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The following the opinion of the celebrated who wrote above 500 years before Judge Blackftone. The Juryj" fays he, are the juidgesan allcfafesoflimbjcriiheKfej and dtfKeiifoh. The King cannot decide 1 for 'then he would be profecutor and'judge, neither can Judges, for Matthew Hale in his Pleas of the Crown, page ijQ; It would be a moft unhappy cafe for the Judge himfelf if the prifoner's fate depended: upon His directions j'urfhappjr alfo for the prifoTierj for if the Judge's opinion muft rule, the Trial' by Jury woald be'ufefefs." Holloway, in a profecution for a libel where-the publication was proved, and the only remaining queftion was," whether it was a libel, fays, I do not think it is a libel," but ad- drefliug himfelf to the Jury, added, but that is for you, gentlemen, to fay." Vide 5 th vol. of the State Trials. Judge Powell, in a cafe for a libel about the fame time, fays, In my opinion -it is not liable, but (turning to the but the matted of ids before you for your At this time of day it was fo far from the opinion of any lawyer in Court that the Jury were reftrained to the fact of publication, that the Judge cxprefsly directed them to take the Information, the libel, the pleadings, and even the Statute Book out of Conrttoaflift their judgment upon the cafe.

In a profecution againft Tutchin for a libel upon Government, tried before the great Lord Chief Juftice Holt, that enlightened Judge inftead of telling the Jury that the queftion of libel was a matter of law with which they had no concern, held a direct contrary doctrine, for he faid the feditious or libellous nature of the publication was theTole queftion for their determination." Lord Camden when he inftituted, as a law officer of the Crown, a profecution againft Dr. for a libel, told the Jury folemnly to confider whether the charge in the Information was true namely, that the defendant had a wicked intention to alienate the hearts of the fubjects from their King upon the throne, and to proaouce their verdict accordingly. Mr. Judge Blackftone in his Commentaries, fays, The traiterous or evil intent is the very gift of an Indictment, and'muft be anfwered by the plea of not guilty," and the Jury are to take notice of the defensive matter, and give their verdict accordingly." thefe, there are numberlefs other great legal authorities to fhew that Juries have a right of the whole charge in the and are not confined to the bare fact of printing or publifhing; a right, which it is hoped after the fpirited example of the Irifh, they will hereafter affert and maintain. An INSCRIPTION for a PILLAR, on the Scite where the BASTILLE at PARIS latelyJlood, propofedand written by an ENGLISHMAN.

Ad Decus et Libertatem nati fumus. CICERO. OPaflenger! Whether of confpicuous or obfeure rank, Native or Foreigner, know That in the righteous eftimation of Providenca, All Men (virtually confiderM) Are on one common leve 1 and equally interefted, But in particular If thou art a Briton read on, And be iuftructed that this Column was erected, Jin commemoration of the final deftrudtion of That hideous, dark, and abhorred State Prifon, The BASTILLE! For ages the Grave of Gallick Freedom, The Sepulchre of Patriotic Virtue, and The Grim Palace of untimely Death! That fo impious a monument of Tyranny, So glaringly ignominious to an Ancient, Brave, Polite, and enlighten'd Nation Should fo long have been permitted to remain, (An object of impending Terror, and Diftnay) Has and perhaps may eternally reft An Uolved Problem of univerfal aftonifhment, Tnis Theatre of deliberate Affafiination, Where many a deep Tragedy has been acted By Command in Secret: This flaughter-houfe of minifterial vengence. This mournful manfion of Human Mifery Whofn gloomy Chambers, dreary Dungeons, and Peftiferous Cells, reeking with cadaverous fumes, And putrid vapours, were by an infernal induftry Purpofely contrived, To enhance the mifery of the devoted Victims Beyond defciiption, and without hope of redemption, There to languim and wear away The remains of their wretched lives, in the moft agonizitg pangs. Of heart-wounding defpondency.

