Evening star from Washington, District of Columbia • 69

ARMY OFFICER SCHEDULED TO SUCCEED GEN. DAWES HAS UNIQUE SERVICE RECORD i Spent Over a Billion Dollars of the Money at One Time Without Authorization, and Then Was Complimented on His Action by Statesmen on the Integrity of the Country and Did Much to Avert Panic at Critical Lord Career. BY JAMES A. BICHANAN. IF you can picture to yourself a man who had moral courage enough to spend over 000 of the government's money without authorisation, you have, in part, visualized Gen.

Herbert M. Lord, finance officer of the United States Army, who, by order of President Harding, will, upon finishing his army service, become the director of the budget, succeeding Gen. Charles C. Dawes. Not only did Gen.

Lord expend over $1,000,000,000 of the government's money without authorization of law, but he was complimented the statesmen on the "Hill" for having so. and several months after he had drawn checks totaling this enormous sum Congress passed such legislation as rendered his acts legal. In disbursing the sums totaling over $1,000,000,000 Gen. Lord not only preserved the integrity of the country, but he also did much to avert a panic in the country. A.

word or two in explanation: Shortly after tfce armistice appropriation bills calling for vast sums for the maintenance of the Army, such as food, clothing, transportation. supplies and wages had failed of passage in Congress. Claims against the that were just and not be paid, because of the failure of Conpress to appropriate the needed sums. In addition, there were numerous wounded and sick soldiers returning from abroad. There were men in pitiful condition all over the country.

Many of these men had lost the papers that were necessary in order to have their pay accounts closed. Gen. Lord ordered that the men be paid on affidavits. This action was unwarranted and unheard of, but Congress in this instance, as in the other, legalized his action. "VjUMEROUS claimants had ed their properly filled vouchers to the Army for payment for moneys due them.

They could not be paid, because there was no appropriation. Gen. Lord was seated in his office one day when a young man from Cleveland, Ohio, in and presented a claim for The ohief of finance knew that the man had, upon the request of the government, given up a profitable business to engage in producing materials for the War Department; he knew that the man, unless this account was paid, and paid at once, faced bankruptcy; so Gen. Lord sat down and wrote a check for $200,000. Having broken the ice in this instance, he determined that all those who had just claims against the government were GEN.

HERBERT M. LORD. WHO WILL SUCCEED GEN. DAWES AS DIRECTOR OF THE BUDGET. to be paid and he promptly advertised that fact.

This action on his part not only saved numerous corporations and individuals from ruin, but It was the means of preventing thousands of his fellow countrymen from being thrown out of employment. One specific case, for Instance, is that of the director general of railroads. United States Railroad Administration, who found himself without fund9 to pay the men who were operating the AROUND THE CITY YOU are acquainted with Bluebeard's key. This is about a lady whose friends twit her with yie possession of another one with which she tries to wind up the universe. She has just returned from a trip north with a relative who has broadcasted the following caught up and passed on by one of the aforesaid friends: At one station a rather decrepit old gentleman boarded the train, chaperoned by a relative, who seated him in a chair.

Following came a fine-looking man, who placed two smart traveling bags In a. chair next, and then left the car. The relative admonished the old gentleman to be sure to listen and to get off when his station was called. The Winder-Up of the Universe resolved to attend to the matter, as directed. If we cannot help others, why are we here? After much delay, due to a belated snowstorm, the train halted.

The stormy dusk enveloped the country- i side and from somewhere a voice an- nounced a station. The Winder-Up jbmped to the occasion, hustled the oid gentleman into the outer darkness, hurled the two smart after, and, as the train moved on. seated herself with the happy consciousness of a kind act competently rendered. A bit later the car came to another halt, this time with the lights of a wayside station flashing from the darkness to show a circle of anxiously expectant (faces. In dashed the conductor, to call out with a look of blank consternation: "Where is the old gentleman who occupies this chair?" Winder-Up graciously explained that she had put him off at his station.

It was a small kindness, and she was glad to be of service. The conductor exploded verbal Are and brimstone: "Let me Inform you, ma'am, that was open country where we halted for the signal that the railroad bridge was clear for us to cross!" "And where are my two bags?" demanded the line-looking man in the wake of the conductor. "I put them in my chair here before I went Into the "Were those your Winder-Up gasped It out meekly. "I thought they belonged to the old threw them out." There is doubtless mora to the story, but the friend who was passing it on I may have considered that too much I detail flattens the climax, and anyhow: I Enough IS always enough. the dullard who sees nothing extra in a primrose by the river's brim- the exhibit of historic garments at the museum means nothing more than so many musty old duds.

