Weekly National Intelligencer from Washington, District of Columbia • 3

WASHINGTON. Liberty and Union, now and fbrever, one and inseparable." THURSDAY, JUNE 28, 186a. war were to take place as often as the progressive presses predict, und to all appearance desire it, the world would hardly ever be at peace. We have already noticed the grand scheme of hostilities lately gotten up, prohahly for stock-jobbing purposes, in which the United States were to be engaged single-handed against the combined Pow- era of Spain, Mexico, and England. Of that story i our wise and observant neighbor, the Alexandria Gazette, speaks in the following appropriate terms A rumor has been in circulation for several days past to the effect that Spain and Mexico have combined for the purpose of making war upon the United States, and that England has guarantied to Spain the possession of Cuba on condition that sla- I very shall be abolished in that island; or, in words, that Great Britain, Spain, and Mexico have entered into a tripartite alliance, offensive and de- i fensive, against this country.

The improbability of such a combination is so gross and palpable that, until the rumor is traced to some reliable and au- theutic source, we look upon it as scarcely entitled to a moment's consideration." The Secretary of the Treasury has issued a cir- I cular confirming the circular instructions of the Treasury Department of June 13th, 1849, in "reference to the liability to tonnage duties of Spanish vessels from the islands of Cuba and Porto Rico on their arrival in the United States." The Postmaster General, and some other officers of the Government, have, we understand, taken quarters in the airy and well-kept Union Hotel in Georgetown, during the hot season. From the Indian letter from Major John C. Henbhaw, of the United States army, dated at Fort Arbuckle on the 15th of May, says that the report of an attack on Fort Arbuckle is untrue. There had not been even the semblance of hostile feeling shown by any of the tribes that have habitually visited the fort since its establishment. The latest accounts from Panama state that the difficulties between Peru and Bolivia were increasing.

The former had sent troops to the southern frontier to cut off the supplies of the latter. The enemies of Bolivia were also collecting a large force on the Buenos Ayres side. The Chilian Minister had boen expelled from Bolivia, and the United States Charg? d'Affaires was the only diplomatic official near the Government. Affairs, it is said, had reachcd a crisis. The Supreme Court of Louisiana has given a decision affirming the constitutionality of an act of the Legislature authorizing the police juries and municipal corporations of the State to impose taxes for subscriptions to the stock of corporations undertaking works of internal improvement.

The New Orleans Picayune of the 14th instant, which reports the decision in full, remarks that? The importance of the decision can hardly bo overstated. So long as the legality of the tax was in question, no matter what might be the confidence of the friends of the improvement system in its final sanction as valid by the highest tribunal, a doubt still hung over it that could not but seriously affect the value in market of the bonds which it hus been found expedient to issue in behalf of the Jackson railroad company, and embarrass the operations of both of the great roads to which the city ordinance establishing the tax pledged so material a part of the capital by which they are to be built The decision of the court, unanimously rendered, has removed the last lingering doubt, and with it the last vestige of opposition to the internal improvement policy of the State." The General Assembly of Riiode Island closed its session at a lute hour on Friday night, to meet in Newport on the third Monday of September next. Twenty-four public acts and resolutions were passed, and thirty-eight petitions granted and acts passed. Tho Providence Journal says The city of Newport was districted for the election of delegates to the Convention. This was done, as in the case of Providence, without regard to the wishes of the people, and with the view of increasing the Radical strength in the Convention.

The large towns of Smithfield and Cranston, which are sure to send out-and-out Radicals to the Convention, were not districted. Thus the large towns in which the Conservative!) have the majority are districted so as to send divided delegations; while the large towns in which the Radicals.have the majority elect by general ticket, and leave the minority no representation. The session was more remarkable fur what was not done than for what wat The oaucuses of the Democratic party, in ever); thing was discussed, are reported to exceedingly stormy; but the Hunkers the day, at least so far tut to postpone the measures that were demanded with so much vehemence. The Judges were not removed, only because the 1 party could not agree upon their successors; the Radi- 1 cals insisted upon Dorr, and the Hunkers utterly refused to agree to him. The proposition to enlarge the suffrage for the election of delegates to the Convention perished in caucus, as did a number of others.

The Hunkers had their own way; at least they succeeded in postponing every thing. Late advices from Hayti report the condition of that country as boing highly prosperous, especially when compared with the misrule and distress of former times. The Government ofr Souloque seems to be well established, and gives evidence of a disposition to advance the prosperity of its subjects. Journal. The St Paul's (Minnesota) Democrat of the 8th instant says Gov.

Gorman has been successful in an interview with the Sioux and other Indians, with the object of securing their removal up the Minnesota river. The Democrat says this is a oonsumtnation which will be hailed with great joy, as it has been the impression that they could not be removed without the aid of military force. LrtjnoR Law case of Wm. II. Greene, of Providence, against the officers who seiied his liquor under the excise law which the Court declared to be unconstitutional, was decided on Monday in the Circuit Court, sitting at Newport, the verdict being for the plaintiff.

Damage $10, which does not carry Tin TiMrKRATVRK of yesterday was the highest of the season. A thermometer in a fair position, in a store on Pennsylvania avenue, with a draught of air passing by it, and otherwise well protected from the rays of the sun, read 97 degrees at 8 o'clock P. M. In one of the pnblic buildings, where the thermometer stood in a current of air, and was entirely protected from reflected heat, it stood at The Charleston papers record the death of Dr. JonN W.

