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Sioux City Journal from Sioux City, Iowa • 10

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Sioux City, Iowa
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10
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A10 The Sioux City Journal, Sunday, February 15, 1987 Democrats fail to check Reagan budgetary power Death takes auto executive Charles Condon Charles H. Condon 81, 3900 Hamilton founder of Condon Motor died Wednesday after being stricken while on vacation in Orlando, Florida. Services will be at 10 a.m. Monday chorage, Alaska; four brothers, Allen F. Sterling of San Bernadino, Willard P.

Sterling of Campbell, and Melvin Sterling of Redland, and two grandchildren. Memorial contributions may be made to the Lyme Public Library in Lyme, Conn. Eugenia Foster Eugenia Foster, 88, 2537 S. Cornelia died Thursday at Matney Morn-ingside Manor after a lengthy illness. Services will be at 2 p.m.

Tuesday Mr. Lumphrey was born Oct. 13, 1898, in Minneota, Minn. He graduated from the Beardsley (Minn.) High School. He worked at the bank in Beardsley until the mid 1930s.

was a semi-professional baseball player and manager of the Beardsley city team. He married Agnes Weis on June 21, 1943, in Sisseton, S.D., and the couple came to Sioux City from Beardsley in 1943. He was a machinist at Albertson's (now Sioux Tools) in Sioux City until retiring in 1968. Mr. Lumphrey served in the U.S.

Army in World War I and in the U.S. Army Air Force in World War II. He was a member of St. Joseph's Catholic Church and a former member of the American Legion. Survivors include his wife; three sons, Nicholas, David and Dennis; three brothers, Oliver, Edwin, and Arthur; two sisters, Mrs.

Esther Jenks and Mrs. Addie Brady; and two grandchildren. Mrs. Mary M. Moran Mrs.

Mary M. Moran, 81, Holy Spirit Retirement Home, lifelong resident of Sioux City, died Friday at the home after a brief illness. Services will be at 10 a.m. Monday at Immaculate Conception Catholic Church. The Rev.

Lynn Bruch, associate pastor, will officiate. Burial will be in Calvary Cemetery. Visitation is from 2-9 p.m. today, with the rosary recited at 7:30 p.m., at Ander-son-Perasso Funeral Home. Mrs.

Moran, the former Mary M. Kozlowski, was born July 21, 1905, in Sioux City. She married Lawrence A. Moran on Oct. 10, 1925, in Sioux City.

Mr. Moran died Sept. 13, 1935, in Sioux City. She was a member of Immaculate Conception Catholic Church. Survivors include two daughters, Mrs.

Wallace (Gloria) Brabander of Pierre, S.D., and Mrs. Lois Mieras of South Lake Tahoe, one brother, Frank Kozlowski in Michigan; two sisters, Mrs. Alice budget increase for the Pentagon next year, a far more modest request than in past years that leaves Congress less room for reduction. Democrats oppose the administration's call for reductions in Medicare spending and they support adding catastrophic health coverage positions that worsen their deficit picture. Another possibility is raising the Gramm-Rudman targets to require less deficit cutting, but that would hand the Republicans another opening for attack.

What's left is continued pressure to cut back domestic spending programs, which is the Reagan administration's familiar script. "When (Reagan) refuses to discuss revenues and increases defense spending, he then takes a posture which forces Congress to basically assume some of what he's proposing," Panetta said. Since even elimination of all discretionary domestic spending programs would fall short of balancing the budget, Senate Budget Committee chairman Lawton Chiles, and other Democrats have been trying to get Reagan to sit down at a budget "summit." The request has been rejected, with White House officials labeling the idea as an excuse to bring up tax increases. "Whatever chance there was of getting some movement the Iran affair, it seems to me, blew that possibility just right out of the water," said Norman Ornstein. call phony budgeting, but that does little to ease their problems.

Since Democrats oppose many of his priorities, they must find $61 billion in budget savings of their own, according to the estimates by the nonpartisan Congressional Budget Office. Looking for answers, lawmakers find the administration has left them little room to run before they hit a political land mine. And for many Democrats, the most important number in the budget is the one on the cover: 1988. They fear they would be handing campaign ammunition to the Republicans by moving first on what many say are the only substantive ways to cut the deficits tax increases, military spending cuts or trimming entitlement programs. "There is one horrendous shadow hanging over this whole process the ability of the Republicans and Ronald Reagan to turn those into issues," Panetta said.

