The Times from London, Greater London, England • Page 5

far ptil mW or year, end daring that tin be picf Mtljr Mti8J Uil great deal of frictloe had beea aaved. They teals, Bot ditguite from thea, itlT last sliding scale, especially daring rweeat nm, had fallen ibU cootiderabl disrepute with the Verkssea, and he believed there was only ee ear. viviag tlidiag teal. uJ Utl wit la Sooth Wales. Om o( the difficulties arising from the1 operation of Ik sliding scale had beea1 iu slowness to working, err fcitUy wbea there had 'been a rise in the price of material but it wit every feet that bid lb aUdia tcile, if tbey took the list is operation (or aeoesi drrtble time in the Northumberland coalBeld.

in ofontion to the present tin only would thry hive avoided suite of. 17 weebt to the North tuaberlaad coil trade, bat reacllcally they weald bare been as nearly possible et the point they bid retched after i considerable Buctustioa in price, and titer the workmen bid.u advance of of more than 10 per cent. Thit would istooiib the workman because they were Hoder the tmpresslonlhat thcT had get to or? than any sliding scalct wool hire riven them. Sliding tcalcs were it i discount with the Northumberland miners, though the notice for the trntinaticn of the sliding seal was givea by tlx" em lithe employers CCB1.1 lure roe ior a icw nweth. tbey weald biro aroiJed the disastrous strike .1 i)w Cm, and everybody would now tare en i tatter fitln fir the coil trade w.

cocc roed. As caste, thev had got over tbtt in the roil trade. There wit always open row tewtrds ttie employers ict and although for tbe lime 'being irbitrition bid failed ud the siidisf arale thrown aside, ttill tb'e joint ronutiitt iiitl. uJ ccocilittory mthodt pro Tilled. id ir iftrr Tir i jmt namlvr cf dirpotrt rousJ i Uhl inJ mitter.

(I1rn.) Mr. H. rittlwi thoafbt tb? purpone of dtpat. it wit poibI to bite i SUte do pn taBt of witb prrmtBrat officiilt, ind wttliS pb lio impirtitlity ttl firrjrj Mr. J.

LHK bid more fiitb in coneiliition tbia tn lr. tVicnix r.ICBlrsox tiid it wonld be i rtep ia rifht' idirecticn. 'frcta tbe nnploTrrt point of cic if i coRBiittee in lettlrmest of dupqtet wit mail w.rouible. ind it ilto be (etter if tbo wc tk oen ernld fie patter powers to tfcr ir dele ftttt. Tbff diCraltieti be tbongbt, would be fTiJaiilT rrtstTeJw Vt.

WiTSWs bri4y replied. Pr. Olidttoae cert rcid the report of the reramit: appointed for the purpose of continuing the reliUnj to the teaching of science in elementary enool, whca stated Tbit tr bit beeb one of continued depression tn recird to tbe tetchin tf tcirnce in elcroontiry Kbdvlt iad of diiippointmect in rcgird to le)tiltiTe icuoo. Tbe retain of tbe BJucition Dpirtment for i utsuouuoo in mo teictUBj; of tbe icieBce tabjecU. Tbe ttitittietof tbe elm tnb t't for tit yean ire fireB in a table, wbieb tbowt ia irlstl deereue ia eletneetiTT tcimra pirittTe decreue in ceotrtphy.

Tbe return of rcholin tadiiidsaUy examined ia tbe tcientifie jx ci8c tnb jmm kkui or rciiuve nuinf off ia ererr tnbje ept mecbanif and ebemittry. The rapid asd tenent decreaw of attention paid to tbesetcience rabcu i it ibowa by tbo pereentire of children who have taken tnerfl. at compared with the number of tcholan thit micbtbire UkentbetetnbjeeU. Tbit de crew i from 29 0 per cent, ia 1882 3 to 16 9 in li. Tbe Uorernmest laid opon the table of the Hne a new Code which would hire had a ilirhtlj SraeSciil effect open the teicbinj of tcienee.

bnt it tit been entirely witbdrtwn. The Government bat ao tecxnicil Inttraction Bill thit year, rxcert tntt at tbe lat moment, and thit Jt to tecondary education. It wit burriel thronsh the Ctmaattee and final tacet during tbe latt week of tbe nnrj.Koeoe.ho.weTer, re introduced ti Bill with tome and it paused the tecond reading at a comparatively early period of the Mien but the Goreniment would only tire for iti rrorresa' thronph th tndrtanding that Terr teriout cbanpet were to be eade wiW At he could not accept these it bat not cnttee ttagc, and it was ultimately oiKKT (Biraicghim) tiid boyt at tchool aagtt common construction in ordinarr tnetti5e principlea. Legitlation tbould proridefor iii.u wis nearett uelr liret. instead of the education which iad which was almost a disgrace, to far at common scientific principles were concerned.

SIB Bexjiiiin Brow the School Boardt would be amazed at the high standard cf the oualifi rstion of the ladt who came to his firm to (be jtu Ecineers. necenuy one boy of 13 year are came to him. and be fiiled to puxile him wif prowems rrom tocua. Uit opinion wat that what Tf be done voluntarily wit better thin whit toubl be done by the Government Sir Benjamin Browne then read Apprenticeship in the Enrineering and Shipbuilding Indnttries," which the followine is abstract To be a good mechanic, long training is Decenary i aai iMte all. to know rood work from A regular course of progrest from one clast of work to isomer should be carefully followed, so at to teach every class of work up to tbe most difficult.

In thit tie real interest of tbe employer it the tame as that tl lad to learn every ttep thoroughly, and then past on to tometbing rather more difficult. 1. It tbe training of a manufacturing workthop absolutely necessary, or can any substitute be found 2. It tuch "'Hf "its it necessary, or is anything else re Quired to supplement it The writer contends that a rTJ manuiaciorT is absolutely necessary: fct that jtu certainly ought to be tupplemented by Uearetical and technical training. Eeferring to the oi empioyen as lo the latter, the Elswick orkt nearly 40 Tears age commenced the Eltwick Mechanics' Institute with science lu.

fnr tieirapprentices. This was lest common then than it gooa wort aone by thit institute hat Te7 Ft1; SSce tben rod clasiet bare ln Newcastle and when the firm. E. and W. Hawthorn, wat reconstructed in 1870, instead of commencing new classes, the partnen decided to pay Ue feet of every apprentice who attended any evening class approved by the firm.

Betidet evenini classes, if it were possible, it would probably be a great gain to give a lad tit or eight months of theoretical teacbine when be was fat nt apprenticeship. The old fashioned tystem of apprenticeship, not much shortened, and witb xm caijotu, ii the only reliable method for either employer crnecbanic to learn their businett but at work hat become more tcientific and elaborate it it abtolutely neeetsary or any young man who wishes in any degree to excel that be should have rood theoretical and technical training in additional to hit factory ex A paper was next submitted hv TVr tt Rntherford (Newcastle) on Technical Education," of which the following ia an abstract The nt duty of. the nation was to broaden, to uveriiue, ana to penect the common school educa. tion. Greater elasticity should be given to it.

Boys aad girls have to ate their bodies as machines! They si uHia, ucreiore, nave some knowledge cf the nature. construction, food, and work of U.n of the conditions under which their highest power can be economically developed. The manual exer eijet cf tbe infant tchool should be continued thronch all the ttandardt. With tbe subjects of needlework, cookery, drawing, and modelling in tbese. the girls will fiDd enough for the training of the eye and the band.

