The Indianapolis News from Indianapolis, Indiana • 7

THE INDIANAPOLIS NEWS, SATURDAY, AUGUST 1 944. -t ICELAND PREPARATORY INVASION BOMBING COST ALMOST 14,000 ALLIED FUERS 1 CHURCHILL'S REPORT ON THE CAPTIONS ARE BASED ON HIS SPEECH TO COMMONS it. i Reykjavik HIGHEST PERSONALITIES ARE MURDERING ONE ANOTHER GREAT BRITAIN r. ilC jpN SERIN TAN FAVOR VX-Vr-rHs1 jf4t SEA i. KAMCHATKA SEA OF OKHOTSK ro Moscow ROBOTS KILL 4,735 AND INJURE 14,000 IN 7 WEEKS not rja RUSSIAN ARMY DID MAIN WORK IN TEARING GUTS OUT OF GERMAN ARMY A r- 35w NEWFOUNDLAND PSUohns fLTN'M York INVASION MET WORST JUNE GALES IN 40 YEARS PORTUGAL Lisbon AZORES MADEIRA PA IF I OCEAN i BONIN i GREECE MEDITERRANEAN EGYPT mm A I VII U-BOAT LOSSES NOW COMPARATIVELY NEGLIGIBLE 1 U.

S. PENETRATIONS OPEN PROSPECT OF 'SPEEDIER CLIMAX' ATLANTIC OCEAN 3lV UNITED NATIONS ARMY INCLUDES JAPANESE-AMERICANS, GREEKS, SOUTH AFRICANS, FRENCH, POLES AND ITALIANS MARIANAS ESI A GIFT OF 350 -V VVf PROMISED SOVIETS ROMANIA SHOULD MAKE TERMS WITH RUSSIA FORWARD ON SIDE OF FRIENDS IRAQ SUEZ CANAL HQ en NORMANDY ATTACK IN THEY PROMISED 0 A MADAGASCAR era7; AFGHANIS Krrti Alt-OlT OFFENSIVE wuland I'M i a kt tfri SHERMAN TANKS PLAYED KEY PART CV" BENGAL ff A A ISLANDS MARSHALL CAPE VERDE Freetown Monrovia ASCENSION CEYLON xIl CAROLINES ins rPHILIPPINE uumm 'Darwin CORAL ok nmtz MIDWAY t'2UAirF i'WAKt AND MAC GAIN EXPANDING HEBRIDES SAMOA NEW CALEDONIA Auckland I KA SEA ST HELENA 1 A IICTPAI I A Brisbane Rio UAY uenosAires NEW ZEALAND copyright, hud utucATioN DAVID LAWRENCE McNair's Death Raises Question of Using Heavy Bombers Tactically FULTON LEWIS, Jr. C. I. 0.

Political Action Committee Termed Only Sure Election Loser WASHINGTON, Aug. 5. When the war is over and a calm and dispassionate study of military mistakes can be made, it is. probable that the circumstances surrounding the death of Lieutenant General Lesley J-McNair in Normandy be fully investigated. The famous leader of our ground forces was a victim of an-American bomb dropped from ah American heavy bomber; Many other Americans of far less importance in rank but not less important to their relatives and friends have been killed in this war by our own gunfire.

The Navy has revealed that it has fired on its own ships in the dark or in the obscurity of bad weather. The field' artillery in the last war and: in this war has laid down its barrages and has caught some of our own men. Some of the air transports which flew from North Africa to Sicily a' year ago were fired on by Allied naval vessels. All these incidents are naturally regretted by every officer who has had any part in them. Customarily, too, boards of inquiry are set up to determine the responsibility.

The use of heavy airplane bombers, however, in the form of air artillery to clear narrow areas of ground for infantry, as was the case when General McNair was killed', introduces into the discussion something that has long plagued the critics of military operations. lantranctKosA Honolulu 0 HAWAIIAN ISLANDS ARTHUR SUCCESS OF POLITICS By Frank R. Kent have been chairman of the Truman committee and certainly Mr. Roosevelt would tnot have made him his running mate. Concerning Mr.

