump for him and get Porto Rico to fall In line. If he isn't made President of the United States Porto may grab him up and set him in a Presidential chair of Its own." Professor Janer Is proud of his children, and Justly, too.

His son Manuel, at the age of 17 years, was graduated from the Polytechnic Institute. Manuel studied at the academy and the public schools and made a good record at the Polytechnic, whence he was graduated in 1908. While pursuing his studies at the Polytechnic he was also taking a course in surveying from the International Correspondence Schools. He has already received his diploma and has done actual surveying with considerable success. After a course in medicine, which will begin this year, he will 6tudy civil engineering at one of the prominent nnversities.

While the members of the academy are forbidden to speak Spanish and forced to If v-" -s Chaklottesvuxe, Oct. 24. SOME of the S'outh's mosl interesting turf traditions, as expressed in portraits, pedigrees and other memoirs, many of which are associated with the old Maryland Jockey Club and the Pim-lico race course, have been preserved by Capt. R. J.

Hancock, the venerable breeder, who, with his son, Mr. Arthur Hancock, conducts the historic horse Ellerslie, near Charlottesville. This Ideal grass and grain tract of 1,800 acres is situated in the shadow of Carter's Mountain and beautifully watered by sparkling brooks which have their source in the surrounding peaks. There is a sort of dignity about the commodious and comfortable old house, with Its big rooms opening on inviting little balconies, which speaks of country life as led in bygone days simple and informal, with old-fashioned notions of etiquette and in keeping with usages that are liberal, correct and happy. As the visitor looks out on the landscapes of meadow and woods the place seems invested with the charm of seclusion and gives the Idea of order, industry and profitable results.

Scores of blooded horses and shorthorns, whose condition reveals generous provision and solicitude, vie with each other in beauty of conformation, sleekness of coat, in temper and in movement, as they graze in the open, seek shelter in the groves or quench their thirst in the uncontaminated and vitalizing moun-. tain streams. AEVER BETS OX A HORSE. "I have been breeding and raising thoroughbred race horses 36 years," quoth the genial Captain, who served under Jackson and Early and carries scars which tell of Second Manassas, Winchester and Gettysburg. "About half of that time I was the racing partner of Major Thomas Doswell, of Hanover county, Virginia.

During all these years I have never bet a cent nor bought a pool." This extraordinary statement, emanating from a man of Captain Hancock's standing, who has bred some of the most notable stake winners in America and for more than a generation has been identified with the affairs of the turf its fascination, excitements and temptations should come as an agreeable 'surprise Just now, when there Is so much legislation that is hostile to horse racing. It demonstrates, at least, that the old-time conception of the sport partook as much of legitimate business, sentiment and rivalry as of gaming. As "regulation" is the order of tho day and a general cleaning out of the Augean stables appears to be the vogue, the views of this veteran breeder should be of interest to the younger generation of horsemen, whether'thetr ideas coincide or not. In discussing present conditions and the future prospects of racing. Captain Hancock made the following statement: "What I say is with no ill-will to any of my brother breeders and turfmen.

There la J. B. Haggln, with 800 or 1,000 brood mares, and Col. Milton Young, with half that many. Then there are Messrs.

James R. Keene, August Belmont, H. P. Henry Oxnard and John Madden, with perhaps 100 each. These gentlemen breed and raise race horses enough every year to furnish the world with such stock if they were the right "Now as to England.

There are Edward VII, a true sportsman; Lord Rose-bery, the Duke of Portland and the Duke of Westminster. Perhaps they are four of the wealthiest men in the kingdom. I doubt if either of them has as many as SO brood mares in their studs, but they are the cream of the stud book. TOO MUCH COM3IOX STOCK. "Compare these with a lot of mares picked up promiscuously the worthless ones to eat the heads off the good ones every winter.

Now, why cannot we Americans adopt the same tactics? Get rid of the trash and breed to nothing but the bluest blood. "Then there is France. I she will not allow a 2-year-old to start until August 1 every year, which is good, hard sense, and our jockey clubs would do well to profit by the example. Under present conditions, $5,000 is enough to give any 2-year-old to run a six-furlong race, and $10,000 for any 3-year-old stake. "For instance, start the 3-year-olds, say at Pimlico, not earlier than- the first or middle of May, and a liberal amount of older horses in handicaps and overnight events.

