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The Times from London, Greater London, England • Page 3

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The Timesi
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London, Greater London, England
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THE TIMES, JANUARY 9, 1883. TEX VNTTBD STATES. (Tbom or OoMwroxpmr.) rHU lDEiniU. Dse. 29.

183. nsCtttel States Senate has passed the Civil jjtietlUfon" BUI; which has been debated so air ly suion 'We mlM fcriiy of the House an believed to favour it, a rpci tt become law, This taltheoch introduce! by Senator Pendleton, nta Democrat, was substantially a Rcpub aod had tb fall support of that well ol part of the Democrat. It opposed, however, by a Democratic aority, who objected to handicapping their rerty ia the use patronage just as they were LsU into power, and characterised the measure riaa for keeping the Republican in office sentiments were plainly avowed in debate, xoi they poetpooei tbe final rote for a fortnight by 0 thorottj. bJK with which they carried on the ithete. Tbe overwhelming exhibition of public nliseat in favour ef a reformed civil sorvice, setrer, camel the Kill through, in spite of De ccratic opposition, and its final enactment will mStbtr mark the opening of a better epoch in LMcticoi of American official life, The roto ass 3 to 5, and there were 14 Senators paired, so ttt the ectud ratio was AG to 12.

Of the affirmative were Republicans, 1C Democrats, and th ether ma was Yice Prreidrnt Davis. The 12 stire rotes were all Democrati, among them Ick, Brown, and Vorrheva. Senators pirard, Lamar, and Penileton were among the De saocrata supporting Senator Sherman is tie only Republican of any consequence, whose time i net recorded in the roto, ana it is believed list he had little faith in tho measure though not desiring to eppoes it. Senator Peaileton, who will I advanced to tho. nk of a Democratic candidate for tho Presidency before that party's Convention in 18S4, mainly on account of hi successful championship of this nua isre, istredueod it into the Senate more than a year a0.

a the opening of tbe last Session, Di rember 6, 1SS1. It was referred to the Civil iScrvico CcmrfiitU, sad reported back in somewhat modified form oa March 29, 1862, being substantially a similar measure to that proposed tor Congress by tbe Civil Si rvice Rform Association of New York. It then akmrerid until the vsMon closed, other Bills usually rushing it si ie, but the Democratic sacceseee at the totumn elections directed popular attention to it, and it wss called up early in December, and has been kept pretty steadily under coca deration in the Senate until fintllv passnd in essentially the same form as originally reported from the committee. Tho main change was the aJcitloe of an amendment prohibiting political this point the innate clinched yesterday by unanimously passirg another Bill pro iiuticx officers and Ltrployt't of tbe United States fr.tm coUt ctinu from or paying to each other any coney for political objects. This Civfl Sertice Reform Bill is in 15 sections, and the point of the opposition by some of the Dtiaocrats was madeplain by an incflcctual attempt It Senator Brown, of Georgia, after the Bill had passed, to have tbe title amended'so as to read Mi Act to perpetuate in office the Republicans ho no control ti.e patronage of the Government." The Hill creates a Board of three Civil Service Com miesiorers, with minority representation, and I salary each, to be appointed by tbe 'resident and subject to removal by him.

Ihey are to prepare and enforce Ciril Service rules, providing for cxnpetitive examinations of applicants for ofhee th.t appointments in the Washington Departments lhall ba apportioned among the States and Territories acc rding to population; that promotion shall be on the basil of merit and competition tbit oficials shall riot be under obligation con tribute to any political fund, and ball riot be removed for refuaing that their political action shall not be coerced by other public servants'; and tfcut the Cora mission shall make an annua report to the President for transmission to Congress. Regulations for the examinations and appointments are provided, and also a chief examiner at $3,000 suarvf with other officials. The Commission are to elect at Washington and in each State or Territory, when examinations are to be held, not less than three rsons in the official service as a Board of Examiners. Collusion or corrupt action is to be punished. The heads of departments aro directed to arrange their clerks and rmployes in classes for examination and discharge or promotion, as deemed proper 'by the Commission, and six months after the passage of Act no one shall be employed in the Government service who has not ptssed the (lamination provided, excepting labourers or persons honourably discharged from the army or aary.

Where two or more members of one family are employed in the public service, no other members lhall be eligible to appointment in similar grades. Ih reception is inhibited of the recommendation JAMBSTOmr, DAKOTA. A doxaa years ago the Bed and James Rirer valleys were known as vast hunting grounds and tbe wild haunts of Indians, were traversed occasionally by military detachments and post traders, and constituted part of the great American desert. The soil, climate, and profitable capabilities of the country were regarded esso unpromising that some of the bold, adventurous spirits ho pushed thus far west remained for several years without taking np any land or attempting its coltiration. It has only been slowly and within the last Lve years that these far reaching prairies have been demonstrated to be superior wheat lands, capable, besides, of growing good i.att, grass, and vegetables, and paying fcandsomcly for proper cultivation.

The rich levels of the lied River of the north and the great territory of Dakota, which covers 150.932 ajuare miles, or about tw cfths larger than the area of Great Britain, if intelligently and fully cultivated, might produce sufficient breadstuff's, not only for the 02 millions of American subjects, but afford besides a moiety to supplement the needs of the more clciely.peopled countries of the Old World. If ever these far reaching prairij are largely devoted to wnesi, me sian oi me musi, inaeej, do aounaant ami nglects ar gives scant attention to his own crops. In farming, as in many other American enterprises, the tendency is, with inadequate resources, to aim at tos ambitious projects. The Cooper Brothers, who are located 32 miles north east and are getting a railroad driven through their 46,000 acres, with depreciated bonds secured two years ago their lands at about $1 60c. per acre.

