Evening star from Washington, District of Columbia • 47

H5 si -4 ff 11 i I i THE MIDDLE HOUSE WAS THE HC THERE is a building: on the south di side of street between 9th and 10th streets to recall which will bring: happy recollections to a great number of Washington peo- pie. High up on the front of that building is the legend "Marini's Hall" and the date of the construction of that particu- lar building. "1S76." It is hardly neces- sary to remind Washingtonians that Marini was one of those old dancing masters who taught the art of dancing to thousands of children, many of whom now have gray hair or bald heads. It has seemed to the Rambler that thou- ands of citizens must recall moments 11 of their childhood as they pass this building and which occupies the site of that older public 8 Hall. Marini was one of the conspicu- ous figures of older Washington.

The Rambler does not know when a Marini came to Washington, but he knows that there was a great May ball at Temperance Hall on May 9, 1S65, and he knows that there had been many Marini May balls before that date. But a at that particular May ball Kate Seitz was the Goddess of Liberty, Jennie Montgomery was Queen of May and her maids of honor were Sallie Duncan, Lilly Bruf, Hebe Barney and Mary Mor- gan, while the crown bearer was Jose- phine Plant. The old dances that were danced there are interesting to recall, and the names of the dancers may touch many a fond and tender chords. The Rambler will give the list: Highland fling. Cor- e' nelia Campbell; village hornpipe.

Flora Clark; La Bayadere. Kate Thompson; tl highland fling. Misses Norbeck and Plant; Sicillienne, Miss C. Barney; sail- or'a hornpipe, Master Walter Dennis; Neapolitaine. Flora Cook; Irish lilt, Cornelia Campbell; Cracovienne, Miss rr Noyes and Master Stevens; Cachuca, ir Ella Norbeck; sailor's hornpipe.

Masters tl Dennis and Bean. There was general Diplomati EEYOND her million-dollar dye- tl stuffs cargo, the German super- c' submarine Deutschland brought Into Hampton roads with her a Pandora's box of diplomatic problems about which historians and publicists will be wrangling and writing long after peace comes in Europe and which bid fair to keep the State Department 11 busy throughout the period of the war. These problems have not yet been a presented in the form of concrete cases. Apparently the State Department is to have an easy task in the settlement 8 of the only question raised by the in- 11 itial appearance of the submarine liner In American question of whether she is to be classified as a merchant vessel or as a ship of war. jj me i icanui A tives in Baltimore having reported that the Deutsehland could not be made available for warlike purposes or of- a fenaivo operations without extensive structural alterations, the State Department is apparently saved the trouble of cracking that nut.

it a But. like the proverbial good luck 111 the flrst hand at cards, this easy be- ginning seems to presage only greater difficulties later on in the game. The moment the supersubmarine dives under the water off the Virginia capes and begins her 4.000-mile game a of hide and with the allies' war- ships, these diplomatic tangles are apt at any minute to arise. And. start- they may he expected to fill the columns of American newspapers as fully as the legal problems of the allies' blockade and the U-boat warfare.

Here is a sample of the problems that may be bothering Americans and their government before long Suppose the Deutsehland, upon rising to the surface outside the three-mile limit. Is lighted by a British cruiser. If it were an ordinary submarine, there would be a puff of smoke from the cruiser, and the submarine would stand a good chance of being sent to Davy Jones' locker. A But the Deutsehland. It seems, is a a merchant vessel, not a warship.

There- fore, the cruiser cannot fire upon her at sight. It must warn the submarine a and then approach to visit and search her Now. according to the statement ui i nr apmiii, me onai can disappear beneath the waves in a minute and a half. What chance has the cruiser to approach and search a ship as elusive as that? With surface craft the cruiser may open fire on a merchant vessel the moment she attempts to escape through t. flight.

