Longview News-Journal from Longview, Texas • A2

Take Two PAGE 2A SUNDAY, JANUARY 6, 2015 Emancipation and a new marker Frank Ocean George Lucas According to the Texas State Library and Archives, "Most slaves had the basics food, clothing and a crude log cabin for shelter but they were kept poor and worked hard." Most were field hands, but others served as craftsmen, house servants and livestock handlers. To be sure, when the had 225,483 slaves; Maryland, Missouri, Delaware, the District of Columbia, 3,185. Even Utah had 29 slaves and Nebraska 15. However, the proclamation made slavery the war's main issue and strengthened the North's war effort. It also discouraged STARS NEIGHBORS People VAN CRADDOCK This very week 150 years ago, Abe Lincoln issued his Emancipation Proclamation declaring slaves "forever free." But news spread slowly in 1863.

It would be another two-and-a-half years before East Texas slaves learned about the proclamation, considered one of the great documents in American history. Most slaves had arrived in Texas with owners who relocated from other Southern states. The majority of Texas slaves lived on large cotton plantations in East Texas. Plantations The 1860 federal census revealed that one-third of Texas' population was slaves, totaling 182,566 of the Lone Star State's 604,215 residents that year. Here are some 1860 East Texas county slave populations (compared to counties' total populations): Harrison: 8,746 slaves (15,001) Upshur: 3,794 slaves (10,645) Rusk: 6,132 slaves (15,803) Panola: 3,727 slaves (10,119) Smith: 4,980 slaves (13,392) Cass: 3,475 slaves (8,411) Cherokee: 3,250 slaves (5,930) Nacogdoches: 2,359 slaves (5,930) (Gregg County wasn't created until 1873, carved from portions of Upshur and Rusk counties.) efforts to pass the Thirteenth Constitutional Amendment outlawing slavery, I recommend Steven Spielberg's movie "Lincoln," which is showing in area theaters.

Marker dedication On a related note, an historic Gregg County church founded by African-Americans will dedicate an Official Texas Historical Marker at 10:30 a.m. Saturday. In 1878, just 13 years after the end of the Civil War, African-Americans opened what today is called Post Oak Christian Methodist Episcopal Church near the town of Easton. A log cabin served as the first house of worship according to church member Ruby Portley, sponsor of the new church marker. Post Oak C.M.E.

church is southwest of Lakeport at 2675 FM 2906. The public is invited to attend the marker unveiling and a reception that will follow in the church's fellowship hall. The marker notes Post Oak C.M.E. church "serves as a reminder of the history and heritage of a community and church created by African-American landowners and residents of Easton and Gregg County." Van "Freedom" Craddock is author of the book "East Texas Tales." His email is vancraddocklisbcglobal.net. France and England from entering the war on the South's side.

While the proclamation created a sensation in the North, Southern plantation owners were hardly in the mood to inform their slaves were now free. It wasn't until the summer of 1865, two months after the close of the Civil War, that Gen. Gordon Grainger, new Union commander of the Department of Texas, stepped ashore in Galveston and read aloud General Order No. 3: "The people of Texas are informed that, in accordance with a proclamation from the Executive of the United States, all slaves are free. This involves an absolute equality of personal rights and rights to property between former masters and slaves." To learn more about the Emancipation Proclamation and Lincoln's Civil War began in 1861, East Texas was a Confederate stronghold.

Example: Cass County had been named after a New Hampshire senator, Lewis Cass, in 1846. Cass later became U.S. secretary of state and opposed Southern states' secession from the Union. In protest, folks in Cass County changed the name in 1861 to Davis County in honor of Jeff Davis, the new president of the Confederate States of America. But back to Lincoln's Emancipation Proclamation of Jan.

1, 1863. It's interesting to note the proclamation didn't actually free any slaves because it affected only areas still under Confederate control. The document did not apply to non-Confederate "border" states or other states in the U.S. For instance, the 1860 U.S. census noted Kentucky In Focus A SLICE OF LIFE FROM NEAR OR FAR singer Frank Ocean cited for pot possession BRIDGEPORT, Calif.

