The Times from London, Greater London, England • Page 5

jjtfEST INTELIilCfENOEt ATJQDTB, KiftCK J. IV FHm KiBltr, witii hom I hid a oon this morning, refrained from making wt oi the text of the Note delivered lithe Greek Government Uxt evening. The eftnaeet had some tlmo previously possessed afcaci regarding the substance of jfott ad M. Blynni had nothing to add to what be previously stated to me with respect the intentions of the Government. He drew "eaUon, however, in the most emphatic manner tie wxriiko preparations of Turkey.

The (joTtrruaeat had received hew of formidable concentrations of Turkish troops on the frontier tf Theesaly, which inspired it with serious solid tad imposed on it the necessity of taking (oergetio measures of defence. M. Delyannl, lad a protracted conference with King Corge last evening, was again summoned to the rlace to day at neon. Cokcel Smolenitx, Minister of War, has feigned. Colonel Metaxas, of the Corps of Engineers, who was formerly Minister of the Interior, will probably be his successor.

The removal of Commodore Reiceck from the tostmand of the Greek fleet off Crete is commonly to the discontent of rus ofiicers and nan owing to the friendly relations which he Bointained with the commanding officers of the Esowaa fleet and the readiness displayed by him conforming with their injunctions. Be i further said to hare irritated the officers by distraroricg of the hospitality which they ex tended to tho priest Mileko, the insurgent leader, whom invited on board, and that a mutinous spirit had begun to manifest itself. His uccestor, Commodore Sachtouri, is expected to leare for Canea tonight. Our Own Corrt lP3tT'i' ATHENS, Manas S. The following is the text of the Identical Note which was delivered yesterday to the Greek GoTemment By the order of my Government, I bring to the knowledge of your Excellency that the Great rowers hare agreed upon a course of action "with the object of putting an end to a situation which it did not rest with them to prevent but the prolongation of which would bo calculated to coapronise.the peace ox Europe.

"The Powers hare come to an agreement on the two following points Crete, cannot any case, under present circumstances, be annexed to Greece. (2) In view of the delays caused by Turkey in the application of the reforms agreed upon in conjunction with the Ottoman Government, the Powers are resolved, while maintaining the integrity of the Ottoman Empire, to confer upon Crete an absolutely effective autonomous vlonme, intended to assure the island a separate govern ment under the high suzerainty ol tho Saltan. The Powers consider that these Tiows can only be realized by tho withdrawal of the Greek ships and trcoc. They confidently await this wise determination oa the part of tho Greek Govern ment, which cannotwish to persist in pursuing a course waiiu; to las muiBUDoi i iuo roinn. The Ministers do not conceal that their in stmctsens prescribo them to warn the Greek Government that, in case of refusal, tho Powers are irrevocably determined to hesitate at no measure of compulsion if on the expiry of period of six days the withdrawal of the ships sad troops has not been Two somewhat varying accounts of the mutiny et the 1 crash gendarmes in Lanea hare been received here.

According to one version the Albanian zaptiehs went in a body to the Governor's residence in order to demand their arrears of pay. Colonel Suleiman told them that he had no money, and the zaptiehs; then asked that Major Bor should at least cuaranteo that they would be paid. Colonel Suleiman ordered them to leare the place, whereupon they 'fired at him and he fell mortally wounded. The Italian sailors then opened fire on the zaptiehs, of whom cne was killed. Three who were recognized as the murderers of Suleiman Bey were arrested and placed on board a British man of war in charge of an escort consisting of British and French sailors.

The firinr caused the greatest alarm at Canea. The other account ox the mutiny is as follows The foreign Admirals baring decided that tho Turkish gendarmes who had net received their pay should be disarmed, orders were siren for T.i t. a 1 a itBf 1 ceiacsiaenia 01 marines to proceea vo ice JvenaK. At 4 o'clock the rendarmes were therefore assembled in the courtyard of their barracks, and were summoned by JUajor Bor and Suleiman Hey to lay down their arms. They met the request with a refusal, and on Major Bor's waring, his handkerchief detachments of Italian and Russian sailers fired at the gendarmes, who returned the fire, killing Suleiman Bey.

One Italian sailor is to hare had two ungers cut on. xlve etc, said rendarmes were killed and SO made prisoners. The President of the Chamber has received the following telegram from Signer Bicciotti Garibaldi In the event of European diplomacy's eppoaisg Greece and Turkey to each other GanbaJaians are ready to hasten to the assistance ci ureece." 1 portion ef the above appeared in ear Second Editiea ct yesverosy.j Vitr.nl. Signer Barbato.a member of the Italian Chamber of Deputies, has arrived here with a number ef Italian rolunteera for Crete. The party were accorded an enthusiastic reception, bignor arbato delivered a speech, which was greatly applauded.

Cheers for Italy and Greece were frren by the people. Btuter. CONSTANTINOPLE, Haxch 2. The Collectire Note signed by the six Ambae tadors, which was presented to the Porte to day, ceclares that the Powers are desirous of putting 1 stop to the present deplorable state of things in Crete, due to the delay in the execution of the reform scheme which was agreed upon last year est which is now inadequate. little confidence is felt that the proposed rijivu will constitute a permanent settlement.

