Skip to main content
The largest online newspaper archive

The Inter Ocean from Chicago, Illinois • Page 32

Publication:
The Inter Oceani
Location:
Chicago, Illinois
Issue Date:
Page:
32
Extracted Article Text (OCR)

-Y e-'Y traded aad even married in the utmost good fellowship one witlf the other. Bat when that game of poker-was played. In April. 1882, the atake waa the peace of the mountains and the stake was lost. It wss two young scions of the rival fam ilies that played the game, Robert ft.

Lee Turner and "Wicks" Howard. Usually "Wicks' was a winner at the game, and had been accustomed te reap a handsome profit from youagTcrner. whose father, the portly, good-natured Judge of the county, was welt sble te meet his son's losses. But on this occasion luck, or whatever It is that rules the destinies of th poker player, was on the Turner side, and "Wicks" csme out a heavy loser. Weald Het Pay Leasee.

Th Howard finances, however, were never overstrong. and. to add to the trouble, "Wicks' had a reputation for being the county bully that would have been decidedly tarnished bad he tamely made good his loss. Ancient Pistol's vaunt. "Base is the slave that pays," expresed th sentiments of this yonng mountaineer, and when Turner moved for a settling up of the Bight's winnings tbwre was denial mixed with profanity too lurid to reproduce.

"I don't owe you nothing, you pleface," quoth "Wicks." "Yes, yer do," swore young Turner. "Come, pay up. or I'll" "Oh, go home ter yo mother," sneered the bully. "Yo' kain't git nothing fum me, 'till yer've growed some." This time Turner answered nothing, but before Howard had done speaking he wss aware ot the yawning muxxle of an ugly looking "gun" held within two feet of his head THE JDTTEE OCEAir," SUXDAT LOTUfTSG, MAY 10, 1903. THE ILLU BV HENRY CHARLES If the writer about 'picture' to find any considerable, public be nuiit address himself to tiier than the special Interests of those who make them.

It will not So. even when It Is a question of pure technique, that he is WU IK IA ll-ia U1v V. a.S.-b dews to think; of the matter front tie purely professional or technical point of Tiew. Ha must sot abandon this, or forget for a moment that painting, aa well a every other kind of graphic art. in.

first and last, handicraft; that, for a picture to be worth that to-ti manjWolle a coh-shlerable proportion of those who look at painted pictures are more or less Interested in now the paint la port on, there ere -comparatively but a few of those who look at magazine and book illustrations -'who- are with any question of technical Expertness la the use of tool and medium does not la itself give them pleasure, nor' does the lack of It distress them. Of course, their liking will be more or less dependent upon the work being well done, but It was with some feeling of this kind torn recognition of as essential difference In requirement between a painting and a design for air illustration that I entered the room in the Art institute devoted to the second annual exhibit of tha Society of Illustrators. I felt that If 1 was. to understand these pic-. tures.

and see how, good, in their own way. they are. I must recognise tnat tneix way Is not altogether the painter's, that their different procedure has by the law of natural selection established aaotner norm or excellence, and that something distinct, both I i i i writing about at all. It must be well enough 'done to juable the outsider to make a shrewd guess as to what the artist was thinking about when he did But erea the least detail of execution must be seen with an eye 'not single to itself and its own 'canon, but open aa well to the claims of. the mere ob server, the one whose interest in the work is intellectual rather than technical, broadly human rather than narrow and special.

It is particularly necessary to consider the work of the Illustrator from some viewpoint Washington. Arch By Everett' SIilnn.r-Vi?r:$ they will not think of the picture in this way, and its qualities of execution will only interest them as a part of the whole effect. And this must be one that correspond with the mental images excited by the reading of the accompanying text. or. if the picture Is telling' Just its own story, with what seems a reasonable conception of It.

In a word, the work will be found acceptable or the reverse apoa grounds of its purely human Interest and appeal, and not at all, at least not consciously, upon those that mainly influence the decisions of art Juries. in aim and in 'tie artlstle'procesa, must be taken well into account. -v Having Just been looking at the paintings, I found It not alwaya easy to adjust my mind to the new problems "presented by the. works In this room. The pleasure that as a painter I had derived' from -the mere sensation ot pictures in which the more exigent medium had been happily employed sad made me a little nnreeeptlve of eye and mind.

