American Repertory and Advertiser from Burlington, Vermont • 2

from the slave states wjll take place, when the former, refusing to aid the lat- BcRLixoToir, Tcisdit, KovXKBxm 5, 1822. From the f'ermont Watchman. Vermont Colonization Society. nently as possible, temporary works thrown up on the spur ofthe occasion, will answer all the purposes, and may chance to be more important than permanent forts, and cost nothing in comparison. In witness of which, reference may be had to the works thrown up in the last war on Harlaem and Brooklyn heights, when New-York was threatened with attack; at Stonnington, where the yankees played the English frigate and seventy-four, such a yankee caper; and at New-Orleans where defeated, at such an odds in their favour, as to immortalize the skill and valour of the American general and army.

Two or three things more in Captain Partridge's plan of instruction in bis school, and it will be perfect. The virtue and morals of his pupils ought to be his greatest concern. It may be fairly supposed however, that this is the case; for whatever may be a man's attain ence. We say for all 'who; being emancipated)' are willing (o leave the service of their masters; for very many would choose to remain and die on the spot where they were born, and in the service to which they. had so long been accustomed a3 scarcely at all to feel its pressure.

Let the slaves see that the benevolent part of community are doing all in their power for their relief, and determined to persevere till they are all freed from bondage. Let Africa too be convinced of this, and the'terrible revolu-tion above named will never take place. Africa, satisfied thather sons and daughters will at length be free, will meditate no invasion. The slaves will never combine to effect by force what they see so large a proportion of" the community striving to effect by' a milder method; and even if "they should, the people of the free States, convinced that the evil may be removed without violence, will lend all necessary aid to suppress insurrection; and humanity, in the patience of hope, and the labour of love, will wait The annual ameeting of this Society was holden at this place, on the even ingof the 10th in st. The following gen- lleinen were elected onicers for the en suing year.

1 Hon. Elijah Paine, President. Hon. Cornelius P. Van Ness, Gen.

Abner Forbes. Vice Presidents. His Hon. Aaron Lei and, Hon. Phineas White, Hon.

Samuel Prentiss, Hon. William Hon. Ezra Butler. Hon. Charles Marshy Hon.

Seth Wetmore, Rev. James Hobart, Rev. Leland Howard, Hon. Israel P.Dana, Hon. Charles Phelps, Rev.

Chester Wright, Managers. Hon. Jednthun Loo mis, Treasurer. Rev. Chester Wright, Secretary.

From the Report of the managers ex- hibited to the meeting, it appears that the Society, since its organization in 1819, has remitted to the lreasury of the American Colonization Society, the sum of 533.79. A small sum is now in the Treasury, and it is expected the pay- xnenttdue from members will enable the Society to remit $100 more. The un happy decision of the Missouri question, and the spirit manifested by the South- ern Aiemoers 01 congress on me sunject, appears to nave nad a very depressing effect on the funds and the prospects of this society. Many gentlemen, who, at the formation of the Society, came for- ward and engaged in the enterprize with much zeal, have since withdrawn their support, under an impression that the ob- iect of the National Society was only to benefit the Southern planters, and by the Many free blacks, will be found in the removal of a troublesome population country to cooperate in such an enter-from among them, to secure to them- prize. However many may be coloniz- ter, in quelling the mighty insurrecT tion, the black population will gain the ascendency, exterminate the.

whites and establish an independent Reoublick of Negroes over the whole territory where slavery bad prevailed! For ourselves, we look forward to such a change. We see not why ine next generation may. not witness its accomplishment. We be lieve that whenever! the blacks shall rise in their strength, the work will be done. They will be found more than a match for their Masters: and the marching of troops from the free States to crush them, will be sufficiently repulsive to every friend of liberty and equal rights to sev er, in a moment, all the ties which bind these States together.

We go further. We hesitate not to say that such change, terrible as it it to contemplate, is a far less evil than the indefinite con- continuance of the existing state of slave ry. But tne indennite continuance of this state is a vain expectation. Some we know rely for its continuance on keeping the blacks in a state of ignorance. But this reliance is vain.