They have built barns and stabling, done about eight miles of ditching their taxes are about $15 rr section about one tenth of their property is now under cultivation i this year they have 75,000 bushels of wheat averaging 20 bushels an arre, 20.000 of barley, and 13.000 of oats. A little further west, the Gray Brothers have 8,000 acres, oca fourth is now broken one ekhth was Under crop this year the wheat made an average oi Dusneis an acre. At optntwooa, xne next station east of Jamestown, a farming company has begun operations. English capital is helping to convert these prairies into wheatfields. Mr.

Richard Svkes, of Stockport, with whom is associated Mr. Hughes, has 50,000 acres near the Mouse Rirer branch lines, 30 miles north of Jamas town, and nearly an equal area to the south has about 4,000 acres broken back, set and ready for wheat so soon as the frost goes, which it usually aoes towards tne middle oi Jiarca uuuam SBJS SOVDAN. The recent defeats of the Mahdi, or False Prophet, and the despatch from Egypt of fresh troops tinder European commanders will, no doubt, soon bring about the restoration of the authority of the Khedive, lately threatened in the regions of the Upper ile. It may now be interesting to describe the principal features in connexion with tho great province of the Soudan, with the conquest of which the namo of the ex Khedive Ismail will be inseparably associated. The Soudan is, as its name signines, "thecountry of the Blacks." It surrounded on the east, north, and west by a belt of desert, which at the narrowest point is nearly 200 miles in dinsity, and the approach to it by the ileis rendered insecure on account of the deposits which frequently block the passag? of that stream.

Thus the Soudan has at all times remained a province apart from the. main current of Egyptian lifo. General Gordon inclines to the belief that this was the caw even under the greatest of the Pharaohs, and that some of the most remarkable Egyptian rulers were content to exercise a portly nominal control over the dirk skinned tribes of Kordofan and Darfur. The same authoritr has written that it good farmhouses and breaking 60 to 1W WM boundary of the desert that kept the acres on each mile section is thus rrepannc homes inA inri j.l and low priced. Western farmers aver, however, for several score of Bottlers who may hold on tho in.rt tv snare svstem bv tease.

It has been numoro but vcraciouslv remarked that there is more got by stealing in the East or in the old country. Geaersl Gordon whew he wrote th tollowinr lines: There is bo doabt that if the GertTMseats France aad r'cflind da not pay mere attcatiaa to the Eoadaa it taY ia BAt MtAUUS Vlutiwm kmvfi I a. Tribuals sad see that jojtic done, tbe disniptioa cf uv ouvju irom vauv i diaraptkn, mareever, wQl FABUAUENTAKT OOUBTMBim. (non jl cozimonsrr.) It was pointed out during the debates oa the "Tjr tit this measnr. might do much to dastroy I net end the trouble, for tba the good understanding that has hitherto existed tbey da sot establiaa at KLartcnm a bcaadt ct tke UixtA nbi aiarapaoB, mareever, wui net ena tronUes.

lot tbe ut gooa unaemanaing last sua nnaeno exuua Sc Uem tbront tieir alliea in Lowrr Eeypt tk. EIck Utween the two Ereai cartiea, both ia and ent et souiera, a mean wiu carrf on ueir eaoru la caito i itself. Now, these Black soldiers are the only trtops ia the Parliament. Everybody who knows with what Kgptiaa service ithat are worth asythinf." virulence, and sojietimes ferocity, political strife The suggestion has been made more than once is carried en in foreign countries must view such a that it would not bo a bad thing for Egypt if the I prospect with real disquietude. The good feeling Soudan were abandoned; and this is a simple which has characteriied party struggles ia this solution of a position of considerable i diffi country, compelling political rivals to be courteous culty.

But some very strong considerations in debate, tolerant, and ready for compromise, and can be shown against the adoption of such also enabling them to remain friends in private a policy. In the first place, the withdrawal life, is something altogether English and unique. It cf Egyptian autherity would mean the triumph of has been witnessed with admiration by foreigners, tha ilxvn tinTdinr class in narticnlar. and tha and unrnA of tli mnmt prospects of abouahing slavery in this extensive hare striven, by precept at least, to introduce it region would be proportionally' darkened. Seven among their own countrymen.

They filled, because eighths of tho population of the Soudan are slaves, they could not understand that the secret of the but, knowing that there is other career open to i pleasantness which pervaded English public life lay them, they are as contented, so long as their the respect shown by the party in power for the masters humour them, as if they were freo men. rights cf minorities. Some English advocates of The pledge of the Khedive's Government to the cloture virtually assume that minorities have enfranchise them in 1889 carried no real meaning no rights at all and should this doctrine be carried' te their minds, while it seemed fraaght with the in practice to its logical conclusion, the result mnit i i i KJF Eroper, tun system oy lease, it nas oeen numorauii, has made tha Sondanoa and tho jI.Tj t. i''. rer bushel, and when Sir.

David Oru p. of Jlpsxri. John Fowler and of Leeds, who has Uen prospecting this summer throughout the northwest, introduces steam cultivation untiringly working in busy seasons during the great part of tho twenty four hours, and sowing and reaping, as. well as ploughing, are effected by steam, even this moderate estimate of cost may be reduced. Fully live sixths of this country is capable of profitable occupation; four ffths of it might bo placed under arable There aro few mountains or absolute wastes, no forests unfortunately, very little' timber," excepting along river bottoms and crocks.

Marshes or ste here and tliere near rivers or lakes, usually afford useful meadows either for summer grazing or for bay some of them, at moderate expes.se, can be drained. Throughout some of the natter, wetter portions of the Red River powerful ditching ploughs, drawn by ten or twelve horses or oxen, aro being used to throw up dry, firm roads and furnish on either side of serviceable waterways. Tho black. soil of tbis country, rich in organic matter, the dilrit of thousands Of etc ps of prairie grass with, rod or burnt, ranges from 15in. to is a friable loam with, ut stones or tree roots, usually eating about 1 for the rim breaking.