It a believed that, vi el dins' to force, the Greek Government will accept the new arrangement, ret that the pacification of Crete will be an exceedingly dimcult task. An optimist feeling sow prevails at the Porte, giving rise to the belief tiat the Ottoman Government will raise no objec cns to tho projected settlement. IUkcbS. The Collectire Note which has been presented 7 the Powers to the Ottoman sectioning the cradual withdrawal of the Turkish taps from Crete, refers the settlement of that taestion to a special military convention between fet Powers ana the Ottoman Gorernment. are now vrroeeedinf between the forte and the Powers with regard to the sppoint bss or a CJorerncr lor urete.

it is stated tnst 6e Porte will insist upon that official' being an "Soman subject, and is not likely to yield on wspotnt. It is reported here that the King of Greece is lmg to the Thessalian frontier with the object renewing the troops there. htvur. CONBTANTINOPLB, Uaxcb S. The Collectire Note presented by the Ambas 4)rs to the Porte this afternoon briefly Jjtouijces the decisicii of the Powers to place tU oa a footing of autonomy.

The Note does ester into details, but state; that Crete will be handed ore to Greece and that Greece 8 be summoned to recall her troops and Tessels tAe iakfid Otr Qorrufondtrnt, CANZi, Maxch 3. Vt haH past 7 tia farther fighting hla between Greeks ocpyisg a fortified "Won on the: Height of Malaxa and Bashv faeeini from tfee Tillaeet at Aarakoron and likalria Ike Admirals Ism infomed tlte Greek PBBodore BeiDeok thai Sliw has been plaoed wSo'of tl Prs. aad.lkat t4 latter will against tte pltoe. A Major Bor baa proteased against the dally aeie of tillage cemmitted by the Btsghazi Arab. in coaseoaesce: ot telegram: reoeirea oy tfte Russian Admiral from the Queen of Greece, the Greek warships were to day giren permisaion to transport the Greek wounded to the Pinsaa.

Krwier. BERLIN, UlacB 3. Tho statements of Lord Sslisbary and Mr. Balfour in Parliament are raprodoced with little comtnent in the German Press. The Vouueke Ztitvng, bowerer, finds that Lord Salisbury can justly claim a success for Erltish diplomacy, and that his fpeoch, as well as the Blue took on Crete, regutcr tho stages by which the accept ance ot tne ztntiaa proposals was isoonousiy achieved.

Tho very participation of Germany in the latest action of the European concert is one of tho successes of Lord Salisbury's policy. Another is tho procodenco gircn to the declaration that Crete is to obtain autonomy OTer the demand for tho withdrawal of the Greek forces. A third achievement is the extension to six days of the period conceded to Greece to consider her reply. The probabilities are that the extended respite was welcomed by all tho Powers as affording thorn an opportunity to dclibetato upon the common measures of coercion which msy eventuallyeventually prove incritablo. It is true that no very sanguine hopes are entertained here with regard ft to in suuauou fuouia uiwct conimuo 10 00 recalcitiant.

But this rroepect affcrds no crumb of comfort for Greece, eineo the view is uni rt.rss.llv held lht. what ere difficulties mar beset tho rath tho Powers in the tequel, they win not cm ot such a naiuro as to oner a way or escapo lor ureeco irom me aisastrous con cequenccs of her oolhardiness and obstinacy. Oh the other hand, the; outlook in the erent of the submission ot Greece to the will of the Powers is by no means without its snxieties. it is pointed out that, were tho ureec troops with drawn from Crete tomorrow and tho Turkish forces held in tho leash, tLcre is every likelihood of the continuance, cr evon the aggraration, of ciril war among the inhabitants of the island. Preparations for a plan of action adapted this eventuality will, it is anticipated, give adequate occa ration to the Cabinet of Europe.

during the next rive days. Tho task of the united fleets may woll seem trivial by comparison with the enterprise of establishing order and settled gorernment, not culy en the cossts, but in tho fast neases of the interior. One special difficulty is discovered in the diversity of sympathies which already characterizes the attitudes of the various Powers towards the Christian, and Mahomedan populations, so that the landing force of one Power might easily find itself committed by it instructions to a very different courso of action from that of another. Uombmed companies or battalionsi composed of men of different speech and nationalities would, from the German point of riew, form a force 'which must give very slender guarantees for its efficiency. These obstacles in the path of the European concert; no doubt, constitute one suoject 01 tne aeuoerauons now in progress.

With regard to tne general prospect in tne Balkan Peninsula, it is notod that the attitude of Serria and Bulgaria affords ground for more favourable anticipation: than had hitherto been entertained, and it is believed that the influence of Austria and Russia may prove adequate to the task of preventing a fatal extension of any local conflict which Greece may provoke on the Thessalian frontier. That this influence will least be powerfully exerted in the interests of Teaee is unreservedly taken for granted in Berlin. Our Oini Oorrtipondent.) icrtxxA, suscn a. The FremdenMott to day, commenting upon the presentation of the Collectire Xtoto to tho GrecK Uoyernment ana tne rorw, conaiaera is to have been the only step which Europe could hare taken in the present circumstances as a way out of a complicated situation. The semi official organ adds It is to bo hoped that, under the influence of the joint action of tho powers, the Greek will judge facts in a less fantastic manner and will reconcilo themselves to tho iron necessity con fronting them.