It takes the mind's eye to vision in each faded uniform a chart that bears witness to the personality of a once owner napte is immortal and whose bones are dust. And why not? m. Schoesenheur self will, and a gem can reflect the mood of wearer, why may not the uni- I form of a hero grow a kinship to that hero's soul? It' is a great show, and as you linger among the almost living reminders of a past that can never die, something makes you understand why it Is that everyday youth will give up his good times, his girls and his neckties to rush any red trail where valor leads the way. Most of us are like that, but: There are always others. One of them, a nice, neat woman, paused beside a primrose woman who was paying tribute to a case of uniforms that bespoke laurels of victorious defeat in every fold of old Confederate gray: "Do you guess they steamed these clothes before they put them in this case? You can't be too careful about germs!" She was truly a very neat, nice woman, who doubtless will go to heaven when she dies, but, all the same, there was in lier voice, her words and her expression the snifflness of one who feels within herself that every old flag and uniform In that museum ought to go into the wash.

She was wrong, so far as the collection goes, must admit fhati there is a deal of history that would be all the better for a tubbing. A CAVALIER strayed out of colonial novel Into a street car. It was crowded and he had to stand, his tall and withered slenderness towering Saullike above the crowd. At one corner a a girl? entered, and, with the accustomed habit of having to stand at that hurry hour of the morning, reached up to a strap, qjuite as a matter of course. The cavalier considered the men around; touched a fat youngster with his cans and, with the authority of one who owned the car system, told him to get up.

The young fellow, plainly rattled, obeyed orders, whereupon the cavalier with most deferential courtesy, offered the vacated seat to the lady, who, like the boy, seemed afraid not to obey him. Also, she smiled her thanks at the ousted one, who was gamq enough to smile back. She even pantomimed her desire to return the place if he wanted it, and he shook his head, as if hs wouldn't have her do It for worlds. And all the while, the cavalier, having returned to his sentinellike pose, stood tall and sentinel like, his eyes closed and his can tell where? a NOTHER Incident In another car: It was a 7th street car that had halted at the Junction to give an Aver nue car the right of way. A very old lady, who should not have been alone, was being helped out by the motorman, and as she touched the street her wavering step was so uncertain that he got out, left his post and escorted her over to the platform, as gently as If ho had been her son.

Then he sprinted back just as the track was clear. "Which seems to show that it Isn't absolutely necessary to stray out of a colonial novel to be a cavalier. NANNIE LANCASTER. roads, and Gen. Lord Issued a check for $100,000,000.

When the matter was presented before Congress not a dissenting voice was raised as to the wisdom and humanness of Gen. Lord's actions. It is hardly possible to compute just how many thousands of years Gen. Lord would have had to serve in a military prison if Congress had not had the good sense to justify his actions. This extraordinary Mayhew born December 6, 18.19, at Rockland, Me.

His father was Sabin Lord, a well known contractor and builder and foremost citizen of Maine. His mother was Abbie Swett. His ancestors are of all New England r.ock. the first to settle In this country being Nathan Lord and his wife Judith. Nathan Lord came to Kittery, November 16, 1C52.

The Lord family for generations has occupied a prominent place in the affairs of New England. They were sturdy stock, honest to themselves and to others, fearless in fighting for that which they believed to be right. As a youth, the next director of the budget lived the normal life of a New England boy, and, like many of his fellows in that state, spent his early years in securing a foundation that fitted him for the work of after life. pEN. LORD is a graduate of Rockland.

High School. He spent part of his freshman year at Bates College at Lewiston. and graduated from Colby College In 1884. His alma mater has conferred upon him the degrees of A. A.

M. and LL. D. Upon leaving college he became a reporter on the Rockland Courier-Gazette, and afterward became editor and part owner of the paper. In 1890 he held a responsible editorial position on the Colorado Morning Sun at Denver.