The subsoil in tha Red River is a yellow cretaceous clsy westward throughout Dakota 12in. to of marl is interposed between tbe top soil and tbe clay the country is more rolling occasional beds of gravel are met with, especially on the knolls, and sandhills are not uncommon. Throughout this region during the last few years the population and area of cultivation hare been doubling annually. Along the great railroads, which are exteudicg tbe ever jridening limits of settlement, villages' and towns are springing np at intervals of 12 or 15 miles. Excepting a few scatttrvd glacier deposited boulders, stones are scarce.

Tliere is seldom time to await the manufacture, of bricks, and the first buildings in villages or on tne larm are oi li.mber irom the Canadian, Michigan, Wisconsin, or Minnesota forests. Once a town site is fixed, stores, schools, churches, and municipal buildings quickly follow. The pro tits of wheat cultivation ana the appreciation in the value TURKISH FJSANCJS. Of in1 Tfrvr fif irTl An aYTVJTn YVvl mam mnUVH? to no doubt, and that is giving the reasons that induced him to vote forth. 'u I 3n tbe her elher th8 be that thefinal suppression of the trade was cfJfurr, stated that the system of compromises pre assignea to military ambition or to some new sacsa more likely to be retarded than accelerated by the vented the Government of tho day frem ever carry of political necessity, the fact is clear that, very I success of the Mahdi.

Again, it is not at all ingmeasnrea which bore the full impress of their shortly after the prcsen dynasty was established probable that a successful semi militxry, semi opinions but he forgot to add that this at Cairo in its quasi independent pesition, I religions confederacy in the Soudan would be which the Opposition were always called upon tc expeditions were sanctioned for the purpose of ex content to maintain a pasaive attitude towards co operate with the Gorernasent in framing Acts cl tending its authority ever some of the races of tha its neighbours and the tranquillity of Lower Parliament, caused the Opposition to acquiescs ucUn. Mehemst Ali was able to congratulate Fgypt would be continually disturbed by the thoroughly ia these Acts when the became law. himself baton his death on tbe conquest of Sennaar aggressive acts or threat, of those who even now ITothing has helped so much to develop a respect and Kordofan and the tradition of the House not 1 have a fall belief in their ability to vanquish any for law among all classes of Englishmen as the unnaturally became the further prosecution of the number of the Effendina's soldiers. No one with submission of Parliamentary minorities to acccm scbemes of its greatest representative. A variety the interests either of Ervpt or of civilization at plished facts in legislation.

Moat cf the measures (From om Cossf intisopli Coekzsposdest.) Three Commiaiior.i of reform, instituted in October by orders of the Sultan, have been at work with a spasmodic activity which has allowed them already to announce that their reapeetive reports will in a short tiaae be completed. That of the Miaistry of Public Works has even now presented conclusions, which seataia nothing saore than self evident thoughts, so oftan repeated that they have become almost as tiresome, as those hackneyed phrases of immease unemployed resources of the empire," vast unexplored mineral wealth," aad benevolent intentions towards all classas of ay subjects, without distinction of race or creed." This tame outcoma of the legislative wisdom of Turkish officials has been received wAb that lanruid, inert indifference and scepticiinV. into which public opinion in this ceumtry has b4eu so steadily tutored by repeated deception, and tho invariable blasting of its hopes from tbe results of innumerable former Commiasions, for all kinds of projected or promised administrative ameliorations. On this occasion there is, it is true, a powerful inducement for putting into execution the recommendations ef the Commission, because the financial condition of the country has become so precarious. At a recent Couneil of Ministers the subject of the urgent necessity for bettering the financial situation was anxiously discussad.

It may seem to the uninitiated rtadar that this primary object with all organized govtrnmaat should be one of the natural, elementary points, which would not exceptionally, but ordinarily occupy the attention, and be uppermost in the minds of the ruling statesmen for the time being. But in Turkey matters administrative, no leu than of a social and moral character, an conducted under systems and methods quite different from those which ebtain in Western countries. Ia other times, 'still within the memory ef the of circumstances, amunir which tha ennidit of Europeans and the desire to ascertain the sources of the Nile were not the least important, contributed to impel the Khadivial Government along the course which it had probably entered without much premeditation, or without having shaped any de'anite plan. The conquest of Darfur in le6'J which was not, however, reaiered until the overthrow of Sebehr and his son at a later period, and the annexation of the Equatorial province on the orders of King Mtesa dominions, heart could regard the presence of an irresponsible on our Statute Book have benefited in some degree authority' like that of Sebehr in the Soudan with from Opposition criticisms and amendments but any other feeling than lively apprehension. It is a I even if they have not benefited, according to tho misfortune, in the interests of Egypt, of civili ideas of those who first introduced there, it was zation, and the mass of the Soudanese, that wo surety a good thing: that they should have been cannot send General Gordon back to the passed in such a fona as to render them accept region of the Upper Nile to complete then able to both political parties that is, to the good work he began eight years ago.

