The Montana Standard from Butte, Montana • 1

Montana AisoeIafe3 Presi United Press Central Press TAXES AND ttt a r-k ncr It Takes Both VOL LXXXf No. 167 ESTABLISHED 1876 BUTTE, MONTANA, WEDNESDAY MORNING, MARCH 22, 1944 HOME EDITION PRICE FIVE CENTS 'The Price of Victory ismcffck Archipelago Base Russians Near Border of Rumania Important Rail Line Is Severed in Fight LONDON, Wednesday, He Id b.Y Japs Now Isolat Allied Forces Are Driven From Cassino Stronghold Fanatic Young Parachute Troopers, Toughest in German Army, Battle Their Way Back Into City ALLIED HEADQUARTERS, NAPLES, March 21. (JP) Fanatical young Nazi parachute troops perhaps the toughest men in the German army have fought their way back into the ruins of the Continental hotel at Cassino's edge and continue to wage a desperate struggle for vital heights behind the stronghold, it was announced Tuesday. Only yesterday New Zealand troops and tanks blasted their way into the extensive wreckage of the hotel on the southwestern outskirts and seized 180 prisoners, But last night the Germans struck back savagely under the exhortation of their commander, Lt. Gen.

Richard Heidrich, to throw the Hull Calls on Liberty Loving People to Fight; Issues Policies Allies out of Cassino. New Zealand and Indian troops still held the railway station and Castle hill on the slope of Mt. Cassino, but the Nazis were throwing vicious counterattacks against In dian Gurkhas clinging to Castle hill. Allied dive-bombers again sup plied isolated Allied troops by parachute. The ferocity of the Nazi's defense was partly explained by the dis closure that Heldrich's parachute troops, to whom have been added units of a crack armored grenadier division, average about 20 years of age and are thoroughly Imbued with the Nazi doctrine.

Most of them are fighting to the death. An Allied communique held no promise of an early decision. At the battle site, Lynn Heinzer-ling of the Associated Press wrote at 4:15 p. m. Tuesday that the Germans had firmly established themselves on a commandine heieht known as Hill 165, which they re- (Continued on Page 12, Col.

8) Japs Approaching India's Border NEW DELHI. March 91 Japanese troops have driven in force io wiuun less than 15 miles of the Indian border, Admiral Lord Louis Mounbatten's headouart. er on. nounced'Tuesday. a southeast Asia command communique said strong enemy forces iubi Eurgea across eurma upper Chindwin river last Wednesday in me nomaun area, 45 miles east of India' Manipur state, had continued their "general westward movement." British imperial troops yesterday engaged one of the advancng enemy columns, and fWhtinar mntJniise it.

was announced, but details are not yet avauaDie. American Moves Diplomatically Are Clarified mania and Bulgaria swarm increasingly thicker. For the most part, the other points repeated utterances which Hull has made from time to time but in some cases there were significant expansions. Thus, in listing the Atlantic Charter as one point, Hull emphasized that it "implies an obligation for each nation to demonstrate its capacity for stable and progressive government, to fulfill scrupulously its established duties to other nations This stress on the two-way application of the Atlantic Charter would seem a response to recent inquiries as to whether the Charter applies to Germany. Hull issued his statement because, he said, there has been a growing interest in American foreign policy, evidenced by increasing requests for Information.

"In determining our foreign policy," the secretary declared in his first point, "we must first see clearly what our true national interests are. "At the present tune, the paramount aim of our foreign policy is to dereat our enemies as quickly as possible. "Beyond final victory, our fun-(Continued on Page 12, Col. 1) U. S.