Schmidt, who, with one exception, (as the Courier states,) was the oldest practising physician in that city, he having commenced his profession in Charleston in the year 1B05. He filled at different times various effices of honor and trust, both in the rauniolpal affairs of the city and the Legislature. The Nashville and Chattanooga Railroad Company have been subjected to dnmoges for breaking the leg of a passenger named Massino. The counsel for the plaintiff plead that the accident was the result of of the engineer, and the Jury's verdict seems to have been rendered accordingly. Daniel R.

Clapp has recovered a verdict against the city of Providence (R. for $3,879 in the Circuit Court at Newport. Mr. Clapp fell in the street in a very nlip. pery time last winter, and broke his leg.

He claimed damages on the ground that the city was bound to enforce the law providing for the removal of snow and Ice from the sidewalks. METROPOLITAN RAILROAD. Our subscribers in Upper Maryland and this District will perceive, by the advertisement of the Commissioners in another column, that the books of the Metropolitan Railroad are to be kept open ten days more for subscriptions of stock, and it behooves all who feel the importance of this work now to come forward and give it an efficient support. The charter of thiit road required the unusual amount of one-fourth of the capital stock to be subscribed before the company could be organized. Subscription books were opened on thfe 6th iustant in this District and at the various places in Maryland heretofore named, and were kept open ten days.

On the assembling of the Commissioners yesterday to ascertain the result, the following appeared to be the number of shares taken In Washington 1,806 shares. Georgetown 6,723 Hockville 220 Uagerstown 216 Fredericktown 115 9,080 This left a deficiency of 920 shares to make up the required number of ten thousand to authorize the organization of the Company; and therefore, agreeably to the provisions of the charter, it became necessary to reopen the books for further subscriptions. We have been much disappointed at the result of this first step in an important national and no less important local work. We will not speak of the apparently small interest evinced in it by the people of those counties through which it is destined to pass, and to be so benefioial. They may have been influenced by the uncertainty which necessarily as yet rests on the precise route of the road; aud, after that shall have been determined, will very probably manifest a much more liberal disposition towards it.

But in this city of forty thousand inhabitants, eighteen hundred shares are much below what ought to have been taken. There are a number of persons in the city who could conveniently take thp deficient amount of stock who lwvc not taken a single yet whose whole interest in life is bound up in the stability and prosperity of the place, and who eannot but admit that no work of the kind ever appealed more directly and strongly to local considerations than the accomplishment of the Metropolitan llailroad does to the local interest of the city of Washington. We hope that they will show a due appreciation of this interest by at once putting their shoulders manfully to the wheel. As for Georgetown and her people, their spirit in the good work deserves all praise. They have shown that corporations have souls, anjKthat the soul of the Corporation nobly expresses the spirit of its constituents.

The New Orleans papers of the 15th instant contain the story of a contemplated servile insurrection in that city, which has been extensively circulated in the Telegraphic columns of most of our contem- poraries, and which, as wo placed no confidence in the report, we declined to publish. The story itself possesses no interest. It is the coinage of a half- I crazed negro, who was arrested for some misde- I meanor; and we only allude to it now to say that the New Orleans press, without an exception, pronounces it to have been a gross imposture, destitute alike of truth and common sense. Great Britain (says the Boston Journal) has a peculiar motive for seeming at least to protect and rescue the Ottoman Porte, in whatever emergence. Mahommedanism exerts important influence in India, and must be propitiated.

An English publicist observes By abandoning Turkish independence and trust we should convert every Oriental follower of the Prophet into the deadliest of our Eastern enemies. It is greatly to the tradition and proved Mahommedan belief in English sympathy that we owe those Egyptian facilities to our Indian intercourse which are now part of our Indian system. We therefore conncct the maintenance and integrity of the Turkish Empire with the preservation of our Indian Empire. To allow the overthrow of the Portt would be to agitate Mahomoiedanism in its profoundest depths and remotest localities." Annual Examination at West annual examination of the Cadets at the Military Academy, West Point, took place last week. The following arc the names of the First Class, who received diplomas QENKRAL MERIT BOLL Or FIRST CLASS, JINK, 1853.

1. Jas. B. McPhereon, O. 27.

B. F. Chamberlain. N.Y. 2.

Win. P. Craighill, Va. 28. J.

11. Edson, at large. 8. Joshua W. Sill, 0.

29. Thos. Wilson, at large. 4. William B.

Boggs, 80. Wm. H. Lowe, Iowa. 5.

F. J. Shank, at large. 81. J.

H. Chambliss, jr. Va. 6. Wm.

8. Smith, O. 32. Wm. McE.

Dye, Ohio. 7. John M. Schofield, 111. 88.

II. B. Davidson, Tenn. 8. Mat.

M. Blunt, N. Y. 84. Philip II.

Sheriden, O. 9. Thomas llight, la. 85. William A.

Webb, Me. 10. George B. Bissel, Mo. 80.

John L. Gratten, N. II. 11. Thomas M.

Vincent, O. 87. Elmer Otis, Ohio. 12. y.

C. tiymonds, Mass. 88. Alfred E. Latimer, 8.C.

18. JohnS. Bowen, Qa. 89. BenjaminF.

Smith, N.J. 14. George Bell, Md. 40. Silas P.

Higgins, Ala. 15. James D. Bums, jr. 111.

41. llenry II. Walker, Va. 1G. William B.