With the great majority of the nation. Abroad the full powers and with the assurance that the contrary system has had tbis most miserable con good fruits of his labours shall not be undone sequence, that no measure carried by a Government by the subsequent acts of corrupt. pashas, there lis ever regarded as final. The Opposition, havin of land an scattering settlers rapidly. Home present generation, when the country was under steaders in this wide now unablo to find free Government panda within 30 miles of any rail road, an contentedly 'settling down 40 miles from the track, experience assuring them that so soon as the railroad lands an up and cultivated branch lines will be driven out, or other lines of road brought in, to open up the resources of the country, the statistics of tbe Government land office at Fargo exhibit during the past 12 months double the'numbcr of applications for homesteads received in.

any former year, while here, as elsewhere, the officers remark on the improved appear ance and resources of the settlers. A good many the directing spirit of Fuad, or even of Midhat, certain principles prevailed more apparently in harmony with Western modes and views, and it was a leu complicated task to comprehenl the main objects of government and devise the means by which it was proposed to attain them. It was then admitted that Turkey could only prosper, and keep pice with Western civilization, by an adaption of advanced Western idets and an acceptance of tbe European way of carrying out modern systems of progressive reform. But in recent years that line of policy was condemned, and nttirly discarded, to be replaced by a system of single women take, claims, build their shanty, go absolute isolation from any external influences or through tbe form of the required six months' resi lience, hie a pre emption, and become attractive owners of 1C0 acres of land. Jamestown, at the junction of the Jim River and the Pipstem, on a healthy, sloping beach, surrounded by sheltering bluffs, affords good illustra tion of a quickly growing, thriving western town.

ueemeu The Northern Pacific bad their line laid thus far interference in matters of internal economy and local government, and especially in all odsitions, not purely those of foreign police, which touched upon the economic condition of the country. A determination, wise in principle', but extreme in practice.not to borrow any more from the foreTgner, materially aided by the extreme difficulty which would have met tbe attempt, forced tbe forte to west seven rears aco. but for two rears th small adopt measures which in any other country would traffic was discontinued during winter. Now, the bave produced a violent, outbreak ef popular npidly growing business demands three miles of feeling. ii ossible to check or overcome with, ut extn siding.

A branch line in course of construe bloodshed and confusion. Thus, a paper currency tion, 100 miles north to the Mouse River, with a was, witbout any form ot fork proceeding to the Devil's Lake, bus already been laid for a distance of 25 miles. It is four years since the town made its first start it is now the capital of Statvman county, and the probable i wp uinre Ujj Konhera DakoU its census excepting as to good chamber and ttntas. There ghowg abo'ut 1(600 le foQr cburcheg haT, ulUuw nlou. puuua buit and others contemplated the first meets or promotions, discharges or degradations of onicials because assessments are refused or neglected, and their violation is punished by tne and imprisonment.

This Bill, if it becomes law and is properly enforced, will initiate a reformed Civil Service system, but it will take a long' time to get it introduced throughout the public service and to educate the. officials in practice up to the idea that Government patronage is to be divorced from politics. The Republicans are keen for the adoption of the system, as it keeps their officials in office when they generally believe that their party is going out of power. Such' of the Democrats as desire to make a clean sweep of the offices are naturally chagrined at the measure, and, in fact, moat of the Democrats wen either lukewarm or in opposition, though tone of them voted for the measure while characterizing it as useless. Its paw age is a strong evidence of the advance in public opinion on this subject, which will never be content until our public Trice in subordinate places is entirely divorced from political control and tho civil servants attend to their business instead of devoting their time to machine politics.

TEE AMERICAN SHIPPING TRADE. TO THE EDITOR OF TT1E TIMES. Bir, The articles from toot Philadelphia Correspondent are tn clearly written that tbey usually eomman.i (Teat attention, and that in The Ttmtt of the 5th ii et. upon the American shirpirg trade is especially interesting. hen te describes tbe proposed remedies this decay wooden courthouse is being superseded by a baadr some brick edifice, which ill cost The Lret school, completed 18 months ag.i, for the accommodation of 120 pupils, is now being more than doubled in size, at a cost of 810.000 threa banks.

each with a capital of $50,000, bave each deposits of any ntional principles of political seenomy in to the value of cTo.UUU or cou.vUU.allowb per cent. lue maumuiuoii oi me resources oi in prepara tion or notice, swept out of circulation by a simple decree, and not a was raised. A debaitd coinage and copper cnmxry of 3,000,000 or 10,000,000, which bad long been in use as the medium of publie transactions, was redaced te half its current value by a resolution of Ministers, and cot a protesting voice was heard. Extreme financial depletion, practised on the population to an extent that it is impossible to conceive in Western Europe, cannot even in Turkey suffice to re establish a financial equilibrium so fundamentally disturbed by tbe utter abssnee make advances at 10 to 12 per collect and exchange at preaent without charge, but succeed in preventing kite flying by enterprising fellows, who open accounts both at Jamestown and at St. Paul or other eastern towns.

Besides two grain warehouses and elevators, a flour mill, provided with both water and steam power, turns out 100 barrels of flour daily, much of it being railed west a brewery is in course of construction; while mental pabulum is' furnished by two daily papers, two weeklies, and a monthly. Musical culture not overlooked and a stand for the local or any parsing military band is being put up in the grass plot, bet ween the town and depot. A telephone company is being inaugurated, and already 40 instruments have been requisitioned for public and private houses. Taxes at present are low nitncly, 3 pr cent, oa a valuation which is stated to be about one third of the gross but further municipal funds will shortly be needed for a thorough sewage system and for bringing on and distributing water, which will probably ba got from artesian wells. The present water supply, drawn from wells driven about 20ft.

through a tolerably pervious shale, with the increasing population, must without any attempt at sewage speedily become dangerously contaminated. With old world or eastern ideas it is somewhat difficult to under country. There might hare been some slicht hope of amelioration had strict economy in basbanding the funds of the State been erected into a system, and a sound policy of dereloping tbe natural agricultural wealth ef the country been frankly adopted. But wkile a disastrous war had lessened the population, narrowed the territorial area, and seriously affected the revenue, these results were accompanied by a strong reaction in tke administrative system, which collapsed into a Suleiman, on hearing of his father's arrest, cast jealous, stubborn, passive resistsnce to any foreiga off tbe Egyptian autberity, and attempted to carry ideas and suggestions, however favourable or out in the light of day and by force Sebehr's secret rational. That a pln of reform, or project for projects.