Oil Reserves Said Dwindling WASHINGTON, March 21. flJJO- Warning that United State oil re-; serves in this hemisphere are dwindling at a dangerous rate, Secretary of the Navy Frank Knox said Tuesday the United States must go through with the proposed Arabian petroleum pipe line despite opposition by "a lot of selfish oil companies." He told a news conference that the Army-Navy chiefs of staff favor immediate construction of the pipe line "to assure an adequate oil supply to the prosecution of the war" and have formally approved establishment of a reserve in Saudi Arabia. The pipe line from Arabia to the Mediterranean would be financed by the Petroleum Reserves Corporation. Germans Extend Occupation Communications in Bulgaria Seized LONDON, March 21. (TV-German forces were reported Tuesday night to have taken over communications centers in Sofia, capital of Bulgaria, even while a Nazi army of 100,000 men developed their occupation of Hungary, while Adolf Hitler was said to be maneuvering to set up a quisling regime.

Without immediate confirmation from other sources, the Ankara Turkish radio- declared that the Germans had occupied the postal and telegraph offices of Sofia. The broadcast was recorded in Bern, Switzerland. The reported move perhaps presaged a full-scale drive into Bulgaria such as was sent against Hungary, where the German occupation was meeting some opposition. Hungarian troops loyal to their regent, Admiral Nicholas Horthy, resisted stubbornly at some points, (Continued on Page 12, CoL 7) Streams of Lava From Vesuvius Engulf Villages Violent Eruption Shoots Molten Mass Into the Air By JOSEPH MORTON ON THE SLOPES OF MT. VESUVIUS, March 21.

(IP) Lava streams spilling from the fiery crater of historic Mt. Vesuvius swollen and multiplied by a violent new eruption swept on one town Tuesday night and threatened two others at the volcano's base, after engulfing two villages during the day. Two Italian boys were reported killed by an explosion of a stone cistern at Massa di Somma after lava spreading above it brought the water to a boil and a geyser leaped Into the air. A violent eruption of Vesuvius at 4:30 p. m.

threw jets of lava about 1,000 feet skyward and hurdled additional streams of the molten mass down the slopes. In the van of the molten, gluey mass scrambled a tearful, pitiful army of bewildered villagers, loaded down with household goods. In its wake lay thousands upon thousands of tons of fiery red coals, piling higher and higher over homes and orchards and vineyards. The towns engulfed by the molten rock were San Sebastian? di Somma, both about a mile and a half from the top of the volcanic mountain. Faced with a similar fate was-Cercola.

At mid-afternoon the lava field was less than 150 feet from its town hall. Over Vesuvius, indulging In its most fearsome eruption since 1872, hung a blackish pall, and the entire Naples area was in a strange twilight caused by a cloud of gray dust. The stream of lava, 90 feet deep at points, sent up flames and sulphurous fumes An Italian scientist, Prof. Giuseppe Imbo, of the Royal Vesuvius observatory, reported he was unable to detect any signs that the lava flow would cease soon. He has been on the mountain since Saturday noon, when the huge crater "blew off." Rushing more than 200 big trucks to San Sebastlano and Massa di Somma before the lava reached them last night, the American and British armies, the R.

A. F. and the Allied military government played a major part in the evacu atlng the two doomed towns. Platoon after platoon of soldiers, including military policemen, en tered the area to assist. A food dump (Continued on Page 12, Col.

5) WEATHER FORECAST Butte Occasional light snows and cloudy Wednesday. Little change in temperature. Tuesday's temperatures: Maximum, 35; minimum, 20. Montana West of continental divide: Cloudy with occasional light snows north portion. Not much change In temperature.

East of continental divide: Increasing cloudiness west with occasional light showers extreme northwest in afternoon. Partly cloudy east portion with scattered snow flurries extreme east in afternoon. Wanner west and central portions. French Coast Battered by Warplanes 20 Enemy Craft Shot Down in Operations LONDON, Wednesday, March 22. (JP) American four-engined Liberators attacked the Pas-de-Calals invasion coast area of northern France Tuesday without losing a plane and swift Mus tangs of the Eighth Air force made an unprecedented sweep over 450 miles of occupied France, strafing enemy airdromes and destroying 20 planes.

all the way from Paris to the Pyrenees moun tains at the Spanish border, the Mustangs, which combine a long range with speeds up to 425 miles per hour, shot down 11 enemy aircraft and destroyed nine on the ground. A communique Tuesday night reported seven Mustangs missing from the daring operation. The Mustang sweep was one of the largest and longest ever made from British bases and the bag of 20 planes was regarded as indicative of what the powerful new fighters will be able to do when they go into tactical operations supporting the invasion. Until now the Mustangs had been used mainly for long-range bomber escorts. The German radio Tuesday night said "nuisance raiders are over western Germany," an indication that R.