Terrill, Va. 42. Edmund C. Jones, la. 17.

Lewis 11. Pelouze, Pa; 48. Alex. Chambers, N. Y.

18. Owen F. Solomon, Ga. 44. John B.

Hood, Ky. 19. L. H. L.

Livingston, N.Y. 45. Jas. A. Smith, at large.

20. Bich'd C. Duryea, N.Y. 46. Bobert F.

Hunter, O. 21. J. G. Chandler, Mass.

47. Thomas M. Jones, Va. 22. Bobert 0.

Tyler, Conn. 48. A. H. Plummer, Pa.

28. W. Jenkins, at large. 49. J.

B. Mclntyre, Texas. 24. N. B.

Sweitzer, Pa. 50. Lucius L. Bich, Mo. 25.

James L. White, Fla. 51. Beuben R. Boss, Tenn.

20. Benjamin Allston, S. 52. William Craig, la. The diplomas were formally delivered to the graduates on Friday evening, in the Chapel, with a good deal of ceremony, in the presence of the Board of Visiters.

Hon. Kb5neth RaTXRR, of North Carolina, then delivered an address to tho Cadets. In the evening a grand ball was given by the graduating class at Cnzzens's Hotel. NoN-IrrtRVRSTioa Europkah Affairs is to be the policy of the Pierce it was the policy of Mr. the following from Saturday's Union," in an article about Switzerland, Is authoritative: The principle which excludes armed intervention by the United States in the contests of Europe, except in a case of necessity so stern as to fall within the range of self-protection, may be regarded as settled." This is a decided blow to Kossuthism, from a quarter that we remember sympathized somewhat largely with that gentleman's notions of "intervention," when it wus thought popular and expedient to ride that hobby before a Presidential York Kxprtm.

FOREIGN ITEMS. Not half a century ago, in England, the cases of capital punishment amounted in a single year to a hundred and twenty. In there were inly nine, and all for murder. Louis Philippe's Spanish pictures yielded at tho sale by auction in London tweaty-eight thousand unds sterling. A coroner's verdict of manslaughter against the Chairman and Superintendent of the Southwestern railway, in England, was found last week for the death of an individual run over by the special train.

The suspension bridge just finished over the Rhone, at Paicy, in the canton of Geneva, gave way, and fell with a tremendous crash while undergoing its last trial. Sewn bodies were taken out of the river, and others were seriously wounded. Only a few minutes before thoacoident took place the Council of 8tate of Geneva, with General Dufour, and other notabilities ol the city, crossed the bridge, and'on the previous day a battalion of soldiers marched over It. iHTvriuitvns allowing is a correct vera ion of the latent uew-f from Kurope, mostly embodied in a Telej graphic dopatch published yesterday It in announced that the split in the English Cabinet between Lord John Rlsseu. and the Irish members holding office hud been healed up.

Mutual explanations i having taken place between the three gentlemen (Messrs. Monsell, Keogh, and Sadlier) who had resigued the offices they filled and the Eurl of Aur.Rur.KN, their resignations I bad been withdrawu. When the Humboldt the impressiou had gained ground, both in London and Paris, that although the peror of Russia might make some demonstration against I Turkey by menuoing, or even by crossing the Dunubean frontier, yet that actual hostilities would be avoided by a diplomatic settlement of the -iiiestion. Telegraphic despatches from Vienna state that the llussiau forces had already commenced their march towards Moldavia and Walluchia. The fourth army corps had also been ordered from St.

Petersburgh, to proceed from Warsaw by forced marches to Bessarabia, a Russian province adjoining Mol1 davia. The Turks, on the other hand, were not idle, and were preparing for a vigorous resistance. The Egyptian 1 fleet and an army of 80,000 men were proceeding to the support of the Sultan, whilst the Turcoman chiefs wore raising 100,000 men, free of expense to the Porte, for the defence of Islamism. Notwithstanding these portentous signs, it was generally thought peace would be preserved. The mediation of Austria and Prussia was spoken of.

The most recent intelligence, however, is that published in a third edition of the Times of the 7 tb instant, to the I efTect that the Emperor of Russia had dispatched a courier from St. Petersburgh to Constantinople with a demand that Prince Mjsxbcujkoff's last proposal should be ac? cepted by the Porte within eight days. This fact the Times does not deem unfavorable to a pacific solution of the dispute. We copy its speculations on the subject, as published on the 8th instant: The fact, wbich we were enabled to state yesterday in a third edition, that a courier had been dispatched from St. Petersburgh to Constantinople with a demand that Prince Menschikoff's last proposal should be accepted by the Porte within eight days, is, on several accounts, of great importance, and it is, we think, less unfavorable to a pacific solution of this dispute than it might ut first sight I appear to be.

In the first plnce, it proves that the Russian Government has not proceeded on the first intelligence of Prince Menschikoff's failure to adopt belligerent measures, either by sending the fleet from Sevastopol to the Bospho! rus, us Mr. D'Israeli and Lord llarwicke had anticipated, or by directing the army of Bessarabia to cfoss the PrutL. On the contrary, the dispatch of another courier is a 1 fresh proof that the system of temporization and hesitation which Prince Menschikoff had begun is still pursued by the Emperor Nicholas himself. If his chief been to pick a quarrel, there would be no need to prolong these preliminaries, and the Court of St. Petersburgh cannot be ignorant that every week and everyday that passes is an immense loss of its own opportunities and influence, while it iacreases the confidence of Turkey in the combined support of the rest of Europe.