House Speaker Jim Wright, D-Texas, has Deen an exception, openly calling for fighting the deficit by delaying tax breaks for the wealthy that were included in the new federal income tax law. But with memories still fresh of Reagan feasting on Walter Mondale's 1984 promise to increase taxes, Wright's bandwagon is nearly empty. And if Congress were to pass a tax boost, no one on Capitol Hill predicts Congress would be able to override an almost certain Reagan veto. Reagan asked for a 3 percent at Blessed Sacrament Catholic Church. Mon-signor John C.

associate pastor, will officiate. Burial will be in Logan Park Cemetery. Visitation is from noon-9 p.m. today, with the rosary recited by the parish at 7 p.m., at Larkin Northside Funeral Home. Mr.

Condon was born Nov. 29, 1905, in Fort Worth, Texas. He came to Sioux City from Chicago with his parents in the early 1900s. He graduated from Central High School and attended the University of Iowa. He married Marie Metz on Oct.

15, 1930, in Sioux City. Mrs. Condon died June 27, 1981, in Sioux City. Mr. Condon was still active in Condon Motor Co.

He was a member of Blessed Sacrament Catholic Church, Sioux City Country Club, and was a very active member of Service Corps of Retired Executives (SCORE). Survivors include one son, Charles H. Condon and two daughters, Mrs. Leonard (Kathleen) Saxe, and Mrs. Patrick (Susan) Feathers, all of Sioux City; and 11 grandchildren.

A memorial has been established in Mr. Condon's name for the Blessed Sacrament School Endowment Fund. Mary Sterling Bakke Mary Sterling Bakke, 82, of Lyme, Conn, and formerly of Sioux City, died Jan. 31 in Connecticut Hospice at Branford after a brief illness. Memorial services will be held at 11 a.m.

Feb. 21, at First Congregational Church in Lyme. Burial was in Grove Street Cemetery under direction of Hawley Lincoln Memorial Funeral Home of New Haven. Mrs. Bakke, the former Mary Sterling, was born March 3, 1904, in Sioux City.

She taught at Quinnipiac College from 1929-1953 and was dean of women part of that time. With her husband, E. Wight Bakke, she co-authored "Campus Challenge, Student Activism in Perspective," and was author of "A Sampler of Lifestyles, Womanhood and Youth in Colonial Lyme." She was a research assistant at Yale University from 1953-1971. She recently completed "Meadowlark Song, Echoes of a Pioneer Childhood, Nebraska Homestead Frontier, 1906-1912." She moved to Lyme from Woodbridge 11 years ago. Mr.

Bakke preceded her in death. She was a founding member of the New Haven Meeting of the Religious Society of Friends and most recently attended First Congregational Church. She had been active in the American Association of University Women, the North End Club, the Woodbridge Recreation Commission, Lyme Historical Society and Lyme Public Hall Association. Survivors include two sons, Karl E. Bakke of Washington, D.C., and William W.

Bakke of Woodbridge; one daughter, Carolyn Bakke Bac-dayan of Lexington, five sisters, Dorothy S. Von Striver of Mountain View, Lois S. Minick of Mariposa, Virginia S. De Raad and H. Klare Sterling, both of Sioux City, and Caryl S.

Lewis of An A is at uiristy morn ingside Funeral Home. Lay Pastor Verle R. Bales, of First Evangelical Free Church, will officiate. Burial will be in Graceland Park Cemetery. Friends may call today and Monday at the funeral home.

Mrs. Foster, the former Eugenia Kifer, was born June 2, 1898, in Bronson. She was a member of the first graduating class of Bronson High School in 1918. She taught school in Moville Township for one year prior to her marriage. She married Allen Foster on Aug.

13, 1919, in Sioux City. The couple lived in the Bronson and Lawton area, then in Mitchell, S.D. for seven years before moving to Sioux City in 1942. She was a member of Morningside Presbyterian Church. Survivors include her husband; two sons, Eldon of Sioux City, and Glenn of Sergeant Bluff; eight grandchildren, and 12 great-grandchildren.

Nora A. Kruse Nora A. Kruse, 88, 5501 Gordon Drive, retired legal secretary, died Wednesday in a Sioux City hospital of i a heart ailment after a short illness. Services will be at 1 p.m. Monday 1 at Christy Morningside Funeral Home.