Yet there were a few-things 'that, either' by something imperative in their some singular happiness of device or point of view, or by some combination Ttt alVthree ot these qualities, captured my Interest at once. Among these were two works by Jules Ouerin No. "Library. Columbia University," tia No. 7, -Public library.

"New Tork city." In their fineness of adaptation of the particular facteto the particular artistic purpose, aa well as In the selection of this purpose, of the particular truths of the subject that are treated, these two pictures are I think it was the striking originality of their conception that first arrested my attention, something in their design ot tint and "line that separated them more widely from the photograph or from the purely mechanical drawing. than would seem.pbesible in any treatment of the subjects' while doing Justice to the 'artistic purpose, would also do Justice te the beauty and splendor of the architectural design. Perhaps of the two, -No. 7. the one repro-duced in the catalogue of the most completely illustrative of Mr.

Guerin'a gift, and for the reason that he has made life considerable feature In the pictorial The various units who compose this company of people, who are coming and going, have been so disposed against the gleaming sunlight on pavement and building aa to hold them well together. While suggesting Individual diversity they have artistic unity, and properly assist the single effect that the artist has sought. WBrUmr Oet aa Ideal. It Is first because he has meant to give Just this impression of his subject that I find this picture and the other so good. There is an acceptance of the special opportunities as well as Of the toeciai limitations of Drocesa.

a Justness of view as to-what it is and' is not apt tor. that makes pulled talent effect ive, and excites nafeeliagflf regret that it had not Been employed in another wayv, And then I find- that the artist's skill has In no wav "Cheapened his His band seems to have been equal to the work that the mind had grven it to do. The result appears te me such as to make these two pictures notable among the 102 excellent works that compose this Among those of the collection that deal primarily with the disposition and actions ef people am very greatly Impressed with the five, designs In wash by Arthur I. Keller. The artist seems to have entered very com pletely into the minds of bis folk, for he hss given them a look of great tree will, as though their expressions and poses had been dictated purely by the situation.

I shpuld not suspect, from anything about them, that Mr. Keller had had any ordering of or had told any one of the models, -who. fcave served him so well to hold body, and heul thus and so, or to look in this 6r -Ih'at kind of a way. He seems specially to understand the spirit of a company, and how to concentrate the human and pictorial Interest very much the same thing, by the wiy while accounting well tor individual differences. In "The Frog Story, which you will remember If you have read Owen Water's Virginian, which it Illustrates, and In "Washington's Last Birthday.

this combination of single with individual interest and expression is most specially to be noted. Owing' to the larger number of people who figure in these two stories, the difficulty of Showing np each Individual convincingly, why at the same time bringing them to Harlan Coui.t oust RtNDtiVoos ot tuDivrs gether and devising their jtaxious Unas a that they all seem to be Interested is the same th.lng.JLs greater than la the other two pie tures of composite life shown by this artist. In "Sister Phllomene's Surrender" and in "In Venice," however, rBere la evident the same power to make -hfa people, tell their- own story, and that which makes the subject of the picture as welL HaUkJatst Seeae ReaL Conspicuous among the impressions received from the hundred-odd drawings la the room, were those made by two works 7 A.jk-. Two Kentucky Feudists and the First Fighting Ground. Three days after the game of cards young Turner was fishing along oae of the mountain streams not far from the road.

He was lying In the grass engrossed In the lazy sport, when he was suddenly aronsed by the rough challenge of his enemy of a few nights before. Looking up, there stood "Wicks" Howard covering him with hla gun. snd with a triumphant leer on his face. "Hyah's mo' thet I owes yer on thet game we plsyed ter town!" he celled to his victim, and before the latter could struggle up to his feet he received the deadly contents of Howard's gun. The death of young "Bob Turner waa the signal tor the feud between the two families.

Returning to his home fully sware of the extent of his crime, so far aa It would affect his kindred, "Wicks," like some highland chief tain, called together a band of Howards. thirty-three in all, including hla younger brother, Jim. and arming them, sought refuse at the bend ot the river Immediately above tha town, where he and his psrty speedily became the nucleus for the numerous des- i csmps and a condition ot undisguised revolution reigned la the little mountain stronghold. For the most part, during those strenuous times, th Turner faction managed to be oa the aide of the law, while warrants were Issued for the apprehension of such of the Howards as were known to have committed crimes. But the sheriff, overpowered by the number of hla enemies, gave up the attempt to arrest them, and was driven to defend himself and the Turner contingent by fortifying and garrisoning the old courthouse, which was ever the center of attack, while the Howards, under the leadership ot Wilson, ably seconded by Jim Howard, encamped themselves on the hills overlooking the town.