The general has served as a member of the common council and board of aldermen in Rockland, and a few years afterward came to Washington with Nelson Dingley, father of the Dingley tariff bill. Young Lord was selected by Dingley to be clerk of the ways and means committee, House of Representatives, and held that position from 1894 to 1898, at which time he was commissioned by President McKinley as a major and paymaster of volunteers. He became a member of the Regular Army in 1902 with the rank of captain and was promoted through various grades. In 1908-9 he was detailed by President Roosevelt, despite the fact that he was a. major in the United States Army, to assist In the tariff revision that resulted In the Payne-Aldrich act.

A year later he final payment from United States funds to the Cuban army, just prior to the time it was disbanded. During- the disaster at Salem, in the winter of 1914-15, Gen. Lord was placed in charge of the disbursement of a $200,000 fire relief fund and so efficiently administered the money that the needs of hundreds were satisfied and about $150,000 of the amount appropriated was saved. This was made possible because the next director of the budget does not waste money. Wher? It Is necessary to spend it he spends it, but spends it efficiently.

Gen. Lord Is a member of the Army and Navy Club of Washington. He Is vice president of the Federal Club, Is a member of the Delta Epsilon Greek letter fraternity and president of the Washington Delta Upsllon Club. In 1886 he married Miss Annie Stuart Waldo. They have one son and a daughter.

Stuart, a son, died In February, 1889. The daughter, Ruth Mayhew Lord, married Frank R. Van Rennselaer. The present rank of Gen. Lord Is that of brigadier general.

He was the distinguished service medal for conspicuous and meritorious service during the world war. Like the man he succeeds. Gen. Lord Is a musician of vocalist, not an instrumentalist and a tenor voice which, critics say. would have gained for him renown either on the stage or the concert platform.

While at school he taught music. He was principal of the high school at South Thomaston, for several terms. During his college career he specialized in Greek, Latin and English. -pROBABLY no man in the United States Army has appeared before Congress upon hs many occasions, and the members of the different committees In both the Senate and House or Representatives have great respect for Gen. I.ord's ability.

And while at college he never specialized in economics. lie. early in his carcer, gave evidence of possessing a keen analytical niind. a mind that possesses the ability to grasp details and to work out problems that appear to be difficult of solution. He enjoys the respect and confidence of the men who appropriate money for the nation's needs.

Physically, he Is "as hard as nails." making It a practice to walk about three to five miles every morning, 110 matter what the weather conditions may be. He is also a base ball fan of the first water and was in his younger days to his1 college what Babe Ruth is to the American League today. He takes I great Interest not only in big league base ball, but Is also a hooster for the Departmental League in the District. He is a hard worker and will, according to President Harding, Gen. Dawes and the statesmen on Capitol Hill, make an ideal director of the budget.

SPEAKER IS BUSIEST MAN IN CONGRESS (Continued from First Page.) scendant of Ebeneezer Parkman, who was a Congregational minister In Westboro, In revolutionary times, and Francis Parkman, the famous historian. Mr. Parkman first attracted the attention of Speaker Gillett and other members of Congress as a speedster on the typewriter, transcribing the copy ot official reporters of debate and committee hearings. Fred Ireland, senior reporter of debates In the House, who was parliamentarian of the conference on limitation of armament and who has had intimate knowledge of Parkman's work for many years, says: have read as many as seven hundred consecutive pages of his copy without finding one error." Second Fess, the official parliamentarian at the Speaker's desk. In eight large volumes are the parliamentary precedents of the House as far as they have been compiled.

Mr. Fess must be ready to turn to the authority on any point of order that may be raised at a second's notice, and be ready to advise the Speaker regarding the decision that covers the question. When any especially important Issue is to be raised the Speaker, out of courtesy, is notified In advance, especially if the precedents have to be hunted up running back a quarter of a century or more. This has several times happened. Hundreds of points of order may be raised on any appropriation bill, and Mr.

Fess has to fortify himself In advance to meet any of these. He keeps the compilation of precedents current. Ha handles, under the Speaker's direction, the reference of bills and resolutions to committees and the careful scrutiny of the official Journal of the House, which the Speaker must approve daily. The Speaker, himself, is accounted the best parliamentarian In the House, out of his long experience, and so he seldom has to call upon Mr. Fess for tiie authorities, but Mr.

Fess must always be ready to give them Just the same. A. Sanford, who also comes from an old Massachusetts family, being a direct descendant of John Sanford of Plymouth. He was graduated from the University ot Indiana In 1911, LL. B.