Africa will by; civilized, and that soon. And when she shall be civilized, and enjoy the blessings of freedom, and science, and literature. and the arts, and shall know that millions of her sons and daughters wear the chains of slavery in a foreign land, that they, or their ancestors, were violently torn from her bosom, transported over the wide ocean suffered every thing but death in their passage, and sold and bought like cattle, it is not in nature that she should not feel for them. And what will that feeling produce? It will send from her indignant shores an invincible host, commissioned by the Almighty to take vengeance on the proud oppressors, the tyrant land and slaveholders of A- mcrica, and let the oppressed go free. ed it is very certain that many free blacks will remain.

If they be not colonized, they will all remain and their number continually increase. With their coope- ration an army from Africa will, in all probability, accomplish the work in a single campaign. Such an enterprize, we admit, will not soon be planned in Africa, but the assistance of Africa may not be needed. Many, we are aware, hvill laugh at these suggestions; but it should be remembered thaf the cry of the enslaved, degraded, and brutalized Africans, has long since ascended to Heaven. And it has been well observed by a distinguished Statesman, who was himself the holder of slaves, "The Deity has no attributes that can take part with us in such a contest." There are those.

we believe, also, who rely for the con- tinuance of slavery, on the instruction of slaves, and the improvement of their mental and moral condition. This reli- ance will, we believe, ultimately be found equally vain with the other. The) influence of religion and morality will undoubtedly be to render the slaves more obedient, and faithful, so long as they believe it their duty to obey. But what was the influence of the religion and morality of New-England at the commencement, and through the whole progress of the revolutionary war? It taught the whole population, almost to a man, that resistance to oppression was a duty. It taught them that God bad created man free, and that all men pos sessed unalienable and equal rights; that among these, were life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness.

It taught them, that to guard and defend these rights, at every hazard, was what they owed to themselves, and to posterity. And when once the sord was drawn in their defence, it taught them, earnestly and u-nitedly, to implore the blessing of Jehovah on their efforts, and confidently to rely on him for success. Let the slaves then be enlightened but in a small degree let the standard of servile war be raised among them, and they will very soon see that the degradation to which they are reduced is an outrage upon God and nature -a. violation of every principle of justice and humanity. They will feel it their duty, as we felt it our duty, to resist, and if possible put down that system of horri ble oppression under which they have groaned.

They will unitedly invoke the blessing of the God of justice, the Vin dicator of the oppressed, to grant them success; to give then Masters as dust to their sword and as the driven stubble to their bow. Nor will they supplicate in vain. He who heard the cry of his people in Egypt, after the lapse of four hundred years, and restored them with a mighty hand, will hear the cry of this long oppressed and trodden down peo pie. He will nerve them with courage he will make them the ministers of his vengeance, and with terrible destruction, he will give them their desire on their oppressors. Against a visitation so tremendous, we freely confess we see but one remedy: and that is, the remedy held out by the American Colonization Society.

Let such of the free blacks as are disposed to go, be transported to Africa. Let room be prepared there for all whose Masters are disposed to emancipate them for that purpose, and who are willing to leave the service of their roasters for a land of liberty and independ appointment. Charles K. Williams, Esq. of Rutland, has been appointed Assistant Judge of the Supreme Court, in place of Samuel Prentiss, Esq.

who declined. We were misinformed last week respecting the meeting of the Steam Boats; they will meet but once a week (on Monday evenintr at this place, and once at Champlain. Domestic Manufactures The Bennington Gazette gives the following nattering ac count of the manufacturing establishments in that place: "There are four Woollen Fac tories in this town, Mr. Safford's, Mr. Joseph Hinsdill's, Messrs.

ilson Rogers', and Messrs. Cooley Volentine's. We feel con fident that merchants in this part ofthe country can furnish themselves with an assortment of Broad cloths and Cassimeres of as good a quality, and as cheap as they can in the city of New-York, at the one or other of these Factories. Mr. B.

Peck Co. are also carrying on the Cotton Factory, and will fur nish coarse cottons very cheap. Messrs. P. S.

Dewey, and Messrs. John Norton Sons will probably distill 100 hhds. cider brandy, which will be for market." Legislative Journal. From the Watchman. Monday Oct.