To these may be added joiner work for tbe boyt in tbe tixth standard tboughit is an open Sestion whether joiner work should be commenced till tilth standard ispassed. Till then no special preparation should be attempted for any particular trade. No employer vf labour, except under exceptional circum f' engage a child who has not passed tbe tixth ytandird of ia elementary tchool, or an equivalent examination. There should be no balf timen. except i F't' certificate are declared iS tt.

of fonr orBvehoun' Tte ttinf the foundt tW Ti? Lte? tfcbnicil edue.tioa are these l) The inheritance by our children of a rtroug jtvcal cwjsUtution (2j an improved physical education at tchool (3) looser the ioSmoa tchcol: (I) a a general education "(5) a bigber moral Uaining (Cl thorough instruction in the Unouriblenest of minual labourTand in tbe dutv and advantage of a buty, active, indestrious life. Coder an improved tyttem mmary edocation, an increis itg number of cbitdren wjuld be tble. and would iwuced to co lorwird to the secondary school. The Kbvol should be continued ind increiscd bv laWt.it4 work Beyond tUt point it' ft doubtful whether tbeV frssicr. iLt caucitioo can only be said to becin tic scientific principles, on which the trade rests Liu been mattered, and when there it sufficient knowledge, of art to, enibl the apprentice to read drawings with accuracy and facility.

To reach that a course of three years instruction will required, and' when that time cannot be given in the tecodary day tchool it thonld be completed by attendance at the evening The mediaeval wat known is a university, even though wit composed, wholly of tmitbt or coopers or tuiin. Ia the reign of Elisabeth it wit enicted tUt bo prrtoa should exercise any trade or myttery without Living served a seven yean apprenticeship. tie judges that ttatute wat held as applying only te tbe tra4ea then existing! All tbe new industries, ateh at those of Manchester and Birmingham, were thut exempt. Eventually, through tbe influence of the actings of Adam Smith and tbe political economists 1SH, the ttatute of Elisabeth wat wholly repealed, fct might etcape the danger, monopoly, and txrlotiveness without throwing away tbe advantages training. Tbe trade unions have, to tome extent, taken tbe place of the ancient guilds, and it tar them to consider whether they woold not confer a benefit npoa tbeir class and apoo tbe country by "pairing i certain term, of appreaticesbip, or some evidence of cipacity for work.

from their members. The foregoing paper was followed hj one. by Mr. Edward J. Watherston on Manual or some form of technical instruction a necessary element of compulsory system of which the following it an abstract The author points oat that while school accommoda W.

ilM Ior nthechildr wbe abooljl be Blliag tbe teats this 5.300,000, tbe Vteadaaee la 1SU was only 630,000. His COBUbUob it that the. instn.tlM. I. achocOj i was mechanical.

Uftlsss. ind unedacst Lwk hiileal lastructioa, which we lid react on tbe ordinary tabjecU of edaea' leuLSIiJ fti? "Vilfal scientific iandjcraftsBiea when they ro into tbe world te ear. th ir lly.libood lb. lor the facUry' the chemical vorksl or tbe loom. QaoUag ber Mtfestv't l0t) BltoB.ycoM toward oaihty of tbe children's attainment in tbe Uiree a wbs is peine dona re THE TIMES, TUESDAY.

'BEPTEMSISB 17, 1889. the def teacbtag. I lierJhe call, inlo rufslTioa 8iJ i.v... oiaiDission. who, to I'bllitt M.n...

V' contrasted with the rWshfit I 11 Tbe author ri scuooi in ine ikae eSflSflt ",1 iMtrUCtloa i. i I l'm7 course, but great stress nJ addition tbe T'k i two or three boon a week. .7 pew aoou urev noun J' kiw woru. jirery thiag matle bt the, boyt it first drawn out reometrieally sue pcnooi is aa witn abundance of tools. A very large nurtherl nwdelt an.1 other tbingt have been civen tai the krhnnl ij is iiierauj coverm ment the tanj)krd exlmlnationi and the banishment of that frightfijl fcJrtnbla." the percentace of nasset.

With absolute (Ifee. ooi to thoj localities is to the currirulum rrF "3 orements or tbeir children an.1 with nlirf of elsssifictt ioa to the teachers we may toe n1 I may bhta roe rsf i teachingjLnd frekultt which will bo truly valuable to oar industtiil pcbulitioul it. IV ,1 uueo papers anu mo section Until 11 o'clock tomorrow SlCTIOK O. MKCHAKTCUL This section reiiiiiKW nnr1 of Mr. WllianAndcrs'on, D.C.L., M.I.C.E.

Major4iencral Webber read a paper on Tho Distribuiion of Electriiity in Chelsea, with Accumulators as tho nmn source, of supply." lie said I Acentnnlatinn rT 'I r. effectual faittributioa cfj electric light from a centre oensciy intabitol area, and all randid mlnded jwople admit iu Electric lrMn 'md, the half hearted support ft hat received, and that pro grets hi not been due to the tupcriority of the trttemt cknnloved. trt A tv, 1. having Men taken up one or two. believers in the loture on the particular tyttem they have backed.

Chelsea, I in which work under a provitional order taken, it) aa average town ditrict tho only excep swry wiuj uibi it partly r' iuum, mo propwais maae ri iu ioji uu 1000 ana those that have beea carried out in 1888 9 are nearly identic lmt nill tnt' while lin the; cheaper tyttemi with aerial liiios fnn.1 .1.1 .1 21rT liiwuc um hcwi iu me meantimd inverted, The cost land inconvenience of 01 uio lmpeaimenti to tne spread of electric lighting. There are, besides, several other bad work' by inexperienced penont. Electric light requires careiui tpecittcation and skilled supervision. The Board of Trade relet and fire insurance rulet arelrettrictive. But in tpite of htmpering re ttrietiont by which gat and witer distribution are not hammered tbo anostles of alofn'oif wilU andmutt, succeed in the end.

The meten used in Chelsea in th 1 i Hookhamt" and. the Brush meter. There are inconveniences connected with tbe installation of transformpn in buildings which need precautions. The author then described the tyttem. of laying the mains, arid gave an account of experiments made in r.

I iu "mi wat mown as the a 4 imuwgrouaa electric mains. The fundamental advantage of the tystem wit the power which itl give for drawing in and out of the cbnducton when their insulation required Jfm 1 Af ron.1 V. i ordinary (occasions, and in an emergency. aucse ngures cy a moderate Inrther outlay could be uud migut maae me statement! that every dwelling must tsko the electric iTTj uouoi any tencme which did; not now provide for tucb an end bat from tr to mm tint me quet tion wat still Tery obtenre, and that the end wat ttill i or ujo svsiem tnat tne cost of the mains was less than any other tyttem, and that tbe working cost was liu tVisn th.t systems. I Mr.

nrT.nJ.. 1 on Prerantinnn tn Ko Urinr1 1 ajigut isiouppuea oyi iueans ot Transformers, of which the following is an abstract ia a paper entitled The Fire Bisks of Electric I.l i i it U. ,1 pf the British Association in 1883, the author urged, he country, me necet tity or regulationt and the adoption of proper safety appuauceiL ine are insurance companies have nni yenally rdcognixed tho importance of baying the leads in the bouses thnrniivlilf mtnlitiul I cut outs, nd tbe relet which have been published by i jjigiuerrs. ina oy some ot tbe leading fire insurance officet, hire been to fir uro.oi any i miguiiuae nit been ciused br tbe electric light. In this paper the author 7 11 maj occur wnen trant formen aTe employed to convert currents of high luikiuic ior inn ucanaescent lamps.