It was in the summer of 1878 that financial re organization, wss or foreign conception Suleiman committed the first act of open hostility or origin, sufficed to divradit if. it no the Government, and for a time success pernicious, or delusive and impracticable, with or attended his operations. But when General Gordon 'rJX while the msmarv of his achievements, when niece nf worlr. inveiirh arainst it when it has he working for a half hearted Government and with come law, and announce their intention of npeal incapable colleagues, yet lives in the hearts ef ing it whenever they may get the chance. The tbe Black people of the Soudan, and fills one cf astonishing fury with which the French Republican the most creditable pages in the history of reeent administration of alien races by Englishmen.

THE INDUSTRIAL EMPLOYMENT OF I. OMEN. TO THE EDITOR OF TTIE TIME3. Sir, Ia a letter in The Titnti of Monday last oa the Industrial Euployirect ef Women, Mr. Wathentoo states what has been dune in France, especially in, Paris, to promote tbe technical education of won en, and he concludes by faying that "Here (ia England; the technical education cf firls is wholly neglected." It is quite true that technical education is rather a new idea in bagUod, hat it is one which bai been strongly advocated by our party have dnnn? the last fire years been destroy ing all the legislative work of former Governments comes chiefly from this, that every French law recalls to tbe party now in power some denial ol justice and deliberate humiliations.

M. Guizot, during his long Premiership, which lasted from 1840 to 1848, said one day to to MM. Thiers and Odilon Barrot, Le Gourernement serait bien naif 'accepter lea amendements d'un parti tionnaire." He had really no right to treat the two Opposition leaders, as revolutionists, for they distinctly gave themselves oat as Constitutional Oppositionists, devoted to the Crown but the haughty treatment they received from the Prime Minister tnade them reckless in their opposition, so that they went much society from yew to year, aad consider, what been thf? 1f.d and brought about the Revolution of 1843 without dffUV UU1B( UIO 4iJ JW9 4UXV 11 I T11 Tft IA 1 QjS Opposition which was only five strong, andf which assuredly had some claims to be treated with magnanimity I consider every speech which yon deliver in this place as an idle call to arms addressed to tbe lowest rabble outside, cety you, one and statement seems to require some The centos for the occupations of the people, is unfortunately cot yet rnblished, so that it irimposeible for me to supply a table ef the statistics of various branches of industry, and to give the camber cf men and women empiojeuia eacii, Duiiua cganimu was wnen us ii I M. Drouyn do Lhrrys was much better Inspired ably with those of Fnnee. Taking vanoos akilJin the (rpe Legislatlf as Fonign SecretJy on th Danish, quertion, h.

said brecght Egypt's mission of conquest to a close. It need be little doubt of his attaining rapid success, had no hand in framing it, treat it as ft tyrannical vi vbioci, tut) I'vouiu 10 uer side by instituting a good and impartial form of government, to abandon further ambitious projects against either of her neighbours, Uganda and Abyssinia, and to keep her obligations towards the English Government in the matter of suppressing the slave trade. Whether we credit tbe rgyptiin Administration with praiseworthy intentions crnot, then seems to bo every reason for saying that her efforts failed to meet with success in each of these particulars save during the brief period when Chinese Gordon was intrusted with the task of governing the Soudan with insufficient means and the half hearted support of a corrupt Government. It was only in 1877 that the late Khedive united the Soudan, Darfur, and the provinces of the Equator into a single administrative province, bearing the name of the Soudan. That region extends over an area of territory miles in length, with an average breadth of not less than CC0 miles and, as Lis been computed, it exceeds in size any four of the great kingdoms of Europe taken together, with tho exception of Russia.

But the warlike element in the population is still to be found in the propter districts of Soudan and in Darfur. The inhabitants of Bahr Gazelle and of the region to Gondokoro have always proved tractable subjects enough but the black peoples of the Soudan have retained much of their valour and natural love of independence. The difficulty hitherto has been to keep these people quiet by means of a force recruited for the main part from among themselves, and in this quarter of Africa the system of recruiting was the simple one of slave holding. Sir Samuel Baker, Dr. Schwein furth, and General Gordon bave all dwelt on the disastrous effects of the slave trading operations on the material prosperity of the country and the officers of the Khedive, whose frst duty was to look after the welfare of the people, were not merely guilty of neglect, but were directly incriminated in this human commerce.

Their apathy or shortsightedness also allowed the growth ef Sebehr's power until, from being a small slave dealer, tha; individual' became an irresponsible autocrat in his own region, and one whose good will the Khedive had to solicit rather than command. The growth of Sebehr's power was, indeed, the fact that chiefly attracted the attention of the Cairo authorities to tho evils of the slave trade but the elasticity of their views was clearly re vealed when tney hastened to join bebehr and hi army of slaves in the war which he undertook in 18C9 against the independent Sultan of Darfur. That Sultan was killed, bis line exterminated, and the nominal authority of the Khedive, but the real power of Sebehr, set up in the place of the native rule. Sebehr, there is no doubt, cherished lofty designs of personal ambition but he underrated the apprehension created at Cain by his doings, and, when he went to tbe capital witn a large sum of money in the hope of bribing the pashas into the recognition of Lis pretensions, he was placed in honourable confinement, from which he was never released. That Sebehr's military power was not of an insignificant kind may be gathered from General Gordon's opinion of his soldiers.