1912, and subsequently graduated from the Indiana State Normal School. For Ave years he was Instructor in European history and then helped to make some. He came out of the second officers' training camp as a first lieutenant, and served with the 336th Infantry, 89th Division, throughout the war. Mr. Sanford helps out in the general work the Speaker's office and specializes on the research work connected with legislation and the thousands of Inquiries that come to the Speaker.

Fourth A. Reutemann, who has been an expert stenographer since high school days In New York city. He came to Washington to study law at Georgetown University. He has been in the Speaker's office ever since Mr. Oillett was elected to that office.

Mr. Reutemann handles much of the departmental work and especially the cases of former service men and their families. Fifth Louise M. Clarkson, who is assistant to Mr. Parkman in handling the Speaker's voluminous correspondence.

She is a graduate of the Washington Business High School and a business college. Mrs. Clarkson first came to the Speaker's ofBoe In 1917, was loaned for a time to the War Department during the rush of war work.and returned to Representative GUlett's office shortly after he became Speaker. Sixth W. Hubert, time clerk at the Speaker's desk, who keeps a close eye on the clock so to tell to a second how much time remains to any speaker, and to notify the Speaker when the time of the member has expired.

Hubert was a member of the punatlve expeditionary force that went to Mexico in 1916 and was ft member of the American expeditionary forces in 1917. serving throughout the war. GEOGRAPHICAL SITUATION ALLOWS THIS COUNTRY TO LEAD THE WORLD IN RADIO BY EDWARD B1AHSBAIL. NEW YORK, April 6. THE marvels of radio as a mcaiu of entertainment are uppermost at present in the public mind.

No less are Its marvels as a means for the promotion of American world Influence for progress and stability, for the promotion of American trade, for the advance of civilization. Today for two hours I sat fascinated, listening to the statements of Ernst F. W. chief engineer of the Radio Corporation of America, who, I had been Informed, was better qualified to speak upon this subject than any other man available In the United States. It will be noted by those who read the article that the inclination to speculate is not one of Mr.

Alexanderson's. He considers those things actually accomplished or in sight. He docs not dream. And he need not in order to make that which he says sound almost like a tale of wonders. "The transmitting plants of the United States have doubled In capacity since 1920," said Mr.

Alexanderson. "In competition with seventeen cables, radio is now handling 20 per cent of the transatlantic business." lT is important for tlie readers formation to state at this point of the interview that this immense increase in radio achievement is very largely due to the fact that in each of the American stations today is to be found the most modern trans- mitting machinery, of which the won-j derful alternator, invented and perfected by Mr. Alexanderson himself, is the very heart. "The business end of wireless is I being very competently developed," he continued. "An extraordinary group of minds is now engaged upon the problem, and already has performed an feat of organization.

It will respond to all demands. The United States has not lagged in the background. We have become leaders of the world. "The nation owes a debt of grati-j tude to Owen D. Young.

His response immediately following the beginning of the war to the appeal of Admiral Bullard. chief of communications for the American Navy, was such that at this moment America, which until recently was not Independent of foreign control in radio transmission, now is wholly so. No greater patriotic service ever has been rendered to this nation. "It was the war which sent radio into its own. Before the war it had been interesting.

With the advent of the war it became vital. Since the i war it has become commercially lm- portant. The perfection of the alter- nator gave wireless Its real place as a door of the world's real work. Its ultimate meanings will be greater than its present-day significance. The way is paved for unlimited expansion.

Wireless transmission is now on a power basis, and this enables us to apply our whole knowledge of power technique to the radio problem. "From our radio central on Long Island we now can send around the world, for there we have the most powerful and efficient radio station In the world. It will be this which will enable us. If at all, to establish transoceanic telephony. We jiow roach ships at sea with good results.

We look forward to developments in this field as satisfactory as those which we already have achieved in radio telegraphy. "Radio development really means a new language for the world. The achievement of speech meant that human beings had learned how to make air waves carry ideas. Now we make the waves of ether carry signals. for telegraphy and.

by additional refinements of procedure, speech through telephony. But important as International telephony may be. it probably will be less important than telegraphy. ((T LOOK forward with full confidence to easy telephoning between America and Europe, as between New York and Paris or between Washington and London. But radio telegraphy will reach where.

