The Indianapolis News from Indianapolis, Indiana • Page 5

Wool Wcrking.Shirti.. $1.50 I Shirt? 1 fsci Shir ts 49c. I A lot of JLailics and ChiJ dren's Ur dej wear at less vltharMalf ichf. Ths is a grand oppor tunty to secure genuine jroods at fnuihe reductions. 1 i i 1 'i I i i Lawrlc lioliii All Cloaks lalf price.

Some Uf pductions in al 1 Wool Bi? mark down in, Gent Underwear and Men'i Heavy Cleaning Lawrie Robson 26 an! 28 rw. Washington St. V2 grVe ycU hcn? price? 1 rp I Mi i i iy i i i kr 1 'ffctf a a atfc acnaa us. 111.51. The Boers Over In the 1 Transvaal shot like they h'l been using Trlqulml Vltalatum, They had steady nerves aiil drove center every time.

The busings nun, and fhe lawyer and the public speaker cn do the name thing by taking a of TrlqqimU Vitalatum tguar larjttred). 60 If there Is impure tloodvor stomach other Intestinal trou fcles. Jet them use Trlqulmla Liver Reg ulator; (guaranteed), so cents. For La Grippe The bet treatment In the world is the following: Sufflcleet Trlqulmla Cathartic (guaranteed) 'to pljyaie well, followed a Trlqulnila Paiu 1 Specific Tablet (guarantee J) every three hour. If ther jough ori other luriff trouble, TrV qulmia Ciugh Cure (guaranteed), remaka in n.

a bot ttom. Thl last e. niiai. "This treiCmenf, carefully tol lowed. iU cure la one half the tims, of any other.

tere are indication o( rnalarU, take Trlnuimia. Ague Cure uar anieed.) If the lutiirs are not in olved, the Couh. Cure 1 to be omitted. Theae Keniedies are 13 nt each, except the 1'airt rillc, whlcjt is, BO cents. At aU Fret mtle of the TRIQUIMU REMEDIES caa tekal taci day from 8a.ro.

to 6 P.O. fortbeacxt wetk at Faatzer's Bates House Pharmacy. snsPFEnsv retuhii TELLS THE and, Jut now they are tell log by score wbaftbey thiols oir GREAT SALE t' ci of lajr.n" eitra heavy A'esta. rtfc'uUr'liAj goods, for l. IT 'xc rase ladles' fine combed cotton "Vwn Jo dozen rents' fine tlecellned hair ant Krench rtbbed.

l'ndrrear, teaalar 7ia grades. tormurrow 60c 1 of xtra be.tvy bleached cot tTti, Towehng TuU IS inches wiJe. pt yani 2c ti p.ete extra heaf brown canton Brunei, regular l'X quality, to nmrruw, er 8c iMAGUIRE'S granger; STORE SCUOOLS COLi.ECCUCSIC. IOWE Ml I TA RY HCHOOi; prn t. CVle.

eien(l(te (U 6.., i ni euuer tu. I ir" tl IT JtijV. J. 11. KLVZlt.

1.1 ua, ladlaaa. IT I'AT1 TO E'iI CATK rcit At he ruw tf TH i Indinnr.pcii3 7tJifi "in i iCi nr. or 1 1. l.i EB. I'roprietut.

CURED aai W. U. FrZii if, Dl. Cedar (.. K.

X. VI. PARKS FOR INDIANAPOLIS. THE OFFICIAL REPORT TO THE PARK COMMIIOKH. Re.alt mt, Ifc Harrey By Ola ated.

Olm.ted A El lot Diffef eat Klada Park ra.lbUltiea'la TaU Cllyaarlaaloaa. i The fottoirlnc report has been made to the park commissioners by Olmsted. Olmsted EUott, of Brobkllne. who wer employed to survey the city. wilts a 10 in.

powioic e.iaoiisiiiuein of parks: ('I Mr. E. F.J CTaypooI, Chairman of the Park Vomraiasian, IndisnapoUa. Dear Sir at your request, made a preliminary visit to Indianapolis for Ji purpose of examining (he opportunltl ahjch exist the development of a system of parks, we beg to submit the following prel.trilnary report: The fact that your board only recently been 'appointed, and that the el'y has had heretofore no clearly defined policy with respect to parks, makes It not inappropriate that should call attention to some' genera! consldratlons bear.n. icn the park froblem and on the duties cf board.

Theoretically. complete and satisfactory system of parks for a large city snould Include 41) a central public around, upon or about which may be grouped thj pr.nclpal public and aemi publlc bu.ldmxd; 2 a series of squares or small public grounds so distributed that they may be t'sed freely at all hours and be wlth'n a short walk of every one's home; (3) a series ft local' parks or city parks cf arrea.ier extent, and; having more varied and in teres twig topographical features, which (nay. fee developed Into pleaains, but rather rtrlcte'1 passages of scenery, combined With various artificially decora; ed features and me ans for amuseme.it; Hi one. or, possibly more, large ruril parks, situated on the outsk.rts of the city, and comprising broafl stretches of pastoral or woodland scenery, extending over hundreds of acrs of land, wh.re or may walk for an afternoon or drive for an hour or two, at ieaslt. w.thout hiving to.