What good sense is there in giving such horses as Morello or Colin. $40,000 or $50,000 to run a six-furlong race, when Bush Whacker and Princeton were sent four-mile heats (three heats, 12 miles) and the old Maryland Jockey Club gave only $2,500 added "They were sure-enough race horses, and so were Glenmore and Willie who went same route over the same track for the same amount of money in the fastest time ever made at the distance." Thoroughly warmed up to his theme, with a benevolent but virile sparkle in bis fine eyes, the stanch old Virginian continued: "I do not advocate four-mile heats nor three-mile heats, but I think two miles is Porto Rican Academy. Dk. Rafael Janek. WHEN the passing pedestrian reads this sign in front of the modest looking houses at 1107-09 McCul- loh street, he does not know that within its portals there are 30 young men and women from Porto Rico.

They are prepay Ing for courses in the local colleges and universities, and when they are finally gradu ated they are going back to their native heath thoroughly Americanized, and -de termined to promote the progress of their patrla, as they lovingly call the island. For seven years Senor Rafael Janer, formerly of Porto Rico, where he was a judge, has conducted the Porto Rican school, which has graduated many men and women, now winning the admiration of their countrymen by their accomplishments. TWO FAIR PHYSICIANS. At the conclusion of the present course in the Woman's Medical College, which opened October 1, two graduates of the academy SenoritasEllsa Rivera and Anita Janer will get their doctor of medicine degrees. After practicing a year here these two fair daughters of sunny Porto Kico will return to their home to become the first women physicians of the island.

Senorita Janer is the daughter of the principal of the academy and is one of a family of prodigies. She took a course in the public schools, where she acquired English. Under the tutelage of her father and the other teachers at the Porto Rican Academy she then studied other branches, which enabled her to curtail her public school course several years and enter the Woman's Medical College at a remarkably early age. She began when 17 years old, and at 21 will be a graduate physician. An example of the capabilities of Senorita Rivera is shown in the manner in which she completed her course In the public schools in connection with her study at thev Porto Rican school.

In 1602 she entered the third grade and in the three succeeding years passed rapidly through the foqrth, fifth, sixth, seventh and eighth, surprising her sister pupils by her progress. Other members of the Porto Rican colony have made almost as good records as hers-r-six years' study in half the time. With the assistance of the instruction In botany, zoology, physiology, hygiene, Latin and modern languages at the Porto Rican Academy. Senorltas Janer and Rivera easily matriculated for the Woman's Medical College, where their work has attracted widespread attention. During the three years they have been there their assiduity has kept them well in the forefront of their class.

SOME INTJUSTKIOTJS As the academy teaches all the branches of a high school and many of those of a university, there are Porto Rican students in the local public schools and medical, dental and pharmaceutical colleges who still study at the school while specializing at their colleges. Thus far 27 students have enrolled for the current term. Many more, however, are expected during the next few months. A list of the students follows Elisa Rivera, 21 years old, and Anita Janer, 20 years old, who will complete their fourth year at the Woman's Medical College in the spring. Palmira Gatell, 19 years old, who begins her third year at the Woman's Medical College.

Josefina Villafanes, 18 years old, and Dolores Plnero, 17 years old, who have en tered the Woman's Medical College first year class, Franclsca Mallen, 19 years old, in the third year of the course in pharmacy at the University of Maryland. Garmen Benitez, 18 years old, in the sec-. ond year of her course in pharmacy at the University of Maryland Teodosla Benitez, 13 years old; Esther Diaz, 12 years old Joaquina Ruiz, 14 years old Inca Ruiz, 10 years old Magda-lena Favali, 14 years old Carmen Espl- nosa, 9 years old, and Gladys Janer, 5 years old, who will attend the public schools to prepare for future studies at medical, dental, pharmaceutical and other schools. Rafael Garcia Oreastas, 19 years old, hi the fourth year at the Polytechnic Insti tute. Manuel Mallen, 18 years old, a sopho more at the Medical School of the Univer sity of Maryland.

Juan Morales, 21 years old, in his fourth year at the Baltimore Medical College. Manuel Janer, 17 years old, who will begin a course of medicine at the Unlver sity of Maryland. Joaquin Masferrer, who has entered the first year at the Polytechnic Institute. THIS ONE IS AT LEHIGH. Joaquin Fernandez, 18 years old; Juan Melendez, 16 years old; Jose B.