"Unknown numbers hare here expir'd unfeen, un- affifted, And deni'd the laft Comforts, and pious Of Relation or Friend Torn from the bleeding bofoms of their Families, Who (horrid to tell) Were often eternally ignorant of their Fate Huiri'd hither without legal procefs, Tryal, Knowledge of their Accufers, or even inform'dof Any Charge, or Crime fo queftionably imputed to While their names, and Memoires Too fequently perilh'd in unmerited Oblivion, The patience of any injur'd People at length ex- haufted, Who roufmg from their long acenftom'd ftupor, And fupine fubmiffion, Irritated by the audacious violences So frequently offer'd to personal fafety, (as fome think) illuminated by the bright Example, Of a tranfatlantick Precedent, At length dar'd to affert themfelves, and fpurn at Oppreffion, And with indiflbluble unanimity Starting into action, Suddenly razed this opprobrious Pile the ground, Deftroy'd its infernal Furniture, Racks, Chains, Iron Maflcs, and other devilfb Engines of Torture; Dragg'd the Chief Commandant firft to'the bar of Offended Juftice, and next to immediate, And condign punifhment; Nor ended here, but led on by many Noble, Intrepid, And patriotick Veterans, Who undauntedly advancing drew afide (From behind the Throne) The thick Curtain of pefpotifm, When behold how great their amazement! For Humauity fhudder'd, and recoil'd On the firft fight of the PHANTOM, Bloated with Haman Blood, And brooding o'er the fpoil of Nations, Attended by a Group of Spectres, Of the moft ghaftly afpects, and difgufting deformity, And tho' array'd with all its fhadowy attributes, And blafphemous Yet confeious of its own demerits, And dreading the Thunder of Popular indignation, Now together crowding away in gloomy cpnfufion, Fled like Darknefs before the Sun, Unable to endure the irrefiftible Blaze of Radiant Liberty, That what before was deera'd, and even dreaded, As the impenetrable profundity of State Policy, Now unveiPd and expos'd became The Contempt of the Brave, the Ridicule of the Titrterous, And the Sport of Boys. 'Twas then the Grand Monarch firft appear'd On a comparative view, not to exceed The ordinary Limits of a Private Man, And divefted of euftomary appendages, A Royal Unity only addition to the aggregate amount Of Millions! The Military on this occafion, (Equally involv'd in the common Calamity) Unanimously united with the Civil Reformers, Tl 1 by One bold exertion prance recover'd Her antient, and indubitable Rights, And by a Glorious Revolution, All power naturally reverted back To the original fource of its derivation, The People. Let this recent, and complete triumph of Liberty, Thcawful, and humiliating downfall of Tyranny, Be to all Potentates a Leflbn Of everlafting admonition, never to ftrafn The allbw'd limitary line of their Prerogative, Over the acknowledg'd, and decided Rights, And Privileges of their Subjects'; But by all the hpnefi. Arts of Government, Juftice, Moderation, virtuous'example, 1 and the like, Tofecure, their Love, Loyalty, and Attaehrnent, By which they may at once The vaft difproportion between The beloved Sovereign, of A Brave, Free, and Opulent And the hated Defpot, Of timerous Slaves, Beggars, and miferable Dependents, Go Briton go, and fail not Timely to apprife thy Countrymen, Of every attempt to invade their Civil, or Religious Rights; Let them obtain a fpee'dy repeal of, The Teft Ads. And prevent the further extending The Excife.

Let them ever fupport with a manly firranefs, And unremitting perfeverence, The Liberty of the Prefi, And Trial by Juries. Let them reduce within the reach of Induftry, The Price of Let them obtain a thorough Parliamentary Reform, And extirpate Bribery, and Corruption from Elections, Let their Eftablifh'd Clergy caft away the fpirit of Pride and Perfection. In a word let all Orders of thy People, Love Virtue above the Reward, and Dread Vice more than Punifhment Laftly as a facred Obligation due to themfelves, And their Pofterity folemnly charge them, To oppofe every approach of Arbitrary Power, Which after having been defervedly hooted, Execrated, and contemptuoufly driven With a headlong vengeance, from almoft Every other Nation in Europe, fuffer not the Shabby Fugitive even to fet a foot on thine. So may the Country continue to fmile With a flourifliing Profperity, and retain Its antient Glory, and Importance undiminifti'd, Great among the Nations, Never to experience thofe hoftile ftorms, And Convulfibns which have fo recently, A ad rudely diftraited the internal Peace, And tranquility of lefs happy lands. THOMAS SHERRATT.

