The Times and Democrat from Orangeburg, South Carolina • 28

TIMES AND DEMOCRAT. Orangeburg. Sunday. September 19. 1982 Page 8c, THE 18th Century S.C.

women were seen not heard most of the time Sunday's pattern Astro Jf graph Tfr By Bernice Bede Oso I Fascinating Textures! It the wives of some of the wealthier Carolinians enjoyed release from some housewifely responsibilities and survived childbirth, there was nothing to look forward to. In a man's world, women were to be seen, not heard; they were ornaments, mere beautiful objects whose counsel was seldom sought and never listened to. It the wives of some of the wealthier Carolinians enjoyed release from some housewifely responsibilities and survived childbirth, there was nothing to look forward to. In a man's world, women were to be seen, not heard; they were ornaments, mere beautiful objects whose counsel was seldom sought and never listened to. This physically burdensome and mentally vapid existence was borne without complaint by many colonial ladies such as Eleanor Laurens, Jane Pringle and even Elizabeth Timothy.

But some were not so quiescent. In 1734, a young woman, whose initials were E.R., wrote a poem entitled "The Ladies Complaint" which was printed in the Gazette and concluded with the following militant stanza. Then equal laws let Custom find And neither Sex oppress; More freedom give to Womankind, Or to Mankind give less. To be as dainty and decorative as the Dresden figurines which adorned her mantelpiece and to be just as silent. This was a woman's place.

She might learn to read and write, but she was not to think and speak. Occasionally, women could overcome the barriers and partially enter the man's world, but they were few in number. From the several poems and letters in the Gazette, it is evident that some 18th century females desired to be more than a figure on a shelf. But it was not possible. The customs of the times dictated the place of the woman.

In a poem, "The Answer," an 18th century Charleston male said it very succinctly: The man's to labour, toil and sweat, And all his care employ, Honour or wealth, or power to get; 'Tis Woman's to enjoy How happy is a woman's fate Free from Care, free from woe Secure of man in every state Her Guardian-God below! This is the second part of a two-part series entitled "Women in the 18th Century: Life in a Man's World" written by Dr. Walter P. Edgar, history professor and director of the Institute for Southern Studies at the University of South Carolina. Life in 18th century South Carolina was uncertain at best for both men and women. In any number of cases, if the husband died, then the wife continued the business in her own right.

But for the most part, these businesses were those that a woman might conduct if single, nuch as teaching music, sewing or art, or tavern keeping. But there is a singular example of a wife's taking her husband's place in what hardly could be called a typical female occupation. Elizabeth Timothy, wife of Huguenot Lewis Timothy, was a native of Holland. The Timothys were married in Holland where Lewis had fled from France to escape religious persecution. They emigrated to Pennsylvania in 1731 where Lewis was a teacher, editor of Benjamin Franklin's "Pennsylvania Zeitung, the first German language newspaper in America, and the librarian of the Philadelphia Library Society.

In 1733, Franklin, who owned controlling interest in the "South Carolina Gazette," sent Timothy to Charleston to assume the editorship of the newspaper in the place of Timothy Whit-marsh, deceased. The printer sailed from Philadelphia late in the fall of 1733, "leaving his wife behind for several months to settle the family accounts Elizabeth joined her husband after the first of the year. All went well with the Timothys until December 1738, when Lewis Timothy died. Five davs after his funeral, the Gazette appeared as regularly scheduled on Jan. 4, 1739, with the following announce ment: "Whereas the late printer 469-FANCY FLUTED EFFECT of petals adds intriguing texture an afghan that will be your pride and joy.

Crochet 8-in. squares of synthetic knitting worsted in two colors, then Easy-to-follow d'rections of this Gazette hath been deprived of his life by an unhappy accident, I take this opportunity of informing the Public that I shall continue the said paper as usual; and hope by the assistance of my friends, to make it as entertaining and correct as may be reasonably expect. Wherefore I flatter myself that all those persons, who, by subscription or otherwise, assisted my late husband in the prosecution of the said undertaking, will be kindly pleased to continue their favors and good offices to his poor afflicted widow and six small children and another hourly expected." Signed Elizabeth Timothy. Elizabeth Timothy was so successful in managing the enterprise that in the space of one year she was able to purchase Franklin's interest in the printing house and establish her eldest son as the publisher of the Gazette and raise a family at the same time. Despite the fact that Elizabeth Timothy managed the newspaper and printing enterprise and otherwise played a man's role in Carolina society, she very modestly refrained from associating her name with that of tl Gazette it was her son's name that appeared as publisher.

420-BUBBLES BRIM UP all over this fashionable pull. Costs so little to crochet of synthetic worsted, costs so much to buy. Wear it with pants or skirts now and all year. Directions for Misses Sizes 8-10; 12-14 included Send $2.25 for each pattern. Add to join.

for and handling. Send to: i Laura Wheeler Needlecraft Dept. KlTld tSSA New York, NY 10113. Print Pattern Number, Name, Address, Zip. 3 free Patterns inside 1982 Needlecraft Catalog 170 Knit, Crochet, Embroider patterns.