Mallen, 18 years old; Juan Guzman, 14 years old; Mariano Rocafort, 13 years old; Jose Guz man, 13 years old; Jose Plnero, 13 years old. and Salvador Plnero, 11 years old, who will 6tudy in various classes at the public schools preparing for future courses in medicine, pharmacy, dentistry, engineer ing and other branches. fiojlejyjjty Manuel Janer use of the cross was, therefore, universal, alike by those who could and Yhose who could not write it was, indeed, the symbol of an oath, from Its holy associations and generally the mark. The Guillotine. THE guillotine consists simply of two upright posts, surmounted by a cross-; beam, and grooved for the purpose of guiding an oblique-edged knife, the back of which is heavily weighted to make it fall swiftly and with force when the cord by which It is held aloft is let go.

Though, as is generally known, It takes Its name from Joseph Ignace Gulllotln, a physician of Paris, who carried Its adoption in the French National Assembly on March 20, 1792, yet it is an error to suppose that he was the inventor, for it bad been In use in many parts of Germany, In England, Scotland and Italy centuries before his day. In fact, Gulllotln had nothing more to do with It than to bring it the notice of the Assembly. Tho real morer In the affair was the famous surgeon, An-toine Louis, but his designs would never have been carried out but for the mechanical ingenuity of a young German named Schmidt, then residing in Paris. The first execution with the new machlna took place at Paris April 25, 1792. Is Friday An Unlucky Day? ON Friday, August 21, 1402, Christopher Columbus sailed on his great voyage of discovery.

On Friday, October 12, 1492, he first discovered On Friday, January 4, 1493, he sailed on his return to Spain, which. If he had not reached in safety, the happy result would never have been known which led to the settlement on this vast continent On Friday, March 15, 1493, he arrived at Palos In safety. On Friday, November 22, 1493, he arrived at Hlspanlola, on his second voyage to America. On Friday, June 13, 1494, he, though unknown to himself discovered the continent of America. On Friday, March 6, 1490, Henry VIII of England gave to John Cabot his commission, which led to the discovery of North America.

This is the first American Btate paper in England. On Friday, September 7, 1505, Melendez founded St. Augustine, the oldest town in the United States by more than 40 years. On Friday, November 10, 1620, the Mayflower, with the Pilgrims, made the harbor of Province-town; and on the same day they signed that august compact, the forerunner of our present glorious constitution. On Friday, December 22, 1620, the Pilgrims made their final landing at Plymouth Rock.

On Friday, February 22, George Washington, the father of American freedom, was bom. On Friday, June 16, Bunker Hill was seized and fortified. On Friday, October 7, 1777, the surrender of Saratoga was made, which had such power and Influence In inducing France to declare for our On Friday, September 22, 1780, the treason of Arnold was laid bare. On Friday, October 19, 1781, the surrender at Yorktown, the crowning glory of the American arms, occurred. On Friday, July 7, 1776, the motlonln Congress was made by John Adams, seconded by Richard Henry Lee, that the United States colonies were, and of right ought to be, free and independent.

Mind Your P's And Q's. THE most probable derivation of this phrase is, that it comes from the printing office, and rose from the fact that the p's and q's in Roman type vary but 6llghtly In form, and that when reversed, as they necessarily are in type, they are easily confounded by young compositors. Another derivation refers It to the "scof written up In the ale-house, where and were used to designate pints and quarts. i Capt. B.

J. Hancock among his get have been Pater, Judge White, T. S. Martin, Jupiter, Venus, Bon net, The Clown, Workman, Workmald, Orphan Lad, Giles, Billy Hibbs, Marster, Trey of Spades, Nellie Burn, Awless, Reynard, Mistiss, Minnie Baker and Aiken. This fall 17 yearlings by Fatherless wert disposed of, and it remains to be seen whether his progeny will "go back" or achieve laurels worthy of their sire and their home.

The English Bible. THE English version of the Scriptures I now in use is itself the result of re- peated revisions. In the preface to the Bishop's Bible (A. D. 1568) a distinct reference is made to early Saxon versions, and there are still extant parts of the Bible in Saxon, translated by Bede, by Al fred the Great and by JElfric of Canter bury.