go twice same ground; (5) or.e, or possibly more; great public reservations, situate'! at some distance from t.ie city, thousands of aere In extent, whe. most of the ground is left Wild, or encouraged to become where the sense of relief from urban conditions will be complete, and wherfc all may roam at will over the'j'meadotors and through the woods without the restrictions necessary In city, and. even most rural parks; itf) parkways, connecting two or more of the public pleasure grounds or forming agreeable approaches to them, and which biiv be either format or Informal, and combined with irregular (though restricted) stretches of more or less natural soener such as sloping bonks, groves of trees, patches of shrubbery or the banks if r.vers. Kxltnatloa of Terms. As the terra which we have "Xised may not convey to you the ime Idea that they do to us.

it, will be worth while to explain them a lljitle mors fully. The i ordinary public squares of a city are well known that no epeclal definition is necessary. The most usual, s.m piesx. and, 'in most cades, the most economical plan, for such public squares to gtvtde the ground, build cross walks and diagonal walks, plant rows of uvea elopse the walks and have the remaln.nj sirface in nicely kept turf. A low fence with gateways, but no galea, la a great a.d economical and neat maintenance." If expensive luxury of flower beds can be afforded, trees Jin not be permitted whw they would shade them, and it is essential to Rood taste not only that the flower beds should toe systematically and formally laid out and carefully designed In 0e Mlt, but that it he utmost neatness and substantiality oould characterize walks and other constructions, and that the turf should be everywhere per feci, and that the trees be symmetrical and well developed, i If the expense of constructing and maintaining the square in this can not be afforded.

It is In the worst possible taste 'ie attempt any flower gir dening. In case there is a large poor population about a toublic square. It is Important to provide amplo aceomniiodujion for rough and tumblo play, and it. 'Is well in such cases to finiuh a (vortion of the ground with a hard, gravel surface, as it Is poaaible properly lo maintain turf plv ground a. Provision should be made in such places, more often than Is usually the case, for ind courts for very crlldrefl.

sw r.g and other appiratus larger children, nd shelter and tctlet ac The public squares' of a city afford the most appropriate siies fox moat portrait rtatues and pubilo monu ments, and in des en ni ror suca saua'es Jhe object of providing suitable ai.es fow socfl autuea shoibfl be conslanuy kepi ia mini. Sculptured; fountains, with ston ifurbed basins and other deco ittons, are also entirely appropriate, fcut cheap cast Iron founiains are abomlaations, whtcd ought not to bo permitted under any cir CumiUpees. i uttai t'arKs. By the 'term local parks," or "city parks," we designate those comparatively small parks surrounded by or which soon wilt he, bavins' somewhat natural landscape enects, but so smooth and neat as to be obviously the work of mi'i, lucking In perfect seclus'on' from1 city and sounds, and more or less decorated with rtuwi Bedsl fountains, ornamental buildings ami the like, local parks axe usually one hundred acres or more in extent, but may be smaller or larger, th size being less characteristic tan the style in which they are improved an I kept. Loca 1 parks are often more stilt ard smooth aivd ariitlclaKsed than is desirable, owtna chiefly to the lack of up I ireclatlon.

of broad, simple landscape, natural scenery, and native plants on the part of those who design, construct ana care for them. i Jt would be more Interesting and refreshing, by wayn of contrast streets and gardens, if the trees 'plants 1 in parks were less uniform In kind knl appearance, less Ike trees) If the slqpes were more gentle and natural thani is often the. case; If! the ponds h'ad gently sloping shores, more mystery andr ccy of water loving plants, marginal shrubbery and groups of trees; If what purport to be lawns were kept free from stiff beds' of flowers, dropptd here and there without regard to gen.nl landscape effect or gocd aesign of an sort; and if the surrounding houses wera, at: least, partially screened by border pUntatiops of trees and shrubbery. Owing to their s. tuition and restricted slxeon! to the necessity fjr accommodating people In such a way as to reduce the wear upon turf and plantations to' a minimum, the walks and other artificial constru tion' must necessarily be disproportionately large, and otte unduly conspicuous, but acre should be taken, both in the s.gning and in the grad.ng anl planting tot render all artificial constructions 34 subonflnate as possible to the general tf.

fe "of must be scknowledxred that most Deo pl; reort 10 local parks for more active mrU positive sorts of amusement than tie enjoyment of natural scenery, and that suitable artificial provisions have la be taade for such amusements, so that the general aspect of local parka ts Inevitably lefs broad, simple and natural than oW lyiag rural parka, or this reason. It rot inappropriate that, the plantation in local parks should include many aorta cf tiees and shrub which are not oca, and that morte attention should be pail to striking effects in foliage and flowers ti.ah ia proper In rural parks. It Is al) Ucaortant, ttr the same reason, that a Ui. neater method of care uklng shoull be i pursued than la necessary. or altogether appropriate, in the case of large.

rvual that Is to sty. any shabbl nJ'. wedincri or uneveness of the turf surfaces, any of fallen Jeaves, or axrumulatlon 'of pn ponds, fromej, by lecayin; vegetable matter, should be nl rhort, local parks may, psr. f.pa, be destf 'HnUoat gardr. td i.sticguisli thn frem lormal fjrVas or formal publio seu.rvs, on nvlan, and'rom rural park, with but pyi.