The danger of, fire may be obviated by wu, wu Hwuiu mu sticrnsiuit; current of 1,000 vijltt or more break through the transformer into the house circuit dsnirernn chnV wn. taken by anyone inadvertently touching the lamp holder, or Rhmn mnrrnr xA V. 1 portion off his body wtt ia connexion with a 'wire of ODDOtite rwilsritr nr in cnrr ihd.T.... v.wucui. iiui possioiy occar, althoneli IHa t.Mrv.

nnM I .1 inuitiuoo ioa tne electro motive force was more than normal. Tbe con aii ions wiicn would cause such an effect are stated. and the Trreesntinn 1. i. ,1 HIUEI kV cim UiO aernndsev on 1 1 B.h i advantagetl or to connect one' or both of the leadt to uui "vuiu automatically atvert any excess current to earth, and at the tame time thut off the inrtfclv In IK.I ,1 I.

the fusion pf tbe lead wire or mica foils in the main cui ouit. ureev static arrangement, which has been adopted experimentally by tbe London Electric by the author, both effectually prevent any leakage from the primary to the secondary circuit. Numerous exnetiment Ksva twjn n. a I. 1 i rv.

.7 current of high E.M.F. will leaplacrost the two electrodes me opposite ems 01 a glass tube results differed considerably from those given by De la Bne in his experiments with a continuous current, and a phenomenon was noticed that the arc. after starting between the two 'points; ilmosfr invariably extended lUelf to a bow shape, ud jrsn back to the base of one or both of thM ndlinnml nearly alwjyt fused, leaving that opposite intact. PbotessoS George Forbes, London, said 'General they had bad on the subject of the distribution of electricity. Itlwss not riTTwitlitil A 1.

"trtu uvuo ut uu company, ana It wis the r.t 1. ii batteries ofltbit tixe and in thit way, and every one' innit u. (rim Ih. I .1 ug piper toat every part the tcbeme bad been thought out with a central stations, which bad been designed ou a new plan for thef tint time. (Cheers.) Mr row ill taid that dangen from the introduction than of an electrical nature, and he wat under tbe im pression uiu.iucy were almost aotoiuteiy iree irom danger from fire.

ir ir .1. vum cicbuiviui 111 ice uenerai Post London, taid an immense amount of in a urn iu mo system uescriueu oy uencrai Webber of electricity by accumulators in Chelsea, particularly: aa the first: attempt made at Colchester some yean Jgo was a'failure, but also because there nvuuuipuii. iic iu very great commence in them. (Cheers.) He bad been a staunch advocate of accumulators since their intrndnrtirtn intn thl. Mr.

Hedgetlwat guilty of a terrible berety when he SDoke of thai rtatir nf and overground wires. He spoke aa though the insulation of the' baderground tyttem wat far inferior to the overground tyttem as a matter of fact, the reverse uuucrfcrvuuu system not oniy gave a very much higher insulation, but it' did very much mors, it a 1 1 from rlertrirjt k. jt 'i'1r 10 pertont, and to day they uurers irom ore. as wat oiten electric light in your house and you will jabsolately safe from any fear of your bouse beinr bnrne1 dnwn 1 wU very Ereat mistaae. There was not the sUghtest doubt about it that there many bos greater ol are by ia troduelng tbeeleetr light as there wis from intro dneilr rat Th.

lF Ji 7 arose irom toe ate 01 imperfect material, iad especially from tbe employ, ment of inexperienced men (hear, bear) also for the worth nir.ir. i i 3 1 r'r we wem. 11 gooa material were Med, if eiperienced men were employed to the electric, light wat absolutely safe. As regarded danger to a person, that was cjalte a different thing, lie alluded the other day to a strange remark I .7 uvvcttniugja or power or fr 7MJ a maa touched a wire be r.IT.. bsolBtely latmscientifio langaage rot." (Laughter and cheers.) The 8 UU of Ac "Btki exeeuUoo scinded thit iil "VK tToblUedM oecaase they could not set sufficient cower to kill a eertty; ne remembered in one occasion r.w ''rerimenu with aa eoormous Induction kl 'a'rdrVh ZAVK ia.

loB, to is agguter ana cneen.i VreeceJ.bat be was not 2 1 "wiy wniie otner animals S3 uwT1 M' were my of to frTit, hlonel Armstrong, st Chatham, took shocks thatj supposed to kill indi. I 1 'if Th incimea 10 try again. 1 eBcejwat that electricity with riinJT.0 Unger 1 waa cnirny nonsense, fjewspairl correipondentt very often got up tenia. ih rltrs a case at Brighton only i i iii" 5. ooo irom a wire.

Tbe Board 01 Trade nt Hnm r.air v. 1 .1 .1 so investigate, ana he tound that the electrio current had been turned off cbeersT WM kfIIed (Laughter and IVofessor G. Forbea read a paper on Electric lUSLUfS. lie said he had not thrf slightest doubt that in tbe yTUew tbe steam launch as used tO dsy On the Thsma. I v.

i bo; tbe turvivai of the fittest, and the electrio launch would take the place of the steam launch. The electric launch was free VI? the Elections of smoke and oil. ami at much 11 od 'til th tmall speed itrjn vi tuv trauc. mere should be a sufficient number of charging ttationt on ud uiu louna mat me charge in the accumulators was certainly not exhausted in 40 hourt. TsklLff roe ar.

1 .7 vvouiiuimsiiim into ronsiaera launch Uuncb wat cheaper than the steam Mr. Edward Manvillo road a paper on Series Electrical Traction (Northflectj Tramways)." 'laaroeco gave an interesting address upon Telenhonin LonJon and Paris." i lie said tho question of 'telephonic communication betwera London Vi i cry mucu occupiea tne atUntion of electricians ib Paris as well as in London. A desiro to establish this communication had J. i Qt rosts and Telegraphs in Paris. Thev hd dnJ I.

i to it, and it had occupied hit time considerably i nut uo octicr man Dring the suoject before that sect on. The distance between London ind IrU wa t. i' wu maae up oy .4 miles from London to Dover, ZJr miles from Dover to Calais, and 180 from dalais to Paris. The mere act of speaking by telephobe oyer a distance of 275 miles was practically nothing. Distance in telephonic matter scarcely entered into tbe quettion at all.

If they bad a wire, orjtwo wires, from tbe earth to tho moon they would probably be able to speak with the inhabitants of the moon, if there were any. The difficulty wat one that arose from the character of the materials used and from tbe presence either of 1: cable. It happened that between. London and Paris they bad to deal with the difficulties of underground work in London and Paris, and the fact that they had ki W7i' ncrl7 Cr0 the Channel a submarine a YZ' tucy naa ipoxen irom Hew lort: to Chicago, a distance of nearly 900 miles. When he 100; ne apose Between jxew Xork and Boston, a distance of 350 miles, and at nreaent in th A gi.4.i i I aaar7, UlCID were nUI piSCCS OVer SOB nil.

m.m i.I.L 1 myrni vc.wccu WIUCU CDDHDCTClSl telephony wit earned on. Ho bad recently been in I arn to look into thit question. In Parit they bad established nnjnn. I practically between Parit and BrusteU, a distance rouia to into tne silence box in the Bourse at Parit and could make an arrange ment wim nit iriena at iSrussels to go into a similar box, and they could talk together for three minutes for three francs. As a matter of fact, it was the success of tho Parit and Brussels telephone that had excited the desire of communication between London and Parit.