A. A. Mosquitos were attacking. In attacking military targets in the Pas-de-Calais area, which has become one of the most bombed regions of the world in the last three months, the Liberators and their escorting Thunderbolts met no fighter opposition, although the air rocked with anti-aircraft fire. The American heavies have been out 16 days in March in a series of operations which have cost 228 bombers, but which have taxed the enemy with the loss of at least 610 Nazi aircraft and untold bomb damage.

It is conservatively estimated that 16,000 bombing and fighting sorties have been flown over the Pas-de-Calais department and its environs in the past 98 days. Mysterious targets there have been under attack on an average of two out of three days in this period. The raid maintained the round-the-clock bombing pressure on Germany and objectives in occupied France. American Fortresses and Liberators Monday hit targets in southwest Germany, while Monday night R. A.

F. Mosquitos hit western Germany for the eleventh night in a row. Heavy bombers of the R. A. F.

in relatively small forces, also made a precision attack on the National Explosive factory at Angouleme, near Bordeaux, which employs 2,000 per sons. There was no enemy opposition on the whole trip. PLAN REJECTED WASHINGTON, March 21. (JP) The War Production Board decided late Tuesday against coupon rationing of coal to householders for next winter. Submarines Cut Supply Lines in WASHINGTON, March 21.

(JP) American submarines, cutting even deeper into Japanese supply lines In what Secretary Knox called "one of the most important of all Pacific operations," have sunk another 15 enemy merchant ships, the secretary announced Tuesday. "This mode of attack," Knox said, "by and large is one of the most important of all Pacific operations, constantly wearing down Japanese lines of communication, making more and more difficult the enemy's maintenance of supply lines." His words were underscored by announcement at southwest Pacific Allied headquarters of the destruction of 12 more Japanese ships-seven by British submarines and five by American planes which fought a four-day battle with an enemy convoy and finished the job after the ships came in sight of their goal, the beleaguered Wewak stronghold. Further emphasis was added by Knox's own report that the barges to which the Japanese have been March 22. (U.R) The Red army, driving to within 25 miles of the Prut river border of Rumania proper, has cut the last German railroad in northern Bessarabia in a sweep that carried the Russians 19 miles past the Dniester river, Moscow announced Tuesday night. Moscow announced that Marshal Ivan S.

Konev's sec ond Ukrainian army, which forced the Dniester Sunday, had driven the Germans from more than 40 towns inside Bessarabia and cut the rail road running north from Beltsy to Cernauti, on the northern Prut river. By cutting that road, the Russians thus forced the Germans to fall back to Ungeni, 41 miles south of Beltsy, for the last railroad limes with their battered forces spread eastward across the lower Ukraine as far as the Black sea port of Niko-layev. The Germans have a line running from the Odessa-Lwow railroad at a point 35 miles northwest of Odessa and another 103 miles above- Odessa as their only escape routes from the lower Ukraine. Both those lines go into Ungeni from where the Germans must, follow circuitous routes over the Carpathian mountains to supply their shattered forces. Moscow revealed that the Russians across the Dniester at Mogilev-Podolski and won the town of Ataki, a mile to the south.

Southward along the river they captured the town of Kotova, 16 miles southwest of Yampol, and then advanced to cut the railroad at a point 19 miles inside Bessarabia and 25 miles from the Prut river. The railroad was cut when the Russians captured the town of Droila, 25 miles from Rumania apd a. similar distance north of Beltsy The Russians also captured the town of Vysokoe, 15 miles below Mogilev-Podolski and 40 miles from the Prut river. In all of Tuesday's fighting Moscow announced that the Red army (Continued on Page 12, Col. 4) Military.