(juery: When a submarine 8 sinks below the waves, is she guilty fi of flight' Going down on an even keel. the Deutschland" presumably could remain in the same spot and simply sink out of sight without diving. When would the cruiser have a legal right to open tire on her? Would laws uritten for days when ships behaved themselves and stayed where they be- longed and could We seen apply in such case, and, if so, how would they be made to apply? The intricacies of such a problem may before long be engaging the at- tention of American newspaper read- ers as well as of officials of the Stats Department. But German science, it must be recorded, is doing its best to spoil this nice problem by providing the Deutschland with an equipment de- to iu 1 i .3 ft I wj )ME OF HANSON. ancing after the May ball arid the oor managers were Horatio Bates and F.

Sprague. In The Evening Star of the winter 1864-65 appeared this advertisement AJarinl: "Fashionable Dancing street etween Ninth and Tenth streets. Proessor Marini would respectfully inform Is former patrons and numerous riends that his fourth and last quarer will commence on Thursday, March 1865. Persons desiring private induction will please call at the hall uring school hours or at his residence, ro. 470 10th street, between and treets." The first of the May halls in the resent building: took place on Wedesday May 10, 1876.

The of May was Anna B. "Wilson; loddess of Liberty. Nettie A. Riley; rown bearer. Maud Smoot; flower iris, Louise M.

Clagett and Lena P. 'later. There were fancy dances ae ollows: Tarantella. Maud Trimble; 'racovienne. "Little Miss Maud Smoot" nd Master Oliver Thomson; highland ing, Maggie Weaver and Annie 'hompson: La Manola.

Mamie Joyce; ylphide. Mary Entwisle; Straspey, Anie Prall and Master Harry Leonard; illage hornpipe, Mattie Owens; Irish ilt. Mamie Makee and Master Alexnder Merchant; sailor's hornpipe, Erest Thompson; Baden-Baden, Lizzie lllis and Master Frank Merchant; 'achuca, Carrie McCallum; L'Ariel. Nettie Shafer; Zingarella, Mamie Lahrop and Master Alexander Merchant; Irs. McGowan's reel.

Mary Entwisle; molenski, Willie Joyce and Mamie oyce; El Bolero, Jessie Joyce; Chinese ance, Masters Harry Cook and Frank lerchant; skipping rope dance, Annie Tall; pas de matelot. Master Harry medley, Mamie Magee. Then here was a maypole dance by twelve lisses and masters, and the lancers nd the polka by all the pupils, after i'hich the floor was cleared and the athers and mothers and the elder and brothers danced. An advertisement in The Star shows lat the May ball of 1870 was the sventeenth of the Marlni May balls, hich would carry the date of the first ack to 18.19. The advertisement reads: Professor Marini's May lany years Prof.

L. O. Marini's dancig academy has been the resort of le elite of the city and there is carcely a family of prominence in Problei ie surface within sight of an enemy ruiser. Apparently the Germans would ather depend upon the power of to protect them than upon their rights in such a box. a So they have installed on the Deutschmd a submarine telephonic device, irough which, it is said, the pulsation a cruiser's engines can be heard at distance of five miles.

Since tha eutschland. with but seventeen feet superstructure visible above th? urface, and painted a mottled green, not visible to a cruiser for a dismce of much more than a mile, fhereas she can, while under water, ear the pounding of the cruiser's enines for five miies, the Germans beeve there is little or no chance of he Deutschland coming to the surace within sight of one of the allies' ruisers. So the Germans do not beieve that this problem will ever arise. But if that tangle is escaned thera re others not much farther off. A lerchant ship has the right to defend erself from capture at sea, according the rules of international law acepted by the United States.

All of the merchant ships of the entente powers re now being armed for defense. Most them are now armed. But it will be emembered that a very delicate diplomatic question arose some months ago to when a merchant ship was using er guns offensively and when she was sing them defensively. If she used her guns offensively she 3st her status as a merchant shap and ecame liable to destruction herself ithout regard to the lives of those board her. The Germans raised the laim that the British merchant ships red upon their submarines at sight, nd this, they said, constituted offenive action.