The Rev. Ronald L. Bunger, pastor of First Presbyterian Church, will officiate. Burial will be in Graceland Park Cemetery. Friends may call from 2-9 p.m.

today at the funeral home. Miss Kruse was born July 16, 1898, in Le Mars and came to Sioux City when she was four years old. She graduated from Central High School and received a bachelor of arts degree from Morningside College. She was executive secretery to Justice and Chief Justice James W. Kindig for 32 years.

She had also served as secretary in two local law firms. She was a member of the American Association of University Woman (AAUW), and a former member of Women's Scholastic Club, Morningside College Honor Scholastic Society, Honor Society of Morningside College, and two national scholastic societies. She had also been an artist for the Central High Record. She had been a member of First Presbyterian Church in Sioux City since 1918. She is survived by three cousins.

Joseph L. Lumphrey Joseph L. Lumphrey, 88, 1223 23rd died Friday in a Sioux City hospital after a short illness. Services will be at 9 a.m. Monday at St.

Joseph Catholic Church with the Rev. John M. Thomas officiating. Burial will be in St. Mary Cemetery at Beardsley, Minn.

Visitation is from p.m. today, with the rosary recited by the parish at 8 p.m., at Larkin Northside Funeral Home. schools may order pupils to pledge allegiance to the U.S. flag, and 50 percent wrongly said public schools may require moments of silence for prayer. Only 41 percent of Americans could identify the Bill of Rights as the first 10 amendments to the Constitution.

The results were based on 1,004 telephone interviews conducted in October and November. The results have a margin of error of plus or minus 3.2 percent. Although only 45 percent could identify by name the landmark Supreme Court case of Miranda vs. Arizona that dealt with suspects' rights, 92 percent knew a person accused of a serious crime who cannot afford a lawyer must be provided with one. Other findings: Forty-nine percent of those surveyed believed incorrectly that the president can suspend the Constitution in time of war or national WASHINGTON (AP) Capitol Hill Democrats, robust after taking control of the Senate, remain frustrated in their desire to counter President Reagan's power over budget and fiscal priorities.

The lawmakers find that instead of handing them an ace, the Iran arms scandal has deflected the pressure that might have forced the White House to compromise on spending cuts and taxes. "I think the basic problem is there's too much else that's going on that draws attention away from the budget issue, namely 'Irangate' and all the issues surrounding that," said Rep. Leon Panetta, D-Calif "I think the Congress probably is very distressed that this has all come up," said Rep. Marvin Leath, D-Texas, a conservative member of the House Budget Committee. "The cold, hard fact is that we're not going to be able to write responsible budgets or establish responsible fiscal policy in the absence of the president." With or without White House help, Congress is confronting the Gramm-Rudman budget-balancing law that says the president must submit and Congress must pass a budget producing a deficit of no more than $108 billion next year.

President Reagan says he's done his part with a budget that meets the goals without a major tax increase, although congressional estimates say he actually missed the budget target by about $30 billion. Democrats have taken the administration to task for what they 2 Carl J. Hedum Ruth Brodine Hedum ARTHUR, Iowa Carl J. Hedum, 85, of Arthur, died Thursday, and Ruth Lorna Brodine Hedum, 74, died Friday as a result of injuries sustained in a car-truck accident at the intersection of Iowa Highway 75 and Ida County Road M32 at Arthur. The couple was married on Jan.

24, 1987, at Wheaton, 111. and made their home in Arthur. Joint services will be at 2 p.m. Monday at Arthur Evangelical Free Church with the Rev. Robert Lund-berg officiating.

Mr. Hedum will be buried in Hayes Township Cemetery south of Arthur. Mrs. Hedum will be buried at 11 a.m. Wednesday with graveside services in Graceland Park Cemetery in Sioux City.

Visitation is after 1 p.m. today at Christensen Funeral Home in Ida Grove with family present from 3-5 p.m. There will also be a memorial service for Mrs. Hedum at 7:30 p.m. Tuesday, Feb.

17, at First Covenant Church, 1315 Indian Hills Drive, in Sioux City. Carl John Hedum was born May 6, 1901, in Soldier. He married Stella Cocks on Feb. 3, 1937, in Des Moines. They farmed in the Soldier area until moving to Arthur in 1967.