Bombs Shatter Ice MILES CITY, March 21. -P) Water and bomb-shattered chunks of ice surged down the Yellowstone river here Tuesday night a few moments after a Flying Portress dropped 16 250-pound bombs along a five-mile ice gorge. Editor Lou Grill of the Miles City Daily Star said a cascade of water, dammed by the ice since Monday, had begun to roll down the river relieving the flood conditions which Monday had driven 300 persons from their homes in a north-side residential area. Bombardier of the plane, who dropped his eggs precisely along the Ice-locked channel, said -the bombs penetrated the Ice and released water at the head of the jam. Chunks of ice later began to move down the river.

The plane was ordered out by Second Airforce headquarters at Colorado Springs, following a request for aid by Governor Sam C. Ford. Some 300 persons made homeless by the flood are being cared for in private homes and by the Red Cross in headquarters established In a local school. The aerial bombardment of 250-pound bombs began at 5:45 p. m.

(MWT.) Tuesday night when Fortress officers decided not to walt the appearance of an Army dive-bomber scheduled to arrive here from the Army air base. After a reconnaisance flight the (Continued on Page 12, Col. 4) Marines Land: on Two More Islands Land-Based Planes Now Within Range of Truk ALLIED HEADQUARTERS, Southwest Pacific, Wednesday, March 22. (U.PJ-U. S.

marines seized two islands la the St. Matthias group Monday, completing the Isolation of all Japanese bases In the Bismarck archipelago and putting American land-based planes within bombing ranga of Truk, it was announced today. While marines from bases In tha Solomons splashed ashore on Emi-rau and Elmusao islands only 589 miles from Truk American battleships blasted the doomed Japanese naval and air base at Kavieng, Rev Ireland, to the south, destroying entire sections of the sprawling bas? tion, General Douglas MacArthurs communique reported. Only slight resistance was encountered during the seizure of Emirau and Elmusao, while tha battleships poured 1,000 tons of explosives on Kavieng without loss. "Strong naval and air elements supported the seizure of tha islands," the communique stated.

Some 50,000 Japanese troops hav been reported trying to cling to tha battered bases in the Bismarck archipelago, where American planes and warships have been sinking ships attempting either to reinforce or evacuate them. The battleships came from ths Solomons to bombard Kavieng, which, with RabauL is the last major -Japanese bat in the enttr island area the Japanese took la the flood stage of their drive toward Australia. The battleships roared shells into Kavieng for three and a half hours, the communique reported, causing great fires, destroying entire sections of the town, setting off am munition dumps and silencing shors batteries. The battleships moved probably within about five miles of Kavieng, headquarters spokesman indicated, then poured the. shells In with, devastating precision.

A few shors batteries answered their fire at first but they were quickly silenced (Continued on Page 12, Col. 3) Soldier Gets Over to War Zone 'Bottle-by-Bottle' WASHINGTON, March by bottle, Pvt. W. N. Mori-arty is gradually going overseas.

Moriarty. a paratrooper stationed at Port Benning, Ga, has pined vainly and at length for foreign service, the Red Cross Courier reported. "If I can't go any other way, guess IH make it by bottle" ths magazine quoted him as saying as he made his 13th blood donation. Rumania Bid for Peace Foreseen LONDON, Wednesday, March 23. UP) London morning newspapers published dispatches from Ankara today reporting that Premier Ion Antonescu of Rumania was planning to seek an armistice with Russia shortly because he is convinced Germany has lost the war.

The dispatches said' Antonescn was expected to propose the withdrawal of all Rumanian forces from Russia to positions behind the Prut river and to renounce all claim to Bessarabia and perhaps northern Bucovina. were counters in the welding section and were responsible for recording the amount of welding done by individual workers. For a fee, Vincent continued, these counters would credit the welders. with more work than they actually had done, thus resulting in larger pay checks for the The shipyard, working on government contracts, built 24 major vessels last year principally tankers and cargo ships. It is one of two Bethlehem shipyards in Baltimore.