Appeal te Itat aatharltlea. When matters reached this Juncture, the stats authorities wera appealed) to, and Governor Buck iter sent a detachment of militia to preserve order. In this the troops wera completely unsuccessful, the wiry mountaineers frustrating sll the efforts ot their assailant to dislodge them from their hiding Th leader Of the Turners, Judge La wis, however, seeing that a crisis had come and that nothing was te be expected from the state troops in their defense, resorted te strategy. Accompanied by seme thirty er forty men armed with Winchesters, he sallied oat under cover and surprised Wilse and his followers In their mountain stronghold. With the early morning a sharp battle was fought by the two forces, In which the advantage was overwhelmingly la favor of the Turners.

Four of the Howards were killed In this wounded, and the band waa put to flight, leaving the county, never to return. Tha fat of Captain Will Howard waa la keeping with the lawless career he had run In Harlan. Three years after his flight from the latter place he waa arrested In California for robbing aa express company. From California he was sent to Missouri, wher he was tried and hung for a murder he had committed there while on hla way from Kentucky to the Pacific coast. Ten of the Turners, among them the old Judge, witnessed his execution, but.

in spite ot their testimony. l1-'? of Lonls Loeb's. In respect to those features In execution that make people and scene objectively real, there la nothing her that is more convincing, nor that shows a nicer adsptlon of this medium to thee particular ends. Textures, surfaces, and planes, are discriminated In the finest way! The stories too. are told very well, but the pictures are most distinguished by these technical niceties.

Or perhaps it would be more Just to say that, while very true, subjectively. I found myself first and last saylag "How beautifully these are done." have said before at some length that I i it. Afternoon in Venice B7 Chzt ks Satot, i -y i "4 some ef Kentucky's best blood in their an- eeatry. but the difference! that kept them asunaer were none the less bitter for this strain of culture and refinement that characterized them, and with the advent of the Howards In the county the smoldering fire broke Into flame. Politics waa always a matter of life and death la Manchester, the Garrard leading th Democratic contingent, the Whites the Republican.

Under these two banners the entire county became followers of one or the ether of theae leading families, snd their partisanship was marked by unusual Intensity. If a member of one party got lato trouble his clan supported him, while the other half of the county opposed him. From the start the Howards, being Republicans, became ardent adherents of the Whites and opposed the Garrard. Although -the Clay county feud dates historically to a period some sixty years ago, when a relative of the Whites waa killed by a friend of the Garrards. the real trouble, resulting finally In the murder ot sixteen people, and a condition of affairs exsctly similar to that prevailing In Harlan at the time ot the feud there, broke out In the spring of 189S.

In the tall of the preceding year Gilbert Garrard, the leader of his party, had run for sheriff against "Bev" White. In a campaign that was marked with mar than the ordinary amount ot bitterness, and that left the county in an un-usually perturbed condition. But the first ostensible trouble that produced the outbreak was not political. Quarrel Over ef It run was a quarrel of some raftsmen over a of logs la the Kentucky river. The thought Mr.

F. C. Tohn. at his best, i master la this field. The two waah.

drawings for Audrey," shown here, mat to sustain thia rlw- Ld at largely and keeping la mind the relative value ef qualities. No. 6 IB th mot mterl3 thing In this collection. 2. have not remd tfca minw illustrates, nor can I reconstruct Its Incident with any certainty ot verbal detail, but I receive a most vivid impression of four people held soul and body in the relentless grasp of a fatality, while horses and every incident of seeele environment are sympa-Ihetle In all their line and expression, with, that which makes the huma.n significance of the occasion.