Again, be tpoke between Paris and Lille, a distance of 138 milet but the longctt dittaoce and the most interesting experiment was when he tpoke between Parit and Marseilles, a distance of 600 miles. not mo least aimcaity wnatever in carrying on conversation with geitlempn in the box at Marseilles. In these cases they had no difficulties like those that were met With between London and cusvii wi iu.ucrgrvunu wiro was in 1 arts, where it amounted to about two miles but viu uuiiuuu wi iti iucj uaa mo underground system of London, they had several lengths through tunnels, and they bad the 21 miles of cable to surmount. There were certainly difficulties in the way, but they had succeeded in finding out what these difficulties were, and when in electrical matters they once knew what the difficulties were the remedy was very simple indeed. As regarded cables, he had ex Knmented between not only Calais and Dover, but tween Dublin and Holyhead, and between South Walet and Wexford.

These two latter cablet measured CO miles, and be had certainly been able to speak. In this district and its neighbourhood the wires were almost entirely underground! The telephonic system in Newcastle he believed to be tho most perfect in the world. (Cheers.) He v'tited the telephonic ex changet in America and on tbe Continent, and he did not think there wat anywhere a system that worked with such regularity and with such rapidity and was manipulated 'so well aa the telephonic tystem in Newcastle on Tyne, which jhad grown op under the fostering care of Mr. Arthur Heavyside, whom be saw in the room. (Cheers.) Here they grappled with the question at once by putting the wires underground, and people had always asserted that it was impossible to work telephones underground.

They found it wat possible to work them to a certain dittanceand they knew tbe dittance exactly, and tha nr.lv ,1... k.J I electrical quantities. Onel wat tho capacity of the circuit, me power that (it had of ttoring1 up electricity. After the current went in a certain amount of it wat ttored up fat it were, and did not appear at the other end. JThe other quantity was tho resistance which tho wire offered to the passage of the current through it.

When tbe product of the current and the resistance amounted to 15,000 speech was impossible if 12,500 speech wat possible if 1,000, good if 7,500, very good if 5.000, excellent and if 2,500, or under perfect, so that they bad a scale by means of which they could tell at once, given any circuit between anjf distances, whether speech was good or impossible. Tbey found thit, taking the w.wccuiuiiiugil SOU 1 STIS, using copper wires to the shore, in each case they would "alatil WUU1U UQ BDOUt 10 verify that he bad an artificial line, one exactly on tl ir.A uo pumuQ representing tne wire from London to Dover, another portion the cable, purtiuu me wires in rrance. me result wat rhat speech with a product of 12,500 was fair. Bat it wat a iyery difficult thing to satisfy the unscientific mind with an artificial wire in a laboratory experiment. It fortunately hirmened that thr mnl.l throughout London there was fan underground system of telenhones.

snd m.VSn i n' through London to Baldock on the Great Northern line, be was able to reproduce tbe actual line that represented exactly these conditions which be mentioned aa being those likely to be mbt with by using standard uu. rr. sue result was teat they 'poke with great ease, ind no question whatever was left that communicatibn between London and Paris was perfectly practicable. Mr. Webster read a paper on the purifica tion of seu airn and ofir l.u organic matter by eleStroIykis.

SlCTIOIf H. AjfTHROPOLOGY. This section raet arainlin tha rmbliu libmnr Sir W. Turner, the President, presiding. A report of the Anthropolopcal Kotes and Queries Committee was submitted by Dr.

J. G. Ij arson. Dr. arson alsd submitted renorra nf the Anthropometric Laboratory Committee, and exhibited a new anthropometric instrument specially designed for the use of travellers.

Mr. Francis Galton. F.R.S.. exhibited an instm ment for measuring the reaction time to sight and sound signals. He explained that they heard much about the quick ts of bind and eve.

When anv nn nF vl.A thing be made a movementJ ind between the sight and the movement many physiological processes took place so quickly that the I flash of lightning was nothing to it. The instrument be exhibited was intended, to make an accurate measurement of tbe time which elapsed between the seeing or hearing of anything, and the time occupied in making a certain movement afterwards. Two gentlemen in tho andience tested the instrument, and it was found that from the times of hearing sounds and stopping a pendulum it took them respectively 19 100tbs and 22 100thi of a tecond. I Dr. WlUEKroRCE Smith tuggetted that the instrument might.be used to test fatigue in school children.

Dr. Thomas Wilson discoursed on The Smithsonian Institution in the United States of America and its Work relating to Anthropology and Mr. H. H. Risley next (read a paper on The Study of Ethnology in India." Professor A.

C. Had don, M.A., read paper on Some former Customs and Beliefs of the Torres Straits Islanders." I In the absence of Dr. Beddoe, F.R.8., a paper by him was read br Dr. J. G.

Garsoa on Observations on the Katural Colour of the Skin in certain Oriental Races." Dr. Felkin read a paper on The dermal Temperature of the Soudanese, Kernes, and Europeans in Tropical Africa." Ha also rd a JfJfar on Zht) darancu of; Sensibility, between EuropMn. The section then adjourned. and In the mninw there was a large attendance, ia Dnll hall, to hear a diaeourM by Mr. Wa ter Oardiner, M.A., F.L.8., Fellow of Clare ii Vi rT, lu6" nirwrsity juecturer in lxxanr, luau juaintain xnemteivet in wt Struggle for Existence." Mr.

QaapiiiK ipoke first of ordinary English scenery, men at it to be ound at tbe Bridge, Clare College, to fall of quiet and to suggestive of repose that one may not readily discover sim. m. for existence. Ia tropical scenery, the virgin forest 01 'uiuu ior instance, these signs are so clear that they have been recognised again and agiia by every thinking naturalist who has ever visited tropical regions. Any comprehensive view of the phenomenon of life upon thoilobe clearly points to the one eoa elusion that all nature is in a perpetual state of aetperate i warfare, and the keynote of bis address Tr TlZ ol nature, the care for (the ibsolute disregard for others.

In all cases tbe we.keit goes to tbe wall. He then quoted evidences of the struggle for existence in the plant world. JViu peroii'ieo. Seed dropped by bird germinates on fork of some the jack fruit (Artocarpu, intyrifolia), tends long root into toil, gradually ipreadt itself over, and suffocates the Bnfortunate foster mother, fleradruisi gigantnm. Allowed to teed itseU freely.

On Jane 1, 1889. 573 teedlingt had germinated, on August 19 105 remained, the missing ones having been killed by the more vigorous turvivort. weerisa. Brazil nuts are contained in each fruit, the fruit being inde nlscent. All seeds germinate at once.

The imost vigorous gets through a small hole at the tip to the open air, and strangles and feeds upon all the rest. He then showed wh.t nl.r.t. tv. struggle for two main objects their own nutrition, and the reproduction of their species by means of offspring, which they leave behind them, and for which they make adequate provision. The two master functions, nutrition and reproduction, often stand oat clearly marked the one from tbe other t.g., in the Talipot palm, where the period of leaf bearing it succeeded by the period of fruiting, the latter belnr accompanied by the final death of the whole plant! On nutrition he explained the protective adaptations associated with the mainly nutritive organs.