denee the gardeur'a ar, (he ettuif hand. Rsfal Parka." What we ealT ''waI parkf'are almo( rec5ssarily much larirfr than loeal parks. Their essential q'Uy consists in tk n.arVHl predominanw of natural scenery, rtirality and and tha rUtlve or the artlflcrti future nece.ry ffr comfort and coo vnirtm and tb'r stct ubordlntlon tKe innd are. The priiwe in thooi. sites and i.UflHinn arks brea.jth and sclJion.

ni ntft wit.t in fornnlity ft tte Hrl au4 Bnr lrn vT th elty. Erery tltjrt utiould be mi secure as perfect aerlq.Um a ii1j from the siV and sounti ur fhg c.iy. shile brinclng 13 park a clo in fie citv a iratichle. Thos who have trae'O In Kngianl. and have ei suj e.f as Windsor J'ark.

Tnoeh5? I jrW BtanclelKh Abty, anl ether "tl and appreciated their simp HI i TIJE INDIANAPOLIS" NEWS, TnURSP AT. JANUARY 9. 1890. 5 iltv vnllln lurf liiridl with broad apreading and bee'hes and elms irregularly and openly dispersed. Will have seen one of the finest Ideals for a municipal ruril park.

Nearer home we have the oldest parts Of Druid 11:11 Park at Baltimore, the snatn central meadow of Park, In Brooklyn, tne meadow in Washington Park. Chicago, us tyies of the sort of pastoral scenery which Is beet adapted for the enjoyment of. large numbers of people. Woo lland scenery, though very enjayable kept in a wild, natunl state, la but poorly adapted to the use of large numbers of people when they are allowed to picnic or stroll about on It at wilt, became, owing to the deep shade. It Is Impossible to maintain turf or oilier verdure on the surface, of the ground, and if frequently trodden upon, the ground becomes desolate, disorderly and disagreeable to the eye, and the trees almost Inevitably die gradually from the trampling of the earth Into a hard, pavement liae surf ice which shed nearly all rain and excludes the air from the soil which la necessary for thei healthy growth of the roots.

Picnic grove must, therefor, be open enough to permit the grass to grow, and even then their use must be care folly regulated 'and restricted. Water, either In. ponds or; rivers add greatly to the Interest of the landscape, and affords desirable opportunities fr amusement. It Is. therefore.

Important to choose the site for a rural park where an ample supply of waier is available. idavtatloi of De.lata. JtMa worth noting that very nearly all landscape or" those who executed works of landscape gardening, both In thlaj country and abroad (If one muy, safely judge by their work) have given comparatively little thought to the adaptation of the design to the natural aoenery.i Their works Indicate that they were ulrpost entirely occupied in creating a series of rather artificial, little effects and In aa many interesting and beautiful objects as mean of amusement as the spsec and pecuniary considerations would allow, with apparently no Idea of subordinating all sucli things to a controlling, comprehensive and 'harmonious general design, in which natural and cape isthe essential characteristtc. nead say little as to the largest pub Ilo grounds which, we have referred to "public reservations," since tt Is not likelv thai your city can afford to secure aun a reservation at present. Such reservations cover thousands of acres, and include ranges of hills and otner natural landscape features of considerable extent.

The. prira ipil object In preserving large area of natural scenery for the enjoyment of 'the public Is to secure. In a greater Vree than Is possible in the ordinary, municipal rural park. opportunities for natural scenery of a wilder, and sophisticated character than Ooiatd "be maintained in less extensive, public grounds, and for roaming at wilt through, woods and over hills and. Parkways.

The subject of parkway Is. perh aps, of more treat Interest than that of parks' to a large number of people who are looking for enhanced value in real es. tate. as well as for opportunities for filea.su re driving and for agreeable bulking sites. As a parkway affords, almost Invariably, continuous, double frsntages as valuable for building sites, and in all respects as well adapted toj the purpose aa any public street, a simitar mjthoj assessing the cost of tn limnrovement upon adjoining property owrier oujrht to be pursued rather than to pay the while cost out of the general tax levy.

There should be a reasonable limit to. such an Msetsmest, which may. roughly speak ing. be considered to be so much of the cost as will correspond with the cost cf an venue, from 100 to 203 feet wide. Beyond this limit it is proper that the cost should be paid partly by assessment of property within a quarter of a mile or more, which may be assumed to be benefited In the same manner as It would be by the laying out of a public square or local park, and partly by being charged to the general tax levy a expressing the benefit which a parnwayi broader than any avenue would to the city ad a whole as a pleasure drive knd landscape feature of Interest to all.

tl I such a parkway can be laid out so a to Include the banks of a river, creek or brook which serves as a norm outlet, large expeiie for. walla and, possibly, covered channel, can, often be saved the city by preserving the waterway, as sufficient Space can be secured to permit' the banks adjoining, to be sloped off gently and preserved from damige by floods' by means' of turf or close growths of bushea. The Muddy rlvr Improvement of Beaton is an ex ample cf this sort of parkway. This principle cf preserving the streams in parkways has been carefully trorkM out for one of our large suburban town by its city engineer, who orOves that, frcm an engineering point of view alone. It will pay to preserve all the prlncioil streams in parkway rather than to miko walled drtches channels for thdm from tlm to time.

