Evening star from Washington, District of Columbia • 52

hmgmis Many Now Enjoying a Freedom Never Dreamed of Before the World War. EMANCIPATION EXPECTED BY BEATRICE BA SK ERVI Special Correspondence okThe New York orld. ROME. March Italy in Pre-war toys the position of women seemed hall oriental to American eyes. Their seclusion.

their restrictions, the Jealous wav in Which they were kept from public'places shocked the modern girls from New York and made them Jump to the conclusion that the Italian maid, wife and mother had a very rough time of it. You still hear stories of a despotic husband who puts flour on the floor in front of ail the windows lest the wife of his bosom go to look on the outside world; of the husband who locks the women- folk in when he noes to work; of the father who forbids his daughters to wear anything but black in the street. But these customs linger only in outof-the-way corners of the south of Sicily and of Sardinia. Even now in that enchanting island a girl never sees her husband till the marriage is arranged. Even today in Sicily you can find hundreds of middle class families where no men enter who are not of the family.

where the menfolk visit the cafes Mid theaters alone, too Jealous to bring women. Climate, interracial ntiuence and the revered custom of marrying girls as earlv as possible have brought about this seclusion. The fact remains, however 'that a clever and energetic woman In Sicilv and Sardinia is as inluential in her family as Mrs. Smith ofNew or Mrs. Brown of Boston.

The restrictions hamper the average woman and not the exceptional one. But. as the average woman is the most diffused, the position of women In Italy is very different from that of their American sisters. learn Value of Women Folk. But here, as elsewhere, the war has brought about a change.

The Italian husband. father, brother, has found out that his women folk know how to carry on at home while he is at the front For them to return home for a short furlough and And the home as clean as before, the children well, the old folks contented. despite the fact that the ablebodied men were not there to look after It all. was a great revelation. Bill to Remove Bestrictiona.

The Italian man. thus roughly shaken out of his half-oriental attitude toward his woman, "has had the fairness to admit that the position of the other sex needs a great deal of alteration. So, gradually, very gradually, the Italian woman is coming into her own. The process is slow, and many traditions and prejudices have ret to be overcome. But Sacchi, minister of justice, under the last government, eertainlv voiced the wishes of many men when he brought In a bill for the abolition of various restrictions weighing upon women.

Till that bill is made law no woman may have tutelar right over her own children, even after the fathers death. The right is vested In a "family council," who decide about her children education, etc. She is a member of the council, but has only one vote. Workers Snubbed at First. At first they were snubbed, told they had better go back to their children and kitchens.

In the public offices ministers told newspaper people that they did not want women. Facetious caricatures appeared" in the press, showing woman workers in fooiisii situations. running away from dragging an unwilling cupid into their offices, and so forth. But, as class after class was called up. women were told they might, under certain circumstances.

supplement men. Finally a national appeal has been Issued to men and women between the ages of eighteen and sixty to offer their services for "civil mobilisation." Since the beginning of the war women of Mm upper classes have been doing the nursing and sewing for the soldiers. This has brought about a subtle and far-reaching change. Young eirls walk thing unheard of five vears ago. A mother of anywhere above the poorest classes would no more'have allowed her daughters to go church or to school alone than she would have let them fiv to America in an aeroplane.

But now mothers and duevaas are too busy to play cnape-om, There are still many families re this innovation is looked upon hen the menfolk come back from front on leave or furlough there Is a good deal of criticism; but some In; as to the others, no sooner have they started back for the trenches than the restrictions they enforced during their stay are relaxed. You hear an elderly woman of title tell her friends that her daughters go out alone because "all the young men are at the front, so there is no fear. As a matter of fact, there are still young men at home, to say nothing of fascinating officers on leave. But men I are getting used to seeing "nice" girls about alone, and take no more notice than if they had a duenna with them. Noble Feasant Women.

But to the Italian peasant woman Italy owes the deepest debt of gratitude. They have shown themselves to be the true and worthy mothers and wives of the country's peasant army. They are performing miracles of hard labor and abnegation. While the coun- try districts have been combed to such an extent that you will not meet an able-bodied man In the fields except for the short time allowed for soldiers ftirloughed home for the part of the field spr' for sowing and late autumn for women are doing the roughest labor. sowing corn, beans, hoeing.

1 pruning and sulphuring the vines, guldU ing cart and plaw. reaping the hay and what tile menfolk did not have to do. looking after their families as well. Musk May Soon Disappear. From the Koekr Mountain News.