Mechanical contrivances. Larea forest tri. rnr mn high) have buttressed trunks. Large leaves in palms (often I4ft. long) tied in at the leaf base, young buds of many tropical trees hang vertically down "V'P0 "I to expose the least surface to I sun.

Prickles and spines developed immense leaf of Victoria rtgia is protected from fish, which in ruing from below might rupture the leaf tistue. Patrols of ants attracted. Ants nrnvidod with honey, and food. Similarly Jpomoea panitvlata attracts ants ty racemose glands supplied with definite iucts, twe of which are nresent in aaeh lr junction of blade and ttalk. Daring the unfolding and gTOWth of tbe bud special mechanisms exist.

Thus water glands occur at the apex of each leaf tooth wuicu proviae ior tne escape or the superabundant water sucked up by root, otherwise the delicate leaf tissae mirht be runtnred. In leives on a cold night drops may be seen escaping from the teeth t.g., balsam. Other glands are also found which secrete mucilage or resin ami so protect the young structures from the effects of excessive drought t.g., ferns and other plants. He discoursed next on reproduction. The importance of this process is sufficiently obvious from the enormous expenditure of material and energy plants lavish upon' it.

Hodgtonia extraordinary Indian climber with its complicated structure and great beauty, opens for one night only, and shrivels np and falls off the next day. Amorphophallut Titanum, with' its huge inflorescence (the largest in the world), although it takes months to opens only on one night and tben only for a few hours. Coming to flowers ami the contrivances to insure fertilization. SlatdevaUia muteota (an orchid) has a sensitive labellum. An insect alichtinr on it and tonehinir m.

shot Into the flower and held a prisoner for some time. Protection bv means of sticky hairs. Cuphea tiltnoidti is protected from the attacks of insects by very numerous hairs secreting a rum resin. Many insects sre caught and as many as 7,280 may be counted on one plant. Plant protected by ants, bat flower fertilized by some other insect.

Plumhann ratra. h. nectaries on tbe leaves and flower bracts which attract ants, but the ants are prevented by sticky hairs on the calyx from obtaining access to the honey in the flower. Some plants depend. upon the enormous quantity of seeds produced t.g., the wild carrot which, moreover, sows its seeds by instalments and at different timet.

Others sacrifice the advantages obtained from a wide and depend upon tbe formation of a few seeds, suitably placed in the soil. This plant.in fact, bat a mechanism for itself, sowing ccu oeneim mo son. or purpose! of distribution Cnci'nia ir erica it ir has its fruit provided with small hooks. Small birds nnshla tn tbe fruits are occasionally rni ht tnii Jamaica. Stina cennata'.

a crass, bores its wav into tho ground and is even liable to bore its way into the bodies of sheep who are so unfortunate at to come in its neighbourhood. This occurs in the prairies west of Red River colony. Contrivances for assisting plants to maintain themselves in the strnirele for existence are by no means limited to the higher plants. Tbey exist also In the fungi and the algae, even ia the smallest and most microscopic of them. uampie 1, ronji.

uaiAru (rtacaeus, a (jueens land fungus, has an oranre red eolonr. and spores smell strongly and are embedded in a sweet mucilage. Colour, scent, and sweetness are the usual advertisements used by the, higher plants in connexion with pollen dispersion. EmirAc nlni Th of the alder has wonderfully hooked fruits which are potsibly carried about by tiny Aeari, c. Spores are shot out with somo force from the mycelial filaments of the fungus which attacks and kills flies, Emjnua mvMae.

Tbe ergot CUricept purpurea at the time of spore formation secretes a sugary nectar, so that flies are ittricted, and eat and disseminate the spores, just as birds do stone fruits. Tbe spores of Sclerotinia Vaccina have an almond smell, are gathered by bees with the pollen, and being placed on the stigma of healthy flowers, infect the ovary and prevent the fonnition of seed. In the race between tbe pollen train tnbe ftha richtfnl n.nnl nd myeelial tube down the style the fungus always wins prcus itseu turougnout me tissue or the entire ovary, producing more spores for the bees to gather in mistake again. II. Algae.

The resting spores of Desmids microseonicallv smill trmm re frequently covered by a spiny sllicious coat. These probably prevent them from being eaten by juiliojww, sue protoplasm or certain cells ot Otdogouiutr. eiliatum (a resh water filamentous algal are in the habit of escaping from the cell wall and beginning life anew. This production of the to called warm spore is probably not wholly unconnected with the existence of unfavourable conditions t.g., bacteria on the cell wall, deposits of lime on tho cell wall, tc. Meioearpiu.

another filamentous alga, carefully protects its chlorophyll plate from too bright light by taming it so that it shall receive the proper amount only. Should external conditions be exceptionally unfavourable the protoplasm of tho various cells powerfully contracts, and the filament resolves itself into its various constituent units which sink to the bottom of tbe river or pond and there divide up and start afresh. The lecturer then referred to some special points worthy of notice. Various adaptations by members of the same order the Cucurbitaceat cucumber family in the matter of seed distribution. In ScAisoearpuv.

flijormt the seeds escape through a number of slits in the wall of the In Ecbalium tlatint the seeds are violently and explosively shot out in consequence of the sudden rupture of the fruit stalk SecA ium tdule is indchiscent contains only one seed. Zanonia maeroearpa dehisces at the apex by means of valves, and lets oat winged seeds of extraordinary beauty, which, aided by the wind, can cover very appreciate distances. Vinous adapt at iont by membert of the same genus e.g., the CUrodtndrom. Clerodendron Koemferi attracts ants bv on the leaf and calyx. Clerodendron JUtvlotum does the same, but also provides a home for the ants in its hollow stem.

Clerodendron cephalanthum climbs iby means of peculiarly modified leaf stalks has a multiplicity of buds on the axil of each leaf (instead of tbe usual one) and also possesses glands upon its leaves. Such families as this may well jbe regarded as accomplished, bat at the same time tbeir uiuus contriTinces are simply so many marks of a cruel and fierce fight. Protective ro associated with new annual growth and germination. Dioteorea. n.

each new oeriod nf nnwih re duces at first inconspicuous shoots with smill leives wnicn are peculiarly modified into climbing organs. When well established and in the coasctiion of proper support large preen leaves appear. Hodgtonia hettroclita here again the shoot on its first appear ance is darK purple and inconspicuous, with the leaves present merely as seales. It can then scarcely be seen in tbe tropical forest. Moreover, it it a lateral thoot and not the main terminal shoot which it first protrudes above rrormd.

A sernnd the main terminal are held in reserve against possible accident. When it has reached a certain height it produces tbe normal largo leaves. Tbe accumulation of protective contrivances in the same individual. BlumenbycKui Uitronami the flower is at first upright, and is fertilized in that position. As the fruit develops the flower stalk elongates, and the fruit is gradually and gently placed upon the ground.

Until quite ripe it is protected by stinging hairs. Later on these wither, and the fruit is distributed by means of a second series of grapple hairs, which cling firmly to any passing animal. Strophantus kitpidu fruit when ripe opens, and lets out a nnmher nf mu nificent plumed seeds, which are carried by the wind. The ha Irt forming the plume are sensitive to moisture and dryness, and are each capable of moving through an arc of 180deg. The bain spread oat in dry weather, I iu ILO iccu iut csrriea OJ WO Wind.