It is also to be noted that In laying out a parkway along a r.ver'or watercourse, it Is often po.ble to widen out the boundaries to such an extent a to provide valuable local pleasure grounds, which are not only worth more from being thus made partof a coa tinuou parkway, but uuuliythu coat let, both for land and Improvement than if separate from the parkway. ladlaaapolla Park. Not having been provided aa yet with detailed toooarauhical aurvev n.i ir Csome of the land owners should get the muucuuo iuv iui to carry out our suggestions, the acquirement of a part or the whole of. their lands might a matter of necessity, so that tbey woul. be likely to obtain larger payments for their lands than If your commission felt free to hiv out parks elsewhere, we deem it advisable at this time to specify in detail the exact sites and approximate boundaries of sccir parks and parkways aa would seem to us to be moat desirable from topographical and limlscape considerations.

The central public ground of the city was fortunately provided for Indianapolis in the original It In been made impressive by a large and dignlftej monu. ment. All that need be said, therefor, 11 tr.atjttne buildings facing on this central handsomest and most monumental in the piiblia ground, ought. If possible to be th Jls for the other part of the city, there seem to be a decided lack of open and small recreatlou grouods. This deficiency should be remaKed gradually; first by taking and improving squares in the outer, growing part of the ihJ? Ud'1 or.

but little bull upon. As the Icity growVin aI' rormeii In Its more densely otupled parts, especUlly where buildings of a poor character eit. Philadelphia, possesses fifty such public squares twenty two of which have been acquired within the past five yearsTln several caoes ground hit been taken that had numerous buildings upon It. As publio square are especially benencial i to $23 ln tbair'lmmodUie neUjhbor hood, their first cost, in most case; can. with Justice, be a spaaed upon the ad joining property.

Where. squares, are laid but In districts already PopuUtedfthe expense ts so gVa taaatio? through general taxation. The, Increased cost In suh rhap be regarded as fine InPvidnce of the cltlsens In not hartrg secured the'square before became so expensive 1 Indianapolis already possesses in the ahlch have called "local This park possesses admirable natural features la the way of pleasantly rolling a grove of well grown trees and a brook, affording amui. water nmnlv roentaj pond. This park is being improved; in perhaps.

unntniessarUy formal manner, but In general will well serve Its Intended purpose, your board will undoubtedly need to provide two ot three additional local parka In other sections of the city. It may not be possible, for financial reasons, to secure them all at ouca, aa would otherwise be dealrable; If the best pollry woul4 be to secure those first which will form a part of continuous system of pleasure ground and parkway along a river, rather than to take Isolated pieces of land. It wlir be practicable lA this ease to postpone the expense of much of the Improvements which would be necessary for Isolated parks, since they will be rendered accessible and their scenery would be. for the most part, enjoyable from the parkway drives and walks, which may be provided largely at the expense of adjoining property owners. As to a Urge rural park, the same policy would apply; that Is to say, the parkway should be extended to the outskirts of the city, where land la little built upon and where tilt conditions are favorable for a large rural park, leaving the park to be sei urvd from Mm.

to t(me as funds become available and a the land owner are fuun.f willing Li sell at reasonable priuts. 1 Sometimes it has happened tn other cities, wb.r the financial ability of tbq km if to acquire a large park has been well, knows; to be 'restricted, that land owners have given considerable tract of land outright, orihave sold them at extremely low price, 'either from the desire to be public benefactors oc for the sake of the hi crea.ed value which their remaining land mlfht be expected to acquire ln uonse quence of the laying, out of. a park ad Jyinlng It. The Rlvef Pur Way. At tin v.

before stated, ewnen of rea) are Uatly to rake more immediate sM a. tiff intrevt tn the proponed rivet i.tkaay than la aJmot any other equal? f(u. of tb. park system. Fortunately, come to the cniricrtlun of thiarticular part of the trutUra so tirely free from any btas or predilection ln favor of one route over another, looking at the city as a It Is obvious that the very considerable cost of auch a parkway can best be borne" by the property owners on the northerly edges of the thlckly bullt up portions of the city.

There has been of late apparently more building and of a more expensive character In this istrict than ln any other. From the standpoint of municipal finances, therefore. It would be more profitable or less burdensome to form a handsome parkway along Pall creek, which would lead, for the present, to the State Fair grounds; and which could, ln time, be extended up the creek to a large rural park, to be located as might be found Practicable and as above suggested. We elleve it would be worth all tt would cost to extend this parkway down Fall creek from Michigan road to White river and along White river to a point as near Washington street bridge as might be found practicable, from which point It ahould be made to connect with one or more of the broad streets north of Military Park. Hefore suitable boundaries can be determined for this parkway, it will be necessary to have the detailed topographical survey, above referred to.