They submitted to the tate Department the secret instrucions Issued by the British admiralty captains of armed merchant ships fhich they had captured from the steamer Woodfleld as evidence to upport their contention. After months and months of diplomatic exchanges, the United States ractically settled down into the posiion that a merchant ship had a legal ight to Are upon any warship bent pon her capture; that when a submalne was sighted it could reasonably be ssumed she was upon such a mission, nd that, therefore, a merchant ship ould justify, on the ground that it 1-88 defensive action, any shot at an pproaching submarine. But obviously this attitude of the "nited States rested upon the circumtance that the only sort of submarine mown was a warship. Now the superubmarine merchant liner Deutsohland omes along and threatens to stir up his entire question again. If the Gernans make good their boast arid de'elop a regular line of submarine merhantmen, w-ill the allies' merchant hips be Justified, henceforth, in aaUming that any submarine they sight bent upon their capture? Presumably not, for it might be a nerchant submarine, unarmed and enirely harmless.

For the merchant ship 0 Are upon such a submarine would be 1 serious breach of law. The appearance of a number of merchant submaines, therefore, might be used by the lermans to support a diplomatic argunent with the United States to the efect that it is not enough to see a subnarine near a merchant vessel to presume her offensive mission. They will loubtless contend that now a merchant ittip miui uaiU a the District but has children trained in the graceful art of dancing: by this accomplished teacher. Professor Marini's Seventeenth May Festival to take place on the 10th is to be celebrated with their usual spirit." There was another dancing master in the District in the early 60s, from whom probably a great many of the citisens of Washington today learned, when they were children, to dance. This was Prof.

J. W. Kreis, who conducted a dancing academy In Parker Hall, on Pennsylvania avenue between 6th and 7th streets, opposite the Metropolitan Hotel. Marini's Hall became a great hall in the late 70s and the early 80s for lectures and concerts. Raphael JosefTy, the great pianist, who was a great pianist before great pianists seemed to spring up on every hand, usually played there on his frequent visit? to Washington.

About this time Marini's Hall had as competitors several other halls, which were frequently occupied by lecturers and musicians, and also sometimes by audiences. There was Willard Hall, Tallmadge Hall, Lincoln Hall, and, of course. Odd Fellows' Hall. Among the lecturers in those days were Victoria Woodhull, Tennie C. Claflin, George Vanderhoff.

who used to read Shakespeare and Dickens; Rev. Moncure D. Conway, Rev. Dr. John P.

Newman, Annie W. Story. E. C. Townsend and Alfred P.

Burbank. Blind Tom was a yearly visitor to Odd Fellows' Hall. In those days, among the local actors and musicians who gave many entertainments in the halls, were John Tweedale, Ed Hay, Zaidee Jones, Eva Mills, Ackland Boyle, Kate Goodall, E. A. Duncan, Walter Dennis, Harrold Forsberg, Anna D.

Ware, Lois Mygatt, soprano; Walter Paris, violinist; Henry Eberbach. violoncello, and Samuel G. Young. It was in one of these halls, the 11 rv tha south side of street between 9th and 10th streets, that a great woman's suffrage convention was held in 1876. Some of the women in attendance were Susan B.

Anthony, Belva A. Lockwood, I THE SOITH SIDE OF 1 ns Raised OOAT Brought Wi Cargo of Dyestu of Tre Old Laws When No clearly demonstrated her hostile mission before opening fire. 80 far as direct interest in such issues is concerned, the United States may be able to escape unless American citizens form the habit of traveling as passengers on these submarines. The State Department has always taken the view that the United States is not directly and vitally interested in a case save when it involves the life an American citizen. But even if direct concern in the issues is avoided, it seems highly probable that such an event in the maritime warfare of the future will indirectly involve the United States by upsetting the logic upon which it is now resting its position as to the right of merchant ships to Are, in defense, upon submarines.

Again there is encountered the question of the effect of these new craft upon the legality of blockades. To be sure, the United States has already challenged the legality of the allies' blockade on other grounds, but the appearance of the submarine merchant ship brings into question the effectiveness of the blockade, and thus attacks its legality, according to the Germans, from another quarter. In ortfer to claim legality and recognition from neutral powers, a blockade must, first of all, be effective. It must effectively and physically bar communication with the blockaded port. When the Detuschland slipped past the allies' blockade line, the Germans at once raised 4he claim that the ineffectiveness of the blockade had been demonstrated.