C'Tlnar Life tlaee. It in very rare Lis powerto' Inform graven Image of life with the spirit, of Ahy one ot Uslntense or. traglcmoments.to imagine It as It under' some highl pressure ot v-s, umo, or iove. jus rare because notuaaay these potentialities ot Its expression, or figure it to us without melo-dramatUTover' accents that make it stage-like -and JiuicohtlnclDg. Tnere seem no tonch.

of exaggeration here thought. There is worked Into all this vivid lira-likeness ef pose and gesture something "4 thnfaepamui It a widely, from noisy and- exclamatory as it fB Pive moods: It is (or this more xcution. for theway tloa more than for the very finj, way in which tt th.greVt dUtinc vl uia picture ilea. noted, la which the writer about art utilises pictures. oa hich to hlng copr a chance te show what he knows or COMM' as art pure and almp lOfc Vie wed In this last way.

the? seems but. little reason why our- attention should have been' so much called to the talented trivialities nora view at Mr. O'Brien's. are two. or three of them 'that are sreod Sir their" owe alls-lit wV without' li luillgs DUi side of themselves that make them lnter- csiiug.

uiey seem worm no more than pass- Inr mention uv-Buuir ojq. cluslvely that Miss Hasef Martyn will never do things that would Justify, such extended "antiriwHltlMiaM aa ceived, neither are they significant enough in iucuimitfs iv cuum mucn attention or mciw mucn interesc. I should say that No. IS. an outline sketch in charcoal and chalk, waa the best ot the group In its ensemble.

No. 18, a head -1 etisv UlSUUC quaUty of charm about It, and la its own minor way shows much hlcenesa of obser- Tatlnft at a mmmK vr aa eludes a number of single, sketches, and la vv iww muiH ivih cniiaren, nmt much of ha ama mrtimil A rest of the work shown it seems hardly worth considering, except from the newsgatherer'a i i BTew Jersey Ceieeiatteee. The 927 New Jersey corporations, savior $239,000,000 capital, recently dissolved for atvwijurcuh vi aw. irvmrMI. Hub UBV twenty-four of the companies lncomorated la that stats.

A GAME OF DRAW POKER THAT LED TO THE ASSASSINATION OF GOVERNOR GOEBEL Cpactal Correapoodenc ot The Inter Wff FRANKFOET. Ky: May 7. The partaln haa fallen upon one. act of Kentncky'agreat tragedy. Jim Howard, feudist, ceavlcted of the murder of Governor WiTliam Goebet must go to prison.

But In. the face of the oonvic-tlon of this Harlan county man the bitter strife has again broken out in the mountains. The rifles have again been taken from the placea they were bung after the warring factions had made a solemn agreement to cease the murderous strife. Most of the old actors in the long-drawn-cut and tragic warfare are dead. They went the way of feudists.

But their sons and grandsons are steeled to fight again, and Kentucky's ditgrace threatens to become blacker than ever. The warfare which ended in the murder of Governor Coebel began twenty-two years ago over a game ot draw poker. From a neighbors' quarrel over a gambling debt It spread until it Involved a large part ot the mountain district ot the state. Neighborhood banded against neighborhood, family against family, the members of one treacherously slaying the members of another. Politics became ha nnlirtrs r.f tha Winchester, and that has meant murder time and time again.

i Several whole families have been slain. Othera of the clan ot feverish blood sit in their mountain hcns nurslcg their greed for vengeance. Bound for awhile by a peace compact, neighbor quit slaughtering neigh bor, but once mere gunpowder threatena to become the might above the law. Tfca alarv Af tha fvii Am of thia a la aim ply a story of treacherous murder, of plot and counterplot, ot the grim argument of the bullet which la the only argument of the Ignorant mountaineers who are born to carry out the feud their fathers started- and to transmit the hatred bo their own offspring. The most tragic of all the murders wss the killing ef Governor William GoebeL When shot from a window In the capltol at Frank fort three years ago, one of the most sensational and mystifying chapters In the annals ot crime and) politics was added to the al ready crowded roll of the Blue Grass state.

Goebel's career waa la many wars an extraordinary one. He bad revolutionized political methods la Kentucky and had Just com out victorious In a hotly contested rsce for Governor. Naturally, he had bitter enemies in public life. but. although, the gaaa of politics Is notorious for Us seriousness la Kentucky, many were loath to attribute this coldblooded killing of the Governor-elect to political rivalry.

There was mystery surrounding the deed from the very start- Done in broad daylight, la the central square of the city, at a -time when the eyes of the public rara r.nfpiitiinin hla ttrttm nnw derer nevertheless eludedi There were many theories regarding the crime, and the running it down has played a prominent part In subsequent Kentucky politics. Not. however, until sow has conclusive proof been brought together by the prosecution that has definitely fastened) the guilt on AB mait'a ihnitliiUri fur 1 tr Tim Howard has long been suspected of Goebel's murder snd has been committed' to prison for lt- his first trial was lacking la sufficient evidence to proclaim him unequivocally the murderer. But his second trial, occupying the greater part of last month, has supplied the former missing clews sad witnesses through which he has boea proved at last the perpetrator of Kentucky's most famous crime. Whoever Is familiar with the criminal history of Kentucky will aot be surprised that a member of the Howard family turns out tOj.be the on for whose apprehension the entr country hss been walling.