But it appears, further, that this courier is to insist on the acceptance of Prince MenschikofTs last proposal. That proposal, we believe, is not identical with the convention so haughtily demanded on the 5tlj of May; on the contrary, subsequently to that date, and just before leaving Constantinople, the Russian Envoy addressed a last communication to Redschid Pachu considerably less objectionable in form, though still not acceptable to the Turkish Government in substance. If, after all, the demand made upon the Porte can be satisfied by a declaration of good will towards all its Christian subjects, and if this declaration be addressed, not to Russia alone, but to all the great Powers which are interested in the welfare of the East, there is no reason that such a declaration should not be made, for it would further establish that policy which the Turkish Government has already resolved to pursue, and it would demonstrate that Russia has no peculiar claim whatever to be considered the guarantee or security of the immunities of the Christian population. "As the question has now again assumed the form of diplomatic negotiation, we think it by no means improbable that some such mode may be found to enable the Russian Government to tscape from the consequences of its arrogant pretensions and its recent defeat. We are further corroborated iu this opinion by the circumstance that Count Nesselrode (the same, we presume, who accompanied Prince Menschikoff to Constantinople) has arrived in London and we take this occurrence to be a strong additional proof thut the Emperor Nicholas is, on all accounts, much more disposed to recourse to negotiation than to arms.

Meanwhile, the lauguage held by all the other Governments of Europe is firm, united, and energetic; that of Austria more so than we had ventured to anticipate, though not more so than her peculiar position required; that of France temperate and consistent with the general interests and decision of Europe. Upon the whole, therefore, we are confirmed in the hope simply recoil upon its authors, and, unless some fresh cause of dissension should arise, it seems not improbable that tbe Russian Government will, under the show of insisting on its claims, accept such terms as Turkey may offer in conjunction with the other Powers of Europe. They, on their Bide, are interested in 'not adding to the difficulties of the question." TLe British Mediterranean fleet had sailed from Malta for the Dardanelles, and the English Channel fleet bad been ordered to the Mediterranean. The French fleet had arrived in Besica Bay. The weather in England was very genial, and most favorable for the growing crops.

(Commodore Vanderbilt's steamship yacht, the Xorth Star, was exciting great attention at Southampton. She had been thrown open to public view, admission being obtained by tickets issued at the American Consulate. Crowds of people availed themselves of the facility, and appeared greatly gratified by the sight of this magnificent specimen of naval American architecture. On the 2d instant the ratification of the treaties for the renewal of the Zoll-Verein were exchanged at Berlin. Piedmont has sustained a severe loss by the death of Count Balbo, President of the Council, which took place on the 3d.

The returns of the Board of Trade published on the 7th instant showed that during the month ending May 5th the value of exports from Qreat Britain exceeded by the corresponding month of 1852. The Earl of Dekbt was installed as Chancellor of OxI ford University on ftie 7th instant. The steamer Niagara has arrived at Halifax with Liverpool dates of the 11th. The prevalence of a storm at the North prevented the transmission of the political news. There had been no change in the markets, worth noticing, from what was reported 1 yesterday.

DEATH OF A MEMBER OF C0N0KE3S. We have learned with feelings of deep that the Hon. Thomas M. Bibiguacsc, member of Congress from this district, died at his residence in Lebanon on Saturday evening last. Mr.

Bihighause was a gentleman of sound practical talents, of high and unbending integrity, of pure and elevated morality, and of christian fortitude and. philanthropy. He was most excellent and worthy citizen, a firm and jealous friend, a pure patriot, and a faithful representative of the interests of his constituents. As a husband and father he had no superior. He has died lamented, as he lived respected, and years will not efface his memory from the minds of those who knew him or were acquainted with his worth.

Jlarrisburg (Pa.) Ttlrgraph. DKPARTrRR or tiib regret tolenrn that it has been determined that the British frigate Leander shall not return to this port after her departure next week for Halifax. One of the principal reasons for this change of purpose id the frequent desertions of her men, twenty-five of whom have already escaped and the lack of undisputed powers to reclaim them in this port. Two were seen from the deck of the frigate on board of an American vessel the other day, on which they had shipped far a foreign port. The officers did not wish to compromise tho peaceful and friendly objects of the mission by sending for them, and to protect themselves from further losses, it has been deemed tke troublesome course to leave the York Poit.

newspapers around the country are recording deaths from sun-stroke and drinking cold water I while the blood is heated with exercise. The mid-day i sun should be avoided as much as possible, and cold water should be drCtak sparingly. Thers never was any party, faction, sect, or cabal whatsover in which the most ignorant were not the most violent; for a bee is not a busier animal than a blockhead. (v WEEK LATER FROM CALIFORNIA. Nkw Jlmk Tk? Crucent City, from Aspiuv all, ha? arrived, bringing one week's later intelligence cm Ban Franciaco, her being to Muv 23d.

She bi ngb about $500,000 gold. The niuing accounts are of t'le most favorable charitcter, lli yield tliia summer promising to oxceed that of any fo ner season. Agricultural pr ospecta were tiue, and the fraii of graiu would be abundant. The egislatufe adjourned sine die en the 19tb. Gov.

Viuuta iad been authorized by the Legislature to organize a of armed meu to go in pursuit of the Indian obber Joaquin. The lection riot reported to hare taken place at Ban Francii 10 just as the Sierra Nevada left her wharf, turns out to ave been only a fight between two steamboat runners, ii which knives and pistols were used. Date from Oregon arc two weeks later. The miners in Sou Oregon are doing well. Provisions were plenty ud low.