If existing International law is searched for rules and precedents to settle this question, it appears that the passage of the lines by this one merchant submarine does not go so far as the Germans claim. But the Germans boast that the Deutschland will be followed by other submersibles and that, in fact, a regular line of submarine merchant ships is to be operated between Germany and the United States. Probably no better way could be found to illustrate the difficulties likely to be encountered in applying existing law to cover this new type of craft than to sight the judgments of statesmen and publicists upon this question of the eiffectiveness of blockades and then to attempt to apply their dicta to the present or promised situation. For instance, the authority on international law, Wharton, says upon this point: "To agree to perform a duty effectively is a very different thing from agreeing to perform it absolutely. A carrier, for instance, does not insure against a sudden frost, which a prudent person could not foresee, nor against peculiar and extraordinary storms: nor even against defective performance by employes, when this defectiveness arises from extraordinary 4 fiShe Sarah J.

Spencer, Rev. Olympia Brown, Elizabeth Cady Stanton, Clemence G. Lozier, Ellen C. Sargent, Emily A. Johnson, Marilla M.

Ricker, Caroline B. Window, Mary F. Foster, Lillie De Lorea Wood. Lillie Devereaux Blake, Dr. Susan A.

Edson, Lavinia C. Dunmore, Ruth C. Denison, Matilda Joslyn Gage and Caroline Winslow. Frederick tyouglass was also present. At Lincoln Hall Theodore orchestra played; Josh Billings, "the great almanac maker and humorous reader." used to hold forth, and Theodore Tilton lectured on "The Problem of Life." On April 7, 1876, Col.

John W. Forney delivered his "Centennial Lecture" in aid of the District of Columbia fund to provide a building on the centennial grounds at Philadelphia for the use and as a rendezvous for Washington visitors to the exposition. Phoebe Cousins and John B. Gough used to lecture there and the Barnabee Concert Troupe used to entertain. There was another dancing master of the olden time in Washington of whom the Rambler would speak, and there were others whose names will come to the minds of readers, but whom the Rambler has forgotten.

The teacher of whom the Rambler is now thinking was Prof. Munder, who held his dances at Munder's Hall, corner of 9th and streets. That was before the civil war. In these, days one sees a good many references to the "soiree dansante" and one might gather from the comment of young people that they think this is something new. The soiree dansante was a diversion in Washington when the people who are very old today used to cut capers on the ballroom floor.

Prof. Munder always called his evening dances "soiree dansante." The Rambler has looked up one of Prof. Munder's advertisements in The Star and has found this: "Soiree dansante: Prof. H. W.

Munder takes great pleasure in announcing to his friends and the public generally that his fourteenth soiree will take place at his hall, corner of 9th and streets, on Wednesday evening, March 18. 1857. There will be a soiree every Wednesday evening, the weather per mitting, throughout the season." In the news account of this soiree one finds a sample of some verv oldfashioned reporting lift which the reaSHsMMN 4r in 3w STREET, WEST OF TEMPERAS! CI A i ay th Her a Pandora's B03 Yet Presented i asury Department Offic Ones Were Made fc CAPT. PAUL KOENIG OF THE DEI THE DIPLOMATIC STATUS OF HIS not to be prognosticated. And so it is with blockades.

"A blockade to be effective need not be perfect. It is not necessary that the beleagured port should be hermetically It ic annurrk in a tha blockade ineffective that on some particularly stormy night a blockade runner slid through the blockading squadron. Nor it is enough that through some exceptional and rare negligence of the officers of one of the blockading vessels a blockade runner was allowed to pass when perfect vigilance could have arrested him. But if the blockade is not in the main effective, if it can be easily eluded, if escaping its tolls is not due to casus or some rare exceptional ftegUgfcgce, to general laxity on porter pays delicate compliments to the ladies, but does not give their full names, though, of course, everybody in Washington then could identify them from the letters used in outlining the names. It was not an unusual way ol publishing the names of ladies taking part in social affairs.