Truman personally, it cr-n be said that he Is a man of Impeccable character whose consciousness of his own limitations made him genuinely reluctant to become a candidate for the vice-presidential nomination and who did so only when the orders came to him from the politicians he recognize as bosses. After his little haberdashery business went broke. Pendergast gave him his first small political, job; that Pendergast" handplcked him for the senate; that after Pender? gast had exposed as a criminal corruptlonist Mr. Tru- man mde an Jmoassloned defense of him In the senate. An attempt Is now being made to wipe all this out by superlative praise of the Truman committee, which, It is claimed, saved vast sums of money and performed great war services.

While the committee made some serviceable criticisms of the war management, offered some sound suggestions and did some good work, the criticisms had all been made before and the suggestions were of things, such as the single-handed pro- ductlon board, which had become Inevitable. Only Indirectly did the committee ever attach the slightest blame to the President, who was obviously the man responsible. OTA ii Perhaps it is not very Important that the senator put and has kept Mrs. Truman on the public pay roll. Always when such things are discloised the claim is that the pay roll relative is so efficient as to be Indispensable.

Perhaps that is true of Mrs. Truman. Nevertheless, the fact remains that first-grade, senators do not do that kind of thing. In former times there used to be sure and deep public resentment toward this form of nepotism. But the way in which the Roosevelt family, for twelve years past, has capitalized its White House occupancy appears to have blunted popular sensitiveness on this subject.

However, to many, it slill seems an exhibition of bad taste and a proof of low standards. Relftifd McNutht iyndic(e, Inc. Are You Paying On Your LIFE 6 INSURANCE LOAN? The Peoples State Bank will refinance your existing loan against the cash value of your life Insurance policy at low interest rates. We attend to aU the detnlls. Write for Full Particulars THE PEOPLES STATE BANK 130 K.

MARKET ST. Membf FHml Vt poU Inturtnrt Corporation. 4 Kite v-i yti Ut4N, uhgkihgShannha'n- CH'NA BWTSH Flf TS TO BF STRENGTHENED AS U. S. OCCUPIES JAPS' FUU TIME Fre mantle Thus many air force enthu-; siasts declare that heavy bombers should never be used along with ground troops and only as a separate striking force in a strategic air plan.

They would confine bombers to what is known as a strategic air force as distinguished from tactical air forces which operate with ground troopSi The use of the heavy bombers as a part of the tactical arm is a dangerous affair if the bombers attempt to drop their loads from great hights. It is the difficulty of applying precision bombing under adverse weather conditions particularly that makes it hazardous to let the heavy bombers support ground troops. The problem of hitting moving armies while not' injuring-one's owni advancing forces is something that requires a great deal more experience than either the British or American air units have ever had. Time alone will tell whether different' training methods might have been instituted and whether the emphasis on a separate air arm, with the zeal for separateness, has not to some extent retarded what might have been a longer period of training in tactical air force operations synchronized with ground movement of troops. Reproduction rights reserved.

The preceding opinions are those of the writer and are not necessarily those of The News. teers. Some saw service in the Solomons and elsewhere in the South Seas. They were recruited as a special unit. The report says that by June.l the Marauders had been in operation about three months and were malaria-ridden, exhausted and suffering from malnutrition.

U. S. Haven for 982 Oppressed by Hun OSWEGO. N. Aug.

5 (AP)- Nearly 1,000 hesitant, yet eager, victims of the war in Ettrope arrived here today to remain for its duration in an emergency refugee shelter established by the war relocation authority at Ft. Ontario. Although they had been silenced for so lone by fear of the Nazis. each family among the 982 men, women and children had its own story of escape from oppression. Some were marked for persecution by their religion, some bv na- triotism and some by chance, but their stories all had the same ele ments of terror flight and final liberation.

Chosen on a basis of need from Italian camps, the majority of the refugees are Poles, Austrians, Yugoslavs, Germans and Czechs. Nineteen nationalities are represented. They were brought to the United States outside regular immigration quotas in compliance with President Roosevelt's "free port plan" order of June 9. At the end of the' war, they will be returned to their countries. Hannegan, Truman Confer on Plans WASHINGTON, Aug.

5 (AP) Democratic National Chairman Robert A. Hannegan and Senator Harry S. Truman, the party's vice-presidential nominee, conferred today and reported campaign plans still were in the formative stage, pending "a chance to discuss the matter" with President Roosevelt. U. S.