At Francisco business had beeu active, with large demand frum Oregon and the interior. I'riccs were tending downward, owing to the accumulating stocks. Flour Mess pork $23 bacon 23 a 24 cents lard butter 35 cents. CONNECTICUT AND AFRICAN COLONIZATION. Mi IIawlky Olmsted, from the joint select committee of th Connecticut Legislature on so much of the Governor's sente message as relates to African Colonization, has prea report and resolutions highly favorable to the enterprise, and recommending an appropriation of one thou; md dollars to aid thfi removal of colored inhabitants of unecticut who may desire to emigrate to Liberia.

We qust the resolutions will pass. We have no doubt that they express the general sentiment of the people of Coniicticut. We annex the closing part of the report, together with the resolutions: A retreat haH been found near the equator, the native home of the race, comprising a territory of tweuty thousand square miles, admitting of indefinite extension into the interior, as the exigencies of the people may require. From the humblest beginnings, formed of materials the most feeble and helpless, nursed by private charity, exposed to aggression from every ruthless marauder, and protected only by Almighty Love, Liberia has escaped the perils of her infancy. She has even the spirit to call herself a State, an independent Republio, and the proudest monarchies of Europe have enrolled her among the nations.

Schools and churches adorn her towns and villages; the atrocities of the slave trade have ceased within her borders thousands of the emancipated exult in the blessings of freedom, and astonished Africa beholds a of things inaugurated upon her shores. Let the student of history find, if he can, in the records of the race, a parallel, in all its issues, or higher proof of the guiding presence of llim who hath chosen the weak things of the world to confound the mighty. Liberty inviteMhe return of the exiled to the home of their ancestors, to sharqthe blessings of her free institutions and ennobling to be rivalled only, we trust, by the empire of the wfst. To a country so in-ylting is it not wise and humane policy to direct the attention of the colored race in this State? It has been that here they can never rise to a social or equality. Call this prejudice, or patriotism, or philosophy, the fact is certain.

Recent ef- forts to break sentiment have resulted in their greater depression, and their political enfranchisement has been refused bj a vote of about four to what justice or policy Ue committee will not affirm. What hope then that this unfortunate people can ever be constitute an integral part of the States The colviction that this is impossible, they are to remain a degraded caste, has sunk into the depths of their hearts, juenching every noble aspiration, repressing every manly effort, and crushing their spirits to the earth. the last decade their number diminished more than five fvr cent. To pine away among us in neglect and hopekss inferiority, with increasing alienation of spirits, seems Jo be their destination. With these before them, the committee recommended an appropriation, believing that, in the language of his Excellenoy, Ihe countenance and support of public bodies is what is waited at this time to give moral force and power to a fl-oject of vast importance to the civilized world." All which, with the accompanying resolutions, is respectfully sulmitted Itenoltwl by TAis Assembly, That one thousand dollars be and the same hereby appropriated from the trearury of the State, to aid iijthe removal of such colored persons, inhabitants of this State, cf industrious habits, and a good moral charac- ter, as may cbose to emigrate to Liberia, in Africa, under the superintendence and direction of the American Colonization Society.

litmulerd, That the Governor of this be and he is hereby constituted and appointed commissioner to select from among the applicants for aid such as he may deem moat deserving aad he is hereby authorized to pay to the order of the trsasarer the American Colonization Society fifty dollars upon due notice of Iris or her embarkation and the nptrollor of public accounts also hereby authorized to draw an order on the treasurer of this State in favor of said commissioner for a sum not exceeding one dollars for the use of said society. A DEFENCE OF THE AH AN THUS TKEE. rOB THE NEW YORK EVERIXO POST. In your paper of the 17tb instant you devote a paragraph to the ailanthus tree. You say: "For several years past, at the flowering season of thb tree, hare been complaints made that the odor was detrimental to health." You continue: One thing is certain that worms do not infest the nilanthus, and its foliage remains on the boughs till fall, while other shade trees are entirely de4 vourodby the vermin long before the summer is past." You finally remark The question whether the odor of the ailanthus is uoxious has never been settled by the physicians." That the odor emitted from the sweetixh chloride of lime unpleasant, there exists but one opinion; but it lasts for a few days only.

I would defend the tree against the prejudice which has been produced against it. Its odor being detrimental to health" 1 believe to exist in the minds only of those sensitive individuals whose acute olfactory sense overbalances the equi. librium of the sensorium, as that of Henry the Fourth was overcome by the odor of a rose and several other notables are on record with their peculiar idiosyncratic antipathies. With regard to the beautiful ailanthus tree, it is certain I that no noxious influences have ever been observed upon nurserymen raising these trees, or upon their families or i their neighbors, where hundreds ef these trees have been set out to supply the onco great demand for them. As you observe, no worm eats their foliage, as they do thatof other trees.

1 will add to this fact that you will find no dead the ailanthus tree, whilst an abundance of dead flies may be observed (as the season advances) on the pavement in every street beneath other trees. On the oontrary, flies appear to give preference to the ailanthus tree, and where the ailanthus tree is near to the house it i will be found that they in an eminent degree prevent, by their attraction, the domicil visit of these domestic annoysneex. 1 Iwslieve the tree to possess medicinal virtues; my experiments of which I shall publish in the proper quarter of the medical press. An unnecessary prejudice has been produced against this beautiful and graceful shade-tree, which has killed its good insomuch fto that even my friend, Oca. George T.