That old account follows: "Conspicuous wherever she moved was the exauisitely dressed 'Sicilian Miss Upp-n of Georgetown; as were also the rival 'Queens of Mrs. L-s and Miss M-. Sweetly pretty was Miss L-be in her 'Bridal as was. too. Miss Ca-thom in a modern cashmere of delicate tints most appropriate to the clear red and white of her complexion.

Miss Sh-r made a delicious 'Swiss and Mrs. P-x was much noticed in her Polish dress. But the cynosure of all eyes was Mrs. Munas "Marianna the Maid of the dress fitting to perfection her graceful figure. Of those dressed with particularly good effect in modern costume were Miss J-dge, the Misses McC-dy, Miss McC-k of Illinois and Miss B-y." "Aunt" Julia Hanson.

old building at the northwest corner of 6th and streets northwest been torn down and a new structure is being erected on its site. The site of the debris there recalled to the Rambler certain memories whicji he believes to be of enough interest to Washingtonians to be worth the writing. The Rambler does not recall anything of particular interest associated with the house that has been torn down, but it is of the house next door to it with which this narrative will deal. The house is No. 603 street, and its east side was laid bare by the workmen engaged in the destruction and construction on the corner.

In No. 603 "Aunt Julia" Hanson died by fire in the early autumn of 1902. For forty years before that she had lived on street between 12th and 13th streets, the site of her lilll If i 3, OR MARINrS, HALL. of Sul of Legal Tangles, Besi( Form of Concrete Casi Along as1 )r Period of the War. Hhkj' $, 'its', 1 ff y- fBBBSfefiHWBfll JTgCHLAND, WHO MUST CONSIDER OAT AS WELL AS ITS NAVIGATION.

want of efficiency, then such blockade is not valid." Now try to apply that ruling to the situation promised by the Germans when a regular line of submarine merchant ships will be plying between Bremen and American ports. Would the escape of the toils of the blockade be due "to casus or some rare exceptional Obviously not. Yet could not the Germans claim that the blockade was "not in the main effective" and that it could be "easily eluded." Could perfect vigilance arrest these under-water Or would there not home now being occupied by the Topham building. 1219 etreet "Aunt Julia" was one of the characters of Washington. At the time of the acldent which caused her death she was ninety-eight years old.

and had lived in Washington since 1823. She was born at Benedict on the Patuxent. British expeditionary troops debarked from their ships off that village preparatory to the campaign against Washington. She was a slave of "William Qrindall of Charles county, aVid Charles county, Maryland, in 1804, and 1 was therefore ten years old when the her mother was a salve in whom there was a large mixture of the blood of the Indians of lower Maryland- Julia was given her freedom by her master's will and testament, and among the records of Charles county is this: State of Maryland. Charles county.

I hereby certify that Julia, late the property of William Grindall, late of the county and state aforesaid, deceased, of light complexion, about nineteen years of age. live feet three inches high, marked with a scar on the left-aide of her face, Just above the cheek bone, occasioned by the bite of a dog when young, wa willed free by the last will and testament of the aforesaid William Grlndall, as appears by the testimony of Fielder Green, one of the executors named in aald will, which will bearing date the 30th day of September. 1811. was proved and recorded in the records of the orphans' court of Charles county on the 25th day of October in the same year. In testimony whereof I hereby subscribe my name and affix the seal of my office, this 16tn day of July 1823.

HUMPHREY BARNES. Register of Wills for Charles County. the year that Humphrey Barnes made that certificate and it was because she was leaving home that she needed that paper to insure the continuance of her freedom. Coming to Washington, she was employed as a nurse maid in the Wallach family and attended Cuthbert, Richard and Douglas Wallach when they were children. She was also a nurse in the family of Philip Barton Key.

A good many years before the war she bought a small house and plat of ground on 13th street between and streets and when the character of that section of the city changed during the war, she bought a two story house on street, the number of the building standing there today being 1219. It was in 1826 that she bought the property, paying for it $4,000. The board of public works readjusted the grade of that part of street to make the street level, and Aunt Julia's house was left on a high bank, reached from the sidewalk by a flight of stairs. Aunt Julia did washing, ironing and sewing in some of the old Washington families, nursed and sometimes it is related of her that she once peddled milk. Some time during the 70s Aunt Julia, having improved her house, converted it into a boarding house, and during the years she conducted it many prominent public men, members of Congress and government officials, boarded there.