Plants are being built today In Poland. Later building will commence in Sweden, and probably as times goes on In every one of the nations of the world. In time the world will be must be. "Development of the far places through the radio will be far simpler than by means of the wire telegraph. Engineering problems are immensely simplified, for the building of the surface lines is eliminated, sending and receiving stations only being needed.

"This utlllration of the ether without wire connections between termini is an inconceivable improvement over all old methods. A single radio station now can speak to every other in the world if it has power enough. Conceivably, one message might go out from the United States which toould reach all countries on the surface of the earth. Doubtless many great Improvements will be made as the art grows, but at present It has been efflcienclzed beyond the knowledge of most laymen. "The Question of secrecy is always brought up in any discussion of communication by radio, but this is an academic rather than a real question.

Messages which need to be kept secret can be sent in any desired secret code. During the war multitudes of dispatches of vital interest to our cause were so sent and were not Intelligible to others than the intended recipients. "Ordinary busines? messages are sent in ordinary commercial code, translatable by any one possessing a copy of the code, but one fact must be kept clearly in I never have heard one complaint of lack of secrecy with regard to ordinary wireless messages. Any method of communication can be tapped; that all are not is due to governmental and police safeguards. radio, governmental regulation strictly forbids disclosing, directly or Indirectly, any message which may be copied by any one other than the person addressed, and, as a.

matter of actual fact, this law ia universally obeyed. In war, wireless protection, for cables can be cut. Our development of radio was speeded by the French, who urged It because that very fate had befallen all their cables. utitIRELESS will greatly cheapen world communication in the end. A transatlantic cable now costs at least $10,000,000.

Radio stations also are expensive, but, once established, the'cost of nuch additional equipment as may be needed for enlargement is much less than that ca KRXST F. ALEXANDERSON. ble capacity, and scientists and engineers are constantly engaged upon the "Job of paring costs. "Decrease in expenditure on both material and personnel will greatly lower the expense of international tommunication, and high-speed trending. as it develops, will do more.

Already during several hours a day we are sending between sixty and seventy-five letter words per minute. That equals the maximum and ex! ceods the practical cable speed. "Radio development in and bv America has an especial meaning fori humanity at large. Every of world desires efficient means 1 of direct communication with United States. Certain governments do not care to transact business through any other country.

Few feel willing that the radio facilities established in their territories shall under the control of any one outside. Against us there seems to be no prejudice. "These circumstances have made possible an American radio system which will envelop the whole world. Outside of the great European nations and Japan, no country will he found which will not welcome to its territory the political, commercial and social Influence of an radio system. Its establishment would be a mighty influence toward peace.

"Against radio there are no barriers and no censorships. Admiral Bullard of the American Navy was In Europe when the great" station at New Brunswick, N. began its work, and he came back enthusiastic. Through that efficient enterprise the people behind the German and the Austrian lines learned the American peace terms, whether or not their rulers wished them to. Admiral Bui-; lard found the children In Albania recitinr the famous fourteen points.

"Indirect proportion with the increase of free communication of one nation with another will be the de- crease In Importance of the methods of the diplomats who work in secret. When we once get rid of them, we shall be rid of war. armlstfce negotiations were carried on directly by wireless telegraphy between America and Germany through that station at New Brunswick. I was there when President Wilson demanded the kaiser's abdication. "Another point which favors the development of wireless is that any plant can be extended to take on additional circuits with an expense both for installation and maintenance far less in proportion than the added income of the new business, whereas increased traffic capacity for wires and cables must entail an increase in cost in direct proportion to the enlarged facilities.

"The reason why we can increase the burden of a wireless station without comparatively great increase in first cost is because the transmitting equipment can be housed in one com- mon power building. This Is made possible by the use of the multiple tuned antenna, which enables simultaneous operation of a number of antennae near each other at a single As an example, at our radio central plant at Rocky rcrtnt, Island, we are planning the use of at twelve antennae, arranged the spokes of a wheel, with the power house in the center. Two of these radiating radii are now Installed, and the remainder will be erected as traffic demands grow. "Operating costs, too, are lessened by this concentration of apparatus, because a single staff of operatives take care of an entire system of transmitters. "In wireless the construction problem is confined entirely to the termini.