An old Story, new arrived. Nobleman of an ancient houfe of very high rank, and fortune, died fuddenly, and'without being permitted to flop at purgatory, was fent down immediately into Hell he had not been long there before he met his old fervant Thomas, who, like his noble mailer, was gnafhing 'his teeth among the Thomas furprifed to behold his Lordfhip a- midft lharpers, thieves, pickpockets, and, all the canille of hell, ftarted like Hamlet at his father's ghoft, and cried out in a tone of it pofiible! I fee my late mafter among Lucifer's tribe of beggars, rogues and pilferers! How much I am altonilhed to find your Lordfhip in this place. Your Ifijiftup, whofe generofity was fo great, whofe. aAuent drew fuch crouds of nobility, gentry and friends to your table, and poor to your and whofe fine tafte employed fuch number-of poor in your garden, building temples and bbelifks, and forming lakes' ofwater that feemed to vie with the pray, my Lord, if I may be fo bold, what crime has.brought your Lordfhip into this- curfed aflembly Ah, replied! his Lordfhip, with his ufual condefcenfion, I have been lent hither for having defrauded my Royal Mafter, and cheating the widow' and fatherlefs, folely to enrich and pufchafe honours, andeftates, for that worth lefs and ungrateful rafcal, my only fon, who is. now fpending his fortune like a fool among thieves and lharpers, and I fear will very foon be with us.

But prithee, Thomas, tell me, as thou didft always feem to be an honeft, careful, fober fervant, what brought thee hither my Noble replied Thomas, I was fent begeting that very fon. An eld Reafon why a Country would not eat are ungodly meat, becatife nobody fays grace before they eat meat becaufe they are eaten becaufe they leave no offal for t.he unprofitable meat becaufe there is often more fpent upon them then.they coft. On Wednefday laft the affizes ended at Buckingham. Edward Smith and John Cowley, convicted of grand larceny, were ordered to be transported for feven years. William Ginger, for Healing wheat, was fentenced to fix months imprisonment in the houfe of correction.

The Marquis of Buckingham was at the affixes, and'dined with the Judges be was in very good health and exceedingly temperate and cautious in his diet and liquors. The Lord Chief Baron Eyre opened the Chelmsford affize on Thurfday in a very elegant and fenfible charge to the Grand Jury, of which Mr. Olmius was the The Chief Baron, after complimenting the county of EfTex on the very great number of acting Magiftrates, which, he obferved 4 were the belt fecurity for the very good ftate in which he now found the gaol. Qn this fubject, he remarked, very delicately, that whether it might he owing to the general care of its Magiftrates, or to the hint they might have received, he truited, that without at all fringing upon a queftion then faid to be at iffue, he fhould, be enabled to make fuch representations on the fubject of the gaol, as might, honourably to all parties, put an end to all further difference of opinion on that fubject. Extraft of a letter frim Oxford, Julj 17.

On Wednefday the commifgon wap opened at this, place, for the county of Oxford, where there bufinefs being yefterday ended on the Nifi Prius fide before that at the Crown bar, Mr, juftice Bailer affifted Mr. Juftice Baron Penyn by trying Charje? Evans Shury and John charged with the murder of David Charteries, near NiiBq- ham, on Monday evening, the eighth of October, 1780, in his return, from the ftatute fair at Abington towards Toot Balden, in thjs county. After the examintion of feveral witneffes, upon fumming up the eyidencp, his fhip judged it requifite.to take ffparate verdicts there being matter.which applied particularly to Caftle, that did not in like manner involve the fate of the Jury having firft found Caftle Guilty, the learned Judge, with great candour as. (well as perspicuity, proceeded to that of his accomplice, who was likewife afterwards found, Guilty." ExtraS of a letter from Shre-wfiury, July 16, At Pool fair on Monday laft, fat cattle fold well and high prices, as did alfo fheep and horfes; but hogs ftill continue very low. At Wolverhampton fair on Saturday laft, there was a very numerous fhew of horfes, the better fort whereof fold very well, the others moderately the quantity.