XheT close np tightly when the rains come, to that they may not interfere with the placing of the teed close to the ground and its consequent germination. Sooner or later they break from the teed. Pirtimlsr tationa contrived for particular classes of Insects, te. ajoa aa a.w oy Dowers of rvs ttrcta an orehi i. The ants are toe larn for the Bower, but they, visit it for the take of the boner and get caught ia the mucilage.

Thus both flower and an I suffer. In conclusion he spoke cf the mutual adaptation of plants and animals. In tome instances Counteract it tmd samnl Its arfflefimi 9 9 3 Canari nut develops a hard shell, which protects it from, most enemies, bat the black cockatoo reeipro eatea by developing a wonderfully strong beak, which rtTTT Tr lormea wita a special view te the Canari nut. Insects also often imitate parts plants for tbeir own benefit. Tho lecture was admirably.

Ulartrated br lantern slides, and at the close a cordial rota cf thanks was passed to Mr. Gardiner. ELECTION INTELLIGENCE. sleafordL After a comparative loll in the political campaign on Saturday both parties in the leaford Division were very active yesterday, and already 60 meetings are frrwrixl lot the present week. The division iseing largely placarded with pictorial posters representing scenes ja Ireland.

Speaking' at Heekington last night, Mr. Chaplin claimed that although the Government had taken offiea at Uim nu.l difficulty they had succeeded in thef administration of me aaairs 01 tne country in a manner which be maintained gave satisfaction to the vast majority of the people. He dealt with facts and istttistics demon itratlDZ the imnroved oiwfilU. ll.l pointed out that in spite of the difficulties which the Government had had to contend with in regard to Ireland, they had been able to pais much useful and beneficial legislation for this country. He instanced, amongst others, three great measures the County Government Act, the National IDebt Conversioa Act, and tho strengthening of tie Navy.

Tbe County Government Act would relieve! thU Wl cr something like three millions, ind bo asked whether that was not a fact for even Radicals to be grateful for a Conservative GovernrJentl Mr. Goscben's National Debt Bill did not receive half the attention it deserved, for reaUy it was the largest and most beneficial thinz that had ever nn for tbe country by any Chancellor of. the Exchequer. It relieved the country at once of a million and a half taxation a year, and ia a few years time it would relieve the country of three millions of taxation per annum. He vindicated the position he had taken np on the allotments question, and quoted extracts from Hansard to show the sunnort hit hU rin t.

Rill. for the provision of allotments. A resolution in favour of Mr. Chaplin's candidature was carried by a large majority. DUNDEE.

Last nirht Mr. Lent the nisdstnisn dressed a Urge meeting of electors. Before doing so he read the following letter from Mr. Gladstone Car Log cross Hotel, Sept. 10.

Hv dear Sir On (hmnk 17.... Hawardea I have seen Mr. Marjoribanks, and I rejoice to learn from him that yon are disposed to be uiauiuw ior asunaee on tne vacancy created by tbe unexpected as well as lamented death of Mr. Firth. I most sincerely hope that these dispositions of yours effect, and I believe that the long and familiar acquaintance of thai town with your abilities, and the confidence mA i.

r.ft your character, wiU assure the attainment of the best possible representative of the place in a manner most honourable to you. and most kdvlnt. Liberal cause. I remain, faithfully yours. W.

Gladstosi." Mr. Lens said his nolitieal lesd.r mM tr. Chamberlain, who had done all in his power to divide and weaken the Liberal party but Mr. Gladstone, who was not a backslider from loud' and flippant Radicalism to lower regions of reaction and the allurements of duchesses ind the eh.rm. dames, He approved of Mr.

Gladstone's noma Rnl scheme for Ireland, and said that if a Viceroy were still to be kept in Dublin, Lord Dufferin, an Irishman by birth, wonld be a fitting representative, ne was in favour of nome Rule for Scotland, and suggested whether chairmen of county councils should not be, ex officio, members of the new Scotch Parliament. He was strongly in favour of Disestablishment, also of an eight hours' day for miners, and for additional workmen and women being appointed to Government intpectorthipt. The meeting cordially approved Mr. Leng candidature. Last night the executive of the Dundee Conservative Association met to.

discuss tho situation. The meeting passed a resolution instruct of the executive, to write to Edward Jenkins, strongly inviting him to come forward to contest tbe seat as a Cnionist candidate. Mr. Jenkins is very popular in the constituency, but in view of the larire msioritv tv Lhirh K. a feated be last contested tbeTteat as a Conservative eandidated it is consideredj doibtful whether be PlTXRBOtOCCn.

Mr. Martan' th nl.rf,!. cindidtte, arrived in the city last; night and wiUmeet his committee to day. The combined Conservative and Unionist forces have a large choice of candidates, over a dozen gentlemen having written offering their services bat it is still hoped that jthe Hon. Charles Fitzwilliam may stand, though nothing has yet beea beard from Earl FitswilUam onl the matter.

In the 'Tent of a Fitzwilliam not standing, it is thought rJ ciius.uu win bo me canaiaate. lis contested a by electionwith Mr. Sydney Buxton in 1883 in tbe Conservative i ntr at 1 1 Mttnus (e party last night it was deeiied to support a xaoerai Liniomss 11 the leaders of tha nrtt eonld tnA a good man, and there was a general opinion that a nuuiii not stand. Stibliwo BrmoBS. At tv.

fermline Liberal Unionists and Conservatives, held ii nignt at Lmniermune, air. rurvts, (J.C., LL.D., London, was adopted as the Unionist eandidit in opposition to Mr. CampbeU Bannerman, tbe sitting member. Mr. Purvis, who was present, stated that he woold give his definite decision at the close of the present wees.

A committee to promote the candidature vt a saaoexms unionist nil oeen rormed. UNIVERSITY INTELLIGENCE. 3T i IK OXFORD. 8PTJ 16 We are requested to give notice! that in order to avoid collision with the Fellowship examination at Merton College, it has been arranged that the ex amination ior tee Classical Fellowship at Magdalen will begin on Saturday, October fi, at 2 30 p.m., and vbivwi as previously annonxced. INQUEST Last evening Mr.

John Troutbeek, the Westminster Coroner, held an inquest at tbe CThariag cross Hospital on the body of Walt Otxrt Clxtxelt, aged 13, an office boy in the service of the Discount Banking 7 I n.auuu i vnarmg cross, wno died from a bullet wound inflicted with a revolver by a lad named Walter George, who has! been remanded at Bow street on the charira of esnsinit hi. d.th tl. Harry Wilson, appeared to watch the ease on behalf of the accused. William Cleverly, a constable of the division of Metropolitan living at Peabodv buildings, Pimlieo, identified the deceased as bis son. iuicu tuat no ua oeen innisisituaticn only a fortnight.

He always spoke very highly of the lad George; and was on good terms with every one in tbe office. Mr. Lewis Simmons, a banker, of, 6, Dun cannon street, in whose employment the deceased was, deposed that in his private officelhe had a bureau with a nest of drawers on either side. In one of the drawers be kept a revolver, loaded jn five chambers, but one could not have seen it without ransacking the drawer.as it was carefully concealed underneath some knives. The drawer was not locked.