With wires the engineers must atudy and the construction gangs must labor over every inch of territory spanned. "The possibilities are great, but at present not unlimited. Confusion is Avoided only by the use of different wave lengths, and the number of wave lengths is restricted. Only so many men can march abreast In any etreet, and only so many electric Impulses, apparently, can be sent Independently through the or ether at one time. Is one of the great probleios of the new and thriving art.

It Is obvious that each of the ethereal avenues must be used to its fullest capacity, but not overcrowded, of the very fewness of these avenues. "Between thirty and fifty of these channels are Vvailable for transoceanic communication lrt the present state of our development. By continual research and refinement of apparatus and methods, we gradually are Increasing this small number, but we believe the possibilities of Increase to be very definitely limited." It waa, bjr the way, nothing other than the use of the alternator which made available the number of channels which at present are in use. I asked the Inventor why and how this was "The reason why the alternator increases the number of available channels." he said, "may be explained roughly by the statement that the wave generated by It steers a perfectly straight course, so to speak, though the expression Is not technical. So it can run very close to another similar wave without collld1ns with it.

We therefore, by this method, can use more wave lengths than there would be (again speaking loosely) room for if they wobbled to one side and the other as went through the channels of the ether. A larger number of threads can be stretched from one point to another without tangled if drawn straight than if left loose and wavy. "These paths through the ether are of the greatest Import to the people of the world. They should be fully utilized, and. therefore, "hoy must be carefully protected.

This entails. first of all. the use of the most modern apparatus, and after this, regulation. "Thus a burden must be thrust unor. backs of those engaged in the commercial Jitiliration of thim wonderful inveBion.

Research must be I carried on without pause and without I thought of cost in time, effort or, I money. Today unprecedented outlays, both of energy and funds, are voted to Increase of knowledge and i Improvement of facilities. urpREQCEXTLT advance, comparatively slight, but nevertheless vital, has rendered expensive apparatus obsolete, and this is true not only in connection with high-power radio transmission, but in I connection 4tith all branches of raAio development. The rate of superce-1 dence and of obsolescence must be relatively great for a long time. "Unquestionably.

America today absolutely leads the world in wireless. The formation of the Radio Corporation of America took this country from a stage which was like that of one who holds concessions, but allows them to lie idle, into that of the pioneer who occupies and develops new territory. We have not gone in for speculation with regard to future hopes; Instead, we have gone in for real" achievement. "The first thing that the radio corporation gave to America was complete control of Its communications with all other sections of the world wherein radio has been established. With our high-power stations working.

who shall cut us off? The fact that the United States has such strong communications encourages the smaller nations, which conceivably might need our help, to the establishment of complementary facilities. "American enterprise now is competent to compete with France, Germany or England. American influence in wireless is spreading throughout the world, so that the establishment of a chain of high-power stations of the radio corporation type around the world is rapidly becoming a reality. There is no state in i all the world, be it great or be it small, which today is not ambitious to possess powerful wireless stations for the purpose of assuring quick and free communication with Amer: ica, if for no other purpose. "Many a great center now building or planned never would have been imagined save for the general desire 'to make certain of communication not subject to Intecference from any other power with the United States.

"The fact that the United States is I free of international political afllllaI tlons always will enable It to supply all who ask with wireless knowledge as it grows among our people, and, if necessary, even with the apparatus for development of wireless. (cpHUS, as London automatically became and uninterruptedly has remained the center of the world's cable communications, so the United States is rapidly becoming and is certain to remain the center of the worlds activities in radio. Geographically, our situation in this matter is ideal. Note the position of the United States In relation to the balance of the world. To the east is Europe, within easy radio communication distance, and separated by the best possible medium over which wireless can be is.

a body of salt water. To the south is South America, growing rapidly in importance and hungry for rapid and accurate communication with its northern neighbor', and through her with the rest of the world. Here, too. the ocean will serve us, and here, too', the distance to be spanned makes our task easy. "Swing? around to the other tide of the United States an? we have the Paciflc ocean a4 lervice to speed our communications with Japan.