of horned cattle was but fmall, and fetched remarkable high prices." A man was laft week committed to Shrewf- burygaol for horfe-ftealing, wha had.fuf- tained a purfuit of more than 300 miles through the counties of Salop, Hereford, Radnor, and Brecon. At Abingdon affiles there were only four prifoners for trial, two of whom were, capitally convicted, one for murder, and the other for a rape. The laft letters from Florence advife, that the tumults in that city begin to fub- fide, none but the loweft dalles of being engaged in them. On the firft alarm, the Knglifti families, and travellers, of distinction, were preparing to leave the place but the better kind of citizens having taken up arms to quell the riots, which they ha- nearly accomplished, a deputation, from the Magistracy waited on Lord Heryey, the Bri- tifh Envoy, to afTure his Excellency of the perfect fafety of the lives, and fecurity of the property of the Englilh. They alfo waited on Lady Hervey, to requeft her influence with the Englilh ladies not to depart the city, and to quiet their fears.

DEAL, JULY 16, 1790. AME down and failed, with his Ibif Leopard and Cyclops, Tifip! one fire-fliip, ajij outward -bound as per lad, jhe Duchefs of land, Brown, for 1 Oporto; and Linenhali, Levvington, for, the man of war, and India W. N. W. Deal, July 17.

Came down and failed, his Ma- jefty's ftips Marlborough and Vtngeance Atalanta, Buffet, for the South Sea; and Three Sillers, Coot, fof his Mujerty's ihip Adventure, and India S. W. Gravefend, July 16. Paffed by, the derno, Jones, from Salonica Fanny, Avery, irom the South Sea; Fanny, Prowting, from Mogadore; Canada, Cole, -from Leghorn; Emily, Petrion, from the Bay "of Rofes Vigilant, Way, from Marfeiiles; Providence, Herbert, from Jamaica Induftry, Ferminger, from Carthagena; Mercury, Sherwin, Irom Dantziclt; Samuel, Durant, from Stockholm; Dominica, Hall, from Dominica; and Jofeph, Brands, from Saloe. The Amelia, Caldcleugh, from Charleflon, is arrived at Dover.

Weft Indian, Chifholm, from Jamaica, at ditto. Commerce, Walker, from Dublin, at ditto, Edwards, Traiure, from Anguillj, at Lancafter. Mary, A'llifon, from Tortola, at Weymouth. Grenada Packet, Holman, from Grenada, off Ramf- gate. Little Jemmy, Parkinfon, from Jamaica, at Liverpool.

Harriot, Hall, from Barbadees, at ditto. Ellen, Maychel, from Riga, in Wyre River. Briton, Young, from London, at Charleston. Sally, Crichton, from ditto, at ditto. Martha, Down, from Briftol, at ditto.

Nancy and Betty, Charleton, from Penzance. Toms, from St. Vincent's, at Liverpool. Wills, Hughes, from Africa, at Barbadoes. Mary, M'Lean, from ditto, at ditto.

Fiber, Hcwan, from ditto, at ditto. Allanfon, Byrn, from Liverpool, at ditto. Sally, Sedgeworth, from Riga, in the River. HIGH WATER This Day at LONDON BRIDGE at a Minutes pall 7 o'Clock in the Morning, and 33 Minutes paft 7 in the Evening. The Tide will ferve up the River from 3 o'Clock in the Morning ill 7, down till paft 3 in the Afternoon, up till pall 7, and down the Remainder of the Night.

PRICE of STOCKS. S. ocK -Erc Bank Stock, 170. 3 per Ct. Reduced, 7a 7- 8ths, 73.

3 per Cent. Confol. flxut, 7a r-8th, ex. Div, Ditto 4 per Cent. Confol.

94 j-8ths, 1 -4th. 5 per Cent, fhut, no 3- 8ths, 1-half, ex. Div. Bank Long Ann. it 5- 8ths.