Sema and Bulgaria will also fare best if they devote themselves to the work of internal consolidation instead of cherishing ideas of aggrandizement. The Aeue Prtut, in discussing the uoi lective Note, says 11 The ioint will of the Powers by no means precludes Turkey from collecting her military forces and effecting large concentrations of troops in her provinces, it is aesiraoie wm xuraey should lmnoso respect upon her neighbours in the Balkan Peninsula by her military measures, in order that people at Belgrade, Sofia, and Cettigne should not cherish the illusion that the Turks are a quantiti nigligtabu." in an riclA nrwin the dlrjlomatio eorresnond' ence contained in theBritish Blue book on Cretan affairs, the A'eue Jrfve Pree says "The publication of the British Blue book concerning Crete induces Th Timet to express sstisfsctun at the rejection ny iicra Esausoury oi the blockade proposal made by Count Goluchowslri on July LT. Thi satisfacticu appears, however, to be little justified, for it must now be clear to any one that, if the Uount proposal tor blockading the Cretan coast had been adopted, it would hare put much greater pressure upon Turkey to accept the projected reforms. It would then have Deen possioie, to aeteruune me as early as July last to, accept the reform pro Stmme, and the subsequent events would not ve arisen, as they would hare been prevented by the timely blocKado proposea oy vount Goluchowski. There would only be sense in the feeling of satisfaction expressed by The Timet if British policy contemplated supporting Greek aspirations and the annexation of Crete by Greece.

If, however, British policy ha for it object the maintenance of the ttalutqya in the Ottoman Empire and tho "preerration of European peace, then it is unjust to criticize measures which would hare pared European nation the present feeling of disquietude." JtieuUr. ST. FETEBSBUKO, MaSCS S. The Russian newspapers generally expect that Greece will yield to the demands of the Powers and that the Cretan crisis will be peacefully settled. They express, however, apprehension.

of grave complications in the iialkans at an early date, and in view of that contingency congratulate Bulgaria and Servia upon the good understanding which at present prevails between tbem. 3Bfuier. THE ARMENIAN, QUESTION. CONSTANTINOPLE, Miacn 2. The Armenian Patriarchate has addressed a fresh memorial to the Porte calling attention to the non execution of the promises made by the Sultan concerning the demands of the Patriarchate far rfilirintf the distressed Donulation and intro reforms, as well as in regard to eccle siastical affairs.

A feeling of despair is again beginning to be manifested in Armenian circle. Beuter. TEE SENTENCE ON COLONEL MAZHAIt BEY. CONSTANTINOPLE, llaacB 3. In cmsequenee of the protest raised by the Ambassador of Italy and France against the nnnlv lAnimt sentence passed on Colonel Mb'" Bey, the Council of Minister decided te to initenM him without further trial to allien for life in afortree.

Their decision will be submitted to the. Sultan for hi sanction. Beuter. THE MASSACRE IN NEW GUINEA. Beater' Agency learn that a telegram has vt, in London from Lord LainiDgton, Gorernbr of Queensland, ooxuirmihg tho new telegraphed from Brisbane to Beoter Agencyon Thnrday lat of i maaaaere in New Guinea; Tho nSBnUi JTirli mrelv state that Mr.

Green. the British EesidenVfire auier, and to natire hafe been kilkNi by the native at Mwibare It I La uinA ht tJie massacre is the result of any general rkfegi toit Tof tome ttolatod disturb ibm mmaae us dihtbi rwU.tnrA ona siteated in the north wes Btionoi Britiak New Gmitea, Mr. Green wa loeallr antMflked onl kat new dWiet. It Is pointed oat that the Mambu is near the loot ot Aiount ocrawoiyv ka hardly yet been toducod to order, the work ot aniiaauon only hanrg just seen cegun. THE UNITED STATES.

WaSniNGTOK, Vases S. Two featsret of tho PresudenV Inangnral Address to morrow especially interesting abroad will be a complete abaenco of jingoism and a steong passage about arbitration. Mr. M'Kinley mind was long ines made up on both these point. He does not think it necessary to prove bis Amerioanism by a display of dialike to other nations.

Inheriting, a he does, tome unsettled difficulties, he will deal with, them in a spirit of conciliation. His Inaugural Address will outline, if not a specifio policy on each important question, that general viow of his duties a the Executiro which will govern hi policy in each case. Mr. M'Kinley ha not thought it his duty to intervene directly.or indirectly to secure the ratification of tho arbitration treaty. But he will again send the original treaty to the Senate: His approval of the principle of general arbitration Is strong, and he favour a treaty which will give effect to the general principle, not one which will nullify or weaken it.

There is reason to believe that he will make his policy clearly understood not; only by declarations in bis Inaugural Address, but by using that 'influence which a President may properly exercise upon his supporters in the Senate. Mr. Sherman's action as chairman of tho Senate Committeo on Foreign Gelations need not embarrass him. Senator Sherman henceforth is the instrument of what cver policy tho President may adopt. The Silrerite Bepublicans made a fresh protest In the Senate yesterday against tho present policy of' the party on monetary questions.

The Monetary Conference Bill came back from tho House with amendments, which were finally agreed to. But Senators Dubois, of Idaho' Cannon, of Utah and Teller, of Colorado, who is the real leader of the band, read themselves out of the party. They seriously mean to organize a new party on a pure Silrer basis. We hare left you for good," cried Mr: Dubois, turning to his Republican colleagues. No financial relief," said Mr.

Caunon, i to be expected from the incoming Administration." Mr. Teller bdre but useful, testimuny to Mr. M'Einley's financial soundness, declaring that since his nomination his every utterance has indicated that he has gone over to the gold standard and will remain there." Senator Wolcott's mission they all thought a fa luro. Mr. Gsgo's appointment as Secretary of the Treasury committed the new President to the new financial policy which Mr.