In Washington, an FBI announcement said that the company "had co-operated to. the fullest extent In the investigation which led the arrests. on Foreign CORDELL HULL quences" of their association in the war with Germany. Clearly the urge to fight for liberty was also directed at the nervous Balkans, where Hitler has occupied Hungary while rumors of peace feelers by Hungary, Ru- Clements Urged to Seek Governor Post Candidacy Endorsed in Resolution by United Mine Workers BILLINGS, March 21. UP The executive board of District No.

27. United Mine Workers of America, passed a resolution at a meeting in Billings Tuesday, asking J. Burke Clements, chairman of the State Industrial Accident board, to become a candidate for governor on the Democratic ticket. The board, according to W. A.

Boyle, district president, who made public the resolution, acted within the authority granted at the Mine workers recent convention, at which the board was asked to study the qualifications of candidates. In urging Clements to become a candidate, the board stated in its resolution that it believed "suit able candidates should be offered for governor by both major political parties," and made particular reference to Clement's handling of compensation cases resulting from the Bearcreek coal mine disaster of a year ago. The resolution says: "That the board having hereto fore observed and investigated the political situation in the state of Montana and the united Mines Workers of America being vitally interested in the state choosing a governor whose past experience and ability assure fair and efficient ad ministration; "And, whereas the United Mine Workers district executive board, believing that suitable candidates should be offered for governor by both major political parties, and the United Mine Workers having special confidence in the ability and fair dealing of J. Burke Clements, chairman of the State Industrial Accident board, and having specific knowledge of his management of said Industrial Accident board with particular reference to the handling of compensation matters growing out of the Bearcreek disaster; "The executive board of District No. 27, United Mine Workers of America, requests the said J.

Burke Clements to become a candidate for governor on the Democratic ticket in the primaries of 1944." Girl Is Born 'Full Grown' RALEIGH, N. March 21; (JP) A 25-pound baby girl was born to Mr. and Mrs. Amon Harris, a Negro couple, at Saint Agnes hospital today. Dr.

Thomas F. Cathcart, the attending physician said. The child was 32 inches long and was born with a full set of teeth, upper and lower, Dr. Cathcart said. The mother and baby were reported in "excellent condition." The parents already have 11 children.

Their home is at Method, N. C. jr 4 1 Statement Remarks Regarded as Call to Arms in Axis-Held Lands WASHINGTON, March 21. (JP) Secretary of State Hull Tuesday night laid down a 17-point program of American foreign policy aimed at a post-war world of international co-operation, and called on all liberty-living peoples to show themselves worthy of freedom by fighting for it. Issued as millions of Allied troops poised lor the coming invasion of Europe, -Hull's remarks about liberty were regarded as a call to the peoples of occupied lands to arise and aid the liberating armies when the time comes.

They appeared designed, too, to reply to criticism that the United States has no clear foreign policy and to clarify some of the questions which have been raised in connection with recent American moves in the diplomatic field. For example, the point on liberty stating that "never did a plainer-duty to fight against its (liberty's) foes devolve upon all peoples who prize liberty and all who aspire to, lt" fits closely with the attitude adopted toward the Finns. Hull has not commented on Finland's rejection of Soviet armistice terms, but he has warned the Finns in the past that they must "bear the conse- German Warplanes Fly Over London LONDON, Wednesday, March 22 (IP) An air raid warning the first here since 17 sounded early today in London. Moments later the anti-aircraft barrage thundered and "raiders overhead" bells rang in some offices. While the Nazi air force had laid off the capital for several nights, the Nazis last struck elsewhere in England Sunday, hitting coastal and Midlands targets.