I -4th. India Stock, India Ann. 1799. NANGK, July 17, India Bonds, India Scrip. South Sea Stock, Ihut, Old Ann.

New Ditto, fliut. 3 per Cent, 1751, fhut. New Navy, Irilh Lottery Englifh ditto, Exchequer Bills, Loyalifts' Old South Sea Stock London Ditto, Million Bank, Royal Affurance, Navy and Via. Bills, 3 per Cent. Sciip.

VICTUALLING-OFFICE, July 13, HE far FiMuolung bis Majefly Navy do hereby give Siitct, that on Tuefday next, the. zith Infiant, they will be ready to receive Writing (fialeduf) and treat for 1000 Starter's of ENGLISH WHEAH, weighing 59 Pounds per Bujbel. 500 Quarters of ENGLISH PEASE. The firmer to be delivered in a Month, and the latter in a Fortnight, by weekly Proportions, into his Majeflys Stores at the Red-houfe, Deptford. The Conditions of the Contrails may be feen at tin Serretary'j Ofiet.

And, all Perfons who may think proper to male Tendert upon the fold Occafion. are defired to take Notice, that no Regard will be had to any Tender in which the Prists not be ixferted both in Words at Length and in Figures, or that Jball not be delivered to the Board before One o'clock on the faid 20th Infiant, nor unlefs the Perfon who makes-the Tender, or fome Perfon on bis Behalf, attends to anfwer for h'm when calledfor. VICTUALLING- OFFICE, July 9, 1790. HE Convniffioners for VitluaUing his Majefly Navy, do hereby gtve Notice, that on Tburfiiay the zzd Infl. their Agent at wilt be ready receive Tenders inWriting, (fealed up) and treat for loop Quarters of ENGLISH WHEAT, to weigh Sg Pounds per Bujbel, (an din cafe it weigh above 59 Pounds per Bujbel, the Overweight will be paid for) anfwer able to a Sample to be produced with the Tender; to be delivered as foon as may be into his Majeflfs Vieluallmg Stores at Plymouth which wUl.be faid for by BHls in-CoUrfe, made equal to Ready Money The Conditions of the ContraS may be feen by applying to Mr.

John Thomas, Agent for the VMuafBng at the Port of Por tf mouth. And all Perfons. who may think proper to make Tenders upon the faid Occafion, are defired to take Notice, that no Tender for lefs than One -third of the above Quantity will be accepted, or Regard bad to any.Tender in which the Price Jball not be inferted both in Words at Length and in Figures, or that Jball not be delivered before Twelve o'Clock on the faid 2zd Inflant, nor unlefs. the Perfon who makes the Tender, or fome Perfon on bis Behalf, attends to anfwer for him when celledfor. VICTUALLIANG-OFFICE, July 15, 1790.

HE Commiffloners for ViSuaUing his Majefly Navy do hereby give Notice, that on Thurfday the 2 zd Inflant, their Agent at Portfmoath will be ready to receive Tenders, in Writing, (fealei up) and treat for 1000 Quarters of clofe, dried AMBER MALT, of the late Malting Seafon, anfwer able to a Sample that wilt be produced at it he Time of Contrail), to be delivered as foon. as may be into his Majefly Stores atWeevill i to be paid for by Bills in Qourfe, made equal to Ready Money. The Conditions of the ContraB may be feen by applying to the Agent for the Viclualling at the Port of Portfmouth. And all Perfons who may think proper to make Tenders upon the faid Occafitn, are defired to take Notice, that no Tender for lefs than One- third of the above Quantity will be accepted, or Regard had to any Tender in which the Price not be inferted both in Words at Length and in Figures, or that Jhalf not be delivered before Twelve o'Clock on the faid zzd Infiant, nor unlefs the Perfon who makes the Tender, or fome Perfon on bis Btkalf, attends to anfwer for kin when called for. byH, WOODFALL.

So. (1,) the Corner of Ivy -Lane, Piternofter-Row; where LETTERS to the Author (poft paid! are received, and ADVEX of 9 moderate Length art taken in at Foar each. A LETTER-BOX in the Window in PATERNOSTER ROW..