Gage is known to advocate. So, as these gentlemen care more for Silrer than for any other qucation, they renounce their party allegiance once for all. If this means that they will refuse to make any bargain on tariff so much the better. President Cleveland's veto of the Immigration Bill has been expected for some days. He regards the proposed restrictions as likely to causo hardship to immigrants though illiterate, may become useful citizens.

He disbelieres in the dangers against which the framcrs of the Bill attempted to provide. He opposes the measure as a departure from a well established national policy. Hebelieres that the depression in the labour market is duo to business causes, not to orer supnly of labour from foreign countries. And he has the courage to say that the menace to Republican institutions comes, not from the ignorant but from the educated agitator, who brings with him European doctrines of Socialism and anarchy. Our Own Correspondent.

WASHINGTON, Miacn 3. The House of Representatives to day passed the Alien Immigration Bill over President Cleveland's veto by 193 votes to 37. President Cleveland has signed the Bill for tho promotion of an international Monetary Conference. Yesterday evening Mr. M'Kinley was informally entertained at dinner by President and Mrs.

Clevel nd at the Whit House. There were no other guests. RtuUr. MR. M'EINLEY'S CABINET.

Masai 3. The following is a complete list of the Secre taries in the new Administration Senator John 8herman Secretary of State. Mr. Lyman J. Gag.

of Tre Mr. Russell A. Secretary of War. Mr. Cornelius N.

Bliss Secretary of thelnterior. Mr. John D. Long Secretary of the Navy. Secretary of Agricul ture.

Mr. Joseph Attorney General. Mr. James A. Gary Postmaster General Heater.

RUSSIA, ENGLAND, AND ABYSSINIA. ST. PETEBSBURG, Mascn 3. In an article to day the object of the special British mission to Abyssinia the JYbroe Vrtrnya says Abyssinia is partly indebted to Russia's moral sunnort for her Dolitical elevation, and s. a now constitutes a solid African factor graritating towards Bussia, whom sho can usefully serve as a means of action upon England and other European Powers baring interests in Africa.

Russia must not' allow' England to cut off Abyssinia from com muoication witn tue xvea Dea, wnere nussian interests are constantly increasing." The lournal concludes by recommending the Government to strengthen and develop friendly relations with to regulate them by promptly accrediting a Russian diplomatic representative to the Emperor Menelik. Beater. GERMANY. BERLIN, llaaca 3. The Gorernment Commissioner for the Berlin Bourse has reported to tho Minister of Commerce that the; secession or meeting of grain and produce dealers mthe Fairy Palace constitutes a "bourse" in the aenso ot" the law of June 22, 1896.

The effect of this declaration, if ratified by the Government, will be that any gathering of traders can be pronounced a bourse and bo compelled to apply for a State licence Or to submit to dissolution. It is understood that the Minister of Commerce, Herr Brefeld, will not act upon the report until he has submitted the question to the decision of the Supreme Court of Administration, which has the 'prerogative of deciding tho interpretation to be given to the law. Xhis uourt has repeatedly given a verdict against the organs of the Gorernment. It is impossible to anticipate it judgment in the present instance, but should it confirm the view of the Government, Commissioner the result would, in the general opinion, be even mere disastrous to the interests of agriculture than to those of the produce dealers. Our Oim Corretpondent.

FRANCE. FABIS, llAXCB J. M. Cruppi, Advocate General at the Court of Cassation and a leading jurist, has published an able article against the secrecy of magisterial inquiries, a system which, it must be hoped, will fall before tho combined attacks of jurists and rmblie lavman. The onenbaff passage suma up the evils of thi barbarous system Tend is enough to show how well founded is the horror excited throughout tho dvilired world by this relio of the Middle Ages.

M. Cruppi says What insfrvcrwm teeriUt Altnough every body know; it should be 80 soon a the accused person, suspected person, is tho msgistrate' hands he is for the entire duratkm of the rnonirrv separated from the rest of the world and ignorant of tho. aocusations heaped on aninit him. If he ha si counsel he cannot reefy confer with him. That coansel i igno rsat.

as well a his client, of depositions or tim witeaaaM ci theooBdact of theinamry. The Mesjsed ha not the jsrhriljsol by an expert ccsn by hiaajelf, the operations of the expert appointed by the magiatrate. He cannot inskt open any step whatever which may oe Bserai to mm lor his defence. The magistrato interrogaie him in the strictest secrecy. He has to reply to questions of the sigsiieaae of which he may be ignorant, sines he not aware of the line taken by th investigation.

Thi lasta for days, sometimes for whole months, and when the indictment finally meets the defendant's eyes all is over and accomplished. The inquiry, which he hss not been able to watch, which: ha been; conducted against him and without him, I to bring him into the courts an accused man. Certain daring minds have dreamed for nearly 100 years of modifying such a state of things." The Bishop of Orleans. Mgr. Touehet, has been directed by the Pope to institute an inquiry with a riew to the canonization of Joan of Arc A list of 110 questions has been drawn up.