AIR HIG ft mm A i fcV JUTS 11 -Hongkong AT EL ALAMEIN UNION Iric' crte ifu CAPE OF GOOD HOPE Allies Extend Florence Gains Push Nazis Back on Both Sides of City ROME, Aug. 5 (AP)-Eighth army troops have, completed occupation of the suburbs of Florence south of the Arno river and, bearing down along a twenty-five-mile sector, are pressing the enemy back against the stream on both fides of the city, Allied headquarters said today. General Sir Harold Alexander's command annqunced that "although the enemy proclaimed that he regards Florence as an open city, he has seen fit to use it for his military traffic, and, when outfought south of the city, has blown up all the bridges except the historic Ponte Vecchio. His paratroops, however, are posted along the northern bank of the Arno within the city limits." There were no reports today indicating actual fighting within the portions of Florence reached by 8th army units, but an Allied spokesman saJd "it is clear that the enemy intends to oppose the crossing of the Arno on both sides of the city which remain in No Man's Land." All along the south side of the Arno. British.

Indian, New Zealand and South African forces crushed the Nazis back and threatened to cut the weakening defenders into small formations. Two and a half miles east of Florence, a British division punched through Bango a Ripoli to within 1.00 yards of the Arno's banks. Advance elements pressing down into Florence were reported engaged by the enemy in a brief delaying action. It was suggested that the Germans possibly spared Ponte Vec chio because it is unsuitable for wheeled traffic. It resembles the old London bridge, with shops built on each side of a narrow pathway above the stream.

To oppose possible 8th army crossings on each side of Florence, the Germans have massed artillery on the hights around Fiesole, three miles to the northeast. From there the enemy has direct observation of Allied movements in the Arno valley. Nazis Flee Southwestern Part of France IRUN, Spain, Aug. 5 (AP) The swift progress of American troops across the Breton peninsula has led to a speeding up of the move ment of German units out of southwestern France, frontier advices said today. Thos movement is being carried out under constant Allied air at tacks, which are taking a heavy toll of the arms and men the Germans apparently hoped to pall out to aid their defense of central France and the Reich itself.

An example of "combined operations" between the Allies and French forces of the interior oc curred Thursday when a single Allied plane destroyed a twenty- five-car German munitions tram between Dax and Morcenx on the main line between Bordeaux and the Spanish frontier. The Germans never leave big munitions trains on main line tracks by daylight if they can help it, but in this particular case they could not help it. The maquis destroyed nearly 300 yards of track north of Moreen late Wednesday nieht. VfEIAN fr AN WISSr GREAT GAME WASHINGTON, Aug. 5 The effort to build Senator Truman up to a point where it will not be painful to contemplate the possibility of his becoming President of the United States is imposing a severe strain on the press agents devoted to the noble cause of continuing the Roosevelt regime for at least ifour more years.

Their first handicap is that the candidate, who should know himself better than any one else, very gravely doubts his own qualifications and is 'obviously aware that he is being terribly overpraised. Another obstacle is Senator Truman's political background, which, personally honest though he is, is conced-. edly shameful. Another is his record in the senate which is utterly devoid of originality or independence. Still another is the failure of the Truman committee record to measure up to the extravagant eulogies that have been draped around it.

Finally, there is the more 'or less trivial matter of having kept his "wife on the senate pay roll at $4,500 a year almost from the start of his service. Far from fitting into the picture of a first-grade senator and an. outstanding statesman, these things all. attest to the fact that Senator Truman is a rather lightweight politician who has always followed his local party bosses, stuck cJose by ad and never found himself in conflict with; the White House wishes. If he had' not been that kind of a man in" Missouri, Tom Pendergast, the criminally indicted and conf victed Kansas City boss, would never have made him senator and if he had not been that kind of a senator he would not Indiana to Hear Bricker in First Campaign Speech COLUMBUS, Aug.

5 (UP) Governor John W. Bricker, Republican vice-presidential today he will make his first campaign speech at French Lick, September 9 before the Indiana Republican Editorial Association. Bricker, just returned from the G. O. P.

Governors' conference at St." Louis, said he was "well pleased" with the accomplishments of the conference. He said he had declined an invitation to address the Vermont Republican state convention later this month. Governor Will Speak PORTLAND. Aug. 5 (UP) Governor Henry F.