28. The engrossed bill for the relief of Samuel Hopkins, was sent down from the Governor and Council non concurred. On motion of Mr. Haight, the bill was dismissed. The bill repealing a part of the 14th Sec.

of an act relating to provides for the bringing in of third towns to assist in building and repairing bndg- es, in certain cases, was returned to toe house by the committee, with a report that it. ought not to pass. On a motion to dismiss the bill, considerable debate ensued. The motion to dismiss the bill was sustained, Y. 9C, N.

66. The bill directing the Treasurer to pay David Morse, the sum therein mentioned, was after debate, dismissed. Several bills passed stages this day which will be more properly noticed in their further progress. Tuesday, Oct. 29.

Mr. Bradley introduced a bill for the preservation of fish in the several waters in the County of Caledonia, which was referred to a committee. Mr. Albee, ot ilockingnam, introduc ed a resolution, requiring the Judiciary committeeto inquire into the expediency of passing a law, providing that in cases when poor debtors are siek and unable to pay the fees in cases of nffiror shall furnish medical advice as to the safety of such debtors being committed to prison, at the expense of the creditor. Resolution read and adopted.

The Governor and Council sent down the bill, extending the right of representation to the town of B'ookline, noncon-burred. BILLS BECOME LAWS. An act establishing a rifle company in the 3d Regiment 1st Brigade 4th Division of Vt. Militia. An act, altering the name of Lyman Wellington to that of Lyman Huntly.

An act, directing the State's attorney for the County of Bennington to stay proceedings against Roswell Ford. The committee to whom was referred the communication of the Governor of Ohio, relative to an exchange of Maps, made report of a resolution that the Governor be requested to cause one of Hutchr inson's edition of Whitelaw's Map to be purchased and exchanged with the Ex ecutive of Ohio for a Map of that State. The resolution was adopted. The Judiciary committee, to whom was referred tho bill, so altering and adding to the act of Nov. 1818 regulating anl narnin(r ihe, Milit'tA.

that fin shall be collected by the usual process of civ. il law, instead of the summary manner now pursued, made report that the bill ought not to pass. A motion wnsmade to dismiss the bill, A more zealous debate has riot occurred in the house th- present session, than was excited oy mis question. Mr. Younsin a very sensible and de liberate speech, of some length, contend ed that the existing law was unconstitutional, and its execution, in many instan ces, oppressive and unjust.

It mi the citizen soldier a privilege granted to all others, the inestimable right of trial by jury, tie thougnt no honorable gentle man in the house could wish to retain) that ancient relict of despotism. It was not yet time to tell the citizen soldiers they were proscribed; that the Constitution was made for their fathers and not for them. He should say no to the question of dismissing the hill, though every other gentleman in the house should say yes. Mr. Elliot agreed with the gentlrmnn from Craftsbury, (Mr.

and opposed the motion. Mr. Austin believed there were merits in the bill. It ought to be retained on the table for further consideration. Mr.

Haight was also opposed to the-motion." Mr. Clark, replied to the remarks of Mr. Young and others, stated the manner of collecting fines under the existing Ian, and the salutary effects the law had upon! ments, and however splendid his talents, while destitute of virtuous moral principles, he may prove a calumny to his country. Another evil arising from a military education is a reception of false notions of honour notions altogether at vari-1 ance with the civilization and morals of the christian era, subversive ofthe purity and greatness ofthe national character, and disgraceful to humanity. Captain Partridge can here takext stand, by which he may benefit successive generations, and bring upon his memory the blessings of posterity.

Mis next great duty is to establish his school upon a sure foundation by incorporation, and provide in due season a successor upon whom his mantle may fall, when he shall be gathered to his fathers. If the learning and talents of Captain Partridge entitle him to admiration, not less so does the modest urbanity of his manners as a private gentleman. There is a great deal of affected dignity in the world; a kind of bustling corpulent over bearing which passes for there is nothing to justify the pretension. This fictitious show, this aristocratic bearing has great prevalence among mil itary men. But in captain Partridge nothing of this kind is to be seen, and I pronounce it in him a very satisfactory evidence of true greatness.