Morris, the author of Woodman, ppare that tree," has concluded (if he has not already done so) to cut down two of these trees, of most magnificent dimensions, and situated in the very heart of a autiful grove, I on his grounds nt Cold Springs. I have had these trees close to my windows for years, and have found them innoxions and only unpleasant for a few days when they commence flowering. Very respectfully, A. C. CASTLE, D.

New York, Jure 18, 1863. Novel and Great correspondent of the Boston Boe sends the following account of a safety car, the result of his ingenuity: The on which the passengers sit arc to rest on 1 pistons, which pistons are to play into' cylinders, which cylinders are to be charged with gunpowder, which gunpowder is to be touched o(T with percussion caps and ham- mers, which caps and hammors are to be all united by rods, which rods are to be so connected to the engine and ears that whenever any collision, obstacle, switch, draw- bridge ooenrs, or whenever the engineer or fireman or conductor shall see fit, all the aforesaid may be iischarged at once, firing up the high nnd 1 I dry into tho sir, through the top of the cars, instead of ijeing drowned or dashed to pieces in them. It will be necessary that the top of the car. Instead of being covered with boards, should bo covered with thin cloth or canvass, through whioh any human head of ordinary thickness, or skull, will penetrate with perfect ease, I would also suggest, as a further improvement, that a nararhute be placed directly over the head of every pa ssenger, so that, In being fired up through the top Into the stmosphere, he will find himself provided with one of those convenient little articles used by all for descending to the ground from any COLORED SEAMEN AT CHARLESTON HUM iui cttABLISTOa COUKIKH OP MONLAT. lint of Metkhtn Hokrrtn if, Yatee, thcrifT of gratified leawi, utt entirely reliable (listt the imiieWt has h.nl the good sense and ferliiiu of this cane, Instituted by tlio British bul iu thin city, Mr.

to try the constitution lity and validity of our police law iu relation to free Colored seamen, coots, und stewards coming from a Jter or foreign State into the ports of South Carolina. The case had reached the stage of an appeal to the Suprefcne Court of the United States from the verdict of a jury sustaining the constitutionality of the law, under a charge pf his honor Judge Gilchuist to that effect. We had time since learned on Senatorial authority that Mr. CbamiV ton, the British Minister at Washington, had that Mr. Matukw was proceeding against the wishes without the sanction of the British Government.

This now fully continued, as we learn tbat the instructions to withdraw the suit emanate from, or Lave been transmitted through, Mr. Chajipton. We hail this pacific, friendly, and consideVate course on the part of Great Britain as an augury of good; und, as an example, it ought not be loBt on the people of our Northern and Western sister States. If Great Britain, in all the majesty of her power, and iu all her anti-slavery feeling, yields to the necessity of our police law, surely our sister States should not be behind her either in justice or iu comity. On the other hand, this wise and friendly step of the British Government should react on ourselves, and induce us so to modify the existing taw as to render it less offensive to foreigners, and to substitute a kind of curfew or some other system for the present unwise and impolitic one.

Colored cooks, stewards, and seamen are now locked up in jail, as soou as they arrive in our city, until the vessels in which they came are ready for sea and, in the mean time, malcontent with supposed ill-treatment, they are allowed to hold intercourse with our slaves left in jail for sale or committed there for crime. The impolicy of the law is patent on its faoe, and needs no argument to show it. Let us then yield, in our turn, and, as well for our own good as in courtesy to other and nations, substitute a curfew or some other system for the present plan of personal incarceration without crime. Let it be made a law either that after the ringing of tho curfew, (i. e.

of our first night bell,) or At any other time, no free colored cook, steward, or seaman shall be on shore without a permit, specifying its object, from either the master or first mate of his vessel, or from the Mayor or any Alderman. THE LIQUOK LAW IN CONNECTICUT. The question of enacting a 44 Maine Law is before the Legislature of Connecticut. A majority of the committee to which the subject was referred have taken ground against the measure iu a report concluding as follows A law similar to that of the State of Maine is inconsistent with all the general principles that protect persons, property, possession, and domicil; is inconsistent with the progress of liberty and free institutions in our republican nation is at best of doubtful constitutionality or expediency; is subject to extensive abuse for the gratification of private malice, or the fanatical notions of coercive moral reformers; is not enjoined by any constitutional obligations to make such a statute and cannot obtain the general acquiescence or support of the community in its enforcement; that therefore it is calculated to unsettle the rights of property, the observance and respect for wholesome and just laws, and to bring into discredit the constitution, the laws, and the judicial tribunals, without offering uny practical and certain benefits which are not better secured by laws made in accordance with those settled convictions of fundamental rights which have so long made the citizens of this eminent and venerable Commonwealth a law-respecting and a law-abiding people." In accordance with these views, the majority have submitted a resolution declaring that no legislation is called for on the subject, while the minority have presented a Maine law bill. The steamship Golden Age," having been unavoidably detained, in consequence of the failure at the foundry to finish the machiuery in the time agreed upon, will be positively dispatched on tho 15th day of August.