Schricker will speak at the annual Indiana tomato festival at the Jay county -fairground next Wednesday, Roscoe Fraser, extension tomato specialist at Purdue University, announced today. de Janeiro At the present time they are pretty well convinced that the public wind is swinging away from the radical boys. They know that the war is going to be over one of these days, and they know that when it is more than 10,000.000 soldier votes are going to come rushing back to the United States. All politicians have had more or less of a preview of what the political thinking of those soldiers is going to be, and they don't think that it's going to be radical. To the men at the front.

Hill-man is one of the men who was leading strikes for higher wages while they were fighting in foxholes for $50 a month, lie's one of the men who took over their jobs while they went to war, and then refused to work at them unless they got far more money for it than the soldiers had ever drawn in their lives. That may not be fair to Hill-man, but it's a practical approach to a political situation that is shaping up, and the political leaders are putting their money on it as the best approach. Hillman can be. a martyr lo his own political ideas if he wants to be. But the Democratic party doesn't want any part of martyrdom.

It wants to go on winning elections. CcpyrifhL 1944 by Kln Features Syndicate, Inc. The preceding opinions are 1hoe of the icriter and are not necetxarily those, of The Xeirs, Byrnes Clamps Down on Labor Orders Strict Controls in Shortage Areas WASHINGTON, Aug. 5 (AP) Acting to prevent increases in civilian manufacturing at the expense of war production. War Mobilization Director James F.

Byrnes has ordered strict controls over employment in all labor shortage areas. Mr. Byrnes gave the war manpower commission power over reconversion steps of the war production board which WMC believes would divert workers from war plants. He authorized war agencies to use unprecedented war powers to insure compliance. These include the stoppage of materials, equipment, fuel, power and transportation facilities to civilian employers who exceed their labor quotas.

"For the few programs in which production is now critically short and urgently needed, the facts warrant courageous action quickly'." the mobilization director said Friday. "People want to leave their jobs in war plants in order to get back into civilian business. If the present exodus from war plants continues, it is going to interfere seriously with the possibility of an early end of the war. "We have ekeniy on the ropes; he is dazed and his knees are buckling. This is no time to take a holiday and give him time to recover.

It is time to finish the job. We can not let down our men in the armed services." WMC Chairman Paul V. McNutt was authorized to apply "all sanctions lawfully available to the gov ernment" against employers who fail to bring their pay rolls down to standards set by local manpower priority committees in the 181 labor shortage areas. Misunderstanding Sends U. S.

Convalescents Into Action TASMANIA! Super Job Unit Fought by G.O.P. Seeks South's Aid in Opposing Postwar Plan WASHINGTON, Aug. 5 (Arsenate Republicans sought support today from southern "states rights" Democrats to oppose a bill to create a super-reconversion agency and set up $35 a week federal postwar unemployment payment standards. The bill was termed by Senator Warren Austin an "unprecedented grant of power" to Washington. Sponsored by Senators James E.

Murray Harry S. Truman Mo.) and Harley Kilgore it would create an office of war mobilization and adjustment to preside as top agency over production and manpower until two years after the close of the war, when the unemployment provisions also would expire. The bill envisions the appointment of a work administrator with authority to transport workers. to new jobs, and to provide six months of federally-paid vocational educational training to any worker, plus paying $50 a month subsistence, $75 if he is married. The unemployment compensation section sharply contrasting with a separate bill by Senator Walter George Ga.) to leave rate fixing to the states while guaranteeing the solvency of state unemployment insurance funds-would fix uniform standards.

Based on 75 per cent, of a workers base pay, the payments under the; military bill would be limited to $20 a week for bachelors, $25 for a worker with one dependent, $30 for two dependents and $35 for three or more. These maximum payments, under the bill, also would be extended to all discharged members of the armed services. Austin predicted that Repub licans would get together with Senator George and other Southern state's righters in an effort to pass his separate unemployment compensation proposal when the issue comes to a senate showdown Tuesday. U. S.

Speaks to Spain in Softer Tone WASHINGTON, Aug. 5 (AP) Evidence that the United States may be seeking friendlier rela tions with Generalissimo Francisco Franco's Spanish government was seen by diplomats here today in an unusual official statement on the death of Spanish Foreign Minister Jordana. Speculation over the reason for issuing the statement, reminiscent of Prime Minister Churchill's "friendly words" for Spain last May, ran to two possibilities. 1. The American government has decided to seek generally a more friendly understanding with the ruling powers in Spain, thereby reversing its "traditionally critical" attitude toward Franco because of his long pro-Nazi policy.