It may not be many years until milady will be unable to obtain musk scented perfume. For this choice odor Is rapidly passing from the world. There Is a town in China by the name of Tachienlu. which is known as the gateway of Tibet. Out of Tachienlu comes practically all the supply of musk.

This is obtained from a pouch of the male musk deer, found principally in the region near Tachienlu. "The substance known as musk is only secreted in the pouch of the deer during certain seasons of the year, and because of its precious value the deer have been almost exterminated. They are small creatures, never more than three feet long and usually about twenty-two Inches In height. Perhaps no other substance in the world has an odor so penetrating or aa muiks. Certainly nothing else which please the sense of smell can be compared to It.

Some idea of Its rarity and the difficulty of supplying the market may be gained from the fact that the total yearly export from Tachienlu before the war was only about 3,000 pounds. Practically the whole of this went to France and was msufli into perfume. A very small sufficient to manufacture a large Jtuantity of perfume. Uuflt is a peculiar substance. Exy percenters have, found that by exposing, a small quantity of It to the air the musk gradually diminished In sUe ana finally disappeared.

The odor that iSont forth actually caused the musk rata. BIG REFORMS COME! AS RESULT OF WAR Great Britain Discovers Unusual Resources; Many to Vote Now. BY EDWARD PRICE BELL. (Special Correspondence of The Evening Star and the Chicago Dally Hews.) LONDON, England. February 1917 Britain put into the armies of the empire 820,645 additional men and placed In civil employment in this country 731,000 men and 804,000 women.

It brought 1,000,000 additional acres under the plow during the same period, increasing cereal production by 860,000 tons and potato production by 3,000,000 tons. Already in the present year a further 800,000 acres has been i brought under the plow In England and 400,000 In Scotland and Same Ships Carry More. At the end of last year there were 2,000,000 more quarters of wheat in this country than at the end of December, 1916. In 1916 the total quantity of ships built was 589,000 In 1917 the tonnage built wm 1,163,474 tons and 170,000 in addition was obtained abroad. Notwithstanding the loan of 1.500.000 gross tons to the allies, Britain imported precisely the same amount from September to November last year as from February to April.

Whereas before the war every 100 tons net shipping brought to this country 106 tons of goods, the average is now 150 tons. Britain succeeded last year in reducing; the imports of timber by 3,000,000 tons. This has been made good by an increase of 1,800,000 tons at home and by an increase in France. The number of guns available in France increased last year by 30 per cent. The supply of aeroplanes in 1917 was two and a half times as great as in 1916.

Many New Voters Now. "Britain's "new democracy" is now ready to vote. Some idea of the scope of tho reform act just passed may be obtained from the following comparison with the changes made by the acts of 1832, 1867 and 1884: new voters (middle class). Total on register, 1,000,000 (1 in 24 of population). new voters (working class in the towns).

Total on register, 2,500,000 (1 in 12 of population). new voters (agrlctil-1 tural laborers). Total on register. 5,000.000 (1 in 7 of the population). new voters (6,000,000 women, of whom 5,000,000 are married, and 2.003,000 men).

Total on register, 16,000,000 (1 in 3 of population). House of Commons Grows. The redistribution scheme will add thirty-seven, more members to the house of commons after the next eral election, provided there is no diminution or withdrawal of the Irish representation from Westminster in the Interval. The progressive growth of the membership of the house can be seen from the following table: and Walea 513 union with Scotland 058 union with Ireland 658 1885? 1918? 707 Many Women Employed. Over 65.000 women now are employed on the railways in'the United Kingdom.

One railway alone has 9,000 women. Before the war there were only 806 railway women. About one-quarter of the whole start! of the railways consists of women. The largest number of in the telegraph, telephone and clerical departments. Other favorite occupations are those of porters and checkers, there being about 10,000 women so employed.

BELGIANS GRIEVE AS GERMANS TAKE BELLS Last of the Famous Carillons of Flanders; All Brass Also Seized. BY W. J. L. KIEHL.