Grammy-nominated singer Frank Ocean has temporarily lost his driver's license and faces a marijuana possession charge after police say he was pulled over twice on the final days of the year in California's Eastern Sierra Nevada for driving more than 90 mph in 65 mph zones. The Mono County Sheriff's Department said officers first stopped Ocean's black BMW on Dec. 30 as he was heading northbound on U.S. 395 near Keoughs, and cited him for speeding. Ocean was pulled over again on New Year's Eve at about 4:30 p.m.

as he was heading southbound on U.S. 395 at about the same speed. The second time, sheriff's spokeswoman Jennifer Hansen said a strong odor of marijuana wafted out as a deputy approached the vehicle. Hansen said the deputy found a small bag of marijuana on the 25-year-old Ocean, whose legal name is Christopher Edwin Breaux, and cited him for marijuana possession. 'Star Wars' creator George Lucas engaged LOS ANGELES "Star Wars" creator George Lucas is engaged.

A spokeswoman for Lucasfilm says the 68-year-old director is engaged to 43-year-old investment firm president Mellody Hobson. No other details were provided. Hobson serves as chairman of DreamWorks Animation and is a financial contributor to ABC's "Good Morning America. Lucas has three children: Amanda, Katie and Jett. He was previously married to film editor Marcia Lucas from 1969 to 1983.

Today's local birthdays: Bud Austin, Damion Hamblin, Bobbie Keasler, Bill Rotzler, Pat Taylor, Ingrid Self, Sarah Woolsey Today's local anniversaries: Mary and James Gray Today's celebrity birthdays: Actor-comedian Rowan Atkinson is 58. Movie director John Singleton is 45. FROM STAFF AND WIRE REPORTS Professional Ink Tattoo artist Darin Drummer works on a tattoo this past month at Darkside Tattoos in Grand Forks, N.D. John Stennes Grand Forks (N.D.) Herald Photo Mixing tattoos, work requires caution BY PAULETTE TOBIN Grand Forks (N.D.) Herald GRAND FORKS, ND Fifty years ago, most people with tattoos were ex-servicemen, bikers, circus folk or convicts, and some tattoos were the result of a drunken night of shore leave. Today, Americans spend $1.65 billion a year on tattoos, according to Statisticbrain.com.

Kevin Boyer of Magoo's Tattoos in Grand Forks, ND, has been in the business for 50 years and says he once had the only tattoo license in North Dakota. Now, there are at least a half dozen tattoo parlors in the Grand Forks area, and more than 21,000 across the U.S., according to Statisticbrain.com. There are many reasons why more people are making their bodies a permanent canvas: the death of a loved one, the birth of a child, surviving a traumatic event, even acknowledging a beloved pet. But what does getting inked mean in today's business world? People in various professions doctors, nurses, lawyers and professors have been inked. Forty percent of Americans ages 26 to 40 have at least one tattoo.

But having ink can still carry a stigma, more so in the corporate and business world than in other careers. Grand Forks resident Tamara Hammargren, who works in construction, said she never worries about what people think of her. She has tattoos of her two daughters and her late brother. "I'm proud of them," she said. Wendy Swerdlow Pederson, Grand Forks, who works in an insurance office, has three tattoos.

When she was about to get her third, she went to her boss to tell him her plans. "He said, 'I want to see the tattoo when you have it done and, as long as you keep it covered, I don't have a Pederson said. In the workplace, co-workers and customers might be put off by body art. Pederson has hired and worked with people who have tattoos. "If someone who talks to you about planning your future or selling you a car, if they have scary tattoos or tattoos of a questionable nature, that will affect the way I feel about them," Pederson said.

"And I'm a tattoo person." But she does believe the idea of tattoos is changing. Permanent ink is becoming a way to tell your story. That's the way it has been for her, she said. "My first tattoo, I was mourning my father, my career was in flux," she said. She got a five-pointed star as a symbol of perseverance.