It was splendidly furnished and the service was equal to that of the numerous other "fashionable boarding houses" of the period. An effort was made in the 90s to wrest the street house from Aunt Julia. In 1839 she had married Anbut lived until 1876, dying in his seventy-seventh year. Some of his relations, in 1892, brought suit for the street house, claiming that it had been bought with his money. After long lldgauon inc caac waa uetiucu iuvui drew Hanson, the ceremony being: celebrated by Father Donelan.

assistant pastor of St. Patrick's Church. The husband was a dance fiddler and played at hundreds of the balls and parties of early Washington. He became blind soon after the marriage, of Aunt Julia. Aunt Julia sold the property in 1902 for $56,000.

Out of this sum she contributed $10,000 toward the building of the Church of the Sacred Heart, on 14th street Just north of Park road. Mount Pleasant. She handed over the money to Father McGee, who was of St. Patrick's Church and who, the Rambler believes, was the first pastor of the Church of the Sacred Heart. Aunt Julia was bmarine 1 ies Her Million-Dollar es to the State DepartWell as Possible With be a situation in which, on the one hand, the allies were exhibiting sufficient vigilance, in which they were employing all the force customary to a blockade and using that without "a general laxity or want of, efficiency," and yet where, on the other hand, the Germans could claim that they were not spasmodically but regularly sending their submarines out on schedule time, "easily eluding" the blockade and rendering it "not in the main In other words, would it not be a situation in which it would be impossible to apply existing international law? Another little problem which is very likely to be presented might arise from the duty of the United States to preserve the neutrality of its territorial waters extending to the three-mile limit.

A squadron of allies' warships will hover along the three-mile limit off the Virginia coast awaiting word that the Deutschland has started on her Journey home. It will be their game to come as close in to shore as possible when they hear the submarine is approaching. Now, ordinarily the United States would send a warship to escort the German vessel to the three-mile limit in order to make certain that the allies' cruisers did not come within our waters and that our neutrality was protected. But this cannot be done with the Deutschland, for she will duck under the surface while still within American waters, and after that no one will know her course. She may come up within the threemile limit or she may head straight for the open sea.

How is the United States to make sure that she gets out of American waters before she is attacked? It has been reported as the most likely course for the vessel to submerge within the three-mile limit, proceed up or down the coast within territorial waters and then to come to the surface at some distant point still within American territorial waters ior a last iook arouna Deiore masking for midocean. These are but a few of the problems likely to be raised by the introduction of this new craft, the super-submarine merchant liner. The submarine warship did enough in the way of wrenching and twisting existing laws. For a time it looked as though that problem would get the better of the United States, occupying the precarious seat of the world's chief neutral power. Thifs far at least the United States has succeeded in saving itself by clinging to the policy that until new laws are accepted by all the nations the old laws must stand.

Sometimes it has been a hard task to stretch these old laws to cover the new situations, and Secretary of State Lansing, in his formal communications to the powers, has frankly gdmit wmmm I 1 MARIXFS OLD DANCING buried from St. Patrick's Church Thursday September 18. 1902, and is at rest in Mount. Olivet cemetery. It was after the sale of the house 1219 street that Aunt Julia removed to the brick house 603 street.

The Carroll Family. npHE Carroll family of Maryland, like many other of the old families of the colony and the state, was a large one, and the duplication of Christian names has led to many errors on the part of those men of later days who would trace the activities of the various members of these old families. A case in point is that of Daniel CarT-nl 1 Ramhlpr Vi? ten that It was Daniel Carroll, called also Daniel Carroll of Duddington. who owned which tract "stand Union station, the Capitol, the of Congress, the Senate and House office buildings. the east part of the Botanic Garden.