Witness kept the revolver in the office because be bad a very large quantity of valuable property there and frequently had interviews with strangers. On IThursday after S7 luucu, vreorge iiesier, Walter George, and the deceased in charge of the place. Shortly afterwards Heste informrx. him th.t the lads bad been playing with th revolver, and that icveriy naa oeen snot, lie returned hurriedly to the office, and found George quite prostrate. Cleverly was taken to the hospital.

In reply to the Coroner, witness said that the clerks bad no business whatever in his private office daring his absence. The deceased and George were really on too friendly terms, for v'7 Ur'in? together. Inspector prwuuceu a copy oi tne statement made by the accused at Bow street, iri which be said rross negligence in not securing jthe revolver before leaving the office, knowing as he did that the boys were accustomed to go into bis rdom also that George. Hester, the chief clerki was deserving of censure for leaving the premises without permission uLLrmg a uiuiiuum aosence. Sraiotrs Chabotu.

At tbe Northampton Borongh Police court yesterday morning John! Howe, the Governor ot ter Majesty's prison at Northampton Elizabeth tross, me matron oi us gaol and a local herbalist. Thomas William Whitchurch, were broaght tip in custody charged with committing and with conspiring iiii iTperstion on ace person or a female prisoner. Alter hearing formal evidence, the maristrates remanded the nriaonen ta rVd'A4 fl.i for a Much excitement prevailed in the town throughout the day. and when the prisoners were removed, to the policestation a crowd followed tbe cab cheering and groaning. It is reported that other arrests will be nude.

Thi Wot Menu am at GurrixxD. YesterdaT William. Thomas Hook, costermonger.lwat brourht on remand charged with the wilful murder of Us wife. Jalia Ann Hook, 1. Prisoner, who wore a very dejected appearance, had already been committed on the coroner's warrant for wilful murder.

At the ooenine Edonds)anoct5 that the Treasury had beea coaimmicaUd with, bat from a letter received it appeared they did oT consider It necessary to send any oat down to conduct tadez these cuaxmttaacei tha Beach must do the best they could, and tha Oriaf rrf.iu U8TEE3 AS SEA. News reached Plymouth yesterday of the wreck ef the schooner HeUor, of 8t. Vincent, outtixie Barb doe, on the morning of Sept. 2. It was reported thai the Meteor was running ia for shelter without having; been visited and being warned off by the authorities, tried to Uek oat again.

She failed to do so, wat driven ashore, and berame a total wreck. The cxettt were saved. A Beater telegram from New York sajs that that British steamer Godrevy. which went ashore oft Capat Henry daring the recent storm, hat floated. The Jornal do Bocift (Peraambnce) cf the 2d Inst.

states4hat the captain ef the English steamer Chat! ham, which arrived en the 23d ef Angast from Bin. Grande and intermediate porta, reported that, floating 30 miles from the Ilha Baza, and almost entirely submerged, ha encountered' the hulk of a schooner, with boat painted green at the stern and tnrroasded by several casks, with the following marks M.A. CV J. F. B.

Visto." On some packages was to be seen th name, Angra dos Beis. The captain of the Chatham said that navigation was rendered dangerous by the position, in which the derelict schooner was tituated. A Renter telegram from Auckland, dated Sept. 18, says that the steamship WainuJ, which arrived there last night, trcugtt the captain and eight ef the crew: of the ship Gars ton, who have a terrible tale to tell of the sufferings which they underwent after their vessel had been cast away off Stiarbuck Island. They escaped frcm the wreck in one cf the ship's boats, bat were only able to provide themselves with 601b.

weight cf food. This they eked oat to the last extremity hot for three, whole weeks these unfortunate men remained in their cpen boat cut cf sight of land, and for most of this time they were suffering the aentest pangs of hunger. They narrate that, so unendurable had at length their sufferings become, that on the 22d day they were arranging among themselves to cast lots in order to determine which of them should sacrifice his life to afford food for his comrades, when, to the joy of all, Waliis Island was sighted. Though in a state of excessive exhaustion, the shipwrecked sailors were able to make their way to the island, where they were kindly treated by the natives and missionaries. As soon as they were well enough to travel, they were sent on to Tonga, where.

they were ultimately taken on board cy the Wainoi. A Beater telegram from Philadelphia says that tier barque Alaylvia, from Perth Am boy for Copenhagen, which waa abandoned by her crew, has been towed into this port. LATEST SHIPPING INTELLIGENCE. i i.j wo uu coaaoci tne ease, Mr. C.

The edenee tEJrft Uk the inane on the body of the deceased. Tne tettimotry ef the witness Sarah Williams, however, vsediiem. JrlFfJ? Priaener several ItSfLIlTli A bovU decVl ttefore be SLlliV 1 he ease, wtdeh (nmt llottj's.) WEXCX3 A2TD CASTAXTTZS. TVs' Hsnaaoa. Csrmia sain, (rota Baas tsk Itr tae aat SOtUato atauri lias Irak; sad with maiamatt strut.

A Ulrrram boo En.no, Aim stats that th IvetOsb tavnroa lao, from Aarvsrp far Besario, took Ir ta sort, aod th Sr ss not ntiornUkta.anta ssacb damst dan to rarra by ftra ud watss. Tfes sesssl aas iwrivsd sUtht Injur, and aa kscB kswsd hue Ike) Boca. A ttlefrass stats that th Eatavia, British ttniser. srrrioas! ivsorttd psUlst Taacx to Hoattocg oadtr sail, hat reacht4 that. Ber ciUadrr emr I troksa.

Th Loch Carry. Brttbh tain, tress tk Ord for MtOowna, srri4at Msintius oo Asrast 3touCjtsastsdtxorpticf foremast, Abost ICO tees atrzo lsttisotsd. ratMafers aad crsw srstt. UoroTt scral st SoderSjuna ttlrtrssks tkat tk sUsssrr Omm. lor Ball, cargo vood.

lua stnailsd at StmiuDifraa. Crvw savod. Aaotker report ttstMthal Uls esptsia of salrst boat baa arrrrsd it 8tucsaad. and reparU ksTtif stsntsd tb Ozaa II wis Upotdil to ipproKh kr tk fils eat still rsriss Err ftrwtsast aai fimlw, tons, sods bcsrfMsbrsl lot stsr th rrtefc. las sslrart boat will protetd to krr tk ralsw ndmuii A tdegna (ram GUtrow states that tb steamer Honxsnsa.

tnm thClrdfo Jsauita, prrtioaaly rvporUd sslM, was floated wa Bandar Bicbt and beacbed at Cbarch Bar.SatbB Islaad. Wonlat Bsobsbly kn for Ci xaock lsst aisbt. Sradin sll liihun sad to back roll of seesrsl carro. Tb stesarr CIvclaad.wbIcb ttrasdtd ett Gandia ea Aarast IX baa btwa floated. A lelrzram rrom rallsdatpbia sutc tbal lb rnya, arwaclsa bsnaa, bat bsra absndomt.

Crsw saval. A Ulcarsm from Boston ttalM ikat tb Citae, a baraasvbaa bsra pasasd at swaCataadoocd and waterLiizsd. stent at Its York talerrasbs thittb Crrnwa tttBr stsrssli teoooded, bat was assisted off arpsmitly mi.jurrd. Tb British cleaner IoUatborfrsm WCaieztsa. for ia Eltw rtata, ass pat Into 5w Tork la $urss.