Early Saxon manuscripts of the Gospels are still preserved in the libraries of the British Museum and Corpus Christ! College, Cambridge. The first complete translation of the Bible was made by Wycliffe, about A. D. 1380 It existed only in manuscript for many years, but the whole is now in print (New Testament, 1731; Old Testament, 1848.) The work was regarded with grave suspicion in England, and a bill was introduced into the House of Lords for suppressing it; but through the influence of John O'Gannt this was rejected. In 1408, how ver, In a convocation held at Oxford, it was resolved that no one should translate any text of Scripture Into English, as a book or tract, and that no book of the kind shpuld be read.

This resolution led to great persecution, though there is reason to believe that, notwithstanding, many manuscripts of Scripture wereat that time in ex tensive circulation throughout England. The first Drinted edition of the Bible in English was published by Tyndale, the New Testament in 1526, and the Bible, in part, in 1532. Tonstall, Bishop of London, and Sir Thomas More took great pains to buy up and burn the impression, but with the effect, thereby, of enabling the translator to publish a larger and improved edition. On the death of Tyndale, Miles Coverdale revised the whole, and dedicated it to King Henry III, A. D.

1535, and in 1537 John Rogers, who had assisted Tyndale, and was then residing at Antwerp, reprinted an edition, taken from Tyndale and Coverdale. This edition was pub lished under the assumed name of Thomas Matthews. A revision of this edition again was published (A. D. 1539), by Richard Taverner.

The Great Bible appeared A. D. 1539, It was Coverdale's, revised by the trans lator, under the sanction of Cranmer. It was printed In large folio. For the edi tion of 1540 Cranmer wrote a preface, and It is hence called Cranmer's Bible.

It was published "by authority." During the seven years of King Edward's (VI) reign 11 editions of the Scriptures were printed: but no new version or revision was at tempted. During the reign of Mary was published the Geneva Bible. A. D. 1557-60, Coverdale and others who had taken refuge In Geneva, edited It, and added marginal annotations.

The Meaning Of Caucus. THIS word is said to occur first in Gordon's History of the American Revoln- tion (volume 1, page 240), published in 1788. He says that more than 50 years previous to the time of his writing, "Sam nel Adams' father and 20 others in Boston, one or two from the north end of the town, where all ship business Is carried on, used to meet, make a caucus, etc." From the fact that the meetings were held In a part of Boston where all the ship business was carried on, Mr. Pinckney in his Vocabu lary (Boston, 1816) Infers that "caucus' may be a corruption of "caulkers' the word meeting" being understood. This derlva- the Ellerslie Stable Lexington and Reel, the dam of Lecompte, the only horse that ever defeated Lexington.

Lecompte was raised by Gen. "Jeff" Wells, of Louisiana, and is depicted in a rare old steel engraving, accompanied by "Abe," the General's faithful old servant and man Friday. Pointing to the picture of Eole, Captain Hancock remarked: "There was a racehorse. He won over 17 topsawyers. William Heyward was his logical Jockey, against whom I never heard a complaint.

He demanded heavy weight and a powerful rider." He was great cup horse and won 27 races, beating, among others, Iroquois (twice), Monitor, General Monroe, Miss Woodford, Parole, Glrofle and Checkmate. The picture shows Eole with Barbee in the saddle, when he was defeated in the Dixie stakes at Pimlico by Crlckmore. When Eon was foaled in 1886 the happy event set the sporting world speculating. Turf writers and breeders manifested great interest and made prophecies which were fulfilled. In 66 races he was placed 63 times.

Among the stake winners he beat were Tristan (who defeated Tenny), Tournament (whose death was recently recorded), Diablo, Raceland, Badge, Ballyhoo, Riley, Judge Morrow, Prince Royal, Ambulance, Geraldlne, Loantaker, Dr. Hasbrouck, Low-lander, Inspector's, et al. Knight of Ellerslie, sire of Henry of Navarre, the Huguenot, and others and winner of the fastest Preakness stake, was almost a full brother to Eon, while his full brother, Saint Saviour, proved the. champion 3-year-old of his year. The gallery also Includes pictures of Morello, another brother of Saint Saviour; Russell, by Eolus; Charaxus, by Kingston (Lady Elizabeth, a sister of the sire of Charaxus, was the fastest 2-year-old ever started In England) Boston, out of Reel, by Glencoe, and Charade; by Charaxus (sold for $240 and won The Captain also prizes very highly a beautifully executed oil portrait which was painted In Paris and represents President Jefferson Davis as ahandsome youth; a picture of Miss Tlllie Russell, who helped to save Captain Hancock from capture by the enemy at Winchester, and a pedigree chart made by Major J.