Careful, engineering observations aad calculations will have to be made as to the amount of water which must be provided for In time of floods ln Fall creek, and as to how low it will be necessary to keep the surface of the water In time of flood to prevent damage to private property by the setting back of water Into the drains from adjoining properties, or the closing of these drains. Some other engineering questions are as to the summer, or minimum, flow of water; as to The sanitary Improvement of the bed of the river; as to securing a sufficient depth of water, both for appearance sake and possibly for boaUng: aa to the proper span And hlght of bridges: as to lowering the bed of the river under bridge to Increase their capacity to pass floods; as to what portions of the banks will have to be protected from erosion, and as to i the cost and feasibility of various forms of shore protection. All these questions Should be examined Into and reported upon by your engineer. In conclusion, w. may say that the best, and indeed almost the only, park sites worth considering are those Including some portion of the rivers or runs which pass through or close to the city, and that it is high time that desirable and conveniently 'situated lands for parks and playgrounds should be secured.

Yours truly. QLMSTED. OLMSTED ELIOT. ENGLAND hND. VENEZUELA.

Why I Sot the Facta Made Kbotts Xew Tork Sun It is manifest that, had the facts beefi made known betimes to the British people. they could not have been guljei with tatit about ia "Schomburgk neither woull any section of the Liberal party, as It wag ccnstlcued in 1885. before the schism on the Irish question, have sustained Lord Salisbury in stiffly refusing at the risk cf war an arbitration which a Liberal mi i lster had deemed it right to accept. Why were not these facta made known betimes? If we may. trust the report cabled to us on Saturday from London, certain permanent officials In the foreign office are likely to lose their places for failing to Include in the brief laid before Lord Salisbury the significant correspondence between Aberdeen and Fortique.

Unquestionably, thaae underlings deserve to be elected from their pests. If, either through Ignorance cr at purpose, they have been guilTr of suppressing material truths. But are they to be the only scapegoats? The British government maintains an expensive embassy at Washington, and during ihj lest aix months three London newspapers, the Telegraph, the Daily New and the Times, have been paying New York correspondents to ca.bie facis of interest and importance to the Br lush public. Wky was It needful for the Londan Chronicle to send to this country a spec'! ctimmlss.cner to discharge funcLons whijh the resident diplomatic and press agen a had been hired to perform? And wiial do such well intentionei London as the Times, the Daily News and.rh Telegraph now think of the.r agents ln this to.rn, seem to have been oo busy reading the two derided newspapers edited in New. York by aliens, to com muxcat to the employers a document of euch capacious Import as Lord Granv.lle'a note to Uuaman Blanco? I Sir.

Xormaa's Revelntloa. 'Cew York Tribune (FU p.i. The revelations which Mr. Norman la. making from his vantage ground at Washington should lead the British, and especially British ministers, to reconsider their first hasty judgment In' the Venezuela cake.

They should be able to see now that', whether or not their case js at strong as they supposed, the American case Is miich stronger than they Imagined, and is worthy of more courteous and considerate treatment4 than they were at first disposed to give it. They should be convinced; by the testimony of their own ministers and the Investigations of their own correspondents, that the American demand for arbitration of the whole case was not extortionate, but was founded in reason and Justice, and that In refusing It the British government belled Its own record. Surely, they will not deliberately elect to persist in an act of sel' stultlflca t'on. Now, momentous and ominous as the present situation Is for Great Britain. It also offers such an opportunity for advantage as comes to a nation but once in a century.

A' frank recognition by the British government of the facts developed by Mr. Norman at Washington, and diplomatic action ln accordance therewith, would In a moment reduce this whole Venezuelan dispute to the level of a simple and perfectly friendly business negotiation. It would disarm all hostile criticism and restore between Great Britain and America those friendly and sympathetic relations which formerly existed, and which ere, disturbed only by a decision of the British government, which on of the best Informed of British authorities now declares to have been unjustifiable and unwarranted. Dealal Hrltlah Clalsas. 81.

Louis Globe Democrat The Idea seems to prevail In certain quarters that the appointment of' the Venezuelan commlslon commits our Government to a practical denial of the justice) of Great Britain's claims In the case. This la a grave mistake, and One that needs to be promptly corrected. There Is pothuig ln the appointment of the commission which can be held to favor or prejudice either side of the matter aa between Great Britain and Vene auela. The Investigation is to cover the whole subject In an Independent and Impartial way. for the purpose of ascertaining the exact facts.

It la not to be assumed that' the decision will be against the claims of Great, Britain. That remains to be seen, and will depend upon the information to. be obtained by thrf commission, In the event of such a decision, the appeal for arbitration will be repeated In a friendly spirit, and then, if if shall b. again denied, a new situation will, be presented Involving new kind of obligation. Our Government can never consent to the theory that a European nation has the right to curtail the territory of a weaker nation an the western hemisphere without arbitration and by reaon of superior military power, Salisbury VlUrasanIf.