Smart, dapper looking fellows, like antelopes, fierce, unsparing, the terror of Central Africa, having a prestige far beyond that of the Govern ment these an the slave dealers tools, ills son separately, it will he found that good technical training can be obtained in London, except in three industries, which are peculiarly French deVidage de la soie," the manufacture of articles da Paris," aad las Industries des mCtaux commons." Mr.Watberston says Tbe system followed (in Paris was to divide the pupils into four classes. Tbe first clas through which all passed on entering, supplied a general education." In England high schools, middle class, and board supply this general education. The second class, called conn de to the Oonosition. I know that on questions which affect the honour of our country then cart bo ho serious differences of opinion between any of us but then Mr Drouyn de Lhuys was a very unusual type of French Minister, baring made English politics his constant study. Orio day in the winter of 1863 9, presiding over a meeting of the Agricultural Society, he taw Lamartine, the poet, and M.

Jules Farm among the audience, and at once sent to invite them transactions generally has been given to girls. The Society of Arts boLii examinations ia this special 3. The third. eoars de deuin supplied the wants of without further examination. The financial strait had organized the force necessary to effect his inevitablr created bv this sullen withdrawal i orer throw, the fortune of war took a decided from the reneral European nrorresa resulted in a fearful national imporerishment, the entire loss of an already severely shaken credit and placed Turkey outside the radius of modern advancement, producing an estrangement cf all interest in her political prosperity, and even in her material existence! That the existence of a State can bs secured or continued only if Western Europe admits its necessity is aa idea which has begun to dawn upon European publie opinion iunner, it is isic mat sucn a necessity ene is tempted to think the American shipownerssre really earnest, but in order to show bow apparently futile is the high prices obtained for town lots in ean here scarcely longor be recognized as a their strucrle arainst the crotectkm of the American 1 ntion of atifS nk T.m nr i tanfibls fact, and that a Statu AtkiVitin niauafacturers, I will gire this one example.

Your Oare Sfouieat states tbe Shipowners' Convntion hsve sug wt to the Committee of Congress that all stores and "sTog for wsels, and all the iraterials used in tbe eon iU outfit, cr repair of American admitted free of daty. The present, duty charred upon the large sues of galvanised iron wire rope for ships' riggir is two nts per and 15 eent. ad which brings it to about 2Jc. per The duty propo under the new fedncel tariff is 21c. on bright wire, and le.

additional for ralvaniring ia all, per lb. This galvanized iron wire r' ean be delirered aloogtide here for shipment for rig Xaf pnrposes at under 3Je. per the cost cf galvanizing being about fe. per so that the proteeticn of 1 pe' cent, duty is now proposed to be increased to bt 83 per eent. in spite of all the effarts and representations ef the American ahippkg interest; as the merse wire manufacturers, fin ding there was a com importation ef this wire rope even with 70 1' etaL protection.

hare apparettly suff cient influence to nianiauUte the preaent agitation for a redaction of duties vrry substantial increase; tbi. can be so well arranged where alirost a national tcry ha. been raised for free in ports far ship use at chance of success has any ether effort for redaced saties arainst tbe nints ittrit 1 tartrs i werpool, Jan. 6, Your obedient servant. FAIB PLAY.

Tm hoiiB Warn Cotims. Following the wimple of a portion of the Lancashire, Yorkshire, hcotca coalminers, the Ntrth Wales eolliers retired rury to carry cut In its entirety the resolation paaed "jreiit atioaal Conference of Sliaers at Leeds, to wUf irkt Per day on five i th v7 the North Vales Cbal Aiatoa asinstroeted to serve the necesaary rtlettj, 1 the eolUery pro Tat Sen Oajrar, Lloyd's agent at Tort Said eberraphs Jan. 8, at 10 30 a nv, that the eaaal bagaia pea lor traffia. even Jamestown. When asricultuial land not 20 I marked a disposition to keep away from the corn miles distant is still irocurable for 5 an acre, it munity of civilized countries may be indulged in its appears strange that land which five vears aco was but prairie should now have leaped to the price ot $20,000 an acre.

Good sites with 25ft. front and 140ft. deep in 'the principal streets in Jamestown are now realizing $1,000 to $3,000 land within a mile of the town limits is held at $40 to $50 per acn, or just double what it realised last year. Homesteaders bave planted their shacks of the regulation dimensions of about 12ft. by 10ft.

on every 1C0 acres of Government land throughout an area of 25 miles square. The altercate mde sections which the Northern Pacii liailroad, in consideration of its pushing its own road into this uninhabited region, received for 40 miles on either side of the track have here been largely taken up, some inoccupations of 1C0 or 320 acres by Canadian or Eastern farmers, some by artisans and tradespeople, who in a short tima become enthusiastic and often successful agriculturists, and still more by capitalists, who gobble large bodies of land, and who an sometimes tardy in developing it. In good earnest, some of these gentlemen are, however, breaking, and successfully crowing wheat and cats, and suicidal whim, and left to disappear frem amonir them, when its continuance is no longer useful to itself to other members of the political family of nations. It would appear that this hard truth is beginning to be felt in the immediate painful pressure bearing upon the Turkish Government in all questions of internal administration aid that it ins at last entered the minds of the ruling powers that there must be some flaw in a system which produces such disastrous results. The most threatening difficulty is the ccst of continuing to keep up the armed force required to defend the rulii'g elements themselves from real or imaginary dangers, created by themselves, and fostered by those interested in letting them appear imminent and real and this is the point upon which the Supreme Government is most sensitive and anxious.

Those of the Ministers new in ofhee who are alive to the defects of system summarily alluded to above, hare now, therefore, sought to obtain from tha Sovereign the necessary powers to stndr the remedies which may be appned to remore these affording much needed employment to the poorer evils. They are the first to deplore and would homesteaders, who until their own earlier crops are eradicate them if fresly remitted to do so. They reaped an thankful to obtain remunerative work have, therefore, endeavoured, it is said, to have for themselves and their draught animals. They i tbe obstacles removed which now prevent foreign take breaking at $2 60c to $3 per acn, but the capital from coming into the country, and to reprice is advancing witk four oxen or time horses open the closely barred gate, the abutting of which or mules they turn over daily 2i to 3 acres when has created so absolute an aversion in the Western seed is furnished for them they will undertake the whole work of preparing for planting and reaping the crop, whether of wheat or oats, and for payment receive one half the produce. This shan system often answere ell for both contracting parties, each obtaining an acreable result of $5 to $10.