Stella Hedum died Feb. 9, 1982, in Ida Grove. He was a member of Evangelical Free Church which he served as deacon and trustee. He served on the Sioux City Gospel Mission Board for 20 years. He had been a vice-president of the mission board until retiring recently, but continued to serve in an advisory capacity.

He also served on the board of Arthur Apartments, was active in the Ida County Historical Society and was a liaison for Senior Citizens to the Iowa State Legislature. He served as mayor of Arthur from 1972-1981, and had also served several terms on the City Council. He is survived by one daughter, Mrs. Robert (Carolyn) Hine of West Chicago, one sister, Mrs. Hazel Lee of Sioux City; one brother, Rudolph of Whiting; and two grandchildren.

Ruth Lorna Brodine Hedum, formerly of 2118 Summit in Sioux City, the" former Ruth Lorna Whitehorn, was born Dec. 14, 1912, in Lawton and grew up and attended schools in Monona County. She came to Sioux City in the early 1930s. She married Milton Brodine on Sept. in Sioux City.

She entered the insurance field in 1961 and, in six years, completed requirements to become a chartered life underwriter (CLU). She later became office manager for Equitable of Iowa, studied for and won the designation of Life Management Institute Fellow. She semi-retired in 1978 and returned to insurance sales after Mr. Brodine died in 1982 in Sioux City. She became associated with Massachusetts Mutual Life Insurance, then studied for and won a diploma and certification as a chartered financial consultant.

She was a member of First Covenant Church which she served as treasurer, office secretary, Christian education teacher and deaconess. Survivors include three sisters, Mrs. Cecil (Lucile) Rainwater of Paradise, Mrs. Harold (Martha) Jacobson of Sioux City, and Mrs. Albert (Edith) Gregerson of Whiting; and one brother, Willis Whitehorn of DeSoto.

A memorial has been established in Mrs. Hedum's name at First Conve-nant Church in Sioux City. Martha Boger DENISON, IOWA Martha Boger, 89, of Denison, died Friday in a Denison hospital. Services will be at 10:30 a.m. Monday at Zion Lutheran Church in Denison with the Rev.

Kurt Kaiser officiating. Burial will be in Westside (Iowa) Cemetery. Visitation begins at 1 p.m. today at Huebner Funeral Home in Denison. Mrs.

Boger, the former Martha Hollander, was born Oct. 6, 1897, in Manilla and attended local schools. She married Ferdinand Boger on Jan. 9, 1918, in her parents' home at Manilla. Mr.

Boger died Dec. 16, 1978. She entered Denison Care Center in 1983.. Funeral Home in Mapleton. Mr.

Kuhlmann was born April 21, 1896, in Austin, Texas. In 1900, he came to Ricketts, Iowa, Soldier Township with his parents. He married Marie Stender on March 27, 1918, in Oto. The couple farmed near Castana until moving to a farm in the Anthon-Oto community. In 1941, they came to the Mapleton community where they lived the rest of their lives, except for two years spent in Hornick.

Since the death of Mrs. Kuhlmann in 1960, he continued living with his son, LeRoy. He was a member of St. John's Lutheran Church in Climbing Hill. Survivors include two sons, LeRoy of Mapleton, and Marvin of Rolfe; one daughter, Mrs.

William (Elfrieda) Lillie of Bronson; one brother, William of Ricketts; one sister, Mrs. Carl (Bertha) Brandenberg of Manilla; 16 grandchildren and 25 great-grandchildren. Ruby Schrader DOW CITY, Iowa Ruby Schrader, 81, of Dow City, died Fri day in a Denison hospital of a heart ailment. Services will be at 10:30 a.m. Tuesday in Dow City Methodist Church with the Rev.

Emmanuel Tabelisma officiating. Burial will be in Onawa (Iowa) Cemetery. At Huebner Funeral Home in Denison, visitation is after 1 p.m. Monday with Eastern Star services at 7 p.m. Mrs.

Schrader, the former Ruby Hale, was born March 5, 1905, in Monona County, Iowa. She graduated from Onawa High School in 1924 and taught rural schools in Monona County for several years. She married Alfred Schrader on March 20, 1926, in Sioux City. They farmed in the Monona County and Dow City area until moving into Dow City in the early 1930s. Mr.