Her second tattoo is of music notes on her ankle. She has a music and theater arts education. And for her third, she got the outlines of the feet of her pet chinchilla, Chester. Almost any skin on the body can be tattooed, although some spots tend to be more painful. Corrections It is the policy of the Longview News-Journal to promptly correct errors.

Direct re-guests for corrections or clarifications to Editor Richard Brack at (903) 237-7759. Sports corrections are in Scoreboard. WHAT'S HAPPENING Datebook Monday, Pine Tree Church of Christ in "The Hub," 3221 Dundee Road, Longview. Information: Debbie Windsor, (903) 235-6135; Susan Berry, (903) 746-0486; Kendra Askew, (903) 918-2842. Longview Community Ambucs, meeting, 6:30 p.m.

Monday, Tele's Mexican Restaurant-Gilmer Road, Longview. Celebrate Recovery-Longview, meeting 7 p.m., dinner 6:30 p.m. Monday, Mobberly Baptist Church, 625 E. Loop 281, Longview. Information: (903) 663-3100 or Susan (903) 235-0097.

Al-Anon Longview-Greggton group, meeting, 8 p.m. Monday, Hope House, 4614 W. Loop 281, Longview. Information: (903) 263-9101. The Weekly Planner appears Mondays.

Submissions including birthday and anniversary listings must reach the newspaper before 5 p.m. Thursday to be included in the Weekly Planner. East Texas Datebook appears in the Longview News-Journal Tuesday through Sunday. Submissions including birthday and anniversary listings must reach the newspaper before noon at least three working days before the desired publication date to be included in the Datebook. Email releases to with the subject line as Datebook.

CLICK IT UP: Get information on other events and tell us about what's happening with your club, church and other organizations at TODAY Gun and Knife Show, 10 a.m. to 4 p.m. today, Maude Cobb Convention and Activity Complex, 100 Grand Longview. Classic Arms Productions show includes gun sale and trades and displays of new and old guns, ammunition, gun parts, books, knives, coins, jewelry, camouflage and military related items at discount prices. Admission $8 adults, $2 children 6 to 11; younger than 18 admitted with parent only.

Starving Artists Art Sale, 11 a.m. to 4 p.m. today, Maude Cobb Convention and Activity complex, Eitelman Conference Room, 100 Grand Longview. Admission is free, and all artworks on sale for less than $69. Information: (281) 360-3420.

Alcoholics Anonymous, meeting, noon and 6:30 p.m., daily, yellow house at Seventh and Olive streets, behind St. Anthony Catholic Church. Hotline: (800) 979-4191. American Legion Post 140, charity bingo, 1:30 and 3:30 p.m. today, 407 American Legion Longview.

Information: B. Shivers, (903) 759-0546 or (903) 753-9013. White Oak ISD Board of Trustees Town Hall Meeting, 2:30 p.m. today, Judy C. Meredith Secondary Food Services Building.

Topic: student, faculty and staff safety. All W0ISD community members invited to attend. VFW Post 4002, Karaoke 6-10 p.m., today, 401 Ambassador Row, Longview. Information: (903) 753-2413. MONDAY Gregg County Commissioners Court, meeting, 9 a.m.

Monday, Gregg County Courthouse, 3rd floor Commissioner Courtroom, 101 E. Methvin Longview. Information: (903) 236-8420. Piney Woods Quilters, meeting, 9:15 a.m. Monday, Gregg County Extension Building, 405 E.

Marshall Longview. Visitors welcome. Information: Carolyn, (903) 234-8877. Senior Circle Center, exercise, a.m. Monday, 3000 N.

Fourth Longview. class for beginners, 1 p.m. Monday, Green Street Recreation Center, 814 S. Green Longview. Information: S.

Gage, (903) 237-1279 The Rotary Club of South Longview, meeting, 5:30 p.m. Monday, Tyler St. Bistro, 102 E. Tyler Longview. Information K.