D. Ferguson, of Baltimore, which bears the date of 2, 1883. EOIVUS AND HIS PROGEXY. Returning to Eolus, he begot colts that made good as sires. For example, Mo-re'lo was the sire of Eddie Jones, one of the best horses ever raced on the coast; Imperious, winner, of the Burns $10,000 handicap, et Russell, who sired Trla-ditza (Memphis seven-eighths mile record, 1.27); Miss Bennett, champion 2-year-old In the West In 1900; Cheesemite, the crack steeplechaser of that year in the West.

In speaking of steeplechasers, Charaxus sired the great hurdler Charawind, another Western star, in 1900, and again in 1903, when he won six 'cross-country races. Coming down to more recent times, for the last three or four years Fatherless, a son of lsonomy and Orphan Agnes, has presided as premier at the Ellerslie court. He was a great racehorse in England when imported to Virginia and hasmade his impress upon the racing stock. of the State, lsonomy is the only horse that ever sired two winners of the triple event." In 1905, up to April 13, Fatherless was the only sire in the United States that season to be represented by five 2-year-old winners. SOME OF HIS GET.

Wonderfully prolific, he is still in his prime and may yet produce a sensational stake winner. He has a long list of colts to his credit, a number of which have proved good breadwinners. Pimlico patrons have witnessed the performance of some of his best progeny and will find him represented at the current meeting. Some Baltimore horsemen have owned Fatherless colts and raced them on the New' Gatell and Anita Janer and while many English ideas are employed In the school, there is still an atmosphere of Porto Rico about it. In the prospectus Issued for the present term some of the rigid rules and objects of the academy, which', are strictly enforced, would cause the average American student to smile.

But if they are broken Dr. Janer doesn't smile. Very seldom, however, are the rules, broken, and to this splendid discipline Dr. Janer attributes the success of the institution and of ita graduates in schools and colleges and in actual business or professional life. THE RULES ARE STRICT.

Among the objects of the school one reads: "To Inspire a love of work In the students, a devotion to study, and to bring out in each an inquiring, observing attention to the phenomena of nature and scientific principles. "To carefully guard the moral and physical education of the students, who are absent from their parents in this country. To instill in them the refinement of the society of North America." Boys who smoke are not admitted to the school, and 'every member of the academy must go to Sunday-school on Sunday and attend church. Recreation is compulsory, and visits to the parks are insisted upon. The members must retire at 10 o'clock and rise at 6.30 o'clock.

The girls of all ages are not allowed to be on the street unless accompanied by one of the teachers, except in rare cases. These exceptions are in the cases of the girls who go to the medical and pharma ceutical The school reserves the right to read the mail of the students and to refuse admittance to any visitor they decide the students should not see. For refractory students and there are, of course, a few at times rigid punishment which has quick effect is provided. Among the penalties for indolence or dis obedience are the deprivation of money and of the right to attend the theatres and compulsory work in the study rooms while the other students are taking a rest. Signature Of The Cross.

THE mark which persons who are unable to write are required to make, insted of their signature, is in the for.m of a cross I and this practice having formerly been followed by kings and nobles, is constantly referred to as an instance of the deplorable Ignorance of ancient times. This signature Is not, however, invariably a proof of such Ignorance anciently the use of this mark was not con fined to illiterate persons; for among the Saxons the mark of the cross, as an attest ation of the good faith of the person signing, was required to be attached to the signature of those who could write, as well as to stand In the place of the signature of those who could not write. In those times. If a man could write or even read, his knowledge was considered proof presump tlve that he was in holy orders. The word clericus, or clerk, was synonymous with penman and the laity, or people who were not clerks, did not feel any urgent neces I BitJiQr the use letters, jhQ antient V.notJtolaiLt.6en.d good horse4 and ocfiajwas- daughter ar, Dancejj.

eon fx' tracts, jvith success, PromineatJLloftMhiCftla.adopjted; Still another derivation refers It to of oldcu tiniesy" 4'.