Garfield Park and a large district of South Washingthe property variously called Abbey Manor. Cerne Abbey Manor and Duddington. which extended from the line of street north down to the Eastern branch, on ton." He was a prominent man in this part of Prince Georges county. before the creation of the District of Columbia. and was a prominent man in the affairs of the early District.

Under the act of Congress establishing a permanent seat of government for the United States. President George Washington, January 23. 1791. appointed three commissioners for the purpose of running "lines of experiment" and performing other services in connection with the creation of the District of Columbia. President Washington's "letters, patent" to that commission follow: Know you that, reposing special trust and confidence in the integrity, skill and diligence of Carroll and David Stewart, commissioners for surveying the district of territory accepted by the said act for the permanent seat of government of the United States, and for performing such other offices as by law directed, with full authority for them, or any two of them, to proThomas Johnson and Daniel Carroll of Maryland and David Steward of Virginia.

I do in pursuance of the power vested in me by an act. entitled "An act for the establishment of the porary and permanent seat of government of the United States." approved July 16. 1790, hereby appoint them, the said Thomas Johnson, Daniel eeed therein according to law, and to have and to hold the said office, with all the powers, privileges and authorities to the same of right pertaining to each of them, during the pleasure of haii ted that in some situations he thought this practice did not fully meet the ends of Justice. For that reason he urged upon the belligerent powers the adoption of a modus vivendi or operating agreement that would serve as law for the period of the war. When that was rejected the United States was obliged to insist that they "THBEE-THQ1F EF one is interested in the honey locust tree he should saunter along street from 12th to 13th, or the spectacle may be enjoyed just as well if the persoin will walk from 13th to 12th.

The trees are there and the double row shading the smooth and quiet street furnishes one of the arboreal attractions of Washington. They are tall trees, probably from fifty to seventy feet high, and the foliage is light and graceful, as is always the habit of the honey locust. The trunks are dark to blackness and rise straight from the ground to near the topmost branches. Up and down the trunks and along the big branches are tufts of leaves and thousands of spikes or spines, which distinguish this tree from nearly all others. East of 12th street stand a few honey locusts with wide gaps between them that have been filled in by the planting of hard maples.

It may be that at one time street for its full length was planted with honey locusts, for it was quite popular, or at least quite promising. as a street tree thirty or forty years ago. There is no break in the lines of locusts between 12th and 13th streets, there being sixteen trees on each side of the street. On the south side of the street is a green lawn one square long from which a few trees? white pines, tulip poplars and others? rise. That lawn fronts the north side of the Children's Hospital.

Southside ivy has thrown a green mantle over the wall of the' hospital from the foundation to the roof, the center building being four stories high and the long wings flanking it on the east and west covered everything except the windows and the small porch at the north entrance, over which is a black sign lettered in gilt "Children's Hospital? Incorporated 1870." On the north side of the street is a row of small twostory bay-window brick houses with small lawns and flower plots in front of them and separated from the sidewalk in some instances by iron railings and in other cases by wooden palings. street west of 13th Is planted with broad and branching plane trees. The honey locust is an interesting tree. Of course, all trees are interesting to persons who understand them, but the honey locust is an especially individualistic tree. Sargent, the den- i drologist, says that the honey locust 1 has many qualities to recommend it as an ornamental tree for the decoration 1 of parks and the borders of highways, It is easily raised from seed, grows 1 rapidly, is not very particular about 1 the kind or quality of soil it in, 1 is extremely hardy and remarkably free from serious disease and the attacks of disfiguring Insects.

Sargent says that it can support the drought and dirt of 1 cities better than most trees, and that 1 i I i KT LI 11 lisoMH 11, Is KJIfB! B- wv 11 ICADEMT OX STREET. the President of the United States for the thae bring. The Rambler has written that it was to these commissioners that the new territory or district owes the name of and the capital city the name of "Washington." The adoption of these names by the commissioners is fully explained in a letter which the commissioners wrote, under date of Georgetown, September 9, 1791, to MaJ. L'Enfant. There has been'a great deal of confusion between the names of Daniel Carroll of Duddington and Daniel Carroll the commissioner.