Jtw York Recorder The immediate effect of the Emperor WUUam'a action upon the boundary! Question Is seen tn the pro pouneement of the Piturday lieview, Which advises Lord Salisbury to at once make concessions to the United States. That ultra Tory organ, which tn ordinary times would not advise the yielding of an Inch to this country's claims for Justice, quotes, from a recent editorial In the New York Sun, the opinion that "England had better eat crow at home than eat dirt abroad." and indorses it 1n these words: "In view of our enemies on the Continent. Lord Salisbury must yield (to the United 8tatesl. It is better to eat a deal of home crow than any foreign dirt." Salisbury's aubmission in Venezuela is paly a question of time and His pnly problem ia how tq yield with the best i 11 lightst pf U' in teaveninfj H3VtsV THE TRANSYAAL REPUBLIC THE REVOLT OF THE SETTLER AGAI9T THE IIOKRs. What the "lltlaadrra" Have Dose For the t'oaatry aad How They Are Treated A Sketch of tb Boer Pre.

Ideal. New Tork Tribune. The cause of the trouble the South African Republic, or the Transvaal, as It Is commonly, called, is set 'forth, In the marvelous growth of Johannesburg and of the district around It. It I the antagonism' of the Boers, the ruling class, agalnat the progress and against the foreigners who are thus transforming the country, and the antagonism of the new settlers against the ignorant and ob stlnant oligarchy that would keep the country ln serni barbarismi There la In this latter no question of race, or of form of government, or of national proprietorship. The settlers have nothing agaloit the Boers.

They do not want to overthrow the republic. They have no desire to reannex It to the British empire. They simply wai.t such Just and reason able treatment as will permit them to live peace ami prosperity, and will assure to them the protection and benefits of the government they are taxed to support As most of these settlers, or Vulllandera," a the Boers call them, are English, they, naturally look to Great Britain for sympathy and moral support, which, of course, they' are sure to get. Indeed, many Englishmen, auch as the leadloa spirits of the British South Africa Company, "will be Inclined to give them much more and to intervene forcibly In their behalf. That la what Dr.

Jameson was reported to be doing. It roust, be borne in mind that without British protection there would probably have been no such thing to day as the South African Republic. Under Boer management affair of that country went steadily from bad to worse, until, twenty years ago, its government was bankrupt and on the verge of dtssolutia.t. It was perfectly evident that without some foreign aJ it would go to ruin alto gether and rehipse Into barbarism. I The Prog re.

alve Element I The progressive element of the people; therefore, asked the British government to take It under Us protection. To this appeal Great Britain, of course, promptly tesponded. There is no heed of inquiring Into her motives. Let it be granted that they' wereby no means disinterest d. Nevertheless, she did good work.

She tcok charge of the Transvaal, restored order, put finances Into a sound condition, and started the country on the high road to prosperity. But a majority of the Boers were from the first opposed to the British occupation. They would have preferred to mrn their country over to Germany, or to the slave trading Portuguese, or tvtri 10 abandon It to' the savages. So, after two" or three years of British rule, they rebelled. They objected to being taxed for the support of their own government and the Improvement and welfare of their own country.

There was a short war. very badly managed on the part of the British, which amounted, in fact, to mere series of massacres, and then Mr. Gladstone decided to let the Boers have their way. He allowed them to seced from the British empire and to set up their own Independent government. merely reserving for Great Britain a sort of suteralnty over the fortlgn affairs of the republic.

Since then the Boers have shown on every possible occasion the utmost conceivable hatred of the Brttlsn. At the san time, realizing that without foreign enterprise, and foreign property owners to tax, they would soon get Into as bad a plight as ever, they opened their country to set'lement and Invited the world to come in and occupy the land. The invitation was promptly accepted by men of every nation. Many American went thither, and French and Germans. Naturully.

however, on account or the close, proximity of the British colon.es at the Cape, the great majority of Immigrants were English and Scotch. The climate of the Transvaal was known to be pleasant and salubrious and the soil rich In minerals. There was. therefore, soon a steady procession of mining prospectors pouring In. Englishmen, wltii English monejr English enterprise swarmed into the country by thousand.

They dug mine and built mills. Cities sprang up in the wilderness as If by magic. Markets were created and supplied. The Boers, who had been living a wretched hand to mouth existence, found themselves able to sell their cattle and crops, and their land also, at fabulous prices. The government, which had been in a state of chronic tmpeounlosity, was soon able by heavily taxing the foreigners to fill Its treasury to overflowing.

To day the country 1 more prosperous than ever before In Its history, thanks entirely to these foreign settler. Conditio of the Settlers. In the meantime, these "uiilandenl" tilille thy hreynaking the prosperity of the country, are orrpelkd to remai.i aliens', and, 'to have no share In' the government they are taxed to support or In the law to which they are subject. They r.ow form the great majority of the population. They pay! nine tenths of tho toxs.

It la their enterprise and capital that have developed the enormous mineral wealth of ihe' country and made the name of Soith Africa synonymous with almost Inestimable riches Yet they ha.e to lcok on helplessly while the revenuo they provide la divided up among the Improvident, Boers. They have no vote. They live practically under martial law. They, have no police protection. So schools are provided, for their childrw.t.

Tbeir social standing Is regarded by the Boers as no better than that of the black Kaftir. The President of the republic, IrtHed, habitually speaks of them aa "hi white and has even addressed an audience of intelligent and honorable Englishmen ks "rogues, thieves, liars and n.i rdcrers." More than that, the sett.or are not even allowed to hold meetings to discuss their grlevancea or to provlJo for mutual aid. A law recently adopted empowers the police to disperse any meeting at which Ave or more persons are assembled, whether In a private house or In a public place, and dlperee it by force of arms. Aa to the franchise. It may truly be aald that the settlers have no vote and are to have none for many yeara to come.