Jackets, dolls, quilts, more! Jl.SO ALL CRAFT BOOKS. each All Books and Catalog-add 5W each for postage and handling. 135-Dolls Clothes On Parade 117 Easy Art of Needlepoint 13414 Quick Machine Quilts 116-Nifty Fifty Quilts 133-Fashion Home Quilting 1 15-Ripple Crochet 132-Quilt Originals 114-Complete Afghans 131-Add a Block Quilts 113-Complete Gift Book 130-Sweater Fashions-Size 38-56 112 Prize Afghans 129-Quick Easy Transfers Ill-Hairpin Crochet 128 Envelope Patchwork Quilts 110-16 Jiffy Rugs 127 Afghans Doilies 109-Sew Knit (Basic Tissue incl) 126-Thrifty Crafty Flowers 108-lnstan: Macrame d.i,i 107-lnstant Sewini afghan. 50t each pattern for postage lnsUnt Fashion lnstant Crochet lnstant Money 15 Quilts for Today Museum Quilts Quilt Book Collection I Offer ONE FREE get TWO FRtt September 19, 1982 Alliances will be consummated in the coming year with persons you hadn't heretofore Kelt you would be associated Ith. The conditions which develop should contribute to your feiiel-ings of security.

VIRGO (Aug. 23-Sept. Keep your priorities In perspective today. Matters which couild enhance your security or a dd to your resource should be fl rst on your agenda. Predictions of what's In store for you in he seasons following your birlth-day and where to look for yo ur luck and opportunities are in your Astro-Graph.

Mail $1 for each to Astro-Graph, Box 4 19. Radio City Station, Y. 1001 9. Be sure to specify birth date. LIBRA (Sept.

23-Oct. 23) You have good leadership qualities today, so don't hide your lliht under a bushel. In situations calling for someone up fromt, step in and take over. SCORPIO (Oct. 24-Nov.

252) Follow your hunches arid impulses today if they urge yc to try things which could bett ar your lot in life. The signails you're getting are on target. SAGITTARIUS (No. 23-Dw e. 21) If you've not been close ly involved lately with your sele( circle of friends, this is the da iy to make amends.

Put togethj ir something impromptu. CAPRICORN (Dec. 22-Jan. 1SH) Don't go out of your way Invite competitive situation! On the other hand, don't them Intimidate you. You're very resourceful when pressed AQUARIUS (Jan.

20-Feb. 1SI) Mingle today with person whose beliefs and philosoph are akin to yours. They will heli;) strengthen your faith and pu you in a positive, winning frami a of mind. PISCES (Feb. 20-March 20 I Beginning today there will be ci favorable shifts in i which should make It easier for you to achieve a hidden desirei you've been harboring.

ARIES (March 21-April 19) Someone whom you've never felt was your ally will be drawn closer to you through a chain of circumstances. The association will prove beneficial. TAURUS (April 20-May 20) Positive measures can now be taken to change conditions affecting your work or career. You may be able to take the initial step today. GEMINI (May 21-June 20) You should do rather well today in team-type sports.

You're a good player who can make a contribution without trying to be the star. CANCER (June 21-July 22) When properly motivated today, you will be a very determined person who is not likely to leave any loose ends once rou commit yourself. EO (July 23-Aug. 22) You need types of activities today which challenge you, both mentally and physically. Get up and get moving.

Being lethargic will make you difficult to deal with. DEAR DR. LAMB Can you tell me something about parathyroid hormone causing calcium to be elevated in the blood? I have recently developed this condition. DEAR READER The parathyroid glands are located on each side (para) of your thyroid gland in your neck. The parathyroid hormone is important in calcium and phosphorous balance.

When too much hormone is produced it will cause your bones to lose calcium. The blood phosphorous level may fall. The increased amount of bone calcium in your blood then must be filtered out by your kidneys, which can lead to kidney stones. In severe cases there may also be peptic ulcers. The combination led to the old medical aphorism to characterize overactive parathyroid glands of bones, stones and groans.

In less severe cases there may be no symptoms. But all cases of calcium kidney stones need to be studied for possible overactive parathyroid glands. Clemson fan raises gamecocks for a hobby Health fvQ By Lawrence E. Lamb, M.D. betting and many are held on Sunday, he said.

As one of 211 members of the South Carolina Game Breeders Association, Skinner said he would like the state to sanction cockfighting like other "blood sports," such as hunting and fishing. Money from licenses could be used to benefit schools and roads, he said. "We're trying to give cockfighting a new name," he said. Much of the adverse publicity comes from the very nature of the beast. Gamecocks are fighters.

"God made gamecocks to fight," Skinner said, "and they will fight until one of them is dead." Left alone, the birds would take all day to kill one another, he said. Nature gave roosters long spurs on their legs, but breeders clip the natural spurs. To speed up the death dance, cockers attach long, pointed metal spurs to the roosters' legs. In the Philippines, Skinner said, cockers attach long razor blade-like spurs. The fights don't usually last very long, he said.