Hyko, (903) 237-1225. VFW Post 4002, Dinner: 5:30 to 8:30 p.m. Monday, 401 Ambassador Row, Longview. Information: (903) 753-2413. Take Off Pounds Sensibly No.

414, weigh-in, 5:30 p.m.; meeting, 6:30 p.m. Monday, First Christian Church, 720 N. Sixth Longview. Information: (903) 759-2675; (903) 758-3983. Eagles Lodge, dinner, 6 to 8 p.m.

Monday, 1206 Alpine Longview. Information: (903) 753-7461. Single East Texans Adult Group, dinnermeeting, 6 p.m. Monday, Carino's Italian, 411 E. Loop 281, Longview.

Information: E. Hirth, (903) 663-9767 or J. Nolen, (903) 759-6458. Single adults invited to join. Nar-Anon, meeting, 6:30 p.m.

Monday, 3713 W. Marshall Longview. Information: (903) 736-8431. S3-Survivors Supporting Services, a women's cancer group, meeting, 6:30 p.m. Membership reguired.

Information: (903) 232-3878. Hallsville ISD Gold Card Luncheon, 11:30 a.m. Monday, Hallsville High School, 616 Cal Young Road, Hallsville Information: (903) 235-8724. Beckville ISD Board of Trustees, meeting, noon, Monday, Beckville ISD Administration Building, Board room, 4398 Texas 149, Beckville. Alcoholics Anonymous, meeting, noon and 6:30 p.m., daily, yellow house at Seventh and Olive streets, behind St.

Anthony Catholic Church. Hotline: (800) 979-4191. Longview Duplicate Bridge Club, ACBL sanctioned, 12:30 p.m. Monday, 1409 NW Loop 281, Suite (next to Papa John's Pizza), Longview. Games open.

Information: M. Graham, (903) 918-8642; S. Shelton, (903) 759-6606. Green Street Recreation Center, line dance IN THE NEWSROOM IN ADVERTISING Retail ads (903) 237-7736 Classified ads (903) 758-3000 or (800) 395-8212 Retail billing (903) 237-7705 Accounts 237-7711 Classified billing (903) 237-7709 Advertising Fax (903) 236-3874 Business Fax (903) 232-7202 HOW TO REACH US Street address 320 E. Methvin St.

Longview, TX 75601 Mailing address P.O. Box 1792 Longview, TX 75606 Main phone (903) 757-3311 IN CIRCULATION To subscribe or for delivery guestions call (903) 237-7777 or (800) 825-9799. Home delivery deadline is 6 a.m. Monday through Friday, 7 a.m. weekends and holidays.

Call between 6-10 a.m. Monday through Friday, 7-11 a.m. weekends and holidays for customer service if your newspaper does not arrive. Editor. News Dept (903) 237-7744 Business 237-7737 Church News (903) 237-7744 City Desk (903) 232-7214 Club News (903) 237-7744 ET Datebook (903) 237-7744 237-7759 Letters (903) 237-7759 News Tips (903) 237-7744 Opinion Page (903) 237-7759 Photography (903) 237-7792 School News (903) 237-7742 Sports (903) 237-7760 Vol.

82 No. 6 A Texas Community Media Newspaper The Longview News-Journal (USPS 319-000) is published daily including Sunday by Texas Community Media LLC, 320 E. Methvin Longview, TX 75601. Periodical postage paid at Longview, Texas. POSTMASTER: Send address changes to P.O.

Box 1792, Longview, TX 75606. Call between 6-10 am. Monday through Friday, 7-11 a.m. weekends and holidays for customer service if your newspaper does not arrive. Basic annual subscription: $186, home delivery Monday-Sunday: $129, home delivery Thursday-Sunday.

Includes New Years Day, Memorial Day, Independence Day, Labor Day, Thanksgiving and Christmas. $264 by mail Monday-Sunday, $183 Thursday-Sunday. Individual copies: coin-operated racks, .50 cents daily, $1.50 Sunday: inside dealer accounts, .60 daily, $1.75 Sunday..