Schrader died in 1961. She was a member of Ally Chapter 497, Order of Eastern Star, American Legion Auxiliary, and the Methodist Church in Dow City. Survivors include one stepdaughter, Genevieve Nichelson of Dow City; one brother, G.R. Hale of Lovington, N.M.; one sister, Menta Courtney of Whiting; five grandchildren and six great-grandchildren. Pearl West KINGSLEY, Iowa Mrs.

Pearl West, 88, of Kingsley, died Friday in a Sioux City hospital. Services will be at 10:30 a.m. Monday at St. Michael's Catholic Church in Kingsley with the Rev. Francis Staber officiating.

Burial will be in St. Michael's Cemetery. Friends may call after noon today at Dickison-Michaelson Funeral Home in Kingsley, where the rosary will be recited at 4 p.m. today by Catholic Daughters and at 8 p.m. by the parish.

Ms. West, the former Pearl B. Franzwa, was born June 12, 1898, in Carroll and grew up in the Carroll area. She married L.B. "Jack" West on Nov.

10, 1917, at Manning. They lived in Manning for 20 years until moving to Kingsley in 1938. Mr. West died May 4, 1968. She was a member of St.

Michael's Catholic Church and its Missionary Society. She was a former member of American Legion Auxiliary at Manning. Survivors include two sons, Merle of Le Mars, and Jack F. of East Moline, three daughters, Mrs. Robert (Carol Jean) Park of Scran-ton, Mrs.

Verlyn (Phyllis) Schmidt of Moville, and Mrs. La Morne Schurtz of Galesburg, 23 grandchildren and 19 great-grandchildren. CONDON Yager of Eden, S.D., and Mrs. Helen Stebbins of Yale, six grandchildren and one great-granddaughter. Gilbert H.

Uehling SOUTH SIOUX CITY Gilbert H. Morris Uehling, 26, 405 Third South Sioux City, died Thursday. Services will be at 2 p.m. Monday in the Community Building at Macy, Neb. Burial will be in the Dakota City Cemetery under direction of Becker-Hunt Funeral Home.

Visitation will be at the Bertha Lasley residence in Macy. Mr. Uehling was born Septl. 14, 1960, in Sioux City. He lived in South Sioux City and attended South Sioux City schools.

He served in the U.S. Army from February of 1985 to August of 1986. He was a laborer. Survivors include one son, Chad, of Houston, Texas; his father, Richard Lasley Sr. of Santee; his mother, Carmen Uehling of South Sioux City; one brother, Melvin Uehling Jr.

of Sioux City; and one sister, Andrea Uehling of Sioux City. The death is under investigation. Lillian M. Kessler, 87, Holy Spirit Retirement Home, 1701 W. 25th died Saturday; Larkin Northside Funeral Home.

Cyril McLaughlin, 92, Countryside Retirement Home, died Saturday; Nelson-Berger Morningside Chapel, Kenneth D. Thompson, 62, Matney Westside Manor, died Saturday; Nelson-Berger Northside Chapel. Dahrlene Turk, 90, 3614 Glenn died Friday; Christy Morningside Funeral Home. emergency. But most of those surveyed, 79 percent and 72 percent respectively, knew a president, acting alone, cannot conclude treaties with foreign nations or send military aid to them.

Eight in 10 knew the Constitution allows states to impose the death penalty, but 68 percent were unaware states also can legalize marijuana within their borders. Only 43 percent knew William H. Rehnquist is chief justice of the United States. Twenty-nine percent thought Warren E. Burger, who retired last year, holds the job.

And 7 percent identified Earl Warren, who retired in 1969, as chief LUKEN MEMORIALS, INC. 204 E. 13th, So. Soo City, NE 494-6948 MONUMENTS MARKERS Jim Newell Tom Sherlock A Deductibles, Co-Payments and Usual and a eenetits hiop feuuuiiun, umitduuna aim Survey indicates too few understand Constitution She was a member of Zion Lutheran Church. Survivors include three daughters, Leonard (Erma) Fretz of Carter Oak, Loretta Boger of Denison, and Mrs.

Vernon (Jenell) Beam of Arion; five sons, Raymond, Clarence, Harry, and Louis, all of Denison, and Leslie of Carroll; two brothers, Bill Hollander of Manilla, and Rudolph Hollander of Denison; one sister, Ida Steinkuehler of Eventide Lutheran Home in Denison; 23 grandchildren; 39 great-grandchildren and seven great-greatgrandchildren. Flossie E. Bright JEFFERSON, S.D. Flossie E. Bright, 95, of rural Jefferson, died Saturday in a Vermillion hospital after a brief illness.