W. B. Chilton of 2015 I street has written to the Rambler that this is a mistake which has got into print so often that It seems almost impossible to set the matter right. Mr. Chilton writes that Daniel Carroll of Duddington and Daniel Carroll the commissioner were two men.

Daniel Carroll the commissioner was the son of Daniel Carroll of Upper Marlboro, Md. He was born July 22. 1730, and died in April. 1796. He was a member of the Continental Congress and of the United States Congress, and was one of the delegates from Maryland to the federal constitutional convention.

held at Philadelphia. His nome wg: near Forest Glen and he save the Ianon which Carroll Chapel, or St. Catholic Church, stands. Many of hi descendants and also his mother, was Eleanor Darnail, are buried Daniel Carroll of Duddingrton was a younger generation and lived unt 184P. His father.

Charles Carroll, wo a first cousin of Charles Carroll Carrollton. Daniel Carroll the commissione married an aunt of Daniel Carroll Duddington. If the two Carrolls wen otherwise related it must have bee! very distantly, as their ancestors cam-, from Ireland independently. Daniel Carroll the commissioner wa the brother of John Carroll, the first American archbishop. Mr.

Chilton writes: "To correct another often-repeated statement I may adcf that Daniel Carroll the commissioner was not a landholder in the District of Columbia, while Daniel Carrol) of Duddington was. of course, one ol the original itschland get along the best way they could with the law they had. But now the submarine merchant ship promises to raise even more questions, and also to upset, in some respects, the difficult and not altogether satisfactory adjustment of existing laws that was made to fit the advent of the submarine cruiser. ACACIAS" when full grown few trees compare with it in the beauty of its massive dark trunk and spreading head and in the grace and lightness of its lustrous foliage. But it has some drawbacks.

It is hard to find perfection in a tree as it is to find it in other things. The lateness of the honey locust in taking on its foliage, which does not come until most trees are in full leaf, is accounted one of its serious drawbacks as an ornamental tree, and the litter of its pods V.ac qIoa cnntathino- A in demning it as a street tree. The honey locust is known also as the "three-thorned and its official name is gleditsfa triaoanthus. In favored localities it reaches a height of 140 feet, and occasionally a trunk diameter of or six feet, though such diameter is uryusual. a thickness of two to three being common for the tall and old trees.

The honey locust reaches its size along the valleys of the smaller? streams in southern Indiana and Illinois. It likes rich soil and keeps company with; the black w-alnut. shellbark hickory, red elm. blue ash. box elder and the tucky coffee tree.

Smaller forms of this splendid tree also seen even on poor and gravelly land. Sargent points out that the honey locust grows naturally along the western slope of the Allegheny mountains in Penns.vl ania and ranges westward through southern Ontario and Michigan to eastern Nebraska and Kansas and southward northern Alabama and Mississippi and to the valley of the Brazos river in Texas. The spines, which are undeveloped branches, are three or four inches long, either simple or three-fbrked. are very sharp, rigid, long pointed, thickened at the base, and red at first and bright chestnut brown when fully grown. The legumes, or pods, on big trees are sometimes from twelve to eigrnteen inches long, dark brown, walls thin and tough, a thin, papery inner coat and a quan? titl of sweetish pulp between the seeds.

They fall in autumn and early and every child knows about them. Baking Soda Very Useful. THERE are numerous uses to which baking soda can be put. apart frnm thf r.cu fit and ones of cake and bread making: First of all, It Is an excellent remedy fon scalds. When milk is on the point of turning sour a pinch of baking soda dropped in it will restore it to its natural sweetness.

A thick paste mads of soda and water is excellent for cleaning glasses in which milk, ice cream or other greasy substance has been standing, or even when there is no time to make a paste, if the fingers are dipped in water, then in dry soda and the greasy part of the glass is rubbed around with them, the marks will quickly disappear and the glass become bright. Lamp chimneys treated in the same way will shine like crystal, while if a lamp burner is boiled for half an hour in soda and water it will cause the lamp to burn with renewed brilliancy. Soda is also excellent to clean silverware. Mako it into a thin paste and rub briskly, then wash in hot water..