See advertisement. SEBiors this on Wednesday night, a man by the name of Conoly, and his wife, came near losing their lives from an explosion of camphine. He had purchased a barrel; on taking it to his yard he discovered that it contained a portion of oil, which he drew in a crock. His wife, to ascertain the quantity, approached the crock with a candle, when the fluid ignited, and, communicating with the barrel, it exploded Vith a loud reports. A stave or part of the barrel struck Mrs.

1 Conoly on the head, cutting the scalp loose from the side i and leaving the skull bare. She had prompt medical at. tendance, and the wound is not supposed to be very dangerous, unless inflammation of the brain should be caused by the "hock. Miraculously, Mr. Conoly escaped Republican.

A day or two since some thirty or more aborigines bf i the Onondaga tribe, consisting of Indians, squaws, and pappooses, having heanl in some way of the monument I of Looas in the Fort Hill Cemetery, Auburn, (N. went to that place to satisfy their curiosity, and visited the grounds to see the monument erected by the pale faces to the memory of an Indian Chief. They stayed around the towering pile for an hour or more. They gazed with their stoic looks and unmoved countenances on that token to the memory of one of their kind, and undoubtedly secretly felt a national pride that the Great Spirit had prompted the present generation of pale faces to an act commemorative of an Indian brave whose name is identified with aboriginal greatness. Railroad is reported by telegraph from Chi- I cago that the suit by the Northern Indiana Railroad Company against the Illinois Central Company, to prevent their crossing the track at the place where the late collision occurred, has been decided in favor of the Northern Indiana Company.

The Court required the Central Company to apply at once for commissioners to determine the manner of crossing, and in the mean time the Central Company is required in all cases to give the cars of the Northern Indiana Company the preference and priority at the crossing. The Central Company have given the stipulations required by the order of the Court. General or the the Farisian miscellaneous items in the Courrier des Etuts Unis we learn that tbo general congregation of the Jesuits is to meet on the 21st of June instant, and proceed to the election of a new General of the Jesuits, in the place of the reverend father Roothaan, lately deceased. The general is elected for life, and the powers with which he is clothed by the ye more considerable than those conferred by any other religious order. Until this election takes place the Jesuit Society is governed by the reverend father Fierling, assistant for Germany, whom the reverend father Roothaan at an early stage of his sickness appoint- cd vicar general.

A OAvr or Asses' milk to nou- fickly genius. Lnlxtrt The wooing by which Nature is won. Rtr: A stinging ire on human "civilisation." rmgr: Quenching your thirst with brandy. A quette adored by inferior and endured fcy superior. Lrttrr: A messenger whom we never to see return.

The dirty road on which revenge travels. Mowy: An altar on which self sacrifices to self. Real Kstatk in New Mirror of Wednesday says: A large amount of real estate was sold yesterday, belonging the late G. G. and S.

8. Howland. The house known os the Lyccum building, Broadway, was purchased'for the sum of Ten lots on 24ih street, between 5Ui and Oth avenues, including a portion of what is now the Hippodrome, each 26 by 90 feet, brought together Mr. Mounot, of the New York Hotel, was the purchaser. A single lot adjoining the above was purchased for the sum of one on the same lot, fronting 23d street, brought These were also bought by-Mr.

Monnot, who now owns the entire square. Tiirtk is the Chekokek Sunday night last an Indian, by the name of Jack Vann, was killed on the opposite side of the river from this place, by another Indian named Nitts, son of Big Nitts. ()n Monday, about three o'clock, the coffin was taken over from town to the place where the corpse was, and while the friends of the murdered man were placing his body in the coffin, a quarrel sprung up between Big Nitl." ami Lewis Vann, the brother of the deceased. Vann shot down Big Nitts, killing him instantly, and attempted to escape, but wits pursued by the nephew of Nitts into the house of Mrs. Vann, widow of Mr.

W. L. Vann, when Lewis Vann turned upon his pursuer and shot him dead. In less than two minutes he killed two men. making three murdered men lying, as it were, all together, a horrid spectacle to behold by any civilized person.

Fort Smith Herald, 4. happiness is of a r. tired natnrc and an enemy to pomp and noise: it arises, in the first place, from the enjoyment of one's self, and, in the nest, from the friendship and conversation of a few select companions. False happiness, loves to be in a erosrd, and to draw the eyes the world npon her she does not receive snf satisfaction from the applause which she given Herself, bat from the admiration which shv raises MEETING OF TljE COMMISSIONERS OF metropolitan railroad. of ll.

1pt W1 of Georgetown 1 unci W. L. Qaither of of M1111 i of the Of Commisj being unable to Attend, Fbajic. Dowi, was appointed Secretary. ap subscription frum all the places at which books were opened for reccing stock, except Boouaborough, being laid before the Com missioned, it appeared that the whole number of aharw subscribed was nine thousand and uyKty.