The only disadvantage of the system is that the farmer struggling for a Sttle ready money is financial world against anything and everything Turkish. Native capital has beea coaapls tely del troy ed, native industry is non existent, agriculture is dying from administrative oppression and anaraoy. Then remains no hope, exaept by enticing again foreign gold and foreign industry, and by the nrival of. credit, through such liberal en actments and ample facilities as will constitute a te sttempt more than he can pro parly accomplish real security and a safe remuneration. turn and Gessi, to whom she conduct in the held was intrusted, was soon in a position to report the defeat of the arch rebel.

The people of the menhemT for women, and tbe iffices of this society during the last right and left hand. The incident was reported 20 years, thcxuBgh iustructioa in book keeping by single in the Press, and caused general surprise the and double entry, in commercial correspondence aui official papers were even instructed to writs that 31. Drouyn de Lhuys had on this occasion forgotten his dignity as an Imperial Senator and those seeking an art education with i'riew to industrial n.V i7t purposes." What hut this is done by the Art Schools at Palmerstonand Lord Derby had ridden down to South Kensisgton, Queen square, Lambeth, and the th Derby on the box seat of the same drag, and schools in connexion with Sooth Kensington, scattered no Englishmaa had thought this particularly orer the kingdom, at all of which girls are admitted, and strange but any Frenchman would hare thought where a great part of the wtr is essentially oadertakea Tery strange if M. Gaiaot during his Premier with a view to industrial purposes JZ fr 4. Ateliler deoonfeetioin gWes "practical teaehlngin ship had dnven out M.

Thiers or if, in later millinery, dresrmaking, and all kinds of needlework." The years, M. Rouher had been seen shaking hands dressmaking and millinery taught in the schools ia Paris with 51. Gam belt. In 1348, when Prince) is of the plainest description, and girls srho iatend to 1 1, Napoleon was elected Pnaident of the Be foUow these aa a trade do exactly what English girls do, L.V1I. hi.

At f.W; th. rth. thm tm nnrntir or intrt mm. I business house on leavicg tbe school. Needlework is carefully taught at all board and industrial schools.

In the middle el ass and high schools, the pressure of mental work, owing to the wide range of subjects taken op" to qualify tha pupils to pass examinations which are retarded as necessary, does not allow time for it as part of the school coarse. 5. In ooe.which prored very successful, wool eegraring as taught." Wool engrarina is taught very efficiently in Kngland, at the City and Guilds of London Technical Art Schotds in the Kensington Park road, which have been in excellent working order for three yean. 6: In another paictins; on porcelain and iwry." Painting on porcelain and iTorr is ttnght at the Lambeth and other Art Schools, as well as by a large number of private individuals. After the Atelier de Devidars' de la Soie is mentioned "a school for a distinct technical "purpose the In teres Atl! thinrmtinnm et da Trrnrrniia in? rudely OTPT HIT Lord MaTauis Dorchester, Dt Printing ia all its branches, pruof readizg, are taught Lord Dorchester removed his elbow.

The Duke asked at tie "omen 1 riming uttce, ureat Uouege street, Westminster, at Hatchings and Crowslev's. at Bale's. andatrcany other printing offices, where women are empioyeo. and walked up to his defeatej opponent. General Cariiznac, to give him his hand.

The General, drew back sulkily. In Franco this conduct was applauded by tbe Opposition in England it would have been considered paltry and unhandsome. Then was a tima when manners were very bad in the English Parliament, but this was when Parliament had not yet established its supremacy, and it is worth remarking that manners unproved from the time when Parliament grew supreme, and when it came to be recognised that this supremacy could only be maintained if on many great questions both parties acted in concert. Pepys, writing en tha 19th of December, 166C, describes a cueer scene which he witnessed in the tna House of Lords 3Iy Lord Buckingham lean wbether he was uneasy. Dorchester replied yes, and that tha Duka durst not do this if he were any .1..

RnUnfTtisTTi Tea ha wonhf. WehaTe. besides, the School ef Art Needlework at and that he were a better man than himself; Kensington, end the National School of Wood earring at Dorchester said that he lyed. With tbis Backing. tne Albert Hill, ana at present iraaes are so close in i ham a defeat ot tne arca recei.

ids people oi me i i. nan iirocx on su ui, wwuim uu ptiiKj, Soudan, who had suffered from tie exactions of 1ad (and polled it aside and held Tliere is nothing dealers.and whose children had formed bad as this in the Parliamentary annals of tho one of their principal sources of wealth, rose np ward's of 17 of' which I hare bad the honour to he its I Georgian era. Chatham is said to have been more in many places and, joining uesn troops, con Secretary. Hundreds cf girls nave receirsd technical feared than any orator oi nis time, dui ms lnvec tributedte tho orerthrow ot Suleiman, whose training through its help, but the committee hae always tire was carefully measured. Breaking of New ambition was terminated by hi.

capture 'P execution. I industry in one large ia titution. I hare personally visited i Parliament sat register tha edicts of one Althonch the result of this camoaum was the th. Vrneh arhnJi. nnHerthe ausnieea of tha Rnriimh too nowerful subiecti liereupeo Newcastle II aiimal triumph of the ivbedires arms, reav dered all the more gratifying by fho disappearance of the family which had bidden him defiance, the classes inimical to Egyptian rule remained little daunted or discouraged.