Plainness "moves me more than eloquence." From the American Farmer. THE ROLLER-Its use and importance. Mr. bkinner. -Looking accidentally into the Encyclopedia Britanica, at the article Agriculture 1 found the annexed passage, which you may think deserves to be inserted in your paper, as I do my self, because we suffer in this part of the country, from frequent droughts, and the relief alluded to in this article is not gen erally known, though certainly no recent invention or discovery.

Your obedient servant, THOS. W. GRIFFITH. The Roller is an instrument of capital use in husbandry scarcely known in ordinary practice "In the lirst place, rolling renders a loose soil more compact and solid; which encourage the growth of plants, by making the earth clap close to everv part of every root. JNor need we be afraid of rendering the soil too compact: for no roller that can be drawn by two or four horses will have that ef fect.

In the next place, rolling keeps in the moisture, and hinders drought to pen etrate. This effect is of great moment. In a dry season it may make the differ ence of a good crop or no crop, especial ly where the soil is light. XCT Allow me to take this, opportunity to recommend to all road makers, the use of an instrument of the kind alluded to, that is, roller, to press down the materials employed in making roads, before the same is travelled a practice which was successfully adopted, cn my suggestion; by the President and Managers ofthe Turnpike from Baltimore, towards York, in Pennsome years ago. T.W.

G. The Invention of Printing. Mr. Jacob Koning, in IS 16, received the gold medal of the Academy of Sriencies for an Essay on the Invention of Printing, in which he undertook to prove that this art was invented in the city of Haarlem, and in two letters published since, he has maintained that the date ofthe invention was as early as the year 1422. The Senate of Haarlem thought it due to the honour ofthe city to examine the subject, and appoint a committee for that purpose, who have published a long report in which they state it to be their opinion that the invention of printing by Lawrence Janszoon Koster, maybe certainly stated to have taken place between the years 1420 and 1425.

The committee were also instructed to report, in case the opinion of Mr. Koning was con firmed, in what manner the 400th anniversary may be mostpropeily solemniz ed. The Senate of Haarlem have approved the report of the committee, and resolved that the celebration shall take place in the year 182S. The Congress of European Sovereigns, is now probably in session at Virona. England was to be represented by the Duke of Wellington, and Lord Stewart, (who succeeds to the title of Marquis of Londonderry) and France by the Viscount Chateaubriand.

the ultimate! accomplishment of her heart's desire, the complete abolition of slavery, and the perpetual union, prosperity and peace ofthe United States. These are our views on this subject; and while we entertain them we con gratulate the people of this Common wealth that so many of our most distin guished Statesmen have so early embark ed in an enterprize, which, however un popular, has, we believe, a more important bearing on the cause of humanity, and promises more extensive good to mankind, than any One' else of the nume rous benevolent institutions which adorn and bless our country. We learn that the Managers ofthe State Society have appointed the Secretary, General Agent for soliciting subscriptions, donations, and contributions in aid of its funds, and have empowered him to employ sub- agents for the same purpose. We doubt not that the funds will be greatly enlarg- 1 ed, and that the Society will ultimately prove an efficient Auxiliary to one ofthe grandest and most benevolent enterpri-zes ever projected by the human mind. CAPT.

PARTRIDGE'S LECTURES. We copy the following from the Rut land Herald, for which paper it was com municated. "Montpelier, Oct. 16, 1322. "Capt.

Partridge's second lecture on national defence, was given last evening, and this morning he starts with his battalion for Norwich. I shall not attempt even an outline of his plan, because I cannot do justice to its. merits. He recog nizes however, the Jong established and salutary maxims, as the foundation of hi? system, the danger and inexpediency of standing armies, and the importance of a well appointed, and as it respects the officers, well disciplined militia; I did not understand him to propose abolishing militia trainings altogether, although this might and ought to be a consequence of his system. He considers the founda- ion of a well orgrnized military force, to consist in the military knowledge and discipline of the officers who are to com mand the militia in time of war.