Whereupon it appearing that ten thousand shares of the capi, tal stock of said company had not been subscribed, as I required by the charter before proceeding to call the 'stockholders together for organizing the company, it was )n obedience to the fourth section of said charter': ilfrTm th? again openT the Jrd of June instant to Saturday, the 2d day i oTJnly next, both inclusive, at the same places and under direction of the same Commissioners and officers that appointed for the first opening of said beoks of subscription and that publio notice thereof be given in the stiBral papers designated by the Commissioners by their Fostlutioo of the 18th of May last. Aetolied, That, for the purpose of ascertaining the amounts bo subscribed, and for such further proceedings as may then devolve on the Commissioners, the said Commissioners named in the act will meet again at the Union on Tuesday, the 5th day of July next, at 12 o'clock at which meeting the books ot subecrijKions, or certificates of the said Commissioners to be Kucid1116 am0Unl3 "pecteJ JSStt veritied the sigFsakow Duwit, 8EAT0N' STERLING SENTIMENTS. I rROM Taw STAVHTOX (va.) MJCSSKKOBK Distiny What is strange infatuation seeras to have seixed upon the minds of the people of this country in regard to its "manifest destiny." The opinion has obtained among the mass, and spread itself through the various of society, that it is the "destiny' of this country to free all the nations of the earth. I he voice of reason, of experience, and of history is nnheeded, and passion and fanaticism go brawling over the Well, we are a great people, no donbt about it. With the germ of a population in 1776 of three millions of sou Is, spread over a comparatively small territory, we ave grown to be a great nation of twenty-six millions of people occupying a territory almost boundless in extent.

And this, too, in the short space of seventy-seven years! tbcre eTer before, in the history of the world, growth 80 rftPid History tells us of none, and tradition stands confounded. It has sprung up as if by magic. The fabled Aladdin's lamp never produced such wonders. Like a huge colossus, it in majestic proportions before the eyes of all nations and kindreds and tongues, and by thousands bids them come and partake of freedom's hospitable banquet. But great as it unquestionably is, free as we all acknowledge it to be, is there no danger Is there no fear that by recklessness we may plunge our country and its free institutions into utter and irretrievable ruin We think there is.

Does not the voice of history speak upon this subject And what does it say In deep mournful accents it speaks from the tomb of the past, Beware, beware thus far canst thou go, but no farther." Like causes produce like effects and all history abounds with the fact that no nation has been able to maintain its freedom and integrity that has extended its dominion over so many diverse interests as some of our reckless politicians desire to see embraced in the limits of this Union. Extending now from the St. Croix upon the north to the Rio Grande upon the south, from the pine-clad shores of the great Atlantic upon the east to the golden-skirted banks of the majestic Pacific upon the west, it embraces I ry variety of soil and climate, every production that can administer to the taste or happiness of man, and every element that can go to make up a powerful and independent nation; yet before this domain" has become half peopled, before one-tenth of its vast terri; tory has been subdued and rendered subservient to use we have among us those who, never satisfied with whu IJT tbBt kD0W aot spirits that would rather "rule in hell than serve in all the while about our manifest destiny," if they vain men the destinies of this great oountry. Flibustiers, or Filibusters, seem now to have he reins in the councils of our country, and, unless curbed in their mad career by the up-rising of the great con; ervati ve element of the land, our ship of statfmust be int? It is not enough that we are free and happy It not enough that we yet have room for eipansion for a thousand years of pcace; it is not enough that we have a hotae for the oppressed and downtrodden of all nations who may desire to come and live among us these things are an a9 noth.ng; our manifest destiny" leads to dtmt more, and more we must hare, despite of reason judgment, every thing. Cuba must be annexed, Mexico must swing into the rear, and Canada and the lands of old King Kamehameha must surrender to the strides of King Progress." Our trade demands it.

Our trade! Oh, what a time we will have when all the world and the "rest of mankind shall become democratic, and safely housed under Uncle Sam's and oar trade is unfettered But, -eriously, have we not enough to do at home Have we half developed the vast resources of this favored land Have we educated our children, provided for our poor, and removed the stumbling-blocks from the paths of our fellow-beings, over which thousands of our kindred have stumbled into an untimely grave and a probable bell Have we bound our country together in the stronr embraces of iron Have we fostered commerce and manu factures, and made our country in fact what it is claimed to be, the greatest country in the world? We opine not. But Cuba is in oor way; Mexico is in our way the Hawaii are our way Canada and Japan soon will b. our way Oh, what a great fellow this Jonathan is, to be sure! Stand out of the way, alfye nations, and give elbow-room Yon all stand in his way I The interests of Am demand that you should stand aside: "manifest destiny" says, "Get out of the way." METROPOLITAN hailroad. Pr nfSi a Board of Commissions? uTi of thl y0P? in conformity to the thf WWnturo tbo MaryUnd. at unT7.i*',!UO? "An net to incorporate th! Railroad Company," notice it hereby girrn by the said that shares of stock I having been taken, as required by grftd art fur the orKannation of the company, the books for receiving subicrin to tho capital stock of the said Metropolitan I Company will be reopened on Wednesday, the J2d June inmnt, and be kept open from the said 22d dav of the 2d day or July, inola.ive, fr-m the h.ur of oVi A.M.

to th- hour of 2 o'clock P.M. on said dar. It Ji 1 and1 un ler the direction, of the persons, heretj by public for thai datr. By order of th? CoistniniioBCfs I Fsascis Donor, Secretary. W' SEAT0N' Chairman.

The National Intelligoneer. the Union and ih? vn. Washington; the Advocate, wn DO Sun n.ltimorc, will tisement tunes a week till 5.1 i M-f nal, Uookville, Montgomery county fh, rT 1 the Kx.mlaer, Frederick tbo ffitln the Odd Keltnw It.w.n.k "Wjeiin tr Middletown: he and Torchlight; he II "town Mail, the News, and the People's Own June and ron8' hy C. A pt 0n Ood, by William O. Kliot, of Regeneration, by 8.

II. tbe Te't iraont' bJP- Child Mat ns and Vespers, bv a mother. For sale at TAYLOR A MAURY'S June 24 IViokstora, oeai.