(Special Correspondence of The Evening Star and the Chicago Daily News.) THE HAGUE, Holland, February 18. last of the famous bells from churches, belfries and monasteries in Belgium have now been taken down to be sent to Germany to be melted down for munitions. What this means to the Belgians, who so loved their bells and were so fond of their music, can scarcely be told in words. As the bells lay on the railroad platforms littls groups of Belgians gathered to bid them a last farewell. At first one man.

then another, took up a brick or hammer and struck it against the bells until their metallic voices blended in a strange melody? dulled as if by grief at the parting. And as the sound swelled the doors of neighboring houses opened; then inmates stole forth exclaiming, "Our bells more we hear our bells!" Not for long, however, was the joy tinged with sadness vouchsafed to the people, for the German patrol that guarded the bells soon drove the people back to their homes. Many of the bells had been cast in the middle ages by famous bell makers. Belgian Bobbed of Everything. Refugees from Belgium, about eightyeight in all, mostly women and children, recently came to the Dutch bor der.

They told touching stories of the suffering in their downtrodden country. especially in the new "Etappen Gebiet" behind the German front, where the requisitions are depriving the people of their few last possessions. A most touching story is that of the old mother who brought her only treasure of brass to the commandant, for if the Belgians keep back any object they are threatened with heavy they bring even the jars and kettles they cannot well do without in their kitchens, and even objects of religious significance. So the old mother brought her was all she as she held it out to the officers she cried with streaming eyes: "See! 1 have brought you my all! It is our Lord crucified! But this I tell you Germans are worse than they who killed our Savior! For they did not demand that Mary should furnish the nails wherewith to crucify her son but make us Belgian mothers bring you the wherewithal to torture and kill our own flesh and blood!" "Herod Is Here," Say Belgians. Among the Belgians there la a saying: "Herod has come again to live on earth, again he Is In Belgium, and has given the order to kill the Innocent." hen women and children are drag- I ged from their homes to be forced to work for the enemy they say.

"It is Herod who commands Hunger and i cold are sapping the last forces of the I Belgian poor. Bagby Signs Cleveland Contract. CLEVELAND, Ohio, March er Jim Bagby of the Cleveland American team, who has been a hold-out. today signed his contract after reaching a satisfactory agreement with President James C. Dunn.

Bagby leaves iJ2Say for the training camp at New 5" with the.exception of Pitcher Boehllng. another hold-oat. the Cleveland team is new complete. Life's Darkest Moment. Webster TMe NEXTTlME xxj Look outcfthat WINDOW you will 5TAV AFTtE SCHOOL.

ONE SOUP HOUFi THIS IS mot ah TRAlMlNOrCamp! (Copyright, by T. WJbsteT) J. W. J. BRYAN SUBPOENAED In Trial of Alleged Plotters Against British Rule in India.

SAN FRANCISCO, March J. ffcryan, former Secretary of State, was subpoenaed for a second time by the defense here yesterday in the trial of a group of Hindus, German consular American shipping- men and others on the charge of fomenting- a plot against British rule in India. The subpoena was telegraphed to Chicago, where Mr. Bryan was said to be visiting. Mr.

Bryan was subjoenaed a week ago, but defense attorneys agreed to withdraw this summons at Bryan's request and when John W. Preston, United States district attorney, admitted that Mr. Bryan wrote the book "British Rule in India," which was introduced into the defense evidence. Subsequently Ram Chandra and others of the defendants decided to resubpoena Mr. Bryan in order to clear up certain contested points regarding his stand on Indian politics.

AdAX Shoulders of Strength into Ajax the entire width of the against sudden "more tread on the road." Brute bulwarks of battle add strength where strain is greatest. A3AX ROAD KING Tread on the Road" Here's the matchless built and guaranteed for service and endurance under maximum road stress, on any road AJAX ROAD KING will prove its superiority. A monarch in quality, a democrat in service. Owners' Choice This tremendous percentage of Ajax production is singled out by motorists to take the place of other tires that came with their cars. An overwhelming endorsement of Ajex quality.

See the Ajex Dealer In Your locality. HartigTire and Rubber Co. Phone North 751 1612 14th St. N.W. "While Am Claiming Quality, Wo An Guaranteeing ft' HERE is the first plug made which will not accumulate carbon.

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Gregor held the mob off for some time with a revolver. The mob finally secured her and her husband and took them to the courthouse steps, where they were forced to kiss the flag and repeat the oath. Citizens of Coshocton have been aroused for several weeks over reports that Germans of the county were holding many secret meetings in Coshocton and south of the city. Members of the mob, before breaking up this morning, announced that other alleged pro-German homes would be visited Monday night. NORWALK TIRES Cost LESS Per Mtlm THILE Norwalk Tires are guaranteed for 5,000 miles, our records show that under various strenuous conditions they invariably yield eight to twelve thousands miles.

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