The extraordinary personal ascendency acquired by General Gordon over the native' mind completed tbe effect of victories in the field, and until his departure the inclination to revolt, if it even remained, was suppressed. But nothing had oirurred to render the Khedive's authority less unpopular than it had been from the first. Among those who regarded it with inveterate distrust, none were mere prominent than the chiefs of the Arab colonies who bad at different periods crossed fiver from Arabia and settled in Darfur and the smaller desert States or oases to the west of it. These children of tbe desert hated the Egyptian rule, and looked with scorn upon tho effeminate and grasping rulers who were sent up from, Cairo to govern them. They were ready, and are still ready, to teize the frst chance of shaking off tbe yoke of Ambassador, every courtesy was shown me, and every reported to have been frightened almost out of his facility given for the inspection of tbe work, and after Trita.

But this was fair fighting. Then was no careful examination I came the exclusion that was impatation on Chatham's part of ignoble motives in the systematizing of their work only that the Trench l.Ji :1 were supplier the cngusn. I am. Sir, yoar obeident Servant, GEKTUDE J. KING, Secretary.

Society fcr Promoting the EBployment of Women, 22, Berners street, Oxford street, Jan. 3. Coast Exnosanox. A despatch from Mr. Alfred Moloney, Administrator cf the Gold Coast Oology, contains a report by Mr.

Charles AV. Thompson, assistant inspector of the local constabulary, cpon his journey of 123 miles from Accra to Frahsae, id Insabang, aad Irsuaim, returning to Bmina by Aeroful, Abracampah, and Assay boo. A summary of the repart appears in the January Proceedings cf the Royal Geographical Society." The report supplies details ot some 60 miles of previously unknown country between Insabacg and the Iran, irelnding the course of that river north of Coeochinchin it also corroborates iprevious ideas as to the richness in gold ef Agnxa aod Westera Akim and the importance of developing tbe eoooumic botany of the colony, and it affords farther iastacce of the loss of power by tee chiefs ol the protected temtonea. 3r tr nf Their war crv was This is our land we know no Effendina (Khedive) here. While this ttompaoa left Accra oa June 4 last, aad followed the unfriendly element haa retained unabated vigour, coast past fishing the Seeeoom.

ahortly after S.m 2. enxsmg which he struck inland in a north westerly there is every reason to beheve that the slave taUT a gtU Ooomoah country aad finding the dealsrs hare also regained much of their former gndaally more dense as he left the coast. Many strength, although not numbering in their ranks ttreara ere crested, bot the tot of aay importanre eras an individual of Sebehr's vieour and capacity, the Aynsue, wtkh was then, in tbe dry season, 23ft. wido Tho individuality of the Mahdi, or the so called False Prophet, whose recent doings have attracted so much attention, is a matter ef uncertainty, and, comparatively speaking, of unimportance also. But we can only assume that he is hguringas the spokesman of these dsssea and not of the native population, which welcomed Gordon and his Italian lieutenant and turned upon Sebehr.

It may be, however, that under the impulse of a religious fervour he haa succeeded in combining the three clissoi in the Soudan for the attainment of a objeetj if it only prove to be for a time. Such a possibility least was evidently Dxeaest to the mind of and 2jft deep, being 20ft. deep and COft. wide when fall. At the aeighbouna villas of Aaafu gold is collected rn the street ratters after rates and Mr.

Thoeapaua UeueU saw about four grains feondoe the previons day. Tha Accra is another haa stream, 20ft. wide aad 2ft. deep, aad at Aguna Swaydra, on its right hank, fide specimens of auriferous quartz from Quahin were seen. Insabang.

tha capital of Aguna and residence of King Chin tor, waa reached oa Jane 8 and found to eoataia 160 bosses, though half were nnxcnpisJ and falling int decay. It is situated on a sloping rock of soft, red. soapy stone, through which streaks of quartz crop op ia weAdefiaed east and west lice. Other places were visited tn which gold was found, and altogether tha report bears out tho tavestigatkma cl Captain Barton, who, ia his latest work, To the Gold Coast for Geld," speaks rorMently of tha rifJinsas af tha whola districtia rasard tognld, of ambition. Our Parliamentary history abounds with encounters of this sort, in which tha thrusts delivered, whether in earnest or in jest, wen often hard, but always bestowed according to fair rules, and with an absence of that implacable animus which leaves combatants enemies when tha fight is over.

Everybody knows the story of Sir Robert Walpole having a dispute with Pnlteney about a quotation from Horace. Tha Minister bet a guineas that his own yersioi was right; a "Horace" was sect for, and Sir Robert, proving to ba in the wrong, threw down a guinea, which Pnlteney pocketed with tha remark that it was the only money overpaid by the Minister which a member could accept without shame. Tha words were not in tha best taste, perhaps but how English the whole scene was and how suggestive of good humoured sparring with thejrlovea on I Mingling with tha chronicles of Parliamentary jousts, however, an many stories of downright kindliness and chivalry in debate, upon which students of Parliamentary history must always dwell with a sincere pleasure. Coming to recent times nothing could have been better than Mr. Disraeli's panegyric on Cobdea after tha latter's death, or than Mr.

Gladstone's references in Parliament to the death of Lady BeacoasSekL On this occasion th Liberal leader quoted tha words run iocrywvs rvrwaa, ft wienies wurtaUa fasvruaf," which Fox had also quoted ia 1806 dnrinjg Pitt's last illness, refusal at tha same tima (though unaware that his gveal rival was actaaDy dying) to support an amendment to tha Address which was going to ba moved by Lord Henry Petty. Mr. Disraeli was not long in repayirg Mr. Gladstone's genenos tribute of respect, for ha allnded to him as the moat miaaat toamber task Roam aad seat.

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