Originally five year' residence waa required to a foreigner to be a voter. Then the tlm waa raised to ten years, and then to fifteen. Last year it was gain raised; to twenty years, and even the children who are born to settlers while living in the Transvaal were declared to be aliens and excluded from the fights of citizenship. The penalty for any settler attempting to take part in gn election ts a' heavy fine and a 'long term of Imorlsonment. The result of this system la that tn Johannesburg, the largest and most Important city In the country, while there la a population of Co 000 four flftha of which Is English or American, there are only J00 voters, andflhese are nearly al of the lowest Usa Boers, who hay come into the town to work a common laborers.

The city ha only one representative in the Legislature, and 1 In all respects treated aa though It were merely a settlement of 900 Boers. Its great population. and enormous wealth are utterly Ignored, excepting by the assessor and tax collector. The city ia not even allowed to have a municipal gov ernment. Dutch Is the only official language, and all citizens.wbo have any business with government officers are compelled to Use It.

Even the names of the streets are put up at the atreet cornefs'tn Dutch, and yet there are nqt a thousand persons, all told, among the whole bu.0uu tq whom Dutch waa the native tongue, folic MlsssaaagftmeBL The one particular grievaace' 'of the t'ultlanders" which, most, of aU brought on Power. Latest S. Gov't Report rv rt rt i fynm Tiro the present crisis ts the management of the police department. In a new and growing country like the mining reglona of the Transvaal an efficient police la one of the most necessary festures of government. About a year ago a Mr.

Esselen in made State Attorney, with supreme charge vof the police. At that time the condition of Johannesburg as to police arrangement was so deplorable that the citizen, after repeated and Ineffectual protests and appeals to the government, were considering the necessity of providing for their own prottctlon by theJ establi. bment of vigilance committees and an organized police, paid for by private subscription. Mr. Esselen.

however; was more amenable to reason than the other numbers of the government at Pretoria. He. therefore, at once endeavored to give the city some relief. Seeing that there was not one Boer tn the whole countrv who was fit to or ganise gnd manage a municipal police force, eriirei tn. serv ce oi ahuitw fully competent officer from the.

ape colony. The work alone b.y Mr. Trimble during the year has been thoroughly admirable. It has given" entire satisfaction to the people of Johannesburg, and. indeed, to all cdhcierned.

It was Mr. Ellen's desire to I retain him nermanently at the head of! the department. But to this the! other members of the government otwl jected. on the ground that ir. trimme was not a citizen, and.

tnerefore. could not be permanently employed In the service of the state. Mr. iTrimble expressed hi readlnei to take the oath of allegiance and become a citizen, and Mr. Esselen pointed out that there waa not a Boer citizen In the whole republic who waa competent to tike Mr, Trimble's place.

All was in vain. President Kru ger andi his associates Insisted upon the dismissal of Mr. Trimble. Thereupon Mr. Esselen i resigned AU the more capable officials Sof his department also resigned.

And thiis, a few week ago, Johannesburg and of her populous towns were reduced tp the alternative of protecting themselves by vigilance committees or by llving ln! atate In which no public street might be safely traversed after dark. Mr. Esselen ha since, declared that he will newer again take office under the Transvaal government unless such alterations are made In the constitution as will define the powers of the various departments and establish a reasonable sys tem of franchise and representation fori the whole country. The MInlasr Indaatry. Considering the enormous extension oTj the mining Industry In the Transvaal andM Its incalculable profits to the republic, one would certainly suppose the government would treat It with some consideration.

It furnisihes nine tenths of the public revenue, anl whereas before the gold mines were opened "the government was practically bankrupt and locaj currency was almost worthless, the treasury now has a surplus o( more than S5.0u0.0OU a year. There lsi a government department of mines, with Christian Joubert at its head; a gentleman, by the way. who aspires to be the nxt President of the republic, and who ha sj shown some inclination to treat the settlers fairly. He has not been able, to tree the miners from the effects of tioer Ignorance and crass obstinacy. There Is a code of mining laws drawn up for the protection of life and property, and fought for by tie mining population.

It Is administered by a certain number of mining inspectors appointed by the The government requires that all these! inspectors shall be citizens of the republic and shall, of course, speak Dutch, "they must also be members of the Dutch chbrch. Now mining Is an Industry which tert years ago was wholly unknown in the Tt ansvaal. It is not surprising, therefore that the Boers should know nothing about It. In fact, the only experts In the country are foreigners, most of them beliig Scotch or American. But (these are ir.at allowed to fill the places of mining inspector, ine evil results ot me system muy be Imagined.

Of the five office of mining Inspectors In the country, only two are filled at all. and they are filled by utterly Incompetent men. The mining laws are. therefoce, practically Ignored, except "as they are voluntarily observed or ar. enforced by vigilance committees appointed by the miners without government authority.