2. More specifically, Washington wanted to make it apparent to Madrid that "various friendly action" by Jordana had been deeply appreciated by American officials and they hoped that his successor would be equally co-operative. WHEEL CHAIRS CAN BE RENTED HAAG'S 402 Capitol Pa. rhonr, 1,1. Mfhl rhonc.

RL 78ft. WASHINGTON, Aug. 5 If I were a betting man, I'd chalk Sidney Hlllman down as the number-one bad bet of this political campaign. President Roosevelt may win. or Governor Dewey may win, and hundreds of other fellows will win along with them.

But Sidney and his C. I. O. Political Action committee are' backed down a blind alley. To be a winner you've got to lick somebody and then be able to take something he's got, but ho matter who gets licked.

Hill-man won't be a winner. He's an outsider who has jumped into a private fight, and he's more than to end up with both of the other contestants swinging at him. There's no secret as to why the Republicans hate him. He's been all-out against them for years. It's different with the Democrats.

He's been in their camp for years. But if the truth were known, the Democrats probably hate him worse than the Republicans do. The Democrats are saddled with him. and now they're afraid of him. He has degenerated to the status of a rich mother-in-law.

They don't want to throw him out because they don't want to lose the help he's giving them, and they're afraid to keep him because he's trying so hard to take over their stablishment and run things the way he wants them to run. If. during the course of the campaign, his presence in the Democratic household begins giving the party a b3d name with the voters, the Democratic leadership will start dropping fiillman and Political Action committee cohorts. Before the Democratic convention in Chicago, Sidney might have had a chance of coming out of this campaign with something in the way of winnings. But after his performance there, he showed conclusively that he wasn't a generous little fellow who was going along just for the ride.

Instead of that, he wanted to run the show on a half-fare ticket. He's not a labor leader at heart, but rather a political fanatic. He's not able to operate the way a politician does, and bend his political machinery to suit the current will of voting public. He's not even able to operate the way the successful labor leader operates such as John L. Lewis or William Green and get the most he can for his union out of whatever kind of a government the people want to elect.

He wants the government mede to order for his purposes. He wants the kind of a government that will take his orders, and if it disagrees with him on one point, then he's against it. Hill man's mental processes are like all of the other extreme radicals, or extreme reactionaries. They all sit around and talk to themselves so much that they forget there is any pther way to think than the way they think. They forget that there is any other kind of people in the United States than their own kind.

They're intolerant and reactionary to their toes, and you're either 100 per cen, cr them, or you're 100 per cent, agalnat them. That's why Sidney goose is cooked with both the Democrats and the Republicans. That's why Sidney is the No. 1 bad bet of this political campaign. The Democratic party, to which Hillman has attached himself like a leach, isn't permanently wedded to any particular philosophy of government.

The party, leaders are neither New Dealers nor reactionaries. They let their policies tway with the public wind. SOUTHEAST ASIA COMMAND HEADQUARTERS, KANDY, Ceylon, Aug. 5 (AP) A combination of "ill-advised promises and faulty hospital procedure" caused an ''al-most complete breakdown in morale" in one of the most famous American fighting units. Brigadier General Frank Merrill's Marauders, during the siege of Myitkyina, it was announced today.

The incident occurred near the end of May, when the American position at the Japanese-held North Burma base admittedly was precarious. Capture of the town was announced Friday. An inquiry disclosed that several hundred Marauders were removed from temporary duty while still convalescent and were returned to active duty. The seriousness of the situation at Myitkyina necessitated "scraping the bottom of the barrel" for manpower, the report said. However, removal of the convalescent soldiers to the battle area was the result of a misunderstanding.

Lieutenant Joseph W. Stilwell wept openly when learned Jiis orders that as many able-bodied men as possible be thrown into action has been mis interpreted. The Marauders are all volun- Berkley Kentucky Primary Favorite I LOUISVILLE, Aug. 5 (AP) Light balloting was expected today as Kentucky's Republican and Democratic voters went to the polls to nominate senatorial and congressional candidates. No national issues were involved in either primary.

Victory has been predicted for Senate Majority Leader Alben W. Barkley, who sought renomination, opposed by six other candidates, in the Democratic primary. Republican leaders expected a close race in the party's contest for the senate between Circuit Judge Clarence Bartlett, Hartford and Commonwealth Attorney Jamet Park, Lexington, two of four candidates. i i in.