Tho Joan of Arc windows in Orleans Cathedral will be unrolled on May 7. Our Oven Correspondent. BELGIUM. BRUSSELS, Hastes 3. Tho funeral of the lata M.

de Buriet, which is to take place on Saturday at Ni relies, is being organized upon a msgnincent scale. All the Mmuters hare promited to attend, and the rendering of military honours will form part of the ceremonial. A high tribute has been paid to the memory of tho deceased statesman in the two Chambers, in which eren his political adreraarie heartily joined. The programme of the actual eaaion having been settled in the Chamber, the Cores ans de Vriendt Bill for the official recognition of Flemish has been ahelred for this year. Our Corretpondent.

THE INDIAN FAMINE. SINGAPORE, Itasca 3. The Iadiaa Famlss Fond opened by th Strttitt Timet amounts to $34,000. Renter. Owing to the interruption of telegraphio communication with the Continent we have received no despatches from some of our Correspondents.

TO DATS ARRANGEMENTS. The Princess of Wales holds a Drawinr Boom at Buckingham alxce, 3. London Liberal and Badieal Union Sir W. Hareoszt at Edinburgh Castle hall, Stepney. Mr.

B.K. Casston, U.l'., in the chair. 8. Mr. Ritchie receives, a Deputation of British Shipowners at the Board of Trade oa the Mercantile Marine Tend and Light Does, 2.

London School Board Meeting 3. The Lord Mayor and Sheriffs visit the Royal Hospital for Children and Women, Waterloc brldga road, 3. Public Meeting of the Parishioners of Westminster at the Town hall to consider steps for commemorating the Diamond Jubilee. Mr. BurdeU Coatts, M.P., in the chair, 0.

British Medical AssoeUtion Metropolitan Coontisa Branch Meeting at the Museum in Jsnayn street, 5. London City Mission outer tationt and Matting at the Maasionhase, 7 30. Institution of Civil Engineers 1 Dinner to given by Mr. Wolfe Barrr, C.B., president, 8 p.m. Boyal Society Meeting at 4 30.

Boyal Institution, Albemarls stree Professor Percy (iardnsr oa Greek History and Kxtant Monu meats (the first ot a coarse of three lactam), 3. London Institution 1 Canon Benham on Cbeapsids," 6. Soeiaty of Arts Howard Lectnra. Professor J. A.

Ewing on The Mechanical Production of Cold," 8. London School of Economies and Political Science Professor A. V. Dioey on The Comparative Study of the Constitution, Mo, Adelphi terrace, 8. Society for the Eneonragement of the Fine Arts, 9, Conduit street, Regent street Mr.

F. H. Evans ea Caaterbnry and Ely Tiinnesn Society Meeting at Burlington boose, 9. London Reform Union Annual Meeting in St. Martin's Town hall.

National Artillery Association Major B. M. B. F. Kelly on "Garrison Artillery," at Royal United Service Institution, 6.

New Hospital for1 Women, Enston read Annual Meeting at 3. Ma yiebona Parish Church Bach's Passion Music John), with orchestral accompaniment, at 8. Messrs. Agnew's Galleriss 31st Annual Exhibition ot Water Colonr Drawings. Company Utetinjs Aylesbury Dairy, 31, Bt.

Petarsbnrgh plaes, Bays water, 2. Dairy Bupply, 28, Mnsenm straet, Bloonubury.ll 30. Harrow and Stanmore Uas, Albion Tavern, Alders ate street, 1. a Wilkes, Son, and Mapplabtek, Birmingham, 12 30. Junior Army and Navy Stores, St.

Martin's Towa hall, 2 50. Minehead Railway, Faddington Station, 2. Pbospho (inaao, Liverpool, 2. Prudential Assoranea, 112, Holbora Bars, 2. Road Block Oold Mining, 6t Queen street plaee, 12.

West Australian (Oold DistnetJ Trading, Wmchaster honss, 12 30. The Grand Military Racquet Championship Cup Competition at Prince's, continued. PARLIAMENTARY NOTICES. HOUSE OF LORDS. Miaca 4.

yoTiczs avs oanxss or tbs sat. At half past 4 o'clock. Thompson's Divorce Bill, Cotunittea. Retirement of Vestryman and Auditors (London) Bill, Second reading. Land Transfer Bill, Second reading.

The Earl of ask the Postmaster General a question relating to the accelerated mail service to Ireland. HOUSE OF COMMONS, Masca 4. oaoxs or, tbz dat. "Voluntary Schools Bill, Committee. TEE BELIEF OF KANDAHAR.

TO THE EDITOR OF THE TIMES. Sir, Then is a passage In General Roberts's anto biography which I feel rare would not have been written had that grand bid officer been acquainted with the circumstances. As a proof of tho demoralized condition in which he found the Kandahar garrison, he states they never even hoisted the Union Jack until the relieving force was close at hand." The facts are these. The idea of hoisting the flag had occurred in the first dsy or two of the siege I think Captain Keyser, in charge of the signalling tower. originated it and Major Caldecott, the ordnance officer, was instructed to supply a Union Jack bat he searched his stores without finding Then Major Walcott.

of the Commissariat Department, received the order to males a flag bat either be was uncertain how to put om together or had not the materials at hand, ana, overwhelmed as be was jn work, the matter was auowed to sup. However, aooos august 20, jusi oeiore General Roberts's signals were seen, a Jack' was found in. the arsenal and was at once hoisted on the signal tower. I think in justice to the garrison it should be known that the flag was only not hoisted because there was not one to hoist. The three officers I hare man tiooftd are alive and ean corroborate my statement.

After the reverses we had sustained the troops ware to aome extent duurtted. but I do not recollect that appeared so hopelessly defeated" all they wantad was a general; in icon ihj couw ivu conooeacv. General Roberts supplied that want. I am Ac A. G.