Tba Rtwtiaa barqae Am, free Mobil for HoU, has put into Vark baains baJIy. A Ulezna from TarBOBtb, 3f.B., stilts tbat tb Cisa lis is, Worwvrisa baruae. trrm esacols for Ueatamileo. wis i aaoa waurleistal oa Wsdsssdsr to Ua it taas. ST W.

Crow tskra( by ta. Xdiib atarr. tnm Cuntoa far UiomI. ind taadet Ts ssoatb. SJJ.

Lloyds taut at CasUstowa. IsU of Man. ttlcsTaplM tbat tb tenv itsamer Quora of lb Islas. of Coawsy, Hfbt, foe ktartton, sank ea Bandar eS Bibama LLfbtshis, thrsifb tb start acipeiotv Ora und. A tsiesnss froai Cceabarsa states tbat barawaj Tb Caioa.

cboeasr. of Bslfsst. froa laoodaadtrrr, tucrst carre. Is labor at Bat! roast tUr. Tbt barus lady Clsdri.

from Antwerp, kit arrived at Cafdli wry wach tUmarsd about dacks. aa. tbroath th raosal svploslasi a) Aatwsrs. QrABAxrnrw sonct. A Werratt frtia La boa stats Qairaatla oa arririU firsej Vio lua, lma rsiwd." TORZTr.S AKr.rTALa.

AccTtAim, esea. 11 Aactlaa t. Sbtrpasat. Baittaas. nVpc.

14. Ssruisb WiurJ. tb Crda. Caixan. laca.

SnadavUad. I CuntKiT. SVpt. 14. ucaai.

toodoa. Si Toss. Sett. It Brectnhau(b. it KJelJs.

pHIUEttrni. g.pc Kotwrt INsoa, fcartna flslstlrl, BalV Utstaclsyeablai. gbiaMs. i Kio Jastiao. SVpl 11 Msolaalra.

1 nadoe. 1 Bisearoaa. Seoi 11 raJds. Cardiff HHoarsts. tl, sad Cab Botban.tL.

U4dwb Kik Xu, it, in lurs HTBSIV. Oopboctrs. Laadoa. Vt vies. SVpt.

1. Hvoo se. st. Imrponl VicroaiA. V.L.

Sspt. It Laba. UnrpoaL WaXLUeroa. Brpv. 14.

Zasuadia, Laadoa. rOEriO ait.ntna, ALSfnla. The, tC LrrrrpsoL I Ajrrw.t ar. Sept. IS.

txiardsn. IJvtrpsol, UiaaALtaa.8rpt It Swrrna ior Union. saaxtisc j. erpff. it.

acouisa la aaa, HtlL Bxaoaroas. BrpS, li EuyvW. L. tb Uaiud Klsfdaat nOMC ARBITALS. Banrrot, Fept, It TCUaa Bans, IWmioda.

Caanirr. Kert. 11 Loerat. ft. Vsraa.

Dtar. Bttt. Ii Off. Losdon. Uskoa.

Dcsui. aeii. Ii. Bad tutor sad Vikng. iL.

Smw Tlrk. u.oitb;wp& ia. inu, jtmw lore rbs lloDircb. St. ant Lord lAasdowaa, SL.

i t'aasuavoirrH, arvt. aits as sr. st, Bota Hcxx, Sept. ll Baalatbt. sa.

Awtsasal Mabrt, at. Altai aodr KMoaoan, Sept li Eugby, st, tt Black Sea, Est. 11 Ceaoaa. St. Pstras.

Lsna.Mct.ll Kaaa. at. Coprabifsa. Sept, It Caiooa. tU Bona VUtnU, St.

Konlssb TS Llilirooi. Kept. It Aliae, st. Tstiaoiis. Spt.

li PassClaa, Bar Vsrte Oporvt. st. Lisbon Eatiaeer. tt, Tskacia AM Coot, st. Moattnidso City 'jf Vsscbestrr.

st, lamsruc Iasco.v. iMrd Grstesrad. cWpc. IS. Ulkirai.

fTlrlttlsnta'i torops, Cle.bors For Hurrry Commernal Docs. (fwsablrda. 8mid.wsU AUWi. St. Bin.

For tUrratt rl. rO, 8aalswill Vnti. Urobsk. tor Urwmbitba gklold, kToUs. Pos SioruilWl Jorsra.

Kotai. Pie WKlrh Hops. 11 Diaai. Lovaa GKaasaraock. iad TruiliTt.

rv, nurrnarr iTbsvtafton, st Traport tiama, Boaaiain Colot nV sa. rvouotm vnti. nsnoarf Euucr. st, Ctoast xJsW. W.

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ItaneUsa. Pot TUbary Dock. Mu st. nambarx. Por Tirtorti Dock, Sat star, ronrmi Glmmhj.

Calcwtta. Pov Mitlwiil Dock, Zaira, st, HmlL Borrry Cottuasfciil Voc. CowmminMb Fowler, tt. Mraitl AlHUes.WiborT 4ua Wainv Illksa, Pits, S.iinov iad CsaipbsU. soadswiu Summer Poaf.

MraMt Uoas TMm. ibatW vemsn. Uirnoawi For Krtmats rinil Tbor. 8wanwk Maotai. stea.

For British aad Pomra Wtsrt Lapwiac, St. Bof deaaa For UnwehUaa. Cbnstlaa. Igus Pot 5ottaSwitv Asataa sad Arptuna, Ufruuol For itrrrntl Caasl Wbsrf. CantsUJ, Hem.mfKl Vkotfti, Pitea.

Pov fcilvrnawa. Brlmoat, st Bitta. For Watriwica. AJcxaa.lrr. Knafors UUrr.

Xaoev Hii. rum i flieioiana. at. ouaaaa. asps, II Siorfaia.

Vs. apresao, Eeatri SX trtaltoo. Brpt. li Tda, jsuuV ecpt, la. Aurora, EaS Falssa.

st, Bsaisaf. frttoTn. Sept. 11 Prrebroot. St.

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at. Batata Ajiaa Trr, at, Tarratnai Fiayrs, taPism Pottsaua Kaprsta; Boaaos Atrcs. Kr. 1 1 VWm mX. kiwi FAlLaA.

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Malta Way. FaraamtaFa, Bwistaa. Sera. 14. Lord Snll.

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tisrtatta. men watzx at lodo skjdgx nns dat. Mtaia.tXVarl!Xtwain( ii sua. iSatt. Gab EXaftouow at Axsxbjhot.

At o'eloclf yesterday morning an explosion occurred at the Alders shot gasworks, which caused considerable consterna tion in tbe neighbourhood. The report wa very load, and the shock made itself plainly felt ia the town, althoerh tbe works are situated nearly a mils distant. Those residing ia close proximity were naturally mack. there was no damage except to the building itself. The? exsloalon was broarht about br a Itiiir.

I iw meter ream which became fall ef gas, and a light were blown to the ground, aad the damart Kara. eontdderahle. Tba night watchman ea duty Tmntmlitlfsi after the exrioai on turned the rat tnrailr eff tid prwvented any further disaster in the war ef Sre front taking place. Tbe town Volunteer Fire Brigade war aorU' Ttt? rr" lear l. Vat thair aarriea ware aat called intn a.