Services will be at 2 p.m. Tuesday at Anderson Funeral Home in Elk Point. The Rev. Donald Greenough will officiate. Burial will be in Memorial Park Cemetery at Sioux City.

Visitation will be from 10 a.m. -10 p.m. Monday, with family present from 7:30 p.m.-8:30 p.m., at the funeral home. Mrs. Bright, the former Flossie E.

League, was born July 20, 1891, in LaSalle, 111. She married Dr. Henry Bright and they made their home in Union County, S.D. Dr. Bright died in the 1940s.

She was a Methodist. She is survived by nieces and nephews. Niles O'dell Johnston ODEBOLT, Iowa Niles O'dell Johnston, 91, of Oedebolt, died Friday in a Sioux City hospital. Memorial services will be at 6:30 p.m. today at Colonial Manor at Odebolt.

The Rev. David Johnson will officiate. Burial will be in Kiron Cemetery at a later date under direction of Christensen Funeral Home of Ida Grove. Mr. Johnston was born April 2, 1895, in Turin.

He married Evelyn A. Lindberg on July 10, 1936, in Odebolt. He had been a railroad employee and a city employee at Odebolt. He retired in 1956. Mrs.

Johnston died March 14, 1965, in Pella. He married Miriam Koehler on July 19, 1968, and they made their home in Odebolt. Survivors include his wife, Miriam; one son, Paul of Webster City; one daughter, Mrs. David (Pauline) Johnson of Bardstown, and three grandchildren. Archie Koster SHELDON, Iowa Archie Koster, 79, of Sheldon, died Thursday in a Sheldon hospital after a long illness.

Services will be at 1:30 p.m. Monday at the Church of Christ in Sheldon. Mr. Clarence Potter will officiate. Burial will be in East Lawn Cemetery.

Visitation is from 7-9 p.m. today at Andringa Funeral Home in Sheldon. Mrs. Koster was born April 17, 1907, in rural Sheldon where he lived his youth and attended school. He married Hattie Willemssen in 1931.

She died in 1948. He married Martha Anderson on Aug. 12, 1957, in Rochester, and they made their home in Sheldon. They purchased a motel which they operated in Sioux City until retiring to Matlock in 1970. They later moved to Autumn Park in Sheldon.

Survivors include his wife, Martha; two sons, Vincent L. of Mesa, and Archie Jr. of Longwood, one daughter, Mrs. Rich (Rosie) Hamlin of Holstein; one stepson, Roger E. Staska of Houston, Texas; two sisters, Mrs.

Sherman (Lucille) Dyke of Sioux City, and Mrs. Ike (Eva) Poldervaard of Spring Valley, 15 grandchildren, three great-grandchildren. Fredrich C. Kuhlmann MAPLETON, Iowa Fredrich C. "Fred" Kuhlmann, 90, of rural Mapleton, died Saturday in a Sioux City hospital after an illness of several months.

Services will be at 10:30 a.m. Monday at St. John's Lutheran Church in Climbing Hill. Pastor Walter Resner will officiate. Burial will be in Oak Hill Cemetery at Anthon.

Visitation is from 2-8 p.m. today at Walter NEW ORLEANS (AP) Too few Americans understand or appreciate the Constitution, concludes a survey that also showed most believe the 200-year-old document makes English the national language. The survey, conducted by the Hearst also indicated that one in four Americans confuse the Constitution's purpose with that of the Declaration of Independence. "The survey uncovered gaps in the public's appreciation of the Constitution what it is, how our system of government functions under it and the personal freedoms it accords," said Hearst President Frank A. Ben-nack Jr.

in announcing the results Saturday at the American Bar Association's national convention. The survey, however, indicated that Americans have a clearer understanding of their rights in the criminal justice system. Among the findings: Despite recent efforts in some states to make English the official language, 64 percent of those questioned wrongly believed the Constitution establishes English as the national language and requires its use in schools and government. While 54 percent knew the Constitution created a federal government and defined its powers, 26 percent thought it was drafted to declare independence from England. Fifty-seven percent of those surveyed falsely believed public fVlOTOil CO.

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1,570,364
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1864-2024