"The blood of all the Howards" mar be the synonyt for the highest nobility la England, representing all that la best and Worthiest there sfter centuries of brillisat achievement. But the Kentucky Howard, although some claim it is an offshoot from this aristocratic lineage bejond the seas, has woa a reputation that savors little of the old-time chivalry aad valor that has mad he name an honored one throughout Europe for generations. A Cause of Draw Poker. Twenty-two years ago la the mountains ef Kentucky the Howards first came into prominence. It was la the little county sest ot Harlan, a picturesque handful of quaint houses of the true mountaineer type, bunched together at the forks ef the Cumberland, with the peaks of Pine Ridge and the Black anountains towering abov them, in Plk county, a short-distance northeast from Harlan, In th very same year and month, a dispute was started over some-pigs by a Hatfield and a McCoy that was destined to bear grave consequences that will be felt, probably, until none of this generation are left in the-mountains.

But It was not a question of pigs or politics that brought Harlan Into history as the originator In Pike county ot the Kentucky It was a game of cards, an old-fashiaed mountaineer contest of draw poker, with guns on the side, that set the feudal machinery in motion. At that time Harlan county could be divided Into two principal families, the Howards and the Turners. For generatlona there had been no friction between theae two portions of the population of the little mountaineer settlement. They had worked and hunted and played together, voted and 4 by the successful poke "Nor was the gun lowered until thse test cent had been paid over by the discomfited "This ain't Ke last 6 this nyah game," yelled that worthy aa be alouched out of the musty- little saloon where they had been playing. "Tou-uno 'in hear fum me 'till you-an '111- wish they hadn't been no' poker nor eyards en this hyah town." The threat seemed aa idle one, and was hailed with derision by young Turner and his friends, but as events proved, the results of night game were more far-reaching than even "Wicks" Howard had anticipated.

For It marked the beginning of the Howard feuds in the mountains of Kentucky, whose last chapter was written in the blood of Governor Goebel-on the steps of the state capltol at Frankfort. peradoes who at all times make the mountains the scene ot their lawless exploits. The Turners on their side, under the leadership of Will Turner, Bob's brother, made raid on the Howard homestead for. the purpose of killing -Wicks' in revenge for the murder he had committed. But in this they were unsuccessful, and Judge Turner, who appears to have endeavored to put an end to the feud from the beginning, shipped hla son off to Texas, where he remained for a year.

On bis return, however, he let it be known that he had neither forgotten nor forgiven the Injuries that had been done hla family by the Howards, and as a consequence of this announcement he was shot! and killed one fine morning from one of the windows of Harlan courthouse by Wilson Howard, who thenceforth became the leader of the Howard clan in place of "Wicks." It is said that Jim Howard was with Wilson In the courthouse at the time he killed Turner, Four Turner Brothers Killed. In this manner the four Turner brothers, sons of the old Judge; who still survives them in Harlan, were killed, one after the other, all from ambush, and at the hand's of some member of the Howard family. The house that the Judge still occupies bears evidence, tn the numerous bullet holes, of the attacks to which it has been subjected in this mountaineer warfare although today the good-humored laugh of the Judge is heard among the many Howards, who still comprise the majority of Harlan county's population. But for the eight years following the fatal game of cards Harlan was divided into hostile places. A band of 'these' hardy woodmen la their native haunts from a vantage ground that Is well nigh impregnable, and the Governor's baffled soldiery, after repeated attempts to them, returned to Frankfort in.

disgust. In high glee at this victory over the military arm of the state, the Howards became bolder than ever in their defiance of the local authorities, and sent a message to the latter announcing their intention to capture the courthouse and destroy the towa unless the latter were Immediately surrendered to them. Naturally the Harlanites were panic-stricken at thia ultimatum from the warlike Wllse an hla men, and scores of them packed their household goods on the first mule that came to hand and left the mountains altogether. 5 a rumor still circulates to the effect thatf the hanging- was a the sheriff having been bought off by Howard money, and that Captain Wilse. the scourge of Harlan county.

is still at Among the fugitives from Harlan waa Jinx Howard, who. after this first experience In the feud business as conducted in his native mountains, went with a number of his kindred to Manchester, in Clay county, a soil mors fertile than Harlan's for the propagation of the feud microbe. Fead Traaferre4 Clavy Country. For years the -Garrerds and the Whites had been political and social rivals in this section of the mountains. Both of these fsmilies are of a distinctly higher typ than the average mountaineer, Including 4 i flf' a I -1 TlX raftsmea were members' of the Howard Snd Baker- families.