The raiders drove in, dropping flares as the barrage swelled to a sustained roar. Responsibility Is Placed on Finns Statement Issued on Peace Moves LONDON, March 21. (JP) The Soviet government has placed upon the Finnish government full responsibility for the consequence of Finland's- refusal to accept armistice terms, a statement broadcast by the Moscow radio said Tuesday night. The statement, signed by the information bureau, reviewed briefly the exchange of notes between Finland and Russia, culminating in Finland's rejection of the Soviet terms, and concluded: "By this action it has taken upon itself full responsibility for what will follow." The text of the statement as recorded by the Soviet monitor: "On March 1 the information bureau of the people's commissariat (Continued on Page 12. Col.

4) Deeper Into Jap Pacific Region driven for movement of men and supplies among their island outposts are taking their own beating. "In the last few days we have been destroying barges at the rate of 10 a day," Knox reported. The newest bag of Japanese ships by American submersibles brought to 642 the number of Niponese vessels of all types, Including some warships, 6unk, probably sunk or damaged by submarine action alone. Adding to that the number of ships hit by surface craft and planes, the number of Japanese craft sunk or damaged is over 2,000. Against that total, American submarine losses since the war started are 22, including two lost In accidents in the Atlantic and one destroyed in the Pacific to prevent capture by the Japanese.

Among the 15 enemy ships sunk by American submarines were two tankers a class of ship which the Japanese are badly in need. Also sunk were two transports and 11 freighters which may have been loaded with men and materials. Women in Red Cross Drive Boost Total to $37,019.17 Fifteen Divisions Working in Butte Campaign, With Nine of Them Handing In Partial Reports The women volunteer workers in the annual financial campaign of the Butte chapter of the American Red Cross are having their "inning" this week and helped materially Tuesday in boosting the grand total of the campaign to the sum of $37,019.17, it was reported by A. J. Davis, drive chair man.

There are 15 divisions of women working with the special gifts committee of the campaign and up to last night nine of these had turned in partial reports on the assignments given them at a rally meeting last Thursday night. The six groups still to be heard from are the Butte Credit Women's association, Butte Rotana club, Newcomers club, Business and Professional Women's club, Butte Teachers union and the Butte Miners Union auxiliary. Those Reporting The various women's divisions reporting to date, the lieutenant colonels and the amounts reported follow: Auxiliary P. E. O.

Chapters (Continued on Page 7, Col 2) Committee sources said the most Important provision of the new plan would facilitate court appeals of OPA decisions and would require that the judicial review be conducted in the district where the offender is indicted. Critics of the Office of Price Administration have hit sharply at what they call "kangaroo courts" whereby the OPA conducts hearings of violations and issues orders on the basis of the 'testimony. There are about a dozen major revisions involved in the legislation. Committee counsel now is working on the rough draft. A conference with Price Administrator Chester Bowles will be sought, perhaps next week, before the committee takes a final vote on the proposal.

Measure Would Abolish 'Kangaroo' Courts, Change Policies of OPA Thirty-ihree Shipyard Workers Are Arrested on Fraud Charges WASHINGTON. March 21. A House committee which has been especially critical of OPA Tuesday drew up a revised price control law which members said makes many drastic changes in policy, including the abolition of so-called "kangaroo courts." The legislation was drafted by the group headed by Representative Smith (D-Va.) and assigned determine whether government agencies exceed the authority delegated by Congress. It is in the form of amendments to the current price control law which expires June 30 and may figure considerably in the discussion of efforts to continue the' rationing program for another year, at least. BALTIMORE, March 21.

(IP) -The Federal Bureau of Investigation announced Tuesday the arrest of. 33 shipyard workers accused of falsifying work records to defraud the Bethlehem Steel company's Sparrows Point (Md.) yards and the government of sums which mounted to more than $1,000,000 a year. John W. Vincent, special agent in charge of the Baltimore FBI office, said that the scheme had been in operation at least five years. He said, other arrests would follow.

The arrests of 17 of the per. sons were reported a few hours be fore the additional 18 were taken into custody. The 33, Vincent said, -TL Emergency workers are waiting at Red Cross headquarters to go out and get contributions of Li whom the field workers have failed to contact. Cal I headquarters. Time is short..