This is undoubtedly a correct principle. All the trainings in the world, of our militia, under the present regulations, will not make them soldiers, nor advance them in military knowledge. But let the soldiers entirely alone, and drill and train the same number of officers as now ex ist, and let their, expenses be borne by government, and in case of war we should possess the best materials in the world for forming an army. Let the of ficers be well instructed in one regular system of military tactics throughout the union and place tbem over the militia, when called into actual service, and three weeks woiilcf be a time amply sufficient, to discipline an army thus supplied with officers that would far surpass the best appointed and disciplined army ever known in this country. Capt.

Partridge would divide the U-nited States into thirty military districts. A small state to make one district, and a larger state two. To each district an officer, with the rink, pay and emoluments of a colonel, should be appointed, previously educated at a military school, whose whole time would be devoted to the instruction of the militia officers at set times and places in his district. The expense of this pjan could be defrayed by abolishing militia training, and imposing a tax of fifty cents per year, on men who now are obliged to train, at an expense of time and money far exceeding that Captain' Partridge supposes that the splendid, and fondlv cherished plan of defence now going into effect on the sea board, by then construction of a line of fortifications, will b.e found delusive and inefficient; and th reasons for his opinion, are good of coniidcra-tion. In the first place they cannot be erected so as to stand permanently; but will require after a few years, an expense of one quarter of their original cost to keep them in repair.

In the next place a mere guard for each fortification, will require an increase of the regulrr army, and consequent expenditures, prejudicial to the interests of the country; and last ly, after a few fortifications at some of the most prominent and important points on the seaboard, are erected as perma selves the quiet and perpetual possession of their slaves. It should however, be considered, that the influence of this society has already produced an entire change in the policy of the General bov- ernment in relation to the slave trade, To this society and to the English Afri- can Institution, after which it has been modelled may be ascribed the vigorous application of the Navy of the United States for thelsuppression of the slave trade, the law denouncing that inhuman trafic as piracy, and making it punishable with death, and the restoration of cap- tured negroes to their native land, there to enjoy the blessings of civilization, freedom and religion, who before were subjects to be sold by the Marshals of the United States into perpetual slavery, Were the operations and influence of the I society to proceed no further, who would not rejoice that it had produced such important and beneficial results, and who would regret that he had paid a few dol- Ian into its treasury. But the Institu- tion will not stop here. It contemplates, I in connexion with other similar Institu tioni, The establishment of Colonies on every part of the cultivable coast of Africa, the civilization and christianiza-ticn of the whole population of that section of the globe, the removal of the free blacks from America, the gradual emancipation and removal of the slaves until the tremendous curse of slavery shall be removed from this boasted land of liberty. We are aware of the jealousies and prejudices which exist between portions of this great community, situated so differently, in regard to this subject, as are the people of slave-holding and the non slave-hcldine States.

But we feel it our duty to rise above them. Had the present inhabitants of the former originated the evil of slavery, they would have been entitled to little sympathy, and to little respect from the inhabitants of the But to forget that they are our brethren, because it is our happy lot to he born where every man is free, and Xheir unhappiness to be bom under the pressure of the terrible evil of slavery, is Naot Christian philanthropy. And tho' we view with abhorence the decision of the Missouri question, as a measure por tentious of evil to our country beyond calculation, we still sympathize with our brethren of the South. We feel for the millions yet to be born, and to inhabit the State of Missouri, under that dire tuuioc nuiiu mc iciie measures uuiii ui that State, and of the national govern meat, have entailed upon them. More pungently still do we feel for the millions of our brethren, for brethren we will call them, who are now, and whose chil dren, and children's children will hereafter be doomed to wear the chains of slavery, and never taste the sweats, nor know the alue of freedom.

But we do not believe the free black population will be of much benefit, to them in any Qiher Way than by projecting and prosecuting to effect, a servile war for the recovery of their liberties, by the extermination of Ihe whites. An attempt of this kind would avail nothing, unless the Union of the States Were dissolved, for otherwise, the whole force of the nation, if necessary, must be brought forward to suppress it. This aid is guaranteed to every section of the country by the Constitution of the United States. The time may indeed come when such a war will break out; when aseperation of the free.