CANE, Char lab to the Eandaaar Garruon in 1880. Great Paxton vicarage. Tni Oxxtaw Qcasriox.pealrinff last night at a meeting held in 'the Assembly ball, Putney, nader the auspices of the Putney Liberal and Radical Association, Bit Robert T. Beid, Q.C., M.P., referred to the Cretan question, and said the opinion of Engl and was ona 01 incaj cm ante weigns ua wnoia uuropa, and it was for the people of Englrnd to make their opinion heard and its weight felt. In the East of Europe there was a despotism he referred to Turkey which for brutality had never been paralleled, even in ancient history, and from that country had ban broken off bit by tat large sections of territory, because the Powers of Europe were obliged to show bv force the impossibility of enduring the dominion of the Turk any longer.

Than was sot the slightest doubt that tb present state of affairs in the East was very serious, and the question for them to consider was what was the position England, should take up. Lord Salisbury had admitted that to a great extent he was bound by the concert of the Powers. The only thhif for England to do was, apparently, to fire on the Cretans or give up the eoocert of Earops and God forbid that the former coarse should be adopted. Unlesa th quastion was settled in a way which was not likely to be aeeept abla to or accepted by the Cretans, EBgiand would have to act la one of the two ways he had spoken of. He hoped that England would not be allowed by pubHo opinion liberal or CcBservatlve to do; such a thg as land troops to order to teipel the CretiTri to snbstrt toaay soveteigntytflfeeTBric.

Bxwaxo to BsUstsh SjuioMTha Board of Trade have reedved Uuouah Fordga Cgca a baecnlar glaaa aad a tsJssei pe which rhare been respectfvaly awarded, by tbeTnaeb GeitiarasTitto Mr. Jc Bearpatk, master, iSBd Mr. Georw wmiaai OmwSI anttL. A thst tkkt Leaaata. of Hua.

ia TMonHiaa et tsaerrises to thasttinwrfrkM erew et April (ITSOJC OCT OWy COXXMrOHSSJtT.) NEW YOSX, Fm. 19.: The action, or rather the long inaction, of tho Ben upon the Treaty of Arbitration has one mora drawn pahlio attention is the United States to the decadence of thai body. More than a month has elapsed since tho President sent fiie treaty to the Senate with a aaasage strongly reconirnending its ratification. It is not too smch to say that daring all these weeks the Senate has taken no single step towards ratification. It has taken many which lead directly away from it.

The treaty in its genuine form has never had a chance. There never has been a disposition to accept it on its merits giro it fair play, and let a great experiment be honestly tried. So soon as it was referred, in the usual course of business, to the Committee on Foreign Halations, the wrecking began. That committee, like the Senate as a whole, is under jingo control. What chance had' a treaty of arbitration an instrument of peace and international good will in the bands of a company of men whose leading idea of foreign policy isggression, who delight in self assertion at the expense of other nations from whom is heard the continual threat of war which probably few, of them really desire For the note of jingoism is insincerity an appeal to vulgar passions and spurious patriotism, and a delight in turmoil, all carried to the point where serious risk of war begins, and stopping there.

What is so remarkable in the present case is the fact that public opinion took a contrary course, reversing all the common theories about the unfitness of Democracy for the direct decision of great issues. This and some other conspicuous instances may induce the political philosopher to revise his estimate ox as a governing Ho may presently see cause to admit that the multitude is more likely to bo right on great issues than in lesser ones, especially If the great issues involve a question of political morals, and especially, sgain, if you give tho people time to think it prer, or appeal Jto them in the language they best understand. They hesitated long, for instance, on the slavery question. They doubted whether they would fight to maintain the Union. They doubted whether they were for emancipation as a measure of war.

They doubted whether, after the rebellion had been put down, they would readmit the States of the conquered couth to their old position and their full rights and privileges as States under the Constitution. But in end they decided every one; of these great issues wisely and rightly. Their first impulse on the sppearance of resident Clereland's war Message about Venezuela was to follow blindly that blind and angry leader, for he waa these both. Upon reflection they drew off, and, though both Houses of Congress had plunged madly after the President, the people soon came to beliere that the Message was a mistake and that there had been no occasion for menace and no just cause for war. They went through a similar paroxysm about Cuba and calmed down.

They hesitated awhile about Populism and Silrerism, and then elected Mr. M'Kinley. In many of these cases the people proved wiser than their leaders and legislators. It is so in the present instance with reference to arbitration. The people of the United States have ratified tho treaty.

The Senate withholds iU assent. The people took a large view of the wholequestion. The Senate has haggled about details. The people wanted to affirm a gi eat principle. The Senate is willing tosaerificb the principle rather than waive the least technical ppint.Ko treaty overdrawn would have survived an examination conducted in the spirit which has actuated the Senate a spirit of critical and cynical suspicion as well as of general dislike to that general arbitration which would make jingoism a more difficult trade to practise in the future.

Tho people have shown that they wish not only to affirm the nrincinle of arbitra tionthere has never been any doubt about that but to emnoay it in a workine treatv which shall provide methods and tribunals of an efficient and onerativo kind. The Senate has from the first sought to make the treaty inefficient and unprac ucu uu iw ujaiuiuwj lauperBwre. xxus is a treaty drawn with such skill as to meet most of the objections of those who favoured specific arbitration, yet, held it impossible to give effect to the principlo in a general treaty or construct a tribunal capable of dealing judicially with all classes of arbitrable issues. The Senate instantly set itself to nullify tho work of Sir Julian Paunce fote and Mr. Oinyt and to bring, us back to where we were! before they entered upon their great task.