Xo Srhoola For Forrlarners. Another great grievance Is found In the Department of Education. Here, too, the settlers had to take matters Into the own 1 hands, and to provide out of their own pockets for nchools for their chlldrtn, ih addition to the heavy school tax which) they already pay to the Boer government. Ther are In the Rand dis trict at least ten thousand Kngllsh speak lng children, tor whose tuition througn any but Dutch medium no nrqvlsion 1 made by tn government, uurcn is ins only recognized medium of education, and In the' public school English Is not taught, or taught at all. only to a slight extent, as a lornitn gllsh population some time ago proposed tn establish English schools at private ex pense.

This was denounced by the gov ernment as utile less man open icuruiun, ami It was i actually proposed to suppress V. 1....11.. An .1 .4 SUCn SCnOJJS luice. riiiitj, vi, tior that Dutch should be taught In these1 voluntary wnuois as cn r.i glsh the Boers graciously consented to let them axtst. They receive, however, no financial assistance whatever from the govcrnracntj nor are the settltr who sup port tnem apu wnuae i nimicu ucated ln them.

laAhe least exempted from fnr thu niDDort of Dutch schools. still another noteworthy example ot nnnr.iinn ru furnished and. In leed. still la furnUhed hy the system of "commandeering." "commande is a military expedition sent out against the negroes, its purpose may oe io reinn au a to subdue a i hostile tribe, or more prb attack wnntnnlv some tribe and rob tt of It cattle and land or even to capture a lot of Its members for slaves for slivery Is by no means abolished ln the Transvaal, and there Is noth ing the typical iloer loves netter man to "wallop a nigger." These expeditions are. of course organized and directed by Boers.

But since thei English and other foreign settler are mere active and better fighters, the Boers have got Into the habit of Impressing them Into the ranks to bear the danger and do the real work, while they the Boers get the gain. That 1 to liv, the "uitianders" are xorceu to renar military service, at their own expense, without pay, for a Government In which they have no lot or Interest, They are literally drafted into the service of an alien power. About a month ago the foreign settlers, through Lionel Phillips, who acted as tt.eir xpikesman, made a formal statement af their grievances to the Boer government, and a serious request fpr relief. Their demand required nothing more than honest and efficient administration, end a fair share In; the government. (Nothing less than this, Intimated, would satisfy them, and they added a atrong hint that th.y would sooner or later Insist upon their petition being granted How this was received by President.

Kruger and his colleague may be Imagined from the fact that a year or tavo ago a similar petition, actually signed by 13.000 adult mile eettlers. Was literally spit upon aad trampled under foot amid the laughter. Jeers and Insults of the assembled members of the governments "Ooisa Pa.I.w Although the Transvaal la In name a republic. It la really governed by a despotic oligarchy. Indeed, It might lae said to be FOR CURES SCROFULA, BLOOD POISON.

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He is a robust old man of something more than seventy year. In early life he was physically the strongest man In the whole Transvaal, and he la even now by no means decrepit. He has a. long, narrow head, with small, cunning eyes deeply set under" furrowed brows, a large and rather coarse nose and mouth, and a straggling beard. There is tittle of the phlegmatic Dutchman in hi manner in conversation, on the contrary he is voluble, excitable and given to a profusion of gestures, ln religion he Is "Dapper," that is, a member of the most conservative and bigoted sect among the He used to be a great fighter and leader of raids against the natlre.

When "he was a mere lad he distinguished himself ln a campaign against the A Beer expedition on the upper waters of the Vaal river received tidings at the close of a day's fighting that a Zulu lmpT was advancing to attack them. The Boers, all excepting young Kruger, refused to believe It. and lay down to sleep, but Kruger believed the news, determined to keep a watch all night, and persuaded. one comrade to ait up with hlru. Hilling on wagons on opposite sides of the camp, their rifles In their hands, watched all night.

At length, just before daybreak. Kruger's keen ear sound of approaching He had just time to grive the alarm when a thousand or more Zulus charged full upon the camp. There was a struggle, but the Boers were at last successful and the Zulus were repulsed. But had 'it not been, for Kruger's watchfulness there ts little doubt that every one of the Boers would have been slaughtered. Kruger bears upon his body many scars of bt 'iets and spearhead.

Hi left hand in. minus a thumb, which "he lost many years ago. He was out hunting, when th gun burst and terribly mangled ni tl irtb. was afraid lockjaw would set In, and so his comrades to amputate the" member. One of them tried to do so, but hi hearcfailed iaira, and he grve It up.

Thereupon Kruger seized a krile with his other hand and himself cut I off the' mangled The very small scar now remaining shows how good a job he made of it. He had several times visited England on missions for hi countrymen. He first, went Wearing the broad felt hat, the short jacket and thee of untanned leather which form the usi al costume of a "Dopper" Boer. But on his return home his astonished friend beheld him clad ln a hish slik hat. a long, black frock coat and polished boots.

He toid them that England was a good enough coi ntry. and contained some) tine houses, but all the land seemed to belong to some one. Even outside of London you could not sit down under a tree to smoke a pipe without having some, one coma up an say the land was' his. and ask what you wire dong there. Kruger has stuhbornly rtft sed to learn a word of English, aid there ts no man tn the whole republic who regatds Englishmen with more 1 hatred and contempt than he doe.

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