"People holler it's cruel," Skiner said, "but we feed and take care of them for two years before they ever fight. That's better than raising a broiler for 8 to 12 weeks before killing him. That's what you eat from the supermarket." A good fighter will live a long life. One bird who has proven himself is 8-year-old "Teacher." A larger fence keeps theives from stealing the valuable roosters. Theft has been a problem in the past.

Although Skinner doesn't sell his cocks, cock breeders sometimes sell young roosters for $250 to $2,500. According to a 1974 report, "The American Cocker," by Clemson University, cock breeding and fighting "goes back 1,000 years before Christ and is followed in every known culture. George Washington, Jefferson and Madison bred cocks as a matter of course." Participants in the "sport of kings" mostly live in the Southern states. It is illegal to fight gamecocks in South Carolina but not to raise them. Several states, including Louisiana, Oklahoma and Hawaii, permit cockfighting.

Skinner takes his cocks to those states to fight. Large gamecock fights in those states sometimes command as much as $5,000 entry fees, with purses as high as $250,000. "When they fight for that much money, it's serious business," Skinner said. Just because it is illegal to fight the birds in South Carolina, doesn't mean it doesn't go on. "There's probably a cockfight in every town in South Carolina," Skinner said.

It is these clandestine "brush fights" that give cockfighting a bad name, he said. "That's what we want to get away from," he said. The brush fights usually involve alcohol, This story was written by Jeff Van Dyke of The Gaffney Ledger and provided via The Associated Press. GAFFNEY, S.C. Considering the long-standing rivalry between the Tigers of Clemson and the University of South Carolina Gamecocks, the last thing you might expect a Clemson graduate to raise as a hobby is the USC mascot.

But Joe Skinner was raising the high-strutting birds long before he graduated from Clemson in 1973. He and his grandfather, the late B.T. White, raised the birds for shipment to Hawaii and other states where cockf ighting is legal. Skinner has at least 60 flapping, fighting fowl, each tethered by a two-foot cord to 50-gallon drums in his back yard. The drums are open on both ends to protect the birds from the hot sun.

The cocks crow incessantly. They flap. They puff. They scratch the ground. You can hardly talk over the din of each biid wanting to be the last to crow.

"They're trying to be the cock on the walk," said the 30-year-old Skinner, stepping over the 2-foot-high electrified fence surrounding the gamecock compound. The fence keeps wandering predators from attacking the birds. Walking through the compound, you wonder whether these colorful cocky birds have any predators. With a slight provocation, they charge to the end of their ropes, clucking and flapping, at two-legged 124-Eas Gifts 'n' Ornaments 106 123-Stitch 'n' Patch Quilts 105 104 103 102 101 122-Stuff 'n' Put yuiits 121-Pillow Show-offs 120-Crochet a Wardrobe 119-Flower Crochet 118 Crochet with Squares Special Choice of any three Books Choice of any six Books Diet vital for diabetic DEAR DR. LAMB I am a 12-year-old diabetic and I have heard news about an insulin pump.

I heard that with this pump you only need shots in a span of three months and you do not have to follow a diet. Will you give me information on this pump? When will it be available? DEAR READER It is already being used on a trial basis. There is even more than one model. One is a simple syringe device, the other is automated. They really do offer some real advantages in treating diabetics who need insulin.

The preliminary studies look good 1 hate to disappoint you, but the pumps currently being tested all simply deliver insulin. They may be a big improvement because they can deliver small amounts of insulin fre(iienlly in relation to your meals and activities The pump docs eliminate the need for daily injections of insulin and smooth out the insulin dosage in a way that is difficult or impossible with only one, or at the most, two injections a That means a diet is still important An insulin-dependent diabetic must balance his diet, his insulin and his physical activity to maintain the best level of blood glucose. The pump just makes it simpler and more efficient. That results in better control of blood glucose levels which may help prevent the complications of diabetes. But don't give up hope.

Tbere are other teams working on blood glucose sensors that can measure your blood glucose level and then provide the amount of insulin you need. These planned devices may be more like the function of your own pancreas in providing just the amount of insulin you need upon demand. Then there are some good results in some few cases of transplants of the tail of the pancreas and seeding the Islets of Langerhans which form insulin into a diabetic. These then function like a normal pancre3. There are lots of different and some difficult facets to diabetes, including problems of insulin resistance, but these new advances may eventually change the lifestyle of diabetics.

Meanwhile, you need to know as much about diabetes as you can, so I am sending you The Health Letter 18-10, Hyperglycemia: The Diabetic Problem. Others can send 75 cents with a long, stamped, self-addressed envelope for it to me, in care of this newspaper, P.O. Box 1551, Radio City Station, New York, NY 10019. 20 Off Library bJ4 I find and all S'e SJlmf pants WOODEN ACCESSORIES: Boxes Towel Racks 'w'" CORNER CRAFT! It evirythino "'0 the Orr.ci jwwt WW JLml WJJ B3TaN3. Orangeburg Mall Next to Ann Ramsey 340 Summers "Next to the CHARLOTTE WALTER.