Many of these gentlemen were for arbitration until its practicability was demonstrated. Others were in favour of a treaty under which questions which they thought of no real moment might be sent before the arbitral tribunal. Others, still, wereforatreatyprovideditstipulated that nothing should be done under it except by the conclusion of a new This last effort of genius was the creation of Senator Morgan, of Alabama, perhaps the most inveterate and certainly the most verbose jingo of them all. He started the objection that, under the treaty as framed, itwoald v. 1 i iL.

sj 1 a i a do puseiuie it srresiaen to saomit msuers in dupute to arbitration without consultine the Senate. Mr. Morgan knows the temper of the Senate very well. He knows its jealous susceptibility, its desire to enlarge its Turisdiction snd to grasp at more power than it has, its dissatisfaction with the constitutional distribution of executive functions as between itself and the President. Its resentment when it was plainly told not long since by Mr.

Olney that it had nothing to do with the matter of recognising the belligerency or independence of Cuba was still fresh that keen thrust still rankled in tho wound. On these feelings Mr. Morgan played. He drew a black S'cture of the President trying secretly to with aw from the Senate its present power of preventing tha adjustment; of controversies. It was another more in the game of cross purposes with the President which the Senate is ever ready to play.

The Senate took fire. Mr. Turpie of Indiana only two days before had delivered a long and strong speech in favour of ratifying tho original treaty without amendment, upon hearing Mr. Morgan he drew an amendment providingproviding that no questions should go before, the tribunal until approved by the treaty making powers of the two Governments. In other words, general arbitration was to be a mere and there was to be a new treaty of specific arbitration in each; case as it arose.

The Senate welcomed this proposal. Senators saw their way to scoring a pomt in their contest with the President and enfeebling the treaty at the same time. Senator Hoar's views were not less extraordinary. He is for arbitration of some sort, it is not quite certain what. He would like, at any rate, to affirm the principle, having none of Mr.

Gladstone's horror of abstract: resolutions or of academic legislation. But he had been irritated by the general demand for immediate and unconditional ratification. In a letter to, the Massa chusetts Club, whose members are bis con stituonts, he described tho treaty as a rainbow of promiso. But ho thought the rainbow needed modifications acceptable, to both countries, As no modifications acceptable to either country hare yet been suggested, Mr. Hoax's meaning ia not very clear.

He went on to say, however, that the attempt to hurry the Senate or to ratify a treaty by public opinion ought to be resisted. He repeated some of the rather angry language he had used on this point in the Senate itself. And he declared his opinion that, important as was arbitration, it was sore important still that there should be sober and deliberate action oa the treaty by the Senate. That is to eminent Senator for eminent he is considers that the method by which one legialatire body forming one part of one braaeh ofth Gorernment transacts lt business is more important than the sction of the vaole Goren ment sad the good faith and sense of both Upyernmeut ana people, and tne of good relations or neaeefei Great Britain SBd the United Btesesr doctrine from one of the representing; a new in the Far West might not swnrisa aayeedy. It i is a eorprsee.

sasvifnIsjBr leaned of Beeators. I eeeae it lor thai tsiiit llho Seoaie entrtetd to be Jsjded br Ito beet, S. in unless it should unhappiiv tara ont that set SM best, but the worst, are In a saafority. Be with jiagoism snd the Senatorial taeory of Beaa tonal dlsnity, working together ie hard to say how a majority in favour of good sense and of the public welfare, is to be composed. Jingoism, indeed, which hVs ragee! in the Senate like an epidemic, is of no latitude or longitode.

Mr. Morgan ia a leading jingo, ana the Legislature of Mr. Morgan's own btate of Alabama has resolutions I believe almost unanimously in favour of the treaty which Mr. Morgan has done his utmost to destroy. The Korth West is supposed to be the home of jingoism, but Mr.

Vest; of Missouri and Mr. Nelson of Minnesota are Iwo of its raostsealous advocatea. Mr Lodge is Mr. Hoar's junior colleague from Massachusetts and is the chief author of' that amendment by which all questions affecting foreign ot domestic policy are excluded from arbitration a piece of pure jingoism. Mr.

Lodge would not allow himself to described as an enemy of arbitration he ia in favour arbitration provided it does not put to the touch any issue or question or doctrine in which he is interested meaning, of course, first of all the Lodge Monroe doctrine. He justified his effort to amend the treaty into ribands by alleging that not otherwise could the North West be won over to its support there was a solid mass of hostile North West opinion' Whatever it be, it is not solid, as we have fust seen, nor is there much evidence of this hostility, solid or fluid, outside of the Senate itself. Mr. Lodge's attitude is a very unfortunate one. He represents the old Puritan Bay State which for 250 years has been the nursery of the best American ideas.

He is a man of excellent abilities, of great power of work and real industry, of pure character, of aincerity in his aims and views, and most of his views seem to me much higher than those of the average politician, or of any men in public life except the select few whose conceptions of statesmanship belong to the past. And with all this, Mr. Lodge's idea of foreign policy is the Chinese idea. Not the public opinion of but the public opinion of America I had almost said of Washington is to him all sufficing. The Monroe doctrine in his hands would be the American equivalent for the Chinese wall.