China, the Philippines, Australia, direct or via our stations in Hawaii. Radio communication is a function of geography as well as of technique, and in factors we have been wonderfully endowed by nature. "As soon an the radio corporation was organized it ordered twenty-one of the great alternators. This was a move which required faith as well as courage, and it proved sound financially. But the chief point is.

that by causing the manufacture of such a large number of these machines, automatically twenty-one of the future ether lanes of the world were assured of the most economical operation with the least interference with other lanes. "That which has not been accomplished by the carefully thought out plans of the business leaders of the enterprise will be accomplished by the splendid energy of the American radio amateur, the whose enthusiasm. energy, inventiveness, ingenuity and tirelessness are all peculiarly American, and, incidentally, would be Impossible in any country not prosperous, as we are not socially serene. 'craze' for developing for us innumerable experts. The men pressed into ouu military and naval wireless were mostly drawn from our intelligent young amateurs, and they did well.

Amateur radio is in itself a liberal education, and is particularly, valuable to the early years when the power of the minds are being developed, veloped. "The thousands of amateuri and novices who are intensely interested today in radio as a pastime are America's best promise of future contributions to our radio advance. "The wireless telephone will be one of the great national developing influences, as the wireless telegraph is becoming the great international developing influence. Its influence will be gi eater than that of any other one thing since the printing press. "It will revolutionize upward the intelligence of the whole people, at the newspaper has done, but will not take its place.

Nor will radio telephony ever supplant wire telephony, but will always be an extension to it. Wire telephony is essentially a point to point method of communication. Occasionally, as in rural lines, we load thirty or so instruments upon one wire, but even this is a relatively small number. "Wireless telephony is by the inherent nature of radio wave propagation a radial method of communication, a mass distributor of thought. One wire telephone conversation can be heard by, perhaps, thirty people on the line.

One radio telephone conversation can be heard by 3.000, or as many more as your imagination wishes to provide with adequate receiving apparatus. I "General use for individual communication of such a wonderful means i of serving the whole people should be greatly restricted, and will be. Only in districts where wire communication is not possible should the wireless phone be permitted to be used for point to point service, and even then only under such restrictions as to wave lengths and power as will prevent interference with the broadcast service to the whole people. (f'T'HROUGH both tho telephone and telegraph, low-power wireless stations will link the people of this nationally, as the high-power stations will link the peoples of the world internationally. "In education we shall soon be able (indeed, this might be done today) to take the most eminent of all our thinkers through the doors and into the very presence of the pupils of thousands of small schoolhouies at the same time.

There remains t'dav no reason why all the nation snould not daily share in the immediate, momentary, personal and fully vital services of its best selected minds, no matter where they may be located. I "In the near future lonely farmhouses will have their crop reports and weather forecasts through their wireless instruments as quickly as the cities get them, and for enter! tainment will be able, at selected evening hours, to choose from a great program of attractive effort by good artists. Imagine, in a time of threatened epidemic, the value of health lectures by eminent authorities which can be heard even in the most isolated country home! "In certain details wireless will be valuable in the preservation of our law and order, but personally I am sure that we shall find it Inexpedient to use wave lengths for any purposes which wires will serve as well. "And, of course, all other interests always must be set aside in favor of the protection of life and property at sea. where no other agency but radio exists to serve the purpose.

For this purpose adequate allotment of wave lengths, rigorously protected, is essential. For those who sail the sea wireless is the only means of free I communication, while those who stay on land have many. Today our American sea communication is admirable. The Cape Cod station picks up ships as far away as those which voyage in the English channel. "Nothing comparable with the national interest in wireless ever hss been known in the United States.

The I demand for apparatus to receive the matter broadcasted from central stations came up almost overnight at a time when apparatus of design which lent itself to quantity production haA I not been developed. The result is that demand has been not less than double the supply, although factories are working day and night." Termite Fireworks. A least two Brazilian have described an extraordinary phenomenon connected with the nests of white ants, or termites. Dr. da Fonseca, who saw the exhibition on the headwaters of the Jlio Verde, gives the appearance as that of tiny stars, affording the nest the look of a miniature tower brilliantly illuminated.

When the nest was struck with a stick the lights went out. only to reappear little by little. Castelnau, in the middle of the last century, beheld a spectacle near the city of Coyaz. He says that the lights were produced by an im' mense Tiumber of small phosphorescent larvae, which withdrew into the galleries of the mound when an attempt was made to capture them. Branner of Stanford remark that this exhibition is probably confined to some particular species, or to some special occasions or conditions of termite life, since he has lived and traveled for years in Brazil seeing 1L.