These two families -were partners in the logging but Bakers, being ardent followers ot the Garrards, and thus politically opposed to the Howards, the differences between them became serious, so much so that in settling up their haul of logs for the spring a dispute arose that definitely sundered the partnership and produced a feeling that made bloodshed inevitable. The day following this quarrel eight of the Howards came down to the river look- lng tor the Bakers. The latter, however, were In ambush for their and before the Howards returned from their re-eonnoltering trip two of their number were killed by Tom Baker. For this double murder revenge was sure snd swift. The next day, armed with the rifle that had done him service in the Harlan feud.

Jim Howard took tha trail of hla enemies and' followed It with a determination that would ot be balked by lack, of a victim. But Tom Boker was not to be found, and It looked as It Jim would hsve to postpone his hunt. Stepping into a clump of bushes along the roadside not far from the Baker homestead. Jim bided hla time. Hours' vent by with no sign of the man he wss awaiting, and any one but a veteran feudal ist would hsve given up the venture.

But Jim held on until finally along the road came, not Tom Baker, but old George Baker, Tom's father, shambling through the dnst and muttering to himself with the ab-entm4ndednees of age. Hs waa woefully upset by the crime committed by his son and waa returning from a qneet to had 4eea. making tor the latter. Aa he came in line with the bnshes he halted as If impelled to stop by some unlucky Instinct. The oppor tunlty for revenge waa not lost to the man in hiding and.

raising his gun. he deliberately shot and killed the old man where he Feud Reavcned te Fruakfort. It Is not often that a feudist is arrested ana held for murder of this kind, but an exception, was made in this esse snd Jim Howard was caught and brought to trial by the authorities. Although convicted, he was allowed te appeal for a second trial, obtaining his liberty under bond In the, meantime. It waa durlaj this, interim that th shooting of Goebel took place, an act committed by Howard, according to the testimony brought out la avis recent trial.

In exchange for a pardon promised htm by Governor Taylor for the murdr of eld George Baker. Thus the killing of Goebel was the direct snd logical result: of the mountaineer feuds that for more than two decades have kept southeastern Kentucky In a state of constant turmoil It was the final card from that fatal game played by young Howard and Turner on the banks of the Cumberland twenty-two rears age. With Jim Howard's committal by the state authorities for the murder of the Governor he disappeared from further participation la the feud he had helped inaugurate In Clay county. But the latter, following the course of all monntaia feuds. Increased ia Intensity after Its Initial outbreak.

The Garrards took up the cudgels for the Bakers, the Whites for the Howards. As happened la the Harlan feud, armed bands of men, seventy-five on one side, fifty en the other, were maintained and kept the county in aa uproar by their continued ralde oae upon the other. The court house In Manchester became the center of a pitched battle between th two tactions. Ths state troops ware called oa to enforce order, with the ssme results that marked their efforts la Harlem. Finally, la the spring of 1901.

a formal truce was drawn np and signed by the Garrards and Whites, attpulating th withdrawal of the leaders from Manchester and ruaran-teelag a cessation ot hostilities. The stability of this truce Is now oa trial. But the wider trouble, reaching, by means of Jim Howard, from Clay county to Frankicrt, and Involving a Governor of the state, who hss fled to Indiana for protection, has stilt te be settled, and it is predicted that not until the Supreme court of the United Slatea la Invoked can It be settled. Life of a Locomotive. The average life of a locomotive on th rail.

ways ot Englaad la twenty-six years, and on those of France twenty-nine years. In the United States ths life of an engine is but eighteen years not because the good die young, but because It baa run in eighteen years about J.OOO.OOO miles, a distance the English locomotive would be given thirty-six years to cover..

Get access to Newspapers.com

  • The largest online newspaper archive
  • 300+ newspapers from the 1700's - 2000's
  • Millions of additional pages added every month

About The Inter Ocean Archive

Pages Available:
209,258
Years Available:
1872-1914