He does not, I believe, consider bin: self a jingo the name is one which fear like as a label. He certainly does not belong to the straiter snd more intemperate sect of this strange company, but to acquit him altogether of jingoism is impossible. He baa been the more dangerous because of his fine qualities. Buff jingoism is a malady which may bo Mr. Lodge is still a young man and is not to be classed with those of whom Heine said that thev had a brilliant future behind them.

If you look round the Senate Chamber, he is one of those you would select aa most likely to grow into the stature of the men who in earlier days gave to the Senate the reputation it has lately been squandering. TEE JAPANESE IN FORMOSA. TO THE EDITOR THE TIMES. Bir, I thought that the alleged cruelties of the Japanese ia Formosa bad been proved ta be false, tat in jour Hail issue of October 19 a latter appeared, signed by a missionary, who aj.parntJy hasnot sufficient courage to sign his own name, bet adepts instead the pseudonym South Foraosan." It so hsppened that during tha time all these barbarities are said to hare occuiied I was in the north part of the bland, ea my return to SaM I gave the Kelt Herald, in an isterriew, aa seeoeat of what I had actually sees ia Feraoea. I iorsr i consider hear say evidence, sad that ea cae side only, Vf aay accocai.

South Formoaaa says, ia his letter, that there was nominal peace ia the island. This was not the case. There was a most decided rising against the Japanese, during which several lives were lost, amongst tbe victims being four Japanese women and a British subject, a Farsee. Shortly after the event I mat a brother of ose of tte murdered wuaen. I do not know bow many villages were burnt, bat that they were ruthlessly destroyed I do not believe.

From personal experience 1 totally dis believe the accusations of deliberate butchery by Japanese soldiers. It must be recollected that the army is composedr of coascriptsad that there is amongst the soldiers taken from the lower classes a large leavening ef the middle and upper classes, sad these men would sot be likely to give way to tbe excesses of which they are accused they are, moreover, perfectly under the control of tbeb fleers, who are well educated and "intelligent mtm With regard toiba violation of women, there may, pertapa, have been cases cf it but I doubt It, as from a long experience ot Japan and the Japanese, extending ever a quarter or a century, I am certain they have their passions much more under control than Europeans, and I believe I am right ia saying that the violation ef woman in Japan is almost unknown crime. As to the desecrations of graves, 1 fear many more wBl have to be desecrated, if the word can boused, ia. Formosa for there, as m. China, the dead are buried everywhere, and in making roads, railways, which are being rigorously poshed on with, many graves art bound to coins in th way, but I think the Japaaeaa bar enough respect for their own dead not to unnecessarily hart tho feelings of their new subjects.

What I did see in Formosa was as follows travelled all ever the northern part, collecting nataral history specimens the Japanese authorities gave ma every facility for so, doing. I therefore went to places where. the foreigner in business does not gol, I was aceompankd by two Japanese assistants, and wherever I went I noticed a total absence ot fear amongst the natives. AH occupations continued ss usual. At nearly every farmhouse we passed we were invited to have tea.

I myself might have been easily mistaken, for a Japanese, being dark ia fact, I was so mistaken amongst the savages, and I everywhere was gtrca accommodation, although sometimes it was very rough. Through my Japanese I asked questions, writing them in Chinese characters, and found tha farmers had not been interfered with. As far as the soldiers are con earned 1 will give cae instance. Ia a village called Bintiam, where there is a Christian church belonging to tbe Bev. Sir.

HackayY mission, from whem I bad a letter to his native pastor, there was a eomjasy of about 100 men and four officers quartered in the church and other buildings. Through the assistance of Captain Knuittmi, the officer charge, I was installed wish their interpreter, and lived amongst them seme days. I found them anything but the 'barbarians they are paiated. On Sunday the church was cleared, and the native Christians held their service as usual. Dairy, girls were sorting tea, whQa the soldiers were looking oa.

Everything bought was paid for. The food, the basts ef which was boiled wheat, was of the roughest Tha officers spent their evenings ia study. On the tram between Eeelung and Taipeh I saw natives and Japanese travailing togetter. The train was usually very crowded, but I never saw any attempt made to force tha natives ta give up their seats to either soldiers or others the late comers had to stand. I stood several times myself The natives seemed perfectly harpy.

I passed very few burnt villages, and these, as far as I could fad out, had been burnt ahortly after the first landing en the iUrrt. At ona place, Siachin, when gold is found, I slept at a house riddled with ballets, but it was itiH steading sad occupied by its owners. I also taw the savages leaving one of tha border villages laden with rice, tee gift of the authorities. I think these facts sfacjeld suftee to upset the ebargss made by South Permease. against tee Japanese.

Attached to the troops ware large numbers of coolies, sad there were plenty of Yamaabi adventurers ia the eonatry. who had come thmkias; Formosa aa Darmdo where there was plenty of lead available. They soon, however, found teat every inch of avaDahla land was euKrrateaby. the natives. These persons were a source of anxiety to the aathorities, bet most have retnreed or settled dowa.

They may have excesses; bet ts asvtkias like the oubarities whined of by Boeth Formoaaa heeeesei ,1. ever teokpJaca. Doabtlesa by tha hfa CM thMa aaa A beea i liJ. boss, sides before writing Ms re asplsg seaesi ba ve been only jest to 1 task is baset with SatissiaM wsmnftted